Unit 11 Conflict and Compromise 单元同话题真题训练-【万向思维·高考快递】2024-2025学年高中练习生英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

UNIT 11 CONFLICT AND COMPROMISE 高考专题大建构 ●答案见D23 〡·阅读理解 zero waste lifestyle, 主题语境 人与自我一如何在家庭中 践行“零废弃”的生活方式 语篇类型记叙文词数350关键词 discouraging [2023浙江卷I月]Live with roommates？Have friends and family around you?Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle,not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon. I experienced this when I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago,as I was living with my parents,and I continue to experience this with my husband,as he is not completely zero waste like me.I've learned a few things along the way though,which I hope you'll find encouraging if you're doing your best to figure out how you can make the change in a not-always-supportive household. Zero waste was a radical lifestyle movement a few years back.I remember showing my parents a video of Bea Johnson,sharing how cool I thought it would be to buy groceries with jars,and have so little trash!A few days later,I came back with my first jars of zero waste groceries,and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars everywhere.It came off as a bit discouraging. Yet as the months of reducing waste continued,I did what I could that was within my own reach.I had my own bedroom,so I worked on removing things I didn't need.Since I had my own toiletries(洗漱用品)，I was able to start personalising my routine to be more sustainable.I also offered to cook every so often,so I portioned out a bit of the cupboard for my own zero waste groceries.Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch,but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire. As you make your lifestyle changes,you may find yourself wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what you're doing,which can turn itself into a whole household debate.If you have individuals who are not on board,your words probably won't do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged. So here is my advice:Lead by action. 1.What do the underlined words "jump on that bandwagon"mean in the first paragraph? A.Share an apartment with you. B.Join you in what you're doing. C.Transform your way of living. D.Help you to make the decision. 2.What was the attitude of the author's father toward buying groceries with jars? A.He disapproved of it. B.He was favorable to it. C.He was tolerant of it. D.He didn't care about it. 3.What can we infer about the author? A.She is quite good at cooking. B.She respects others'privacy. C.She enjoys being a housewife. D.She is a determined person. 1/51/11/1 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·BS 4.What is the text mainly about? A.How to get on well with other family members. B.How to have one's own personal space at home. C.How to live a zero waste lifestyle in a household. D.How to control the budget when buying groceries. B 主题语境 人与社会—适度的务力和良 moderation,positive 好的情绪有利于提升工作效率 语篇类型说明文词数304关键词 mood,effective [2022 Many people believe that working to the maximum is the secret to success,but research has found that moderation()also gets results on the job. In a study led by Ellen Langer of Harvard University,researchers asked people to translate sentences into a new made-up language.Subjects who practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all.High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields-the arts,sciences,and politics.High conscientiousness is related to lower job performance,especially in simple jobs where it doesn't pay to be a perfectionist. How long we stay on the clock and how we spend that time are under careful examination in many workplaces. The young banker who eats lunch at his desk is probably seen as a go-getter,while his colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get dirty looks from the corner office."People from cultures that value relationships more than ours does are shocked by the thought of eating alone in front of a computer,"says Art Markman,a professor of psychology at the University of Texas,Austin.Social interaction has been shown to lift mood() and get people thinking in new directions and in ways that could help improve any post-lunch effort. Markman also promotes off-task time."Part of being a good thinker is experiencing things that are seemingly unrelated to what you are working on at the moment but give you fresh ideas about your work,"he says."Also, there is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of productivity and creativity.So,when people do things to increase their life satisfaction,they also make themselves more effective at work. 5.What does Ellen Langer's study show? A.It is worthwhile to be a perfectionist. B.Translation makes people knowledgeable. C.Simpler jobs require greater caution. D.Moderate effort produces the best result. 6.The underlined word "go-getter"in paragraph 3 refers to someone who A.is good at handling pressure B.works hard to become successful C.has a natural talent for his job D.gets on well with his co-workers 7.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.A good thinker is able to inspire other people. B.Experience unrelated to your job is useless. C.A cheerful mood helps make a creative mind. D.Focusing on what you do raises productivity. 8.What does the text seem to advocate? A.Middle-of-the-road work habits. B.Balance between work and family. C.Long-standing cultural traditions. D.Harmony in the work environment. 521参考答案及超详思路 采用不同的表达方式将各个要点完整地表述出来。写作时 you in what you're doing.(和你一起做你正在做的事情。)” 注意时态，语态的合理运用，主次分明，详略得当，语言力求 意思接近。故选B。 准确、简洁。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，适当增加 2.A考查观点态度。根据第三段中的“A few days later, 细节，以使行文连贯。 and my dad commented on how silly it was for me to carry jars ◆参考范文 everywhere.“可知，作者的父亲认为，去哪里都带着罐子是 愚蠢的。由此可推知，作者的父亲不赞成用罐子买食品杂 Recently the Red envelope fever has swept across the nation. 货。故选A。 People use red envelopes to express their best wishes or even use them to repay others especially during the Spring Festival. ○技巧点拨用“忠于措辞法”解答观点态度题 It is reasonable to think sending red envelopes is a good way 观点和态度就是某人对某个话题，行为、事件的看 to strengthen the relationship when people's beloved ones, 法、感觉或判断。 relatives or friends don't live in the same place.Besides,sending 观点和态度一般分为三大类：支持、赞同、乐观：客 red envelopes is really a Chinese tradition.To some extent.the 规、中立：反对、批评、怀疑、悲观 red envelope fever can help us keep our tradition.However,as 作者的思想倾向和情感色彩往往隐含在文章的字 every coin has two sides,we should have a correet attitude 里行间。因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的 towards it.Paying too much attention to snatching red 措华，尤其是表达诗感色彩的形容词或副词 envelopes might cause people to ignore the true world. 此类试题往往需要考生推斯文章的作者或文中人 People's relationship lies in the true love in daily life instead 物对某事所持的态度、规点或看法，或推断文中来人物 of a certain activity.All in all,faced with the Red envelope 的语气、性格等。 fever,we should calm down. 解此类试题常用“忠于措辞法”。解题流程如下： 佳句背诵 关注首较的首尼句，非断丈辛主翅，确是 作者成美个人物的点 Paying too much attention to snatching red envelopes 关注如t后表示网，点和态度的语向，雅听作 might cause people to ignore the true world.过于关注抢红包 忠 者就文中人物的烈点 可能会导致人们忽视真实的世界。 措 美泸作者所沁的例子花所引用的诗语，报 辞 渊饰者成文中人物的态度领向 关注文章带言的疫贬，非测作将或文中人 高考专题大建构 物的态度 不耍用本人的利点代皆作者或文中人物的 态庆 语篇辱读)》作者在家庭中践行“零废弃”的生活方式，却不被 3.D考查推理判断。根据第二、三、四段可知，作者的“零 家人理解，但地仍坚持自己的生活方式。文章阐述了在群 废弃”的生活方式没有得到家人的理解，但是自己却一直 体生活中得不到理解和支持时，“用行动发挥引领作用”是 坚持着。结合倒数第三段的最后一句和倒数第一段中作 最好的办法 者的建议可知，作者认为，也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但 1.B考查词义猜测。根据画线部分所在句和第二段的第一 你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变，用行动 "I experieneed this...as I was living with my parents,and 发挥引领作用。由此推断，作者是一个意志坚定的人。故 I continue to experience this with my husband,as he is 选D not completely犹o waste like me.”及第三段中的“i 4.C考查主旨大意。通读文章可知，第二、三段提到作者五 remember showing my parents...my dad commented on how 年前在家里开始转向“零废弃”的生活方式；第四段描述了 silly it was for me to earry jars everywhere,”可知，作者五年 作者为实现家庭“零废弃”生活方式而做出的改变：最后两 前转向“零废弃”的生活方式时，与作者同住的父母以及丈 段阐释了在群体生活中得不到理解和支持时，“用行动发 夫并没有淮备好追随这种“零废弃”的可持续发展的生活 挥引领作用”是最好的办法。由此可知，整篇文章都在讲 方式。由此可知，画线词组jump on that bandwagon与“Join 述如何在家庭中践行“零废弃”的生活方式。故选C。 英语D23 练习生高中英语·选择性必修第四册·BS 词汇积累 7.C考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“..here is a lot of research showing that a positive mood leads to higher levels of 名词：individualn.个人 productivity and creativity.”可知，良好的情绪有利于提升生 形容词：discouraging ac或使人沮丧的：令人泄气的 产力和创造力。由此可推断，偷快的心情对人们产生创造 副词：entirely ac,完全地：全部地 性的思维有帮助。C项中的cheerful和creative mind分别 短语：igure out弄清楚，弄明白comment on对，进行 对应文中的positive和crealivity。故选C 评论come off达到预期效果within one's own reach 在某人自己力所能及的范用内every so often有时， 8.A考查推理判断。文章第一段表明主题：适度的工作也 偶尔portion out分配have control over..…对…有控 会带来成果。第二段通过研究结果证明适度工作的效果 制权speak up for sb为某人说好话，辩护 要好于过度工作。由此可推断，本文旨在提倡一种适度的 工作方式。A项中的Middle-of-he-mad与文中的 长难句分析 moderation所表达的意思相契合。故选A。 (As you make your lifestyle changes),you may find yourself 引导时间状语从句 词汇积累 wanting to speak up for yourself if others comment on what 名词：conseientiousness n.勤勉认真interaction.互动 「引导的条件状语从句 caution n.谨慎，小心 you're doing),(which can turn itself into a whole household 动词：advocate,支持，提倡 宾语从句 whih引导的非限制性定语从句 形容词：e-upa,编造的：虚构的knowledgeable ad. debate). 博学的，知识渊博的middle-of-he-oada不极端的， 句意：当你改变你的生活方式时，你可能会发现，如果别人 取中间立场的：平庸的 对你在做的事情评头论足，你会想为自已辩护，这可能 副词：beforehand ade.事先，预先extensively ad.大规模 会变成一场全家人的争论。 地，巨大地 公 短语：to the maximum最大限度地attached to依恋：非常 语篇导读)许多人认为工作到一个人的最大限度是成功的 喜欢he unrelated to与…无关 秘诀，但研究发现，造度的工作会带来更好的成果。所以， 要适度的工作，并在工作时保持良好的情绪，这会让自己 单元重组大练习 在工作中更有效率。 5.D考查推理判断。根据第一段“but researc山has found A that moderation(适度)also gets results on the job.”和第二 语篇导读)文章通过生活事例表明：通过控制自己的情绪才 段中的“In a study.researchers asked people to translate 能进行有效的沟通，更好地解决生活中的冲突 sentences into a new made-up language.Subjects who 1.A考查细节理解。根据第一段的第二句“After thinking practiced the language moderately beforehand made fewer about a particularly troubling issue throughout the night,the errors than those who practiced extensively or not at all."n first manager wrote a letter to the other one.outlining his 知，第一段提出主题，即适度的工作也会带来成果，接着第 thoughts as reasonably as possible..”可知，第一位经理给另 二段作者提到Ellen Langer的研究证明了适度的努力会产 一位写了一封信，尽可能合理地表达了他的大体的想法 生最好的结果。故选D。 故选A。 6.B考查词义猜测。根据画线单词的下文“while his 2.D考查推理判断。根据第三段内容可知，Lincoln写了一 colleagues who chat over a relaxed conference-room meal get 封信，严肃地表达自己的想法，然后把这封信撕掉：又写了 dirty looks from the corner office”可知，while前后是对比关 一封合适且合理的信，然后把这封信寄出去，所以这个故 系，g-gelter前面的“eats lunch at his desk”与go-gelter后面 事告诉我们应该冷静之后再处理问题。故选D。 的“chat over a relaxed conference-oom meal"形成对比，凸 3.B考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“When we allow 显前者的积极上进。由此可知，画线单词o-getter指的是 ourselves to become emotional and react immediately to what “那些努力工作以寻求成功的人”。故选B we feel without thinking,emotions overwhelm (the D24英语