重难点05.定语从句-2025年中考英语【热点·重点·难点】专练(北京专用)

重难点05 定语从句 中考英语定语从句考查要点及趋势分析 ‌考查要点‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌趋势分析‌ ‌关系词选择‌ The book ‌that/which‌ I borrowed is helpful. （先行词为物，关系代词可用that或which）‌ 侧重that/which区分及who/whom用法‌； 关系副词where/when/why辨析频率上升（如判断地点/时间状语）‌ ‌先行词类型‌ This is the school ‌where‌ I studied. （先行词school表地点，需用where） 与名词性从句结合考查（如判断先行词是“人/物/抽象概念”）‌； 先行词隐含逻辑关系（如reason后用why）‌ ‌限制性/非限制性从句‌ My sister, ‌who‌ works in Beijing, will visit me. （非限制性从句用逗号隔开，不可用that） 近几年出现率提升； 非限制性从句中which与that误用率高达 ‌时态与主句一致性‌ He is the boy ‌who‌ won the prize yesterday. （主句为现在时，从句按实际时间用过去时） 主从句时态逻辑匹配（如“现在完成时+一般过去时”）成为新难点； 结合语境判断时间关系（如when引导的定语从句与状语从句混淆）‌ ‌从句结构辨识‌ The girl ‌you met at the party‌ is my cousin. （省略关系代词whom/that，需补全结构）‌ 完形填空中要求补全省略的关系词（2024年新题型）‌； 与长难句分析结合，考查句子成分划分能力‌ 【情境解读】 【重难诠释】 中考英语定语从句考查重难点分析 ‌考查点‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌重难点解析‌ ‌关联考点‌ ‌关系词选择‌ This is the school ‌where‌ I studied. ‌ 需区分关系代词（that/which/who）与关系副词（where/when/why）： 先行词在从句中作状语时用关系副词（如where表地点状语）；‌ 学生易混淆which与where（如将“the house ‌which‌ I live in”误写为“where”）‌ 名词性从句辨析 ‌ ‌限制性/非限制性从句‌ My sister, ‌who‌ works in Beijing, will visit me. ‌ 非限制性从句需用逗号隔开，且不可省略（如误用that替换which）；‌ 学生常忽略逗号导致逻辑错误（如将补充说明误判为限定性内容）‌ 标点符号与句子逻辑 ‌ ‌介词+关系代词结构‌ The house ‌in which‌ I live is old. ‌ 介词选择需匹配从句动词搭配（如live in→in which）；‌ 易错将介词置于从句末尾（如“which I live in”正确，但需注意书面语中前置更规范）‌ 动词短语与介词搭配 ‌ ‌只能用that的情况‌ This is ‌the best‌ movie ‌that‌ I have seen. ‌ 先行词被最高级（the best）、序数词（the first）或不定代词（all, everything）修饰时，必须用that‌； 学生易误用which（如“all which”应为“all that”）‌ 形容词比较级与最高级 ‌ ‌关系代词省略‌ The girl ‌(who/whom)‌ you met is my cousin. → 可省略who/whom ‌38 当关系代词作宾语且无介词时，可省略（如“the book (that) I bought”）‌； 学生常误加冗余关系词（如“This is the place where I visited”错误，应删去where）‌ 句子成分分析（主/宾/状语）‌ 【易错专攻】 ‌易错点‌ ‌典型错误示例‌ ‌错误原因解析‌ ‌应对策略‌ ‌关系词选择错误‌ This is the museum ‌which‌ I visited last year. [错误] （正确应为 ‌that/which‌）‌ 混淆关系代词（作宾语）与关系副词（作状语）。先行词为“museum”，从句中作宾语需用 ‌that/which‌，而非 ‌where‌。 1. ‌三步法判断‌： ①找先行词；②分析其在从句中的成分（主/宾/状语）；③选择对应关系词‌。 2. ‌对比练习‌：区分 where（状语）与 which/that（宾语）‌。 ‌限制性/非限制性从句混淆‌ My brother who is a doctor works in Shanghai. [错误] （正确应为 My brother, who...）‌ 缺少逗号导致逻辑歧义（暗示有多个兄弟）。非限制性从句需用逗号隔开，且不可用 ‌that‌‌。 1. ‌标点敏感训练‌：通过加逗号前后句意差异强化理解（如“限定范围” vs “补充说明”）‌。 2. ‌规则记忆‌：非限制性从句中只能用 ‌which/who‌，不可省略‌。 ‌“介词+关系代词”结构误用‌ The city ‌where‌ I come from is Beijing. [错误] （正确应为 ‌which/that‌ 或 from which）‌ ‌where‌ 不可直接接介词，需改为 ‌which/that‌ 或调整介词位置（如 from which）‌。 1. ‌结构拆分法‌：将介词还原至从句动词后（如 come from the city→which I come from）‌。 2. ‌书面语规范‌：优先使用 in which/from which 等前置结构‌。 ‌特殊规则遗漏（只能用that）‌ All ‌which‌ he said is true. [错误] （正确应为 ‌that‌）‌ 当先行词被最高级、序数词或不定代词（all/everything）修饰时，必须用 ‌that‌‌。 1. 最高级、序数词、不定代词，“that”不可替‌。 2. 收集含特殊规则的真题，强化敏感度‌。 ‌关系代词冗余或省略错误‌ This is the place ‌where‌ I visited. [错误] （正确应为 ‌that/which‌ 或省略）‌ ‌visited‌ 需宾语，‌where‌ 作状语不可用，应改为 ‌that/which‌ 或省略‌。 1. 判断从句是否缺主语/宾语（缺则需关系代词，不缺则用关系副词）‌。 2. 删除冗余词（如 where→无宾语则错误）‌ （建议用时：40分钟） 单项选择 1．Can you lend me the book ________ the other day? A．about which you talked B．which you talked C．about that you talked D．that you talked 2．I like the farm ________ I visited last week. A．where B．that C．who D．whom 3．— Dad, do you know that Pan Zhanle broke the world record in the men’s 100-metre freestyle? — That’s amazing. There are many other Chinese athletes like him. Success often comes to those ________ work hard and never give up! A．how B．what C．which D．who 4．— Do you remember the place _______ you visited last year? — Sure. I’ll never forget that place, because I stayed there for almost 10 years. A．who B．which C．whose D．what 5．This is the only book ________ I find useful. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 6．—Could you please have your hair cut as soon as possible? —Why? I like my hairstyle ________ it is now. A．since B．as C．unless D．when 7．China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受资）, the CFO of ByteDance. A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that 8．Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan ________ you can use for your report? A．who B．how C．which D．where 9．I went to talk with Nancy and was surprised by her words ________ made me realize ________ silly mistakes I had made. A．what; which B．which; what C．which; which D．what; what 10．China is getting better at making the most popular high-tech products ________ can be bought in all parts of the world. A．who B．which C．what D．that 11．On the top of the hill ________ an ancient tower ________ was built 500 years ago. A．standing; that B．stood; which C．lay; / D．lied; / 12．—Do you know Zhang Guimei ________ was honored as one of the “People Who Moved China”? —Yes, she created the first free high school for girls in mountain areas and has helped more than 1,800 students to go to college. A．which B．whose C．whom D．who 13．Confucius (孔子) is one of China’s greatest thinkers and educators ________ have become popular with many people in the world. A．who B．which C．that D．what 14．—Have you seen the film Hi, Mom directed by Jia Ling? —Yes. It’s the best one ________ I have ever seen. A．what B．which C．that D．who 15．We should value the friendship ________ we have developed in the past years. A．that B．who C．whose D．what 16．Women __________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart diseases than __________ who don’t. A．who; that B．/; these C．who; those D．/;/ 17．—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher? —Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much. A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our 18．Puberty is the stage of life _______ young people leave children and head into adulthood. A．until B．whether C．because D．when 19．I can’t understand the book ________. A．which writes by her B．who wrote it last year C．which was brought by her D．she brought it 20．I hope you’ll remember the important people in your lives ________ helped and supported you. A．which B．what C．who D．when 21．—Have you heard of the story of Mulan? —Of course. Mulan is a brave girl ________ takes her father’s place to fight in the army. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 22．—Do you know when our Chinese National Symbol of Day (国家公祭日) is? —Yes, it’s on December 13th. It’s in memory of the people ________ were killed in Nanjing Massacre. A．that B．what C．which D．/ 23．Now China is one of the few nations _________ can produce COVID-19 vaccines（疫苗）on a large scale（大批量）. A．that B．where C．who D．what 24．Do you know the way to the company ________ your father works? A．that B．which C．in which D．in what 25．Jane is the one ________ is good at Chinese calligraphy (书法) in our class. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 26．The victim wanted to report the crime ________ his boss had committed to the police. A．which B．whom C．who D．what 27．—Why don’t you like playing chess? —Playing chess is an activity ________ needs much patience. But I’m not patient at all. A．which B．what C．who D．where 28．The birthday cake ________ last night has gone bad. I have to throw it away. A．which I bought it B．I bought C．what I bought D．I bought it 29．I will never forget the day________ we spent in the old town with small houses A．who B．whom C．that D．what 30．We’ll never forget the heroes ________ bring people hope in difficult times. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 31．Most students like the teachers ________ understand them well. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 32．—Do you know Li Ziqi? —Of course. She is a beautiful girl ________ has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life. A．what B．/ C．which D．who 33．— Can you say something about Li Lanjuan? — Of course. She is the bravest doctor ________ all the Chinese are proud of fights against the novel coronavirus. A．who B．whom C．whose D．that 34．I’m the only person ________ can paint the fence right. A．whom B．which C．that D．what 35．There are many works of art in the museum _______we will visit tomorrow. A．where B．who C．which D．what 36．—What kind of movies do you prefer? —I prefer the movies ________ me something to think about. A．which give B．that gives C．what give D．who gives 37．Is this the best museum ________ you visited last year? A．that B．what C．where D．which 38．I like to live in a house ________ is big and bright. A．who B．where C．that D．why 39．—Have you heard the latest news ________ is about the Chinese surveying team to remeasure the height of Mount Qomolangma? —Yes, and I ________ the climbers. A．that; took pride in B．which; take proud in C．that; am proud of D．that; was proud of 40．—Did you have a good time with your old classmates last night? —Yes, of course. We talked a lot about the things and the people ________ are still clear in our minds. A．who B．which C．/ D．that 41．Extreme（极端的）weather hit the area during the race ________ was held on May 22, 2021 in the Yellow River Stone Forest tourist site in Jingtai county, Baiyin city. A．who B．where C．which D．what 42．We will never forget the teachers and classmates ________ have helped and supported us. A．which B．who C．when D．where 43．I’d like to express my thanks to everyone ________ served the community. A．which B．who C．where D．when 44．Tom survived when the car ________ he was a passenger in turned off the road and broke down. A．where B．that C．as D．why 45．To stop the spread of COVID-19, anyone ________ enters the school must have his or her temperature taken. A．when B．whom C．who D．which 46．Ben plans to visit ________ this weekend. He can’t wait to enjoy the famous painting Mona Lisa there. A．a park that has many kinds of flowers B．her grandfather who lives in a village C．a museum that is full of great art works D．Mr. Green who is going back to the USA 47．Confucius is one of China’s greatest thinkers and educators ________ have become popular with many people in the world. A．that B．which C．whom D．where 48．— According to the survey, women ________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a great chance of having heart disease than ________ who don’t. — Oh, really? How great he is! A．who, that B．/, these C．who, those D．/, / 49．Mr. George is the only teacher ________ can speak two foreign languages in our school. A．where B．when C．whose D．who 50．The film ________ we saw last night was wonderful. A．who B．whose C．where D．which / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点05 定语从句 中考英语定语从句考查要点及趋势分析 ‌考查要点‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌趋势分析‌ ‌关系词选择‌ The book ‌that/which‌ I borrowed is helpful. （先行词为物，关系代词可用that或which）‌ 侧重that/which区分及who/whom用法‌； 关系副词where/when/why辨析频率上升（如判断地点/时间状语）‌ ‌先行词类型‌ This is the school ‌where‌ I studied. （先行词school表地点，需用where） 与名词性从句结合考查（如判断先行词是“人/物/抽象概念”）‌； 先行词隐含逻辑关系（如reason后用why）‌ ‌限制性/非限制性从句‌ My sister, ‌who‌ works in Beijing, will visit me. （非限制性从句用逗号隔开，不可用that） 近几年出现率提升； 非限制性从句中which与that误用率高达 ‌时态与主句一致性‌ He is the boy ‌who‌ won the prize yesterday. （主句为现在时，从句按实际时间用过去时） 主从句时态逻辑匹配（如“现在完成时+一般过去时”）成为新难点； 结合语境判断时间关系（如when引导的定语从句与状语从句混淆）‌ ‌从句结构辨识‌ The girl ‌you met at the party‌ is my cousin. （省略关系代词whom/that，需补全结构）‌ 完形填空中要求补全省略的关系词（2024年新题型）‌； 与长难句分析结合，考查句子成分划分能力‌ 【情境解读】 【重难诠释】 中考英语定语从句考查重难点分析 ‌考查点‌ ‌典型例题‌ ‌重难点解析‌ ‌关联考点‌ ‌关系词选择‌ This is the school ‌where‌ I studied. ‌ 需区分关系代词（that/which/who）与关系副词（where/when/why）： 先行词在从句中作状语时用关系副词（如where表地点状语）；‌ 学生易混淆which与where（如将“the house ‌which‌ I live in”误写为“where”）‌ 名词性从句辨析 ‌ ‌限制性/非限制性从句‌ My sister, ‌who‌ works in Beijing, will visit me. ‌ 非限制性从句需用逗号隔开，且不可省略（如误用that替换which）；‌ 学生常忽略逗号导致逻辑错误（如将补充说明误判为限定性内容）‌ 标点符号与句子逻辑 ‌ ‌介词+关系代词结构‌ The house ‌in which‌ I live is old. ‌ 介词选择需匹配从句动词搭配（如live in→in which）；‌ 易错将介词置于从句末尾（如“which I live in”正确，但需注意书面语中前置更规范）‌ 动词短语与介词搭配 ‌ ‌只能用that的情况‌ This is ‌the best‌ movie ‌that‌ I have seen. ‌ 先行词被最高级（the best）、序数词（the first）或不定代词（all, everything）修饰时，必须用that‌； 学生易误用which（如“all which”应为“all that”）‌ 形容词比较级与最高级 ‌ ‌关系代词省略‌ The girl ‌(who/whom)‌ you met is my cousin. → 可省略who/whom ‌38 当关系代词作宾语且无介词时，可省略（如“the book (that) I bought”）‌； 学生常误加冗余关系词（如“This is the place where I visited”错误，应删去where）‌ 句子成分分析（主/宾/状语）‌ 【易错专攻】 ‌易错点‌ ‌典型错误示例‌ ‌错误原因解析‌ ‌应对策略‌ ‌关系词选择错误‌ This is the museum ‌which‌ I visited last year. [错误] （正确应为 ‌that/which‌）‌ 混淆关系代词（作宾语）与关系副词（作状语）。先行词为“museum”，从句中作宾语需用 ‌that/which‌，而非 ‌where‌。 1. ‌三步法判断‌： ①找先行词；②分析其在从句中的成分（主/宾/状语）；③选择对应关系词‌。 2. ‌对比练习‌：区分 where（状语）与 which/that（宾语）‌。 ‌限制性/非限制性从句混淆‌ My brother who is a doctor works in Shanghai. [错误] （正确应为 My brother, who...）‌ 缺少逗号导致逻辑歧义（暗示有多个兄弟）。非限制性从句需用逗号隔开，且不可用 ‌that‌‌。 1. ‌标点敏感训练‌：通过加逗号前后句意差异强化理解（如“限定范围” vs “补充说明”）‌。 2. ‌规则记忆‌：非限制性从句中只能用 ‌which/who‌，不可省略‌。 ‌“介词+关系代词”结构误用‌ The city ‌where‌ I come from is Beijing. [错误] （正确应为 ‌which/that‌ 或 from which）‌ ‌where‌ 不可直接接介词，需改为 ‌which/that‌ 或调整介词位置（如 from which）‌。 1. ‌结构拆分法‌：将介词还原至从句动词后（如 come from the city→which I come from）‌。 2. ‌书面语规范‌：优先使用 in which/from which 等前置结构‌。 ‌特殊规则遗漏（只能用that）‌ All ‌which‌ he said is true. [错误] （正确应为 ‌that‌）‌ 当先行词被最高级、序数词或不定代词（all/everything）修饰时，必须用 ‌that‌‌。 1. 最高级、序数词、不定代词，“that”不可替‌。 2. 收集含特殊规则的真题，强化敏感度‌。 ‌关系代词冗余或省略错误‌ This is the place ‌where‌ I visited. [错误] （正确应为 ‌that/which‌ 或省略）‌ ‌visited‌ 需宾语，‌where‌ 作状语不可用，应改为 ‌that/which‌ 或省略‌。 1. 判断从句是否缺主语/宾语（缺则需关系代词，不缺则用关系副词）‌。 2. 删除冗余词（如 where→无宾语则错误）‌ （建议用时：40分钟） 单项选择 1．Can you lend me the book ________ the other day? A．about which you talked B．which you talked C．about that you talked D．that you talked 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你能把你前几天谈到的那本书借给我吗？ 考查定语从句。根据“Can you lend me the book …the other day?”及选项可知，此处应是定语从句，固定短语talk about“谈论”，将介词about提到关系代词之前，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，介词后的关系代词只能用which或whom。故选A。 2．I like the farm ________ I visited last week. A．where B．that C．who D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我喜欢我上周参观的那个农场。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“the farm ... I visited last week”可知此处是定语从句，先行词the farm指地点，但在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。 3．— Dad, do you know that Pan Zhanle broke the world record in the men’s 100-metre freestyle? — That’s amazing. There are many other Chinese athletes like him. Success often comes to those ________ work hard and never give up! A．how B．what C．which D．who 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——爸爸，你知道潘展乐打破了男子100米自由泳的世界纪录吗？——太棒了。像他这样的中国运动员还有很多。成功往往属于那些努力工作、永不放弃的人！ 考查定语从句。how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；who谁。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词those指代前文提到的“像潘展乐这样的中国运动员”，指人，在从句中作主语，关系词用who，故选D。 4．— Do you remember the place _______ you visited last year? — Sure. I’ll never forget that place, because I stayed there for almost 10 years. A．who B．which C．whose D．what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你还记得去年你参观的地方吗？——当然。我将永远不会忘记那个地方，因为我在那待了差不多十年。 考查定语从句关系词。who先行词指人，在句中作主语或宾语；which先行词指物，在句中作主语、宾语等；whose先行词指人或物，在句中作定语；what不能作定语从句的关系词。根据“…you visited last year”可知原句是定语从句，先行词place为“物”，在从句中作宾语，故选B。 5．This is the only book ________ I find useful. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这是我发现的唯一有用的书。 考查定语从句。which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，指人或指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，在定语从句中作定语。根据the only可知，当先行词被the only修饰时， 关系词只能用that。故选B。 6．—Could you please have your hair cut as soon as possible? —Why? I like my hairstyle ________ it is now. A．since B．as C．unless D．when 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你能尽快理发吗？——为什么？我喜欢我现在的发型。 考查定语从句。since自从；as如，似，正像；unless除非；when当……时。分析句子结构可知，“…it is now”是定语从句修饰“my hairstyle”作定语，进一步说明我的头发，即现在的发型，因此as引导定语从句，故选B。 7．China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受资）, the CFO of ByteDance. A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that 【答案】A 【解析】句意：中国反对美国对TikTok的行动。“许多被指出的风险根本不是真的。”字节跳动首席财务官周受资说。 考查介词辨析以及定语从句。against反对；for为了。根据“China is…the US’ action on TikTok”可知，中国在反对美国对TikTok的行动，所以第一空填against。第二空所在句子是定语从句，先行词risks是指物，在从句中作主语，用关系词that，故选A。 8．Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan ________ you can use for your report? A．who B．how C．which D．where 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你找到了可以用来做你的报告的云南那位叫张桂梅的校长的资料了吗？ 考查定语从句。分析句子成分和“Have you found the information about the headmaster called Zhang Guimei in Yunnan...you can use for your report”可知，空格处为定语从句的引导词，从句缺宾语，且先行词为the information，故应用关系代词中的that或which。故选C。 9．I went to talk with Nancy and was surprised by her words ________ made me realize ________ silly mistakes I had made. A．what; which B．which; what C．which; which D．what; what 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我去和南希谈话，她的话使我惊讶，这使我意识到我犯了多么愚蠢的错误。 考查定语从句和宾语从句。what“什么”；which“哪一个”。空一为定语从句，先行词“her words”指物，故关系词用which；再根据“realize”为动词，故判断“...silly mistakes I had made”为宾语从句，连接词应用what，在宾语从句中作“made”的宾语。故选B。 10．China is getting better at making the most popular high-tech products ________ can be bought in all parts of the world. A．who B．which C．what D．that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：中国在生产最受人欢迎的高科技产品方面正做得更好，这些产品在世界各地都能买到。 考查定语从句。who在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代人；which在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代物；what不能引导定语从句；that在定语从句中作主语或宾语，指代物。根据“the most popular high-tech products ... can be bought”可知，先行词是products，空格上需填一个代替先行词且在从句中作主语的关系代词，用that或which，又因为先行词被形容词最高级所修饰，只能用that引导定语从句。故选D。 11．On the top of the hill ________ an ancient tower ________ was built 500 years ago. A．standing; that B．stood; which C．lay; / D．lied; / 【答案】B 【解析】句意：山顶上矗立着一座500年前建造的古塔。 考查动词辨析和定语从句。Stood（stand的过去式）矗立，处于，站立；lay（lie的过去式）位于，坐落在；lied（lie的过去式）撒谎。分词句子可知，此句是定语从句，主句缺少谓语动词，第一空格处用谓语动词，standing是非谓语动词，排除A，结合“On the top of the hill …an ancient tower”可知古塔坐落在山顶上，stood或lay符合题意，排除D。定语从句缺少关系词，定语从句的先行词“an ancient tower”是物，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用that或which引导，排除C。故选B。 12．—Do you know Zhang Guimei ________ was honored as one of the “People Who Moved China”? —Yes, she created the first free high school for girls in mountain areas and has helped more than 1,800 students to go to college. A．which B．whose C．whom D．who 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你知道被誉为 “感动中国人物”之一的张桂梅吗？——是的，她为山区女孩创建了第一所免费高中，并帮助1800多名学生上了大学。 考查定语从句关系词。which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁，作宾语；who谁，作主语。根据“Do you know Zhang Guimei ... was honored as one of the ‘People Who Moved China’ ”可知，该句为定语从句，先行词指人，且从句缺少主语，故关系词应用who。故选D。 13．Confucius (孔子) is one of China’s greatest thinkers and educators ________ have become popular with many people in the world. A．who B．which C．that D．what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：孔子是中国最伟大的思想家和教育家之一，在世界上受到许多人的欢迎。 考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，指人，也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；分析句子可知，从句缺主语，先行词是one of China’s greatest thinkers and educators，指人，且被最高级修饰，关系代词只能用that。故选C。 14．—Have you seen the film Hi, Mom directed by Jia Ling? —Yes. It’s the best one ________ I have ever seen. A．what B．which C．that D．who 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你看过贾玲导演的电影《你好，李焕英》吗？——是的。这是我看过的最好的电影。 考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句；which关系代词，先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，先行词是人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；who关系代词，先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语。此句先行词是不定代词one，前面被形容词的最高级best修饰，关系词只能用that，故选C。 15．We should value the friendship ________ we have developed in the past years. A．that B．who C．whose D．what 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我们应该珍惜在过去几年里已经发展起来的友谊。 考查定语从句。that关系代词，指代人或物；who关系代词，指代人；whose关系代词，指代“……的”；what疑问代词，不能引导定语从句。the friendship为名词，其后可带定语从句修饰它。先行词the friendship指物，从句中缺少指代物且在句子充当宾语的关系代词。故选A。 16．Women __________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart diseases than __________ who don’t. A．who; that B．/; these C．who; those D．/;/ 【答案】C 【解析】句意：每天喝两杯以上咖啡的女性比不喝咖啡的女性患心脏病的几率更大。 考查关系词以及指示代词的用法。第一空所在句子是定语从句，先行词women是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句。比较级的句子中，用that或those指代前文提到的名词，第二空指代不喝咖啡的女性，复数形式应填those，故选C。 17．—Is the woman ______ walked past just now your teacher? —Yes, she teaches ______ English and we all love her very much. A．which; our B．who; us C．which; us D．that; our 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——刚才走过的那个女人是你的老师吗？——是的，她教我们英语，我们都非常喜欢她。 考查定语从句以及代词辨析。第一空所在句子是定语从句，先行词woman是指人，在从句中作主语，应用who或that引导定语从句，排除A和C选项。us我们，人称代词宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词。第二空位于动词teach后，应填人称代词宾格作宾语，故选B。 18．Puberty is the stage of life _______ young people leave children and head into adulthood. A．until B．whether C．because D．when 【答案】D 【解析】句意：青春期是年轻人离开孩子进入成年的人生阶段。 考查定语从句关系副词辨析。until直到；whether是否；because因为；when什么时候。根据“young people leave children and head into adulthood”可知，定语主谓宾完整，所以缺少状语；根据先行词“the stage of life”可知，是时间，所以应该使用when。故选D。 19．I can’t understand the book ________. A．which writes by her B．who wrote it last year C．which was brought by her D．she brought it 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我看不懂她带来的那本书。 考查定语从句。定语从句先行词“the book”指物，用which或that引导定语从句，排除B；“by her”用于被动语态，排除A；D项中it句子成分重复，排除D。故选C。 20．I hope you’ll remember the important people in your lives ________ helped and supported you. A．which B．what C．who D．when 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我希望你们能记住生命中那些帮助和支持你们的重要人物。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词people指人，在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句，故选C。 21．—Have you heard of the story of Mulan? —Of course. Mulan is a brave girl ________ takes her father’s place to fight in the army. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你听说过木兰的故事吗？——当然。木兰是一个勇敢的女孩，她代替父亲参军。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“a brave girl ... takes her father’s place to fight in the army”可知此处是定语从句，先行词“a brave girl”指人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选B。 22．—Do you know when our Chinese National Symbol of Day (国家公祭日) is? —Yes, it’s on December 13th. It’s in memory of the people ________ were killed in Nanjing Massacre. A．that B．what C．which D．/ 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你知道我们中国的国家公祭日是什么时候吗？——是的，12月13日。这是为了纪念在南京大屠杀中遇难的人们。 考查定语从句。先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系词that引导定语从句，故选A。 23．Now China is one of the few nations _________ can produce COVID-19 vaccines（疫苗）on a large scale（大批量）. A．that B．where C．who D．what 【答案】A 【解析】句意：现在中国是少数几个能够大规模生产新冠疫苗的国家之一。 考查定语从句的关系词。此处是定语从句，先行词“one of the few nations”是指物，在从句中作主语，所以用that引导定语从句，故选A。 24．Do you know the way to the company ________ your father works? A．that B．which C．in which D．in what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：你知道去你爸爸工作的公司的路吗? 本题考查定语从句的关系词。先行词company“公司”是地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，关系副词使用where或者in which。故选C。 25．Jane is the one ________ is good at Chinese calligraphy (书法) in our class. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】句意：简是我们班中国书法很好的那个人 。 考查定语从句。which哪个，先行词是物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语；who谁，先行词是人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语；whom谁，先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语；whose谁的，先行词是人，在定语从句中作定语。根据先行词“the one”可知，先行词是人，且在从句中作主语，因此是who。故选B。 26．The victim wanted to report the crime ________ his boss had committed to the police. A．which B．whom C．who D．what 【答案】A 【解析】句意：受害者想向警方报告他老板犯下的罪行。 考查定语从句关系词。根据“the crime ... his boss had committed”可知此处用定语从句，先行词“the crime”指物，且在从句中作宾语，用which引导定语从句。故选A。 27．—Why don’t you like playing chess? —Playing chess is an activity ________ needs much patience. But I’m not patient at all. A．which B．what C．who D．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你为什么不喜欢下棋？——下棋是一项需要很大耐心的活动。但是我一点耐心都没有。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，先行词是物，在定语从句中充当主语和宾语；what不可以引导定语从句，但可以引导名词性从句；who引导定语从句，先行词是人，在定语从句中充当主语和宾语；where引导定语从句，先行词是地点，在定语从句中充当状语。本题先行词是“an activity”，是物，且从句中缺少主语，因此用关系代词which。故选A。 28．The birthday cake ________ last night has gone bad. I have to throw it away. A．which I bought it B．I bought C．what I bought D．I bought it 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我昨晚买的生日蛋糕坏了。我得把它扔掉。 考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词是The birthday cake，引导词在从句中作宾语，可用that/which引导，引导词作宾语时，可省略。故选B。 29．I will never forget the day________ we spent in the old town with small houses A．who B．whom C．that D．what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我永远不会忘记我们在老城的小房子里度过的那一天。 考查定语从句。who谁；whom谁，宾格；that那个；what什么。分析句子结构可知，此句是一个定语从句，从句缺少“spent”的宾语，且先行词是“the day”，因此用关系代词“that”。故选C。 30．We’ll never forget the heroes ________ bring people hope in difficult times. A．which B．whom C．whose D．who 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们永远不会忘记在困难时期为人民带来希望的英雄们。 考查定语从句。本句含定语从句，先行词是“the heroes”，指人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选D。 31．Most students like the teachers ________ understand them well. A．which B．who C．whose D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：大多数学生喜欢理解他们的老师。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，先行词是“teachers”，且关系代词在句中作主语，因此关系代词用who。故选B。 32．—Do you know Li Ziqi? —Of course. She is a beautiful girl ________ has made many videos to show a traditional Chinese way of life. A．what B．/ C．which D．who 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你认识李子柒吗？——当然。她是一个美丽的女孩，她制作了许多视频来展示中国传统的生活方式。 考查定语从句关系词。根据题意是缺少定语从句关系词，what不能引导定语从句；which定语从句关系词，先行词指物，who定语从句关系词，先行词指人，先行词是a beautiful girl可知，关系词用who，在定语从句中作主语，故选D。 33．— Can you say something about Li Lanjuan? — Of course. She is the bravest doctor ________ all the Chinese are proud of fights against the novel coronavirus. A．who B．whom C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你能介绍一下李兰娟吗？——当然。她是所有中国人为抗击新冠肺炎而自豪的最勇敢的医生。 考查定语从句。who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语；whose关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语；that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。句子先行词是doctor，指人，且先行词被形容词最高级形式修饰，关系词应用that。故选D。 34．I’m the only person ________ can paint the fence right. A．whom B．which C．that D．what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我是唯一能把栅栏漆好的人。 考查定语从句。本句是定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，先行词有the only修饰，只能用that，故选C。 35．There are many works of art in the museum _______we will visit tomorrow. A．where B．who C．which D．what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：博物馆里有许多艺术品，我们明天要去参观。 考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词museum是指物，在从句中作宾语，用which或that引导定语从句，故选C。 36．—What kind of movies do you prefer? —I prefer the movies ________ me something to think about. A．which give B．that gives C．what give D．who gives 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——你更喜欢哪种电影？——我更喜欢能给我带来一些思考的电影。 考查定语从句。此定语从句的先行词是movies，复数的物，定语从句中缺少句子的主语，所以用which或that，在从句中做主语；先行词是复数，从句谓语动词用原形。故选A。 37．Is this the best museum ________ you visited last year? A．that B．what C．where D．which 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这是你去年参观过的最好的博物馆吗？ 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是museum，关联词在定语从句中作宾语，所以可用that/which，因为先行词被最高级修饰，所以此处关联词只能用that。故选A。 38．I like to live in a house ________ is big and bright. A．who B．where C．that D．why 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我喜欢住在一个大而明亮的房子。 考查定语从句。who关系代词，指人，作主语和宾语；where关系副词，作状语；that关系代词，指人或物，作主语和宾语；why关系副词，作状语。根据题干可知，先行词为house，表示物，空处在从句中作主语，结合选项，只有C选项符合，故选C。 39．—Have you heard the latest news ________ is about the Chinese surveying team to remeasure the height of Mount Qomolangma? —Yes, and I ________ the climbers. A．that; took pride in B．which; take proud in C．that; am proud of D．that; was proud of 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你听说过中国测绘队重新测量珠穆朗玛峰高度的最新消息吗？——是的，我为登山者感到骄傲。 考查定语从句和时态。take pride in和be proud of均为“为……感到骄傲”。第一空考查定语从句，先行词为“the latest news”，含最高级，所以关系词只能用that。根据“is about…”可知，此句应用一般现在时。故选C。 40．—Did you have a good time with your old classmates last night? —Yes, of course. We talked a lot about the things and the people ________ are still clear in our minds. A．who B．which C．/ D．that 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——昨晚你和你的老同学玩得开心吗？  ——当然了。我们谈论了很多记忆犹新的人事。 考查定语从句。作为定语从句的关系词，who先行词是人，在从句中做主语；which先行词是物，在从句中做主语或宾语；that先行词是人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语。此题的先行词the things and the people 是并列结构，即有人又有物，因而定语从句只能用that引导。故选D。 41．Extreme（极端的）weather hit the area during the race ________ was held on May 22, 2021 in the Yellow River Stone Forest tourist site in Jingtai county, Baiyin city. A．who B．where C．which D．what 【答案】C 【解析】句意：2021年5月22日，在白银市景泰县黄河石林景区举行的比赛期间，极端天气袭击了该地区。 考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词the race是指物，在从句中作主语，用关系词which，故选C。 42．We will never forget the teachers and classmates ________ have helped and supported us. A．which B．who C．when D．where 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我们永远不会忘记帮助和支持我们的老师和同学。 考查定语从句。which用于先行词是物时；who用于先行词是人时；when用于先行词表时间时；where用于先行词表地点时。本句先行词“ teachers and classmates”指人，且在定语从句中充当主语，关系词需用who。故选B。 43．I’d like to express my thanks to everyone ________ served the community. A．which B．who C．where D．when 【答案】B 【解析】句意：我想对每一个为社区服务的人表示感谢。 考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，everyone是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选B。 44．Tom survived when the car ________ he was a passenger in turned off the road and broke down. A．where B．that C．as D．why 【答案】B 【解析】句意：汤姆乘坐的那辆车拐出了路，抛锚了，他幸免于难。 考查定语从句。where关系副词，作地点状语；that关系代词，指人或物，作主语或宾语；as关系代词或关系副词，作主语、宾语、状语或表语；why关系副词，作原因状语；分子句子可知，先行词是the car，在从句中作in的宾语，应用that引导定语从句，故选B。 45．To stop the spread of COVID-19, anyone ________ enters the school must have his or her temperature taken. A．when B．whom C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了阻止COVID-19的传播，所有进入学校的人都必须测量体温。 考查定语从句。when用于先行词表时间时；whom用于先行词是人时，在从句中作宾语；who用于先行词是人时，在从句中作主语或宾语；which用于先行词是物时。先行词anyone指任何人，是不定代词，作从句主语，故选C。 46．Ben plans to visit ________ this weekend. He can’t wait to enjoy the famous painting Mona Lisa there. A．a park that has many kinds of flowers B．her grandfather who lives in a village C．a museum that is full of great art works D．Mr. Green who is going back to the USA 【答案】C 【解析】句意：本计划这个周末参观一个博物馆，那里有很多伟大的艺术作品。他迫不及待地想在那里欣赏名画《蒙娜丽莎》。 考查定语从句。根据下句“He can’t wait to enjoy the famous painting Mona Lisa there.”可知，Ben应该去参观跟画有关的话题，结合选项可知，只有C项中提到art works，意为“艺术作品”。故选C。 47．Confucius is one of China’s greatest thinkers and educators ________ have become popular with many people in the world. A．that B．which C．whom D．where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：孔子是中国最伟大的思想家和教育家之一，并受到世界上许多人的喜爱。 考查定语从句。that先行词可以是人或物；which先行词是物；whom先行词是人，在定语从句中作宾语；where先行词是地点。根据句子成分分析可知，横线处到句末为定语从句，修饰先行词“thinkers and educators”；指人，因为此处先行词被形容词最高级所修饰，所以常用关系代词that引导此定语从句。故选A。 48．— According to the survey, women ________ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a great chance of having heart disease than ________ who don’t. — Oh, really? How great he is! A．who, that B．/, these C．who, those D．/, / 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——通过调查，每天喝咖啡超过两杯的女士比那些不喝咖啡的人有更大的几率得心脏病。      ——哦，真的吗？他真了不起！ 考查定语从句和关系代词。分析句子结构可知，本句中的“…drink more than two cups of coffee a day”在复合句中作定语从句，由于先行词women为下文定语从句的逻辑主语，且指人，所以引导定语从句的关系代词用that/who；第二个空为了避免重复用those代替前面的名词women。  故选C。 49．Mr. George is the only teacher ________ can speak two foreign languages in our school. A．where B．when C．whose D．who 【答案】D 【解析】句意：乔治先生是我们学校唯一会说两种外语的老师。 考查定语从句。where哪里；when何时；whose谁的；who谁。本题考查定语从句，先行词是the only teacher，表示人，且关系词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导。故选D。 50．The film ________ we saw last night was wonderful. A．who B．whose C．where D．which 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们昨晚看的电影很精彩。 考查定语从句。作为定语从句的关系词，who先行词是人，在从句中做主语；whose用来指人或物，(只用作定语)；where哪里，指地点；which先行词是物，在从句中做主语或宾语。本题的先行词是the film，表示物，且关系词在从句中做宾语，故用关系代词which。故选D。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$