Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 主题阅读训练-【万向思维·高考快递】2024-2025学年高中练习生英语选择性必修第四册（译林版2020）

Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility Part A Welcome to the unit Reading 111/1/1/ Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 主题语境大拓展 P答案见DI 1.阅读理解 子主题1 数字生活中的友谊 语篇类型议论文词数333关键词 friendship,digital life [2022-2023广东省深圳市龙华中学高二下期中]“'ll be there in a few minutes.'m playing a game with a friend,a guy named Scuzzball,"my 15-year-old son shouted from his room."Oh,what is Scuzzball's real name?" I asked..“I have no idea,”he said.“Where is he from?”I continued.He responded,“I think somewhere in Canada.Oh,wait,it doesn't even matter because Scuzzball just left the game and he has been replaced with a robot." "Your friend is replaced by artificial intelligence?""It doesn't matter,Dad.It happens all the time!The game continues."My son doesn't mind playing with a person or a robot,which is typical of gamers these days.I wonder whether the face-to-face experience of friendship that I grew up with will be lost by our children. Aristotle,a great thinker and educator,has pointed out that shallow friendship is easily formed but also easily abandoned because such bonds are fragile.Deep friendship,by contrast,is when you care for your friend for his sake,not for any benefit you can get.This is selfless friendship.You can have only a couple of these friends because they require lots of time and effort.You must make sacrifices for each other. Presence in friendship requires "being with"and "doing for".Perhaps the most defining feature of deep friendship is"doing for",as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I'm sick.Only strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices.But it is unclear why online "friends"would bother to do the hard work of friendship.When I asked my students whether they had people in their lives who would bring them soup when they were sick,they laughed at my Stone Age question and said they'd just order soup online themselves. Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time so that people do not join in example cases of friendship,like sports,collective arts,free range childhoods,etc.In this way,digital life produces false friendships. 1.How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A.By quoting famous mottoes. B.By introducing an online game. C.By showing robots'irreplaceable role. D.By presenting a parent-child conversation. 2.What does the author mainly explain in paragraph 3? A.Impact of selfish friendship. B.The meaning of deep friendship C.Selfless sacrifices in friendship. D.The formation of shallow friendship. 3.What can we infer from paragraph 4? A.Ordering food online for friends is an example of "being with". B.The students thought highly of the teacher's question. C.Virtual friends won't make real sacrifices. D.Robots will have our back in trouble. 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·YL 4.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A.Digitalized Friendship B.The Benefits of Digital Life C.Face-to-face Communication D.The Sacrifices of Online Friends I.完形填空 子主题2 信任的重要性 语篇类型 议论文 词数268 关键词trust,essential,crucial [2022-2023湖南省名校联合体高二下第一次联考]Playing toss and catch with small children can be a fun experience,as they enjoy it very much."Again,Mommy,again!"Sarah exclaims as I toss her up in the air and catch her safely.She spreads her arms and legs as if she were flying,her eyes gleaming with 1.Her complete trust in me is heartwarming,yet it also carries a great deal of 2. I hope that Sarah will always have complete 3 in me,but I realize that as she grows older,earning and maintaining her trust will require more effort and good judgment 4.Trust is such an essential part of a parent- child bond that it's something that can't 5 to lose or be taken for granted.Every time I 6 Sarah to something new,she'll do it only because she trusts me and feels 7 in the knowledge that she won't get hurt.For example,teaching Sarah to swim means she has to 8 that when she's swimming in the big pool,I'll come to her rescue if her doggy paddle lets her down. 9 in the workplace,trust is crucial for strong 10.It is something that every manager should work hard to 11 among their team.Without trust,your team is unlikely to 12 your directions and willingly work together to achieve common goals.A 13 of trust can make people work against you rather than for you.At the very least,it means that people are not going to be 14 you their best.Good 15,like good parenting,is a long-term commitment,which requires effort.understanding and patience. 1.A.fear B.delight C.doubt D.astonishment 2.A.relief B.satisfaction C.achievement D.responsibility 3.A.faith B.devotion C.complaint D.passion 4.A.on my behalf B.on my part C.in my honor D.in my name 5.A.afford B.choose C.wait D.expect 6.A.attach B.compare C.adjust D.introduce 7.A.secure B.happy C.proud D.grateful 8.A.admit B.believe C.suggest D.imagine 9.A.However B.Therefore C.Similarly D.Fortunately 10.A.affection B.determination C.friendship D.leadership 11.A.assess B.organize C.develop D.understand 12.A.repeat B.follow C.change D.forget 13.A.gesture B.measure C.bond D.lack 14.A.telling B.giving C.selling D.sending 15.A.management B.personality C.communication D.education Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility Part B Grammar and usage Integrated skills 115/1/1/ Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 主题语境大拓展 P答案见D3 1.阅读理解 A 子主题1 科学家张道荣 语篇类型记叙文词数283 关键词 wheat,responsibility, food safety [2022-2023浙江省绍兴市上虞区高二上期末（改编）]As the Chinese saying goes,“A seed can change the world;a variety can benefit a nation."Zhang Daorong,who has spent the last 27 years cultivating 15 new varieties of wheat and contributing to national food security efforts,has done both. After graduating from the Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University in Daqing,Heilongjiang Province,in 1996,Zhang has been working as a researcher at the Xiangyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hubei Province.Though the working conditions and incomes she received at that moment were not satisfying,she ploughed on and devoted herself to the research of wheat varieties. Agricultural research work was hard and complicated.First,she led her colleagues to suitable parental types for a specific cultivation purpose.Then,the team tried a hybrid combination.After several generations of trial and selection,and when characteristics remained steady,they began a two-year process of yield testing and disease identification.After several more rounds of tests,an application for evaluation and approval was made to provincial or national authorities for market production. The wheat varieties developed by Zhang and her colleagues have been grown on 2 million hectares of farmland and have generated net profits of over 100 million yuan.One of them produces large seed heads and is highly resistant to stripe rust;another is highly resistant to pre-harvest sprouting,which results in a decrease of the grain yield. Today,the 51-year-old,known as the "mother of wheat",still works on the land.She considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to food safety."Agricultural research work is hard and complicated.All we can do is think more,discuss more,ask more questions and find answers on the land,she said. 1.What can we learn about Zhang Daorong? A.Her work is important and demanding. B.She got highly paid when she worked in Hubei. C.She retired after being titled "mother of wheat". D.Her wheat varieties have high production but low disease resistance. 2.What is the third paragraph mainly about? A.What difficulty Zhang met in the research. B.How Zhang and her team did agricultural research. C.What contributions Zhang made to Chinese agriculture. D.Why Zhang and her team developed a hybrid wheat type. 3.Which of the following can best describe Zhang Daorong? A.Generous and earing. B.Determined and honest. C.Responsible and devoted. D.Modest and knowledgeable. 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·YL 4.What's the writing purpose of the passage? A.To introduce a great scientist. B.To advertise some high-profit wheat varieties. C.To state the importance of agricultural research. D.To encourage young people to work in agriculture. 尔 子主题2在团队中最受欢迎的人语篇类型说明文词数329关键词 team assembly [2022-2023江苏省南京市中华中学高二上期末]When it comes to team assembly,people who are both trustworthy and competent are the most sought-after.However,those who are friendly and trustworthy are more likely to be selected than those who are known for just their skill competence and personal reputation,according to a new research from Binghamton University. "We assume that people are selected due to their knowledge,skills and abilities.However,this research suggests that people may often get picked because team members feel comfortable with them,"said Cynthia Maupin,assistant professor at Binghamton University's School of Management."People may be willing to sacrifice a bit in terms of performance in order to have a really positive team experience." Maupin and her colleagues focused on a group of MBA students to conduct their study.Students were randomly assigned to different teams to carry out class projects.Toward the end of the semester,they were asked to form their own teams and evaluate why they selected each member. "To find out how the students signaled to others that they might be someone who would be good to team up with in the future,we studied their use of either challenging or supportive voice,"Maupin said. Challenging voice:Communicating in a way that challenges the present situation and is focused on new ideas and efficiency. Supportive voice:Communicating in a way that strengthens social ties and trust. The researchers found that students who exhibited both voices were the most in-demand people when it came to assembling teams.However,students who only used a supportive voice to exhibit their friendliness and trustworthiness were more sought-after than those who only signaled their competence through the use of a challenging voice. Maupin said the findings have major implications for the workplace."People should realize the way they speak up can have a strong effect on informal teaming up at a later point and that supportive voice helps establish harmonious relationships and a sense of trust amongst individuals." 5.Who are preferred as team members? A.Those with a good personal reputation. B.Those with skill competence. C.Those willing to make sacrifices. D.Those easy to get along with. 6.What does the underlined word "signaled"in paragraph 4 probably mean? A.Replied. B.Promised. C.Displayed. D.Posed. 118 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 7.What does Maupin think of the findings? A.They make people more supportive. B.They help improve work competence. C.They make sense for better team assembly. D.They have strong effects on formal teaming up. 8.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A.The Secret of Communication B.The Importance of Competence C.Challenging Voice or Supportive Voice D.Competent Teammates or Friendly Teammates .七选五 用”中”中中 子主题3如何做一个有责任感的人语篇类型说明文词数246关键词 responsibility, an admirable character [2022-2023宁夏平罗中学高二下期中]Responsibility is an admirable character that makes life better for everyone around you.It isn't only about doing your homework or feeding the dog.1. Showing responsibility isn't always easy,but practicing and making an effort will help you improve over time. Think of the consequences before speaking or acting.Bad decisions often lead to a lot of new problems.Many times,you can avoid these problems by thinking about what you're about to do before you go through with it. Irresponsible people often make decisions without realizing how they are affecting others.2. Pause and reflect on your actions to see what you can do better.Take time out to look back on what you have said or done,especially after a difficult decision.3.Consider what goes right,what goes wrong,and what you can do differently next time.Use what you learn to become wiser and more responsible. 4. If you're honest,people will believe you are a responsible person.Try to be as honest as possible. Lying leads to deeper holes in the long run,so admit when you do something wrong.This can be very tough to do at times,but it's something you can handle when you're a responsible person. Apologize for any mistake you make.No one is perfect,and no matter how responsible you try to be,you might mess up sometimes.5.If you hurt someone,tell them you are sorry and will do better next time. A.Tell the truth and be honest with others. B.Instead of hiding your mistakes,own them. C.Find solutions for problems instead of blaming others. D.It's also about making proper choices and doing what is right. E.By reflecting,you give yourself a chance to make better decisions. F.Avoid big lies hurting one's feelings if you want people to trust you. G.Most decisions affect other people,so be responsible for your choices. 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·YL Part C Extended reading,Project,Assessment Further study 1101 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility 主题语境大拓展 ●答案见D5 |.阅读理解 子主题1 帮助孩子树立 正确的价值观 语篇类型议论文词数336 关键词 children,reward,responsibility [2022一2023陕西省西安市高陵区第一中学高二下期中]For many years,there's been a debate about rewarding our children.Does it work?Is it effective? Some people think we should establish a standard with our kids and give them something for meeting this standard as a reward.Punishment is given out in much the same way,but it's used when certain standards of performance,behavior,etc.have not been met.Kids will often become more dutiful when threatened with punishment,and work harder when promised a valuable reward.The problem is what happens when you /11//// 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·YL aren't around. To develop responsible,self-disciplined (kids,parents need to promote certain ideas.One of these ideas is that everyone joins in and helps in your family.Another idea is that there can be enjoyment in doing any task if we choose to make it so.When a task is for a worthy cause (our family can enjoy the house more because I helped clean it),this message can have a big impact. This is how we help our kids develop a sense of responsibility.When our children develop this responsibility, they'll be more disciplined,and they'll control their emotions better.When we give rewards to our kids,we reduce the sense of responsibility.We also create children who may temporarily perform to a certain standard,but who aren't likely to continue the performance without the carrot hanging in front of them. "Rewards and punishment can change behavior for a while,but they cannot change the person who engages in the behavior,"said Alfie Kohn,author of Punished by Rewards."Good values have to be grown from the inside out."Parents can help give their children a sense of shared responsibility and discipline which can last a lifetime. The real rewards that your children receive will be their readiness for the complex and demanding world that waits for them-a world that rewards those who have learned the secrets of discipline and responsibility.So keep those shiny rewards to yourself,and let your kids find their own rewards. 1.What will children do when they are threatened with punishment? A.They may lose interest in their work. B.They may appear to be well-behaved. C.They may change to another person. D.They may behave worse than usual. 2.What does the underlined part "the carrot"in paragraph 4 probably refer to? A.Rewards. B.Aims. C.Apologies. D.Doubts. 3.Which would Alfie Kohn agree with as to parents? A.Never pay attention to the way their children do things. B.Show their children how to behave by example. C.Never punish their children. D.Help their children establish good values. 4.What's the best title for the passage? A.Do You Often Reward Your Children? B.Should Parents Reward Their Children? C.When Should Parents Reward Their Children? D.What Can Parents Reward Their Children With? 川.语法填空 子主题2 提供初级卫生保健 Chinese family physicians, 服务的家庭医生 语篇类型说明文词数246关键词 primary healthcare services [2022-2023山东省聊城市高三第三次学业质量联合检测（改编）]More than1.43 million Chinese family physicians are tirelessly working 1. provide)quality primary healthcare services and contributing to 1\12参考答案及超详思路 了深厚友谊的意义。故选B。 Honesty and responsibility 3.C考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“…as my friend has my back in trouble or brings me soup when I'm sick.Only Part A Welcome to the unit Reading strong bonds have the power to motivate real sacrifices." 知，作者现实中的朋友会在作者困难的时候支特他，或者 在他生病的时候给他送汤，只有这样牢固的纽带才能激励 人们做出真正的辆牲：根据“they'd just order soup online themselves'”可知，网上的虚拟朋友不会做出真正的牺牲 故选C。 4.A考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Digital life fills and absorbs waking life time...digital life produces false friendships.”可知，作者对虚拟世界的友谊进行了探 讨并得出了结论一数字生活产生了虚假的友谊。故 选A。 ⊙技巧点拨 巧用三大方法确定文童标题 1.正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩 个问题—哪个选项能准确概活主旨？ 2反面否定法：城开原文，设想用各个备选项作标 题的“文章”会是什么内容，然后和原文章对照，一一排 除不符选项。 3,研读备选项本身：研读备选项里面的中心词、修 饰词的变式、结构、概括性等。 如第4题，由最后一段可知，本文的主旨是数字生 活产生的虚假友谊，故A项最适合作为本文的标题。B 项中的Benefits并未在文中体现，C项与本文中心词 digital无关，D项仅为文章细节之一。 词汇积累 之主题语境大拓展WWWM 名词：feature n.特点：特征：面容的一部分（如鼻，口眼） 【,语隔导澳》作者对虚拟世界的友谊进行了探讨并产生了 动词：respond r.回答，回应：作出反应abandon抛弃， 结论—一数字生活产生了虚假的友谊。 遗弃 1.D考查推理判断。根据第一段“‘I'll be there in a few 形容词：fragile ad不牢周的：脆弱的：易碎的：易损的 mimutes.I'm playing a game with a friend,a guy named 短语：be replaced by.被…取代artificial intelligence Seuzzball,'...'Oh,what is Scuzzball's real name?'...'I 人工智能by contrast对比之下；相比之下make think somewhere in Canada.Oh,wait.it doesn't even matter sacrifices for.…为…作出辆牲 because Scuzzball just left the game and he has been replaced 长难句分析 w讪aot.'”可知，作者通过一段亲子对话来引出文章 I wonder[whether the face-to-face experience of friendship 的主题。故选D。 主语谓语 宾语从句 2.B考查段落大意。根据第三段中的“Deep friendship,by that I grew up with)will be lost by our children. contrast,is when you care for your friend for his sake...You 定语从句 must make sacrifices for each other.."可知，本段提到，深厚 句意：我想知道我们的孩子是否会失去我成长过程中那种 的友谊是无私的友谊，是需要付出大量的时间和精力并为 面对面的友谊体验。 彼此做出柄牲的友谊。由此可知，作者主要在第三段解释 英语YD1 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·YL Ⅱ，语隔导读》文章通过作者的女儿无条件相信作者的故事 的“in the workplace,trust is crucial”可知，作者在此处从探 论述了信任的重要性。 讨母女之间的信任转向探讨工作场所中的信任，所以此处 1.B考查名词。ear“害怕”；delight“高兴”；doubt“怀疑”； 指，信任在工作场所中也很重要。放选C。 astonishment“惊讶”。根据上文中的“Playing toss and catch 10.D考查名词。affection“喜爱：钟爱”：determination“决 with small children can be a fun experience,as they enjoy it 心”：friendship“友谊”：leadership“领导力：领导地位”。上 very much.""She spreads her arms and legs as if she were 文中的“workplace”和下文“It is something that every yig,.,”可知，作者的女儿很享受玩抛接游戏的过程.所 manager...”提到了工作场所和管理者，分析选项可知，此 以此处应是指她的眼睛闪烁着喜悦的光芒。故选B。 处应是指信任对于强大的领导力至关重要。故选D。 2.D考查名词。relief“宽慰”：satisfaction“满意”； 11.C考查动词。assess“评估”；organize“组织”：develop achievement“成就”：responsibility“责任”。根据上文中的 “发展：培养”：understand"理解”。上文提到了信任在工作 Again,Mommy,again!'Sarah exclaims as I toss her up in 场所也很重要。根据常识并结合选项可知，此处应是指管 the air and catch her safely.”并结合语境可知l,作者把女儿 理者应该努力在团队中培养信任。故选C。 12.B考查动词。repeat“重复”；foow“遵循，听从；追随，拥 抛起来后，要安全地接住她，由此可！，此处指女儿对母亲 的信任也给母亲带来了巨大的责任压力。故选D。 护”；change“改变”：forget“忘记”。根据上文“Without trust,your team is unlikely"和下文“willingly work together 3.A考查名词。faith“信任”：devotion“泰献”；complaint“抱 to achieve common goals'”可知，没有了信任，你的团队就不 怨”：passion“激情”。根据下文中的“but I realize that as 可能心甘情愿地为实现共同的目标而合作。此处有ad she grows older,earning and maintaining her trust will require 连接，再结合选项可知，此处应是指你的团队不太可能听 more effort'”可知，随者女儿长大，作者要赢得和保持女儿 从你的指示。故选B。 的信任需要付出更多的努力，所以此处指的是作者的女儿 13.D考查名词。gesture“姿势”；measure“措施：方法”； Sarah完全信任作者，且此处是上文“Her complete trust in bond“纽带”；lak“缺乏”。下文“ke people work against mc..”中的tust的同义词复现。放选A。 ou rather than for you”提到的“让人们反对你，而不是为你 4.B考查介词短语。on one's behalf"代表某人”：on one's 工作"应是缺乏信任才会发生。a lack of为固定搭配，意为 part“由某人所为”；in one's honor“为向某人表示敬意”；im “缺乏”。故选D。 oe'snme“以某人的名义”。结合语境可知，本段在探i讨 14.B考查动词。tell“告诉”；give“给”；sell“卖”；snd“发 作者与女儿之间的关系，所以为了保持双方之闻的信任， 送”。根据上文中的“A13 of trust can make people 作者要付出更多努力并做出正确的判断。故选B。 work against)ou rather than for you.”可知，在人们不信任你 5.A考查动词。afod“能做：承担得起”；choose“选择”； 时，他们会反对你，所以此处应是指他们不会给你最好的 wait“等待”；expect“期望”。根据上文“Trust is such an (工作状态)。故选B。 essential part of a parent-child bond.”可知，信任是亲子关 15.A考查名词。management“管理”；personality“个性”； 系中至关重要的一部分，所以此处应是指信任是一种不可 communication“交流”；education“教育”。根据上文“in the 失去、不能当作理所当然的东西。afford to do sth意为“承 workplace”和“manager”可知，此处指的是好的管理就像好 受得起做某事（的后果）”。放选A。 的育儿一样，是一种长期投人。故选A。 6.D考查动词。attach“附；贴；系”；compare“对比”；adjust 词汇积累 “调整”；introduce“使初次接触”。根据下文“to something 动词：maintain,.保持：维持：维修：保养 new”和“For example,teaching Sarah to swim..”可知l,此处 名词：rescue n.营救：援救 是指作者使女儿初次接触新的东西。故选D。 形容词：essential a域必不可少的：非常重要的：基本的 7,A考查形容词。secure“安全的”：happy“快乐的”；poud 短语：take(sth)for granted认为（某事）理所当然be “自豪的”：grateful“感激的”。根据上文“she trusts me”和 crucial for..对…至关重要achieve common goals达 下文“she won't get hur”可知，在初次接触新事物时，作者 成共同目标 的女儿相信作者，知道自己不会受到伤害，所以她应是感 长难句分析 到安全的。故选A。 She spreads her arms and legs as if she were flying ) 8.B考查动词。amit“承认”；believe“相信”；suggest“建 主语谓语 宾语 虚拟语气 议”：imagine'“想象”。根据上文“because she trusts me”和 her eyes gleaming with delight. 语境可知，教Saah游泳意味着她必须相信当她在大泳池 独立主格结构 里游泳时，如果发生什么事情作者会去救她。故选B。 句意：她张开她的双臂和双腿，仿佛她在飞翔，她的眼睛闪 9.C考查副词。however'“然而”；therefore“因此”；similarly 烁若喜悦的光芒。 “类似地”；fortunately“幸运地”。根据上文中的“Tnust is such an essential part of a parent-child bond”以及下文中 D2e英语 参考答案及超详思路 Part B Grammar and usage Integrated 以及最后一段中的“She considers it her responsibility to work hard..”可知，虽然工作条件和收入并不令人满意，但 skills 张道荣坚持不懈，致力于小麦品种的研究：她认为自己有 责任努力工作，为国家粮食安全做出贡献。由此可知，张 道荣有责任心和奉献精神。故选C。 4.A考查写作意图。根据第一段中的“Zhang Daorong.… contributing to national food security efforts.has done both." 并结合文章下文内容一一科学家张道荣的个人经历科研 工作及其取得的成就可推知，文章的写作目的是介绍一位 伟大的科学家。放选A。 词汇积累 名词：ecurity九，保护措施；安全工作；安全；平安 combinationn.结合体；联合体identification n.排认：识 别：确认 形容词：complicated adj.复杂的：难懂的suitable ad.适 宜的：合适的 短语：contribute to有助于；促成graduate from毕业于 长难句分析 Though the working conditions and incomes she received) 让步状语从句 定語从句 at that moment were not satisfying].she ploughed on and 主语 谓语 devoted herself to the research of wheat varieties. 宾语 句意：虽然当时工作条件和她获得的收人并不令人满意， 之主题语境大拓展 W 但她坚持不懈，并致力于小麦品种的研究。 B A 语需导读》一项新的研究表明，在团队组建方面，最受欢迎 语需导读》文章主要介绍了科学家张道荣的个人经历、科研 的是既值得信精又有能力的人。诚研究还表明，那些友 工作及其取得的成就 好、值得信横的人比那些只以技术能力和个人声誉著称的 1.A考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Agricultural research 人更受欢迎。 work was hard and complicated..”和最后一段中的“She 5.D考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“those who are considers it her responsibility to work hard and contribute to friendly and trustworthy are more likely to be selected than food safety.”可知l,农业研究工作既艰苦又复杂，且与食品 those who are known for just their skill competence and 安全有关。由此可知，张道荣的工作很重要，要求也很高。 personal reputation'”可知，首选的团队成员是那些友好且值 故选A。 得信赖的人，也就是易于相处的人。故选D。 2.B考查段落大意。根据第三段“Agricultural research work 6.C考查词义猜测。根据画线单词所在句下文“they might was hard and complicated.First,she led...Then,the team be someone who would be good to team up with in the future, tried...After several generations of trial and selection...they we studied their use of either challenging or supportive voice" began a two-year process...After several more rounds of 可推知，研究人员研究学生们在组建团队时的沟通方式， tests...market production."可知，本段具体介绍了张道荣和 为的是弄清学生们是如何向他人表示“自己在未来可能是 她的团队是如何一步步进行农业研究的。故选B。 一个很好的合作伙伴”的。signal“向…示意；发信号”与 3.C考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Zhang Daorong display“表露：显示”意思相近，故选C。 contributing to national food security efforts,has done both." 7.C考查推理判断。根据最后一段中“Maupin said the 和第二段中的“Though the working conditions and findings have major implications for the workplace,.”和“the incomes...devoted herself to the research of wheat varieties." way they speak up can have a strong effect on informal teaming 英语YD3 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·YL up at a later point and that supportive voice helps establish life better for everyone around you.It isn't only about doing harmonious relationships and a sense of truist amongst your homework or feeding the dog.."提到，有责任感是一种令 individuals'”可知l,Maupin认为，这些发现对工作场所有币 人软佩的品质，它能让你身边的每个人生活得更好。它不 大影响：说话的方式会对以后的非正式团队合作产生很大 仅仅与做作业或喂狗有关。根据“iisn1 only about”可知， 影响，面支持性的声音有助于建立和谐的人际关系和个人 空处应承接上文，继续说明哪些行为包含在“负责任的行 之间的信任感。所以这些发现对更好地组建团队很有意 为”里。故D项“它还与做恰当的选择和做正确的事有 义。故选。 关。”符合语境，且选项中的“'s also about'”和上文的“t ○技巧点拨隐含类推理判断题解答技法 isn't only about'”相呼应。故选D。 第一步，抓住特定信息并进行逆向或正向推理判 Q技巧点拨段中设空题解答技法 断。考生在解答细节类推理判断题时要善于抓住某一 段中设空处一般是主题句的展开句。考生要尤其 段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语，根据关键信 注意分析空格前后的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意各 息去分析、推理、判断，进行逆向思维或正向推理 句间的衔接手段。这类题目特点主要是以转折手法引 第二步，整合全文（段）信息进行推测。抓住了 出主题句，或者是用承上启下的句子作为过渡，也可能 键信息后，考生要以事实为依据，在弄懂全文（段）意思 的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，并把它们综合 是补充前文的具体事实、事例和说明。解此类试题时首 起来去推理判断，以确定最佳答案 先应确定所缺的句子是过渡句还是细节句，再去解题 例如第1题，根据上文中的“It isn't only about”可知，空 8.D考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是第一段内容可知，在 处应承接上文，魅续说明哪些行为包含在“负责任的行 团队组建方面，最受欢迎的是既值得信赖又有能力的人。 为”里。D项的“It's also about”和上文的“It isn't only 然而，一项新的研究表明，那些友好且值得信赖的人比那 about'”相呼应。故选D。 些只以技术能力和个人声誉若称的人更受欢迎。由此可 知，本文中的研究主要是围绕“有能力的队员还是友好的 2.G根据本段首句“Think of the consequences before 队员”展开的。故选D speaking or acting.“可知，本段主要说明在说话或行动前要 词汇积累 考虑后果。上文“Irresponsible people often make decisions without realizing how they are affecting others,"提到.不负贵 名同：ssembly n.装配：组装：总成：集会：议会：代表大会 任的人在做决定时往往没有意识到他们会如何影响他人。 动词：sacrifice肱牺牲：献出 形容词：competent a域能干的：能胜任的trustworthy ad 由此可知，空处应承接上文，说明自己的决定会对他人产 值得信懒的：可信的 生影响。G项“大多数决定都会影响他人，所以要对你的 副词：randomly a,随机地：胡乱地 选择负责。"符合语境，且选项中的“decisions affect other 短语：personal reputation个人声誉be willing to乐意be people'”呼应上文的“decisions,are affecting others”。故 assigned to被分配到 选G 长难句分析 3.E上文“Take time out to look back on what you have said or dne”提到要抽出时间回顾你说过的话或做过的事；下 However,those(who are friendly and trustworthy are more 主语 定语从司 文“Consider what goes right..more responsible.”则说明了 likely to be selected[than those who are known for just their 如何反思自己的行为。由此可知，空处应承上启下，说明 谓语 比较状语从司 要反思的原因。E项“通过反思，你给自己一个做出更好 skill competence and personal reputation)],according to a 决定的机会。”符合上下文语境，且E项中的“reflecting”是 定语从句 状语 本段首句中“reflect'”的词汇复现。故选E。 new research from Binghamton University 4.A空处位于句首，是本段的主旨句。下文“If you're 句意：然而，根据宾厄姆顿大学的一项新研究，那些友好且 honest.people will believe you are a responsible person.Try to 值得信赖的人比那些只以其技术能力和个人声誉著称 be as honest as possible..“提到，如果你诚实，人们就会相信 的人更有可能被选中。 你是一个负责任的人，因此要尽量诚实。由此可知，本段 Ⅱ，语篇导读)有责任感是一种令人钦佩的品质，它能让你周 说明了碱实对增强责任感的重要性。A项“说实话，并对 国的人生活得更好。本文主要介绍了几个增强责任感的 别人诚实。"符合语境，且选项中的“honest'”与下文中的 方法。 “honest'”是原词复现。故选A。 1.D上文“Responsibility is an admirable character that makes 5.B上文“Apologize for any mistake you make."提到，要对 D4英语 参考答案及超详思路 你犯的任何错误表示歉意；下文“If you hurt someone,tcll more dutiful when threatened wit池punishment'”可知，当f孩子 them you are sorry and will do better next time,"提到，如果 受到惩罚的威胁时，他们通常会变得更加恭顺，也就是表 你伤害了某人，告诉他们你很抱款，并且下次会做得更好 现得很乖。故选B 由此可推知，空处应说明做错了事就应该去道歉，而不是 2.A考查词义猜测。画线词所在句上文“When we give 隐瞒，由此引出下文“tell them you are sorry”。B项“与其 rewards to our kids,we reduce the sense of responsibility." 隐瞒你的错误，不如承认它们”符合上下文语境。故 到，当我们给孩子奖励时，就会降低他们的责任感。结合 选B。 画线词所在句中“but who aren't likely to continue the 词汇积累 performance without the carrot hanging in front of them"可知， 名词：consequence n.结果；后果；重要性 此处应是指当孩子得到奖励时，他们暂时表现得符合某种 形容词：inesponsible ad.不负责任的：不可靠的 标准，但是当得不到奖励时，他们不太可能继续表现下去。 短语：make an effort努力，付出努力go through wit油完 故可猜测，画线部分“the carrot'”指的是“奖励”。故选A。 成，坚持到底pologize for..为道款 3.D考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“·Good values have to 长难句分析 be grown from the inside out.'Parents can help give their children a sense of shared responsibility and discipline which Showing responsibility isn't always easy,but practicing can last a lifetime.”可知，Alfie Kohn认为良好的价值观必 主语 系动词表语 连词 and making an effort will help you improve over time 须由内而外培养，父母可以帮助孩子树立一种责任感和纪 主语 谓语宾语宾补我语 律感，从而让孩子终身受益。由此可知，Alfie Kohn会同意 句意：表现出责任感并不总是（那么）容易，但练习和努力 “父母应该帮助他们的孩子建立良好的价值观”这种观点。 会帮助你随着时间的推移而进步。 故选D。 4.B考查主旨大意。通读全文，尤其是第一段“For many Part C Extended reading, Project, years,there's been a debate about rewarding our children. Assessment Further study Does it work?Is it effective?”和最后一段的最后一句“So keep those shiny rewards to yourself,and let your kids find their own rewards.”可知，作者在这篇文章中探讨的是父母 是否该给孩子奖励，枚“父母应该奖励他们的孩子吗？”是 最合适的标题。放选B 词汇积累 名词：standard n.标准，水平，规格，规范 动词：establish.建立：设立；证实promote促进：推销： 升职 形容词：dutiful a或忠实的：顺从的：恭敬的valuable adj 值钱的：贵重的：有益的 副词：temporarily ad,暂时地.临时地 长难句分析 We also create children(who may temporarily perform to a 主语 谓语宾语 定语从句 certain standard )but who aren't likely to continue the 并列连词 定语从句 performance without the carrot hanging in front of them). 秋语 之主题语境大拓展 句意：我们还创造了一些孩子，他们的表现可能会暂时达 【,语南导读》本文主要讨论了父母该如何奖励孩子的话 到一定的水准，但如果没有悬在他们面前的那根胡萝卜 题，并捉出了父母应该帮助孩子树立正确的价值观。 (指“奖励”)，他们就不太可能继续那种表现。 1.B考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Kids will often become 英语YD5 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·YL 川，语篇导读》中国的家庭医生对中国卫生保健体系的发展做 第一段可描写Anie告诉老师自己犯的错误以及老师夸奖 出了巨大的賣献 她诚实。 1.to provide考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句 ②由续写第二段首句“Anie环顾四周。”可知，第二段可描 已有谓语，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。根据句意可 写同学们的反应以及老师因为Amie的减实决定把铅笔 知，“超过143万名中国家庭医生正在孜孜不倦地工作”的 奖励给她。 目的是“提供优质的初级卫生保健服务”。此处作目的状 2.续写线索： 语，应该用不定式形式。故填to provide。 承认错误—同学们惊讶—得到夸奖—同学们对 2.whether考查连词。“whether..or..”是固定搭配，意为 Annie微笑一被奖励铅笔—一迫不及待告诉爸爸 “无论+还是…”。故填whether。. 3.词汇激活： 3.commitment考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处和前 行为类 文的“dedication”并列，二者词性应一致，所以空处应填名 ①走回/返回：walk back./retum 词。故填commitment。. ②把某物递给某人：hand sb sth/pass sth to sb 4.a考查冠词。“play a erucial role in.“是固定搭配，意为 ③注视/看着某人：eyeb/look at sb “在…方面起关键作用”。枚填a。 情绪类 5.hat/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知l,空处引 惊讶地：in surprise/with surprise/.surprisedly 导定语从句，并在该从句中作主语。先行词是“a hierarchical(分等级的)medical system”,指物。故填关系 。参考范文 代i词hat或者whicho Slowly,Annie raised her hand."Mrs.Page,I didn't get 6.meeting考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已 100%on the test.I missed a word."She stood up and handed 有谓语动词y,所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。此处表 her teacher the beautiful pencil and her test paper."I spelled 示自然而然的结果，所以应该用现在分词作结果状语。故 'weird'with 'i-e'instead of 'e-i.'"Annie could feel her 填meeting classmates eyeing her with surprise as she walked back to her 7.submitted考查时态。分析句子结构可知，空处是句子 desk.Mrs.Page held up Annie's test paper."Class,"she said, 的谓语动词。根据时间状语n2018可知.句子应该用一 "Annie did something even more important than spelling every 般过去时。故填submitted。 word correctly on a test."Mrs.Page smiled at Annie."She 8.continuously考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰 taught us all a lesson on being honest." 空后的动词，应该用副词。故填continuously。 Annie looked around.She found many of her classmates were 9.against考查介词。“the fight against”是固定搭配，意 smiling at her."Annie,I want you to have this pencil because 为“与…的斗争”。放填aginst。. you set a good example for all of us,"Mrs.Page said.Annie took 10.made考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句已有 the beautiful silver,pink,and blue pencil from her teacher. 谓语，所以空处应用非谓语动词形式。mke与其逻辑主 "Thank you,Mrs.Page.She couldn't wait to show it to Dad 语contributions之间是动宾关系，应该用其过去分词形式 and tell him about this one of her best days ever. 作后置定语，表被动。故填made。 佳句背诵 ◆写作指导 1.Annie could feel her classmates eyeing her with surprise as she walked back to her desk.当Annie走回地的课来时， 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了这样一个故事：Annie已 经为拼写测试努力准备了很久，老师承诺得到满分的人会得 地能感觉到地的同学们惊讶地看着她。 到奖励。考试时，Anic正确而迅速地写下老师念出的单问： 2."Annie,I want you to have this pencil because you set a 她认为考试并不难。午饭后老师公布测试结果，Annie和其 good example for all of us,”Mrs.Page said.“Anie,我想 他三名同学得到了满分，老师奖励了她一支漂亮的铅笔。但 让你拥有这支铅笔，因为你为我们所有人树立了一个好 当她拿到试卷时，发现试卷上有一个错误。她犹豫着该怎么 榜样。”Pge夫人说。 办。这时她想起了爸爸在她很小的时候就教给她：“我们应 3.She couldn't wait to show it to Dad and tell him about this 该永远诚实。” one of her best days ever.地迫不及待地想把它拿给爸爸 1.段落续写： 看，并且跟他讲讲地这最美好的日子之一。 ①由续写第一段首句“Aie慢慢地举起了她的手。”可知， D6英语