考题猜想02 阅读理解 C、D篇专项10篇-2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期中考点大串讲（外研版2019）

专题02 阅读理解C、D篇专项训练 1 （24-25高一上·江西·阶段练习）Heat waves don’t just make bumblebees (大黄蜂) hot. High temperatures also seem to seriously reduce their sense of smell, which can be very bad for their survival. For bumblebees, being able to smell flowers is a matter of life or death because it helps them find food. Bumblebees are already known to suffer from climate change. So, an insect ecologist from the University of Würzburg in Germany and her team wanted to understand if heat waves could influence bumblebees’ ability to smell flowers. The researchers put around 190 bumblebees from two common species into small special rooms for almost three hours at temperatures of 40°C to simulate (模拟) heat waves. Some bumblebees were also put in a dry environment; some had ways to sugary resources; some were given time to recover at normal temperatures for 24 hours after the heat treatment. After the simulated heat waves, the researchers cut off the bumblebees’ antennae (触须), which they use to smell, and measured whether the olfactory sensory neurons (the cells that help them smell) in the antennae could still detect flower scents. The heat waves reduced the bumblebees’ ability to smell by up to 80 percent. Worker bumblebees, which are all female, were more affected than male bumblebees. Even worse, the antennae of the bumblebees that had 24 hours to cool off still didn’t recover their sense of smell after that time. “That was surprising,” said the insect ecologist. This suggests the bumblebees don’t recover quickly, which means they might have trouble finding food. “It could be one reason why we see so many bumblebee’s population drops,” she added, along with other factors like habitat loss. “The study seems pretty reliable,” said a bumblebee ecologist from the University of Sussex in Brighton, England, who didn’t take part in the study. “The antennae are quite similar across bee species,” he added. “If bumblebees suffer in this way, I think it’s probable that other bees would too. But we won’t know for sure until someone does research on it.” 1．What problem might bumblebees face in the end because of heat waves? A．Habitat loss. B．Death risk. C．Food shortage. D．Sensory failure. 2．Why were some bumblebees given 24 hours to recover after the treatment? A．To count their number and species. B．To prevent the researchers making mistakes. C．To make sure they can adapt to the environment. D．To prove if hot waves damage their sense of smell. 3．What does the insect ecologist think of the research result? A．It leads to a good method. B．It goes beyond her control. C．It limits the scientific research. D．It takes researchers’ doubts away. 4．What can we learn about other bees according to the bumblebee ecologist? A．There is still a lot to study. B．They will suffer from death. C．They will be well protected. D．More researchers are studying them. 2 （24-25高一上·山东青岛·期末）For various purposes such as environment protection, pest management, and economic gains, humans often relocate animals and plants to new regions. However, when these non-native species (物种) break into their new environment, they become known as invasive (入侵) species, which in some cases may dramatically change the natural landscape. Native species are part of an ecosystem through natural processes. Non-native or introduced species, on the other hand, are found outside their normal range due to human activity. While not all introduced species become invasive, those that do, negatively impact their new environment and other life forms. Often developing quickly due to the absence of natural enemies, these invasive species can outcompete and displace native plants and wildlife. As a result, they damage ecosystems by changing habitats, competing for resources, and introducing new diseases and is a possible risk to biodiversity (生物多样性). Human activities are the primary cause of invasive species spread, both intentionally and accidentally. Climate change may exacerbate the problem, allowing more species to spread further. Understanding new species’ behavior is important, followed by control measures if they become invasive. Stephanie Holt, a UK Biodiversity Training Manager at the Natural History Museum, says that climate change is likely to result in animals and plants moving around the world, but that it’s not always going to be a bad thing. “Species heading into the UK as a result of climate change need to be monitored in case they do become harmfully invasive — but not all of them will.” she says, “If we’re thinking about global species protection goals, not all species movement is a bad thing, as species adapt and change.” As climates change, adaptive protection approaches are necessary to ensure biodiversity in the movement of species. Governments must play a role, and public awareness is also important in managing the spread of invasive species, as informed communities can contribute to early and quick action. 1．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A．The benefits of introducing new species. B．The role of native species in ecosystems. C．The problematic nature of invasive species. D．The effects of human activities on the environment. 2．What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Shape. B．Put an end to. C．Worsen. D．Bring back. 3．What does Stephanie think of species movement? A．It is hard to control. B．It is not always negative. C．It is driven by climate change. D．It weakens the species’ adaptability. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Global Impact of Invasive Species B．Invasive Species: Challenges and Solutions C．The Role of Human Activity in Ecosystems D．Invasive Species: A Global Economic Benefit 3 （24-25高一上·广东广州·阶段练习）In 1240, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II built Castel del Monte on a lonely hill in central Puglia, where he had a perfect view of approaching enemies. He probably never imagined the enemies might be tourists one day. But these days, the old castle has been polished clean, and hundreds of multicolored Pullman buses snake up the winding roads to its grounds, now filled with T-shirt stands, Coca-Cola signs and a 200-car parking lot. All this thanks to the fact that UNESCO has designated (认定) it a World Heritage Site in 1996. Officially, UNESCO honors places that exemplify an area’s ancestry, with the purpose of ensuring they are preserved. Unofficially, this designation is a kind of fairy dust that often turns little-known cultural sites into overnight tourist sensations. This is both a gift and a cuss. Lisa Mastny, senior adviser to the World Watch Institute, says tourism is double-edged for places considered of “outstanding value to humanity. It offers many poor communities the chance to obtain financial rewards, but also threatens the very resources — human and natural — upon which the industry is ultimately built”. There is growing awareness that assigning UNESCO designation is worthless or worse, harmful — without some kind of follow-up preservation program. “In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King, director of the sites unit at the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). In Africa, a 12-year training program is currently underway to teach locals not only how to preserve their immovable cultural heritage, but how to use it for economic development. In Eastern Europe, where tourism is a relatively new thing, cities are looking for help in figuring out where to draw the line between preserving historical centers and promoting urban development. 1．What can we learn about Castel del Monte? A．It was built to enjoy the view. B．It has become a hot tourist spot. C．It has to make way for a shopping mall. D．It failed to win UNESCO designation in 1996. 2．Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cuss” in paragraph 2? A．Drawback. B．Promise. C．Solution. D．Chance. 3．How does the author support King’s words in the last paragraph? A．By quoting experts. B．By analyzing cause and effect. C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons. 4．Which of the following statements may Joseph King agree with? A．UNESCO designation needs follow-up preservation. B．UNESCO turns unknown sites into tourist attractions. C．Tourism offers financial rewards but also posing threats. D．Africa has balanced heritage preservation and urban development. 4 （24-25高二上·山东潍坊·期中）Pushed by the rapid pace of today’s fashion industry, it’s no wonder many clothes buyers find themselves with a “closet (衣橱) of regrets”. All the clothes that don’t get worn can hang heavy on a consumer’s mind until finally thrown away. The trouble is, “There’s no ‘away’ for your clothes,” says Maxine Bédat, author of a 2021 book, Unraveled: The Life and Death of a Garment, and an activist trying to change the industry’s wasteful ways. A few statistics tell the story. Fashion is responsible for about 10% of the carbon emissions (排放物) that are tipping our planet toward climate disaster. It produces 20% of all industrial water pollution. And it creates unimaginable quantities of rubbish, with about a garbage truck of clothes burnt or buried in a landfill every second. Although some companies have voluntarily tried to minimize their environmental and social impact, little progress has been made. So, a bill known as the New York Fashion Act was introduced. It would help consumers better understand the impact of their purchases and require every large multinational fashion name operating in the state to map their global supply chains, disclose their environmental and social impacts, and set targets to cut emissions. Failure to meet the targets could bring a 2% fine on annual turnover. However, the bill is pro-business, argues Ms. Bédat, who worked with the bill’s co-sponsors to craft the measure, because it would level the playing field for companies to operate at the same environmental standards. Ms. Bédat is looking beyond the “more” of fashion to how people value their clothes. Her book closes with a vision of a future when “we will love our clothes because we have seized control of our own attention and removed the noise in our inboxes and on our social media channels that had taken our attention from our true needs and desires. And we bought them not to fill other holes in our lives, but from an aware and informed mindset.” That could be just enough to clear out anyone’s “closet of regrets.” 1 ．What does the underlined word “story” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Regrets left by over-consumption, B．Worries generated by abandoning clothes. C．Anxiety produced by falling behind the trend. D．Problems caused by the fast-paced fashion industry, 2．What does the New York Fashion Act aim to achieve? A．Boost sales for fashion companies. B．Regulate global fashion supply chains, C．Raise environmental awareness of buyers and producers. D．Limit the expansion of the fashion companies in New York. 3．What does Bédat think of the bill to the fashion companies? A．Fair. B．Costly. C．Complex. D．Demanding. 4．How can the “closet of regrets” be reduced according to Bédat? A．Follow trends and buy more clothes. B．Value needs and make wise purchases. C．Plan budgets and shop eco-consciously. D．Stress functionality and cut down on buying. 5 （24-25高三上·江苏南通·期中）In recent years, there has been a significant shift towards adopting eco-friendly practices and promoting sustainable lifestyles. This global trend is fueled by various factors, ranging from heightened environmental awareness to economic advantages. A primary driver behind the rise of green living is the increasing awareness of environmental issues, particularly the urgent need to address climate change. As people become more informed about the harmful effects of carbon emissions, deforestation, and pollution, there is a collective push toward adopting practices that minimize ecological impact. Beyond environmental concerns, there are some economic motives driving the shift toward sustainability. For instance, energy-efficient technologies and practices can significantly reduce utility bills over time, making them financially advantageous for homeowners and businesses alike. Additionally, governments and organizations often offer some financial stimuli such as tax credits and subsidies (补贴) to encourage the development and adoption of renewable energy sources. For example, solar energy has emerged as a front runner in the renewable energy sector, attracting widespread interest from homeowners and businesses seeking clean energy solutions. Solar panels use sunlight to generate electricity, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuels. The declining costs of solar technology, coupled with advancements in efficiency and storage capabilities, have made solar panels increasingly practical and cost-effective. Consumer attitudes and preferences are also factors driving the demand for sustainable products and services. Millennials (千禧一代) and Generation Z, in particular, prioritize environmental responsibility and prefer to support businesses that demonstrate a commitment to sustainability. This shift has urged businesses across various sectors to integrate eco-friendly practices into their operations, from sustainable sourcing to waste reduction initiatives. Moreover, the power of social influence cannot be underestimated in shaping consumer behavior towards sustainability. Social media platforms and online communities arouse awareness about environmental issues and show innovative green solutions. Individuals are increasingly motivated by peer examples, fostering a collective movement towards greener lifestyles. These living practices reflects a global commitment to sustainability. By choosing to integrate sustainable practices and technologies into everyday life, individuals and communities can contribute to lessening climate change and creating a healthier planet for future generations. 1．What is the result when the government offers financial stimuli according to the text? A．Green energy will be more accessible and affordable. B．It will bring too much financial burden to the government. C．Technology companies will make much progress in their field. D．Traditional fossil fuels will give way to renewable energy entirely. 2．What is true about the consumer behavior according to paragraphs 5 and 6? A．Older generations have a more sustainable lifestyle. B．Peers make little difference in shaping consumer behavior. C．Social influence promises to drive changes in consumer preferences. D．The eco-friendly practices of companies cause the shift of consumer behavior. 3．What is the purpose of the text? A．To initiate a process. B．To list some reasons. C．To address concerns.    ` D．To analyze a dilemma. 4．What is the suitable title of the text? A．Keeping Sustainable Development: The Strategic Goals for the Globe. B．Protecting the Environment: An Everlasting Topic throughout the World. C．Promoting Ourselves: A Better and More Advanced World in Store for Us. D．Embracing Green Living: The Growing Movement towards Sustainability. 6 （24-25高一上·江苏南通·阶段练习）Mosquitoes (蚊子) carry malaria (疟疾), which kills thousands of people each year. Now some researchers are trying to use genetic engineering (基因工程) to make them into partners in the fight against the disease. For years, public health officials have tried to limit the disease by controlling mosquito populations. “But that approach is short-term,” says Anthony James, a professor of biology and genetics at the University of California, Irvine, “because mosquitoes are very tough little insects, and their populations can quickly increase.” Therefore, James and his colleagues want to try a different approach: making mosquitoes themselves into malaria-fighting warriors, which is completely different from traditional ways of controlling malaria. To understand how it works, it helps to understand the life cycle of malaria. The malaria pathogen (病原体) is a parasite (寄生虫) that grow inside humans. It’s passed via mosquitoes that move from person to person, sucking blood. “If we can make the mosquitoes difficult for the pathogens to survive, we can wipe out the disease,” he says. But making mosquitoes uninviting to malaria is a Herculean task. To solve the problem, the team used a gene-editing technique called CRISPR. They started with genes from mice, whose immune systems do fight human malaria, engineered those genes, and then gave them to the mosquitoes. It turned out the gene-edited mosquitoes worked very well. They reduced the number of parasites in the mosquito before they were passed to a human host. James’ team are now working on planning a field trial, which he hopes could be done on an island or in another isolated location. But genetically changing wild animals does not sit well with environmentalists. “There’s no need to engineer a mosquito,” says Dana Perls, senior program manager for the emerging technology program at the non-profit Friends of the Earth. Perls points out that natural ways to reduce malaria appear to be showing promise, as does a new vaccine (疫苗) against the disease. “Why take unnecessary risks and use mosquitoes that can’t be controlled once sent into the wild?” she asks. 1．What can we know from the second and third paragraphs? A．Mosquitoes can reproduce quickly. B．Mosquitoes can be easily controlled. C．Mosquitoes have killed thousands of people. D．Mosquitoes have been used to fight against malaria. 2．What does the underlined phrase “a Herculean task” in Para.4 mean? A．A great comfort. B．A tough job. C．A narrow escape. D．A key factor. 3．What is environmentalists’ attitude towards this new approach? A．Unconcerned. B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Unclear. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Preventing Malaria with a New Vaccine. B．Curing Malaria with Gene-edited mosquitoes. C．Limiting Malaria by Controlling Mosquito Populations D．Controlling Malaria by Engineering Mosquitoes’ Genes 7 （23-24高一下·山东潍坊·期末）Killer whales are mama’s boys. A son will follow his mother, taking bits of fish and other food, throughout his life, even as his sisters grow up and have babies of their own. This neediness comes at a significant cost to mom, who gives up having additional children to look after her boy, according to a new study. Michael Weiss has observed the mother-son bond in killer whale groups off the Pacific coast of North America. “It’s kind of wild,” says the behavioral ecologist. These animals live for decades, yet even fully grown males “act like little kids around their mom, rolling around and swimming right beside and behind her like they're still babies”. Weiss wanted to know whether these high-maintenance children came at a cost — particularly, whether they hurt a mother’s ability to raise more children. He and colleagues studied 40 years’ worth of data on three Pacific pods (小群动物), social groups typically consisting of a couple dozen killer whale mothers and sons that traveled and hunted fish together. Sure enough, the team found a “huge effect”, Weiss says. In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says. The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth, her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units. His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition. The team didn’t establish exactly how sons prevented their mothers from having more babies. Weiss says he hopes to do more research across populations, and in different species of whales. But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom. “In other animals,” he says, “at some point, you just stop relying on your mom as much.” 1．What can we learn about a mother killer whale’s chance of having more babies? A．It is independent of her son’s age. B．A mother of a son won’t have another baby. C．A mother of daughters has the least chance. D．It changes with the social structure of the pod. 2．What can be inferred from the research? A．Male killer wales can’t grow fully. B．Male killer wales are precious in their social structure. C．Baby killer wales live with their grandmother. D．Baby killer wales compete against their father for food. 3．Why do mother killer whales favor their boys? A．To increase the pod’s population. B．To compete with other pods. C．To gain support from boys. D．To save food. 4．What does Weiss think of the mother-son bond in killer whale groups? A．It is extremely rare in nature. B．It shows that killer whales have feelings. C．It doesn’t exist in other species of whales. D．It slows male killer whales’ development. 8 （24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）Today’s Olympic Games are a technological marvel. Slow-motion cameras capture the milliseconds-long difference between first and second place. Wearable sensors detect clean hits in fencing or tae kwon do. Technology and sport are tightly linked, but controversy (争议) arises when technology enhances athletic performance, sometimes called “technological doping (兴奋剂).” This refers to using apparel (服装) or equipment to gain an unfair advantage. Unlike drug doping, monitored by an international agency, legal apparel and equipment are decided by each sport’s governing body. It’s up to these bodies to put in place technical requirements for equipment use in their sport and enforce these requirements. But there’s no standardized rules across sports to disqualify an item based on its degree of enhancement, cost or exclusivity (排他性). Consequently, decisions to ban an item from competition are often made retroactively. At the 2008 Beijing Olympics, 94% of swimming gold medals were won by athletes wearing the Speedo LZR Racer swimsuit, engineered to reduce drag. It was worn by athletes who set 23 new world records. Many labeled it technological doping, so World Aquatics banned full-body swimsuits from competition. The running equivalent (对等物) of the LZR Racer, Nike’s tailored shoe for Eliud Kipchoge, helped him achieve a sub-two-hour marathon in 2019. Its commercial version, Nike Vaporfly, led to numerous long-distance world records. These super shoes feature energy-returning midsole foam, a curved rigid plate, and a shape that rolls a runner forward, improving running economy by 4% on average. Other brands have since released super shoes, but some research suggests they don’t match Nike Vaporflys in performance. Differences in access to the best equipment have long been a source of inequality in elite sport (高水平竞技体育), worsened by technological doping, where brand exclusivity and high costs limit access. Andy Miah, a professor at the University of Salford, believes this technological race is natural in elite sport. “Resisting technology in athletics may be fruitless, as elite performances are a combination of biological capability and technological training.” Miah says, “In fact, being a genius athlete is a very unnatural way of life — but that doesn’t make it bad.” 1．What does the underlined word “retroactively” in the third paragraph most likely mean? A．Afterwards B．Ineffectively C．Ahead D．Temporarily 2．Which of the following is TRUE about the Speedo LZR Racer swimsuit mentioned in the passage? A．It was allowed in all swimming competitions after 2008. B．It was designed to reduce drag force and improve performance. C．It was banned before any Olympic records were broken. D．Its fabric played the most significant role in the drag reduction. 3．How does Andy Miah seem to feel about the integration of technology in elite sports? A．Skeptical, fearing it could harm the integrity of sports B．Supportive, seeing it as a natural progression in elite athletics C．Indifferent, viewing it as a natural part of modern sports D．Concerned, believing it might create an uneven playing field 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Nike, the Biggest Winner ever in History B．The Very Two Sides to Technological Doping C．Technology, an Unfair Competitive Advantage D．A Form of Doping, or a Reality of Modern Sport? 9 （23-24高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习）A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages to help change our ecological impact on our Earth. Aza Raskin is the co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project (ESP), a non-profit that uses a form of artificial intelligence (AI) to translate non-human languages. ESP wants to use its machine learning technology to translate and make this vital information widely available (可得到的) to the public. Raskin emphasized their goal to help conservation by explaining, “The end we are working towards is, can we decode animal communication, discover the non-human language. Along the way and equally important is that we are developing technology that supports biologists and conservation now,” ESP believes that understanding languages can help deepen our relationship with animals and allow us to more efficiently protect them. In the past, understanding the communication of animals was based on long and boring observation. From primate calls of alarms to dolphin whistles, scientists have been fascinated by the different forms of non-human communication present in these animals. With the development of new technologies, researchers have now begun to understand the huge amounts of data available through machine learning. Elodie Briefer, an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen, has recently helped co-develop a pig grunt analyzing software that helps scientists understand whether the pigs are expressing positive or negative emotions. In contrast, ESP is approaching decoding differently, by focusing on all species, not just one. The Earth Species Project believes that there is a likelihood that social species communicate with each other, for instance, whales and dolphins. Although the Earth Species Project believe that understanding AI machine learning data is only one step to full communication, they are hopeful that one day we will be able to understand entire systems of communication. 1．According to Aza Raskin, the goal of Earth Species Project is ________. A．to develop flee advanced AI technology for everyone B．to communicate with animals such as whales and dolphins C．to provide information of animal species for the public D．to help conserve animals by understanding their languages 2．According to the article, the methods scientists have used to discover the communication of animals do NOT include ________. A．spending a lot of time observing animal communications B．using a form of artificial intelligence to translate animal languages C．developing a software to analyze a pig’s emotions through its grunts D．playing recordings of animal sounds to communicate with other social animals 3．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the article? A．ESP aims to provide free translation service for the public through advanced artificial intelligence technologies. B．Machine learning has made it possible for researchers to understand huge amount of data about animal communication. C．Elodie Briefer has helped develop a software which is exactly what ESP needs to decode animal language. D．Researchers in the Earth Species Project believe that all species on earth can communicate with one another. 4．What is probably the best title for the text? A．Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Society B．The Ambition of Earth Species Project C．AI Technology Helps Understand Animal Languages D．Save the Animals and Their Languages 10 （23-24高一下·河南郑州·阶段练习）A broken heart and a sad ending to a long friendship. That’s something most of us have experienced, or probably will. After all, it’s part of human life. But the experience can be hard to get over. But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can arouse the desire to connect with others. Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart. A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy (同情), and a desire for positive connection with others. That, itself, is psychologically healing. It draws you away from concentration on yourself, and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort. Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. In fact, it did so when the person first consciously accept the situation causing their sadness, and then began listening to the sad music. That is, when they intended that the sad music might help, they found that it did. These findings link with other studies that show accepting your sad situation emotionally leads to healing and growth beyond it. It seems unbelievable but it does make sense. For example, research from Cornell University found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, encourages people to find a pathway through it, beyond it. As Churchill famously said, “If you’re going through hell, keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It brings hope. 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 3&4? A．Sad music can make people help others. B．Sad music can make sad people feel better. C．Sad music can make people believe in themselves. D．Sad music can make people concentrate on themselves. 2．What does the phrase underlined in the last paragraph mean? A．Hearing a swear word used by enemies. B．Avoiding a place to go after death. C．Getting an extremely pleasant time. D．Having an-unbearable experience. 3．How does the author develop this article? A．By presenting research findings. B．By giving directions. C．By listing authoritative figures. D．By comparing examples. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the article? A．How to Find Pathways through Heartaches B．How We React to a Broken Heart Matters a Lot C．What We Can Do to Overcome Discomfort in Life D．Why Listening to Sad Music Heals Your Broken Heart / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 阅读理解C、D篇专项训练 1 （24-25高一上·江西·阶段练习）Heat waves don’t just make bumblebees (大黄蜂) hot. High temperatures also seem to seriously reduce their sense of smell, which can be very bad for their survival. For bumblebees, being able to smell flowers is a matter of life or death because it helps them find food. Bumblebees are already known to suffer from climate change. So, an insect ecologist from the University of Würzburg in Germany and her team wanted to understand if heat waves could influence bumblebees’ ability to smell flowers. The researchers put around 190 bumblebees from two common species into small special rooms for almost three hours at temperatures of 40°C to simulate (模拟) heat waves. Some bumblebees were also put in a dry environment; some had ways to sugary resources; some were given time to recover at normal temperatures for 24 hours after the heat treatment. After the simulated heat waves, the researchers cut off the bumblebees’ antennae (触须), which they use to smell, and measured whether the olfactory sensory neurons (the cells that help them smell) in the antennae could still detect flower scents. The heat waves reduced the bumblebees’ ability to smell by up to 80 percent. Worker bumblebees, which are all female, were more affected than male bumblebees. Even worse, the antennae of the bumblebees that had 24 hours to cool off still didn’t recover their sense of smell after that time. “That was surprising,” said the insect ecologist. This suggests the bumblebees don’t recover quickly, which means they might have trouble finding food. “It could be one reason why we see so many bumblebee’s population drops,” she added, along with other factors like habitat loss. “The study seems pretty reliable,” said a bumblebee ecologist from the University of Sussex in Brighton, England, who didn’t take part in the study. “The antennae are quite similar across bee species,” he added. “If bumblebees suffer in this way, I think it’s probable that other bees would too. But we won’t know for sure until someone does research on it.” 1．What problem might bumblebees face in the end because of heat waves? A．Habitat loss. B．Death risk. C．Food shortage. D．Sensory failure. 2．Why were some bumblebees given 24 hours to recover after the treatment? A．To count their number and species. B．To prevent the researchers making mistakes. C．To make sure they can adapt to the environment. D．To prove if hot waves damage their sense of smell. 3．What does the insect ecologist think of the research result? A．It leads to a good method. B．It goes beyond her control. C．It limits the scientific research. D．It takes researchers’ doubts away. 4．What can we learn about other bees according to the bumblebee ecologist? A．There is still a lot to study. B．They will suffer from death. C．They will be well protected. D．More researchers are studying them. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 【解析】本文是说明文。介绍了热浪对大黄蜂嗅觉的影响。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Heat waves don’t just make bumblebees (大黄蜂) hot. High temperatures also seem to seriously reduce their sense of smell, which can be very bad for their survival. For bumblebees, being able to smell flowers is a matter of life or death because it helps them find food.(热浪不仅会让大黄蜂变热。高温似乎也严重降低了它们的嗅觉，这对它们的生存非常不利。对于大黄蜂来说，能够闻到花的气味是生死攸关的问题，因为这可以帮助它们找到食物)”可知，由于热浪降低了大黄蜂的嗅觉，这意味着它们可能找不到食物，所以大黄蜂最终可能面临死亡的风险。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Some bumblebees were also put in a dry environment; some had ways to sugary resources; some were given time to recover at normal temperatures for 24 hours after the heat treatment. After the simulated heat waves, the researchers cut off the bumblebees’ antennae (触须), which they use to smell, and measured whether the olfactory sensory neurons (the cells that help them smell) in the antennae could still detect flower scents.(一些大黄蜂也被放在干燥的环境中；有些有办法获得含糖资源；一些在热处理后24小时在常温下恢复。在模拟的热浪之后，研究人员切断了大黄蜂用来嗅觉的触角，并测量了触角中的嗅觉感觉神经元（帮助它们嗅觉的细胞）是否仍然可以探测到花香)”可知，研究人员给一些大黄蜂24小时恢复，是为了验证热浪是否会损害它们的嗅觉，并观察它们是否能在正常温度下恢复嗅觉。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段““That was surprising,” said the insect ecologist. This suggests the bumblebees don’t recover quickly, which means they might have trouble finding food. “It could be one reason why we see so many bumblebee’s population drops,” she added, along with other factors like habitat loss.(昆虫生态学家说：“这太令人惊讶了。”这表明大黄蜂不会很快恢复，这意味着它们可能很难找到食物。“这可能是我们看到这么多大黄蜂数量下降的原因之一，”她补充说，此外还有栖息地丧失等其他因素)”可知，研究结果让昆虫生态学家知道了黄蜂数量下降的原因，消除了研究人员的疑虑。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段““The study seems pretty reliable,” said a bumblebee ecologist from the University of Sussex in Brighton, England, who didn’t take part in the study. “The antennae are quite similar across bee species,” he added. “If bumblebees suffer in this way, I think it’s probable that other bees would too. But we won’t know for sure until someone does research on it.”(“这项研究似乎相当可靠，”英国布莱顿萨塞克斯大学的一位大黄蜂生态学家说，他没有参加这项研究。“各种蜜蜂的触角都非常相似，”他补充说。“如果大黄蜂以这种方式受苦，我认为其他蜜蜂很可能也会这样。但在有人对此进行研究之前，我们无法确定。”)”可知，根据大黄蜂生态学家的说法，其他蜜蜂很可能也会这样，但是还有很多东西需要研究。故选A项。 2 （24-25高一上·山东青岛·期末）For various purposes such as environment protection, pest management, and economic gains, humans often relocate animals and plants to new regions. However, when these non-native species (物种) break into their new environment, they become known as invasive (入侵) species, which in some cases may dramatically change the natural landscape. Native species are part of an ecosystem through natural processes. Non-native or introduced species, on the other hand, are found outside their normal range due to human activity. While not all introduced species become invasive, those that do, negatively impact their new environment and other life forms. Often developing quickly due to the absence of natural enemies, these invasive species can outcompete and displace native plants and wildlife. As a result, they damage ecosystems by changing habitats, competing for resources, and introducing new diseases and is a possible risk to biodiversity (生物多样性). Human activities are the primary cause of invasive species spread, both intentionally and accidentally. Climate change may exacerbate the problem, allowing more species to spread further. Understanding new species’ behavior is important, followed by control measures if they become invasive. Stephanie Holt, a UK Biodiversity Training Manager at the Natural History Museum, says that climate change is likely to result in animals and plants moving around the world, but that it’s not always going to be a bad thing. “Species heading into the UK as a result of climate change need to be monitored in case they do become harmfully invasive — but not all of them will.” she says, “If we’re thinking about global species protection goals, not all species movement is a bad thing, as species adapt and change.” As climates change, adaptive protection approaches are necessary to ensure biodiversity in the movement of species. Governments must play a role, and public awareness is also important in managing the spread of invasive species, as informed communities can contribute to early and quick action. 1．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about? A．The benefits of introducing new species. B．The role of native species in ecosystems. C．The problematic nature of invasive species. D．The effects of human activities on the environment. 2．What does the underlined word “exacerbate” in paragraph 3 mean? A．Shape. B．Put an end to. C．Worsen. D．Bring back. 3．What does Stephanie think of species movement? A．It is hard to control. B．It is not always negative. C．It is driven by climate change. D．It weakens the species’ adaptability. 4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．The Global Impact of Invasive Species B．Invasive Species: Challenges and Solutions C．The Role of Human Activity in Ecosystems D．Invasive Species: A Global Economic Benefit 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人类出于环保、害虫管理和经济利益等原因，将动植物迁移到新地区，导致一些非本地物种成为入侵物种，对新环境和其他生物造成负面影响。气候变化可能加剧这一问题，但并非所有物种迁移都是坏事。因此，需要采取适应性保护措施，政府和公众都应参与管理入侵物种的传播，以保护生物多样性。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Native species are part of an ecosystem through natural processes. Non-native or introduced species, on the other hand, are found outside their normal range due to human activity. While not all introduced species become invasive, those that do, negatively impact their new environment and other life forms. Often developing quickly due to the absence of natural enemies, these invasive species can outcompete and displace native plants and wildlife. As a result, they damage ecosystems by changing habitats, competing for resources, and introducing new diseases and is a possible risk to biodiversity (生物多样性).( 本地物种通过自然过程成为生态系统的一部分。另一方面，由于人类活动，非本地或引进的物种被发现在它们的正常范围之外。虽然不是所有引进的物种都会成为入侵物种，但那些入侵物种会对它们的新环境和其他生命形式产生负面影响。由于缺乏天敌，这些入侵物种通常发展迅速，可以超越并取代本地植物和野生动物。因此，它们通过改变栖息地、争夺资源和引入新的疾病来破坏生态系统，并可能对生物多样性构成威胁。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是入侵物种存在问题的本质。故选C项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Human activities are the primary cause of invasive species spread, both intentionally and accidentally.( 无论是有意还是无意，人类活动都是入侵物种传播的主要原因。)”以及划线单词句中“…allowing more species to spread further.(……使更多的物种得以进一步传播。)”由此可知，此处为气候变化可能会加剧这一问题。故可猜测划线单词exacerbate为“加剧”的意思，和C选项Worsen“使恶化”意思相近。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Stephanie Holt, a UK Biodiversity Training Manager at the Natural History Museum, says that climate change is likely to result in animals and plants moving around the world, but that it’s not always going to be a bad thing. “Species heading into the UK as a result of climate change need to be monitored in case they do become harmfully invasive — but not all of them will.” she says, “If we’re thinking about global species protection goals, not all species movement is a bad thing, as species adapt and change.”(自然历史博物馆的英国生物多样性培训经理斯蒂芬妮·霍尔特说，气候变化很可能导致动物和植物在世界各地迁移，但这并不总是一件坏事。“由于气候变化而进入英国的物种需要受到监控，以防它们真的成为有害的入侵物种——但并不是所有的物种都会。”她说，“如果我们考虑全球物种保护目标，并不是所有的物种运动都是坏事，因为物种会适应和变化。”)”可知，斯蒂芬妮认为气候变化可能导致动植物在全球范围内移动，但这并不总是一件坏事，因气候变化进入英国的物种需要被监测以防它们成为有害的入侵物种，但不是所有物种都会这样，从全球物种保护目标来看，不是所有物种的移动都是坏事，因为物种会适应和变化。所以斯蒂芬妮认为物种的移动并不总是负面的。故选B项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“As climates change, adaptive protection approaches are necessary to ensure biodiversity in the movement of species. Governments must play a role, and public awareness is also important in managing the spread of invasive species, as informed communities can contribute to early and quick action.( 随着气候的变化，有必要采取适应性保护措施来确保物种运动中的生物多样性。政府必须发挥作用，公众意识在管理入侵物种的传播方面也很重要，因为知情的社区可以为及早和迅速采取行动作出贡献。)”可知，文章开篇指出人类为了各种目的迁移动植物，当这些非本地物种进入新环境成为入侵物种时会极大地改变自然景观，接着阐述了入侵物种的问题本质，如对生态系统和生物多样性的负面影响，然后说明了人类活动是入侵物种传播的主要原因，气候变化可能会加剧这个问题，还提到了斯蒂芬妮对物种移动的看法，最后强调随着气候的变化，需要适应性的保护方法来确保物种移动中的生物多样性，政府要发挥作用，公众意识在管理入侵物种传播方面也很重要。所以文章主要讲了入侵物种带来的挑战以及应对的解决方案。所以B 选项“Invasive Species: Challenges and Solutions”（入侵物种：挑战与解决方案），符合文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B项。 3 （24-25高一上·广东广州·阶段练习）In 1240, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II built Castel del Monte on a lonely hill in central Puglia, where he had a perfect view of approaching enemies. He probably never imagined the enemies might be tourists one day. But these days, the old castle has been polished clean, and hundreds of multicolored Pullman buses snake up the winding roads to its grounds, now filled with T-shirt stands, Coca-Cola signs and a 200-car parking lot. All this thanks to the fact that UNESCO has designated (认定) it a World Heritage Site in 1996. Officially, UNESCO honors places that exemplify an area’s ancestry, with the purpose of ensuring they are preserved. Unofficially, this designation is a kind of fairy dust that often turns little-known cultural sites into overnight tourist sensations. This is both a gift and a cuss. Lisa Mastny, senior adviser to the World Watch Institute, says tourism is double-edged for places considered of “outstanding value to humanity. It offers many poor communities the chance to obtain financial rewards, but also threatens the very resources — human and natural — upon which the industry is ultimately built”. There is growing awareness that assigning UNESCO designation is worthless or worse, harmful — without some kind of follow-up preservation program. “In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King, director of the sites unit at the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). In Africa, a 12-year training program is currently underway to teach locals not only how to preserve their immovable cultural heritage, but how to use it for economic development. In Eastern Europe, where tourism is a relatively new thing, cities are looking for help in figuring out where to draw the line between preserving historical centers and promoting urban development. 1．What can we learn about Castel del Monte? A．It was built to enjoy the view. B．It has become a hot tourist spot. C．It has to make way for a shopping mall. D．It failed to win UNESCO designation in 1996. 2．Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cuss” in paragraph 2? A．Drawback. B．Promise. C．Solution. D．Chance. 3．How does the author support King’s words in the last paragraph? A．By quoting experts. B．By analyzing cause and effect. C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons. 4．Which of the following statements may Joseph King agree with? A．UNESCO designation needs follow-up preservation. B．UNESCO turns unknown sites into tourist attractions. C．Tourism offers financial rewards but also posing threats. D．Africa has balanced heritage preservation and urban development. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇议论文。主要论述的是Castel del Monte从军事要塞转变为旅游热点的过程，以及被UNESCO认定为世界遗产后对当地带来的机遇与挑战。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“He probably never imagined the enemies might be tourists one day. But these days, the old castle has been polished clean, and hundreds of multicolored Pullman buses snake up the winding roads to its grounds, now filled with T-shirt stands, Coca-Cola signs and a 200-car parking lot. All this thanks to the fact that UNESCO has designated (认定) it a World Heritage Site in 1996. (他可能从来没有想到敌人有一天会是游客。但如今，这座古老的城堡已经被擦得干干正正，数百辆色彩斑斓的普尔曼巴士沿着蜿蜒的道路蜿蜒而上，驶往城堡的场地，现在到处都是t恤摊、可口可乐的招牌和一个可容纳200辆车的停车场。这一切都要归功于联合国教科文组织于1996年将其指定为世界遗产。)”可知，蒙特城堡现在已经成为一个热门旅游景点，每天参观的游客络绎不绝。故选B。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“Lisa Mastny, senior adviser to the World Watch Institute, says tourism is double-edged for places considered of “outstanding value to humanity. It offers many poor communities the chance to obtain financial rewards, but also threatens the very resources — human and natural — upon which the industry is ultimately built(世界观察研究所高级顾问丽莎•马斯特尼表示，对于那些被认为“对人类有突出价值”的地方来说，旅游业是一把双刃剑。它为许多贫困社区提供了获得经济回报的机会，但也威胁到该行业最终建立的人力和自然资源。)”可知，Lisa Mastny为，旅游业是一把双刃剑。它为许多贫困社区提供了获得经济回报的机会，但也威胁到该行业最终建立的人力和自然资源。由此可知，“旅游对于世界遗产地而言既是馈赠又有缺点。故划线词意思是“缺点”与A选项“Drawback.(缺点)”为同义。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段““In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King, director of the sites unit at the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). In Africa, a 12-year training program is currently underway to teach locals not only how to preserve their immovable cultural heritage, but how to use it for economic development. In Eastern Europe, where tourism is a relatively new thing, cities are looking for help in figuring out where to draw the line between preserving historical centers and promoting urban development. (“在早期，人们并没有太关注这些遗址成为世界遗产后会发生什么。但这种情况正在缓慢改变，”国际文化财产保护与修复研究中心遗址部门主任Joseph King说。在非洲，一个为期12年的培训项目正在进行中，该项目不仅教授当地人如何保护他们不可移动的文化遗产，还教授他们如何将其用于经济发展。在东欧，旅游业是一个相对较新的事物，城市正在寻求帮助，以弄清楚如何在保护历史中心和促进城市发展之间划清界限。)”可知，作者通过列举了非洲、东欧的例子来说明一些遗址成为世界遗产后会发生的变化。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“There is growing awareness that assigning UNESCO designation is worthless or worse, harmful — without some kind of follow-up preservation program.(越来越多的人意识到，如果没有某种后续的保护计划，被联合国教科文组织认定是毫无价值的，甚至是有害的。)”以及“ “In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King(“在早期，人们并没有太关注这些遗址成为世界遗产后会发生什么。但这种情况正在缓慢改变，” Joseph King说)”可知，如果没有后续的保护计划，被联合国教科文组织认定是毫无价值的，Joseph King认为早期的时候人们并没有太关注这些遗址成为世界遗产后会发生什么。但这种情况正在缓慢改变即被联合国教科文组织认定的遗址现在正在慢慢地配有后续的保护计划，因此推断他认为被联合国教科文组织认定的世界遗产后需要有后续的保护计划，这些计划是有着重要意义的。A选项“UNESCO designation needs follow-up preservation.(联合国教科文组织的认定需要后续保护。)”符合题意。故选A。 4 （24-25高二上·山东潍坊·期中）Pushed by the rapid pace of today’s fashion industry, it’s no wonder many clothes buyers find themselves with a “closet (衣橱) of regrets”. All the clothes that don’t get worn can hang heavy on a consumer’s mind until finally thrown away. The trouble is, “There’s no ‘away’ for your clothes,” says Maxine Bédat, author of a 2021 book, Unraveled: The Life and Death of a Garment, and an activist trying to change the industry’s wasteful ways. A few statistics tell the story. Fashion is responsible for about 10% of the carbon emissions (排放物) that are tipping our planet toward climate disaster. It produces 20% of all industrial water pollution. And it creates unimaginable quantities of rubbish, with about a garbage truck of clothes burnt or buried in a landfill every second. Although some companies have voluntarily tried to minimize their environmental and social impact, little progress has been made. So, a bill known as the New York Fashion Act was introduced. It would help consumers better understand the impact of their purchases and require every large multinational fashion name operating in the state to map their global supply chains, disclose their environmental and social impacts, and set targets to cut emissions. Failure to meet the targets could bring a 2% fine on annual turnover. However, the bill is pro-business, argues Ms. Bédat, who worked with the bill’s co-sponsors to craft the measure, because it would level the playing field for companies to operate at the same environmental standards. Ms. Bédat is looking beyond the “more” of fashion to how people value their clothes. Her book closes with a vision of a future when “we will love our clothes because we have seized control of our own attention and removed the noise in our inboxes and on our social media channels that had taken our attention from our true needs and desires. And we bought them not to fill other holes in our lives, but from an aware and informed mindset.” That could be just enough to clear out anyone’s “closet of regrets.” 1 ．What does the underlined word “story” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Regrets left by over-consumption, B．Worries generated by abandoning clothes. C．Anxiety produced by falling behind the trend. D．Problems caused by the fast-paced fashion industry, 2．What does the New York Fashion Act aim to achieve? A．Boost sales for fashion companies. B．Regulate global fashion supply chains, C．Raise environmental awareness of buyers and producers. D．Limit the expansion of the fashion companies in New York. 3．What does Bédat think of the bill to the fashion companies? A．Fair. B．Costly. C．Complex. D．Demanding. 4．How can the “closet of regrets” be reduced according to Bédat? A．Follow trends and buy more clothes. B．Value needs and make wise purchases. C．Plan budgets and shop eco-consciously. D．Stress functionality and cut down on buying. 【答案】1 ．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了快速发展的时尚业带来的问题以及消费者和企业可采取的应对措施。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“Pushed by the rapid pace of today’s fashion industry, it’s no wonder many clothes buyers find themselves with a “closet (衣橱) of regrets”(在当今时尚产业飞速发展的推动下，难怪很多消费者会发现自己有了一个 “遗憾的衣橱”)可知，快节奏的时尚业带来的各种问题。结合第二段中提供的一些数据，从而推知，统计数据说明了这一点。所以“story”指的是快节奏的时尚业带来的各种问题。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“It would help consumers better understand the impact of their purchases and require every large multinational fashion name operating in the state to map their global supply chains, disclose their environmental and social impacts, and set targets to cut emissions.”(这将帮助消费者更好地了解他们的购买行为所产生的影响，并要求在该州运营的所有大型跨国时尚品牌绘制全球供应链图，披露其环境和社会影响，并设定减排目标。)可知，《纽约时尚业法令》的目的是为了提高企业和消费者的环保意识。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“However, the bill is pro-business, argues Ms. Bédat, who worked with the bill’s co-sponsors to craft the measure, because it would level the playing field for companies to operate at the same environmental standards.”(然而，贝达特女士认为，这项法案对企业有利，因为该法案将使企业在相同的环保标准下公平竞争。贝达特女士曾与法案的共同提案人合作起草了这项措施。)可知，贝达特女士认为法案对时尚公司来说是公平的。故选A项。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的“Her book closes with a vision of a future when ‘we will love our clothes because we have seized control of our own attention and removed the noise in our inboxes and on our social media channels that had taken our attention from our true needs and desires. And we bought them not to fill other holes in our lives, but from an aware and informed mindset.’”(她的书以一个未来的愿景结束：“我们会爱上我们的衣服，因为我们已经控制了自己的注意力，消除了收件箱和社交媒体渠道上的噪音，这些噪音把我们的注意力从真正的需求和欲望上转移开。我们买衣服不是为了填补我们生活中的其他漏洞，而是出于一种有意识和知情的心态。”)可知，只要我们购买衣物时是有意识的知情的状态下做出的明智的选择而不是受外界的影响，我们就不会后悔，就会爱上自己的衣物。故选B项。 5 （24-25高三上·江苏南通·期中）In recent years, there has been a significant shift towards adopting eco-friendly practices and promoting sustainable lifestyles. This global trend is fueled by various factors, ranging from heightened environmental awareness to economic advantages. A primary driver behind the rise of green living is the increasing awareness of environmental issues, particularly the urgent need to address climate change. As people become more informed about the harmful effects of carbon emissions, deforestation, and pollution, there is a collective push toward adopting practices that minimize ecological impact. Beyond environmental concerns, there are some economic motives driving the shift toward sustainability. For instance, energy-efficient technologies and practices can significantly reduce utility bills over time, making them financially advantageous for homeowners and businesses alike. Additionally, governments and organizations often offer some financial stimuli such as tax credits and subsidies (补贴) to encourage the development and adoption of renewable energy sources. For example, solar energy has emerged as a front runner in the renewable energy sector, attracting widespread interest from homeowners and businesses seeking clean energy solutions. Solar panels use sunlight to generate electricity, offering a sustainable alternative to traditional fossil fuels. The declining costs of solar technology, coupled with advancements in efficiency and storage capabilities, have made solar panels increasingly practical and cost-effective. Consumer attitudes and preferences are also factors driving the demand for sustainable products and services. Millennials (千禧一代) and Generation Z, in particular, prioritize environmental responsibility and prefer to support businesses that demonstrate a commitment to sustainability. This shift has urged businesses across various sectors to integrate eco-friendly practices into their operations, from sustainable sourcing to waste reduction initiatives. Moreover, the power of social influence cannot be underestimated in shaping consumer behavior towards sustainability. Social media platforms and online communities arouse awareness about environmental issues and show innovative green solutions. Individuals are increasingly motivated by peer examples, fostering a collective movement towards greener lifestyles. These living practices reflects a global commitment to sustainability. By choosing to integrate sustainable practices and technologies into everyday life, individuals and communities can contribute to lessening climate change and creating a healthier planet for future generations. 1．What is the result when the government offers financial stimuli according to the text? A．Green energy will be more accessible and affordable. B．It will bring too much financial burden to the government. C．Technology companies will make much progress in their field. D．Traditional fossil fuels will give way to renewable energy entirely. 2．What is true about the consumer behavior according to paragraphs 5 and 6? A．Older generations have a more sustainable lifestyle. B．Peers make little difference in shaping consumer behavior. C．Social influence promises to drive changes in consumer preferences. D．The eco-friendly practices of companies cause the shift of consumer behavior. 3．What is the purpose of the text? A．To initiate a process. B．To list some reasons. C．To address concerns.    ` D．To analyze a dilemma. 4．What is the suitable title of the text? A．Keeping Sustainable Development: The Strategic Goals for the Globe. B．Protecting the Environment: An Everlasting Topic throughout the World. C．Promoting Ourselves: A Better and More Advanced World in Store for Us. D．Embracing Green Living: The Growing Movement towards Sustainability. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 【解析】本文为一篇说明文，本文介绍了全球采取环保措施，提倡可持续的绿色生活方式的几个推动因素。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Additionally, governments and organizations often offer some financial stimuli such as tax credits and subsidies (补贴) to encourage the development and adoption of renewable energy sources.(此外，政府和组织经常提供一些财政刺激，如税收抵免和补贴，以鼓励开发和采用可再生能源)”及第四段“The declining costs of solar technology, coupled with advancements in efficiency and storage capabilities, have made solar panels increasingly practical and cost-effective.(太阳能技术成本的下降，加上效率和存储能力的进步，使得太阳能电池板越来越实用和具有成本效益)”可知，政府提供财政刺激，导致绿色能源将更容易获得和负担得起。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Moreover, the power of social influence cannot be underestimated in shaping consumer behavior towards sustainability.(此外，在塑造消费者行为的可持续性上社会影响的力量不能低估)”和最后一段“These living practices reflects a global commitment to sustainability. By choosing to integrate sustainable practices and technologies into everyday life, individuals and communities can contribute to lessening climate change and creating a healthier planet for future generations.(这些生活实践反映了全球对可持续发展的承诺。通过选择将可持续做法和技术纳入日常生活，个人和社区可以为减轻气候变化和为子孙后代创造一个更健康的地球作出贡献)”可推知，社会影响有望推动消费者偏好的变化。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“This global trend is fueled by various factors, ranging from heightened environmental awareness to economic advantages.(这一全球趋势受到各种因素的推动，从环境意识的提高到经济优势)”可知，本文介绍了采取环保措施，提倡可持续的生活方式这种全球趋势的推动因素，分析了原因。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“In recent years, there has been a significant shift towards adopting eco-friendly practices and promoting sustainable lifestyles.(近年来，在采用环保做法和促进可持续生活方式方面发生了重大转变)”及最后一段“These living practices reflects a global commitment to sustainability. By choosing to integrate sustainable practices and technologies into everyday life, individuals and communities can contribute to lessening climate change and creating a healthier planet for future generations.(这些生活实践反映了全球对可持续发展的承诺。通过选择将可持续做法和技术纳入日常生活，个人和社区可以为减轻气候变化和为子孙后代创造一个更健康的地球作出贡献)”可知，本文介绍了全球采取环保措施，提倡可持续的绿色生活方式的几个推动因素，D选项“拥抱绿色生活：迈向可持续发展的潮流”符合本文主旨大意，适合作为本文最佳标题。故选D。 6 （24-25高一上·江苏南通·阶段练习）Mosquitoes (蚊子) carry malaria (疟疾), which kills thousands of people each year. Now some researchers are trying to use genetic engineering (基因工程) to make them into partners in the fight against the disease. For years, public health officials have tried to limit the disease by controlling mosquito populations. “But that approach is short-term,” says Anthony James, a professor of biology and genetics at the University of California, Irvine, “because mosquitoes are very tough little insects, and their populations can quickly increase.” Therefore, James and his colleagues want to try a different approach: making mosquitoes themselves into malaria-fighting warriors, which is completely different from traditional ways of controlling malaria. To understand how it works, it helps to understand the life cycle of malaria. The malaria pathogen (病原体) is a parasite (寄生虫) that grow inside humans. It’s passed via mosquitoes that move from person to person, sucking blood. “If we can make the mosquitoes difficult for the pathogens to survive, we can wipe out the disease,” he says. But making mosquitoes uninviting to malaria is a Herculean task. To solve the problem, the team used a gene-editing technique called CRISPR. They started with genes from mice, whose immune systems do fight human malaria, engineered those genes, and then gave them to the mosquitoes. It turned out the gene-edited mosquitoes worked very well. They reduced the number of parasites in the mosquito before they were passed to a human host. James’ team are now working on planning a field trial, which he hopes could be done on an island or in another isolated location. But genetically changing wild animals does not sit well with environmentalists. “There’s no need to engineer a mosquito,” says Dana Perls, senior program manager for the emerging technology program at the non-profit Friends of the Earth. Perls points out that natural ways to reduce malaria appear to be showing promise, as does a new vaccine (疫苗) against the disease. “Why take unnecessary risks and use mosquitoes that can’t be controlled once sent into the wild?” she asks. 1．What can we know from the second and third paragraphs? A．Mosquitoes can reproduce quickly. B．Mosquitoes can be easily controlled. C．Mosquitoes have killed thousands of people. D．Mosquitoes have been used to fight against malaria. 2．What does the underlined phrase “a Herculean task” in Para.4 mean? A．A great comfort. B．A tough job. C．A narrow escape. D．A key factor. 3．What is environmentalists’ attitude towards this new approach? A．Unconcerned. B．Positive. C．Negative. D．Unclear. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Preventing Malaria with a New Vaccine. B．Curing Malaria with Gene-edited mosquitoes. C．Limiting Malaria by Controlling Mosquito Populations D．Controlling Malaria by Engineering Mosquitoes’ Genes 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员如何利用基因工程使蚊子成为抗击疟疾的合作伙伴,同时分析了支持和反对这一方法的不同观点。 1．推理判断题，根据文章第二段“For years, public health officials have tried to limit the disease by controlling mosquito populations. “But that approach is short-term,” says Anthony James, a professor of biology and genetics at the University of California, Irvine, “because mosquitoes are very tough little insects, and their populations can quickly increase.” (多年来公共卫生官员一直试图通过控制蚊子数量来限制这种疾病。“但这种方法是短期的,”加州大学欧文分校生物学和遗传学教授Anthony James说,“因为蚊子是非常顽强的小昆虫,它们的数量可以迅速增加。”)”可知,蚊子的繁殖速度很快。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据下一段“To solve the problem, the team used a gene-editing technique called CRISPR. They started with genes from mice, whose immune systems do fight human malaria, engineered those genes, and then gave them to the mosquitoes. (为了解决这个问题,该团队使用了一种名为CRISPR的基因编辑技术。他们用老鼠的基因进行实验,老鼠的免疫系统确实能对抗人类疟疾,他们改造了这些基因,然后把它们交给蚊子。) ”可知，为了解决这个问题，团队需要使用基因编辑技术，由此可知，这个问题是一个很难解决的问题，故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But genetically changing wild animals does not sit well with environmentalists. “There’s no need to engineer a mosquito,” says Dana Perls, senior program manager for the emerging technology program at the non-profit Friends of the Earth .(但是,改变野生动物的基因并不受环保人士的欢迎。“没有必要改造蚊子”非营利组织地球之友新兴技术项目的高级项目经理Dana Pers说。).”可知，环保人士对于这种新方法的态度是不赞成的。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Mosquitoes (蚊子) carry malaria (疟疾), which kills thousands of people each year. Now some researchers are trying to use genetic engineering (基因工程) to make them into partners in the fight against the disease.(蚊子携带疟疾,每年导致数千人死亡。现在,一些研究人员正试图利用基因工程技术使它们成为对抗这种疾病的伙伴。)”可知，文章主要一些研究人员正试图利用基因工程技术使蚊子成为对抗这种疾病的伙伴。因此本文的最佳标题是D项“通过改造蚊子基因控制疟疾”。故选D。 7 （23-24高一下·山东潍坊·期末）Killer whales are mama’s boys. A son will follow his mother, taking bits of fish and other food, throughout his life, even as his sisters grow up and have babies of their own. This neediness comes at a significant cost to mom, who gives up having additional children to look after her boy, according to a new study. Michael Weiss has observed the mother-son bond in killer whale groups off the Pacific coast of North America. “It’s kind of wild,” says the behavioral ecologist. These animals live for decades, yet even fully grown males “act like little kids around their mom, rolling around and swimming right beside and behind her like they're still babies”. Weiss wanted to know whether these high-maintenance children came at a cost — particularly, whether they hurt a mother’s ability to raise more children. He and colleagues studied 40 years’ worth of data on three Pacific pods (小群动物), social groups typically consisting of a couple dozen killer whale mothers and sons that traveled and hunted fish together. Sure enough, the team found a “huge effect”, Weiss says. In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says. The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth, her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units. His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition. The team didn’t establish exactly how sons prevented their mothers from having more babies. Weiss says he hopes to do more research across populations, and in different species of whales. But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom. “In other animals,” he says, “at some point, you just stop relying on your mom as much.” 1．What can we learn about a mother killer whale’s chance of having more babies? A．It is independent of her son’s age. B．A mother of a son won’t have another baby. C．A mother of daughters has the least chance. D．It changes with the social structure of the pod. 2．What can be inferred from the research? A．Male killer wales can’t grow fully. B．Male killer wales are precious in their social structure. C．Baby killer wales live with their grandmother. D．Baby killer wales compete against their father for food. 3．Why do mother killer whales favor their boys? A．To increase the pod’s population. B．To compete with other pods. C．To gain support from boys. D．To save food. 4．What does Weiss think of the mother-son bond in killer whale groups? A．It is extremely rare in nature. B．It shows that killer whales have feelings. C．It doesn’t exist in other species of whales. D．It slows male killer whales’ development. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了虎鲸母子间的依赖关系及其对繁殖的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第四段中“In a given year, mothers of sons were less than half as likely to have another baby as were childless females or mothers of daughters. Strikingly, both a 3-year-old son and an 18-year-old son lowered their mom’s chances of having more children, Weiss says.(在某一年里，有儿子的母亲生育另一个孩子的可能性不到无子女女性或有女儿的母亲的一半。引人注目的是，无论是3岁的儿子还是18岁的儿子，都会降低他们母亲再生更多孩子的几率，Weiss说)”可知，无论是3岁的儿子还是18岁的儿子，都会降低母亲再生育的机会。即母鲸鱼是否有更多孩子与她儿子的年龄无关。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第五段“The researchers suggest mom’s favoritism toward her boys developed because of the particular social structure of these pods. When a daughter gives birth, her babies stay in the same group as her and her mom and therefore compete with the rest for food and attention. By contrast, a son doesn’t bring more mouths into the group — he mates with females in passing pods who then go on to raise children in their own social units.(研究人员提出，母亲对儿子的偏爱是因为这些群体特有的社会结构而发展的。当一个女儿生育时，她的孩子会留在她和她母亲所在的同一群体中，因此会与其他成员争夺食物和关注。相比之下，一个儿子不会给群体带来更多的需要供养的人口 —— 他与路过群体中的雌性交配，而后这些雌性会在自己的社会单元中抚养后代)”可知，母鲸鱼对儿子的偏爱是因为儿子在社会结构中更为重要，儿子不会带来更多的竞争者，而女儿的孩子会留在群体中，增加竞争，表明雄性虎鲸在它们的社会结构中扮演着重要的角色。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第六段“His kids are thus “someone else’s problem”, Weiss explains. So, it makes sense for mom to give more energy to him than to his sisters if she wants as many grandchildren as possible with the least competition.(他的孩子们因此变成了“别人的问题”，Weiss解释道。因此，如果妈妈想要在最少的竞争下获得尽可能多的孙子孙女，她给予儿子更多的精力而不是女儿，这是有道理的)”这表明母亲偏爱儿子的原因之一是为了节约食物，减少群体内的竞争。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But now, killer whales remain an extreme example of parental care across the animal kingdom.(但现在，虎鲸仍然是动物王国中父母抚育的一个极端例子)”可知，Weiss认为母子关系在虎鲸群体中是极端的例子，这在自然界中是非常罕见的。故选A。 8 （24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）Today’s Olympic Games are a technological marvel. Slow-motion cameras capture the milliseconds-long difference between first and second place. Wearable sensors detect clean hits in fencing or tae kwon do. Technology and sport are tightly linked, but controversy (争议) arises when technology enhances athletic performance, sometimes called “technological doping (兴奋剂).” This refers to using apparel (服装) or equipment to gain an unfair advantage. Unlike drug doping, monitored by an international agency, legal apparel and equipment are decided by each sport’s governing body. It’s up to these bodies to put in place technical requirements for equipment use in their sport and enforce these requirements. But there’s no standardized rules across sports to disqualify an item based on its degree of enhancement, cost or exclusivity (排他性). Consequently, decisions to ban an item from competition are often made retroactively. At the 2008 Beijing Olympics, 94% of swimming gold medals were won by athletes wearing the Speedo LZR Racer swimsuit, engineered to reduce drag. It was worn by athletes who set 23 new world records. Many labeled it technological doping, so World Aquatics banned full-body swimsuits from competition. The running equivalent (对等物) of the LZR Racer, Nike’s tailored shoe for Eliud Kipchoge, helped him achieve a sub-two-hour marathon in 2019. Its commercial version, Nike Vaporfly, led to numerous long-distance world records. These super shoes feature energy-returning midsole foam, a curved rigid plate, and a shape that rolls a runner forward, improving running economy by 4% on average. Other brands have since released super shoes, but some research suggests they don’t match Nike Vaporflys in performance. Differences in access to the best equipment have long been a source of inequality in elite sport (高水平竞技体育), worsened by technological doping, where brand exclusivity and high costs limit access. Andy Miah, a professor at the University of Salford, believes this technological race is natural in elite sport. “Resisting technology in athletics may be fruitless, as elite performances are a combination of biological capability and technological training.” Miah says, “In fact, being a genius athlete is a very unnatural way of life — but that doesn’t make it bad.” 1．What does the underlined word “retroactively” in the third paragraph most likely mean? A．Afterwards B．Ineffectively C．Ahead D．Temporarily 2．Which of the following is TRUE about the Speedo LZR Racer swimsuit mentioned in the passage? A．It was allowed in all swimming competitions after 2008. B．It was designed to reduce drag force and improve performance. C．It was banned before any Olympic records were broken. D．Its fabric played the most significant role in the drag reduction. 3．How does Andy Miah seem to feel about the integration of technology in elite sports? A．Skeptical, fearing it could harm the integrity of sports B．Supportive, seeing it as a natural progression in elite athletics C．Indifferent, viewing it as a natural part of modern sports D．Concerned, believing it might create an uneven playing field 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Nike, the Biggest Winner ever in History B．The Very Two Sides to Technological Doping C．Technology, an Unfair Competitive Advantage D．A Form of Doping, or a Reality of Modern Sport? 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【解析】这是一篇说明文。在现代体育竞技中，科技和体育运动紧密相连，但当科技提高运动员成绩时，争议就会出现，有时被称为“科技兴奋剂”，指的是利用服装或设备获得不公平的优势。文章对此进行了介绍。 1．词义猜测题。根据第三段前三句“Unlike drug doping, monitored by an international agency, legal apparel and equipment are decided by each sport’s governing body. It’s up to these bodies to put in place technical requirements for equipment use in their sport and enforce these requirements. But there’s no standardized rules across sports to disqualify an item based on its degree of enhancement, cost or exclusivity (排他性).(与由国际机构监督的药物兴奋剂不同，合法的服装和装备由每项运动的管理机构决定。这取决于这些机构在他们的运动中制定设备使用的技术要求并执行这些要求。但在整个体育项目中，并没有标准化的规则来根据一个项目的增强程度、成本或排他性来取消其参赛资格。)”和最后一句中的consequently“因此”可知，此处是指由于前述的原因，禁止某项产品参加竞赛的决定通常是追溯性的，即，后来决定的，retroactively与afterwards意思相近。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句和第二句“At the 2008 Beijing Olympics, 94% of swimming gold medals were won by athletes wearing the Speedo LZR Racer swimsuit, engineered to reduce drag. It was worn by athletes who set 23 new world records.(在2008年北京奥运会上，94%的游泳金牌都是由身穿Speedo LZR Racer泳衣的运动员获得的，这种设计可以减少阻力。创造了23项世界纪录的运动员穿过它。)”可知，Speedo LZR Racer泳衣的设计是为了减少阻力和提高性能。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句和第二句“Andy Miah, a professor at the University of Salford, believes this technological race is natural in elite sport. “Resisting technology in athletics may be fruitless, as elite performances are a combination of biological capability and technological training.”(索尔福德大学教授安迪•米亚认为，这种技术竞赛在精英体育运动中是很自然的。“在体育运动中抵制技术可能是徒劳的，因为优秀的成绩是生物能力和技术训练的结合。”)”可知，安迪•米亚对科技融入精英运动持支持态度，认为这是精英运动的自然发展。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Technology and sport are tightly linked, but controversy (争议) arises when technology enhances athletic performance, sometimes called “technological doping (兴奋剂).” This refers to using apparel (服装) or equipment to gain an unfair advantage.(科技和体育运动紧密相连，但当科技提高运动员成绩时，争议就会出现，有时被称为“科技兴奋剂”，指的是利用服装或设备获得不公平的优势。)”可知，文章主要是讨论使用服装或设备在运动竞技比赛中获得优势是否公平，这是一种“科技兴奋剂”还是现代体育的现实。故选D。 9 （23-24高一上·江苏南京·阶段练习）A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages to help change our ecological impact on our Earth. Aza Raskin is the co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project (ESP), a non-profit that uses a form of artificial intelligence (AI) to translate non-human languages. ESP wants to use its machine learning technology to translate and make this vital information widely available (可得到的) to the public. Raskin emphasized their goal to help conservation by explaining, “The end we are working towards is, can we decode animal communication, discover the non-human language. Along the way and equally important is that we are developing technology that supports biologists and conservation now,” ESP believes that understanding languages can help deepen our relationship with animals and allow us to more efficiently protect them. In the past, understanding the communication of animals was based on long and boring observation. From primate calls of alarms to dolphin whistles, scientists have been fascinated by the different forms of non-human communication present in these animals. With the development of new technologies, researchers have now begun to understand the huge amounts of data available through machine learning. Elodie Briefer, an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen, has recently helped co-develop a pig grunt analyzing software that helps scientists understand whether the pigs are expressing positive or negative emotions. In contrast, ESP is approaching decoding differently, by focusing on all species, not just one. The Earth Species Project believes that there is a likelihood that social species communicate with each other, for instance, whales and dolphins. Although the Earth Species Project believe that understanding AI machine learning data is only one step to full communication, they are hopeful that one day we will be able to understand entire systems of communication. 1．According to Aza Raskin, the goal of Earth Species Project is ________. A．to develop flee advanced AI technology for everyone B．to communicate with animals such as whales and dolphins C．to provide information of animal species for the public D．to help conserve animals by understanding their languages 2．According to the article, the methods scientists have used to discover the communication of animals do NOT include ________. A．spending a lot of time observing animal communications B．using a form of artificial intelligence to translate animal languages C．developing a software to analyze a pig’s emotions through its grunts D．playing recordings of animal sounds to communicate with other social animals 3．Which of the following statement is TRUE according to the article? A．ESP aims to provide free translation service for the public through advanced artificial intelligence technologies. B．Machine learning has made it possible for researchers to understand huge amount of data about animal communication. C．Elodie Briefer has helped develop a software which is exactly what ESP needs to decode animal language. D．Researchers in the Earth Species Project believe that all species on earth can communicate with one another. 4．What is probably the best title for the text? A．Artificial Intelligence and Its Impact on Society B．The Ambition of Earth Species Project C．AI Technology Helps Understand Animal Languages D．Save the Animals and Their Languages 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了为了帮助改变人类对地球环境的影响，一家总部位于加州的组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人们深入理解非人类语言。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Aza Raskin is the co-founder and president of the Earth Species Project (ESP), a non-profit that uses a form of artificial intelligence (AI) to translate non-human languages.(Aza Raskin是地球物种项目(ESP)的联合创始人兼总裁，这是一家使用人工智能(AI)翻译非人类语言的非营利组织)”以及第三段中“Raskin emphasized their goal to help conservation by explaining, ‘The end we are working towards is, can we decode animal communication, discover the non-human language. Along the way and equally important is that we are developing technology that supports biologists and conservation now,’(Raskin强调了他们帮助保护动物的目标，他解释说：‘我们努力的最终目标是，我们能否破译动物的交流，发现非人类的语言。在此过程中，同样重要的是，我们正在开发支持生物学家和保护的技术，’)”可知，地球物种项目的目标是通过了解动物的语言来帮助保护动物的。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages(总部位于加州的一家非营利组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人类更深入地理解非人类语言)”、第四段中“In the past, understanding the communication of animals was based on long and boring observation.(过去，对动物交流的理解是建立在漫长而枯燥的观察基础上的)”和倒数第二段中“Elodie Briefer, an associate professor at the University of Copenhagen, has recently helped co-develop a pig grunt analyzing software that helps scientists understand whether the pigs are expressing positive or negative emotions.(哥本哈根大学副教授Elodie Briefer最近帮助合作开发了一款猪叫声分析软件，该软件可以帮助科学家了解猪是在表达积极的情绪还是消极的情绪)”可知，科学家用来发现动物交流的方法包括使用某种形式的人工智能来翻译动物的语言、花很多时间观察动物的交流以及开发一种软件，通过猪的咕噜声来分析猪的情绪，未提及“播放动物声音的录音来与其他群居动物交流”。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“With the development of new technologies, researchers have now begun to understand the huge amounts of data available through machine learning.(随着新技术的发展，研究人员现在已经开始了解通过机器学习可以获得的大量数据)”可知，机器学习使研究人员能够理解大量关于动物交流的数据。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段“A California-based nonprofit is searching to build an AI language that allows humans more deeply understand non-human languages to help change our ecological impact on our Earth.(总部位于加州的一家非营利组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人类更深入地理解非人类语言，以帮助改变我们对地球的生态影响)”可知，文章主要讲述为了帮助改变人类对地球环境的影响，一家总部位于加州的组织正在寻找一种人工智能语言，让人们深入理解非人类语言。C项“人工智能技术帮助理解动物语言”为最佳标题，故选C。 10 （23-24高一下·河南郑州·阶段练习）A broken heart and a sad ending to a long friendship. That’s something most of us have experienced, or probably will. After all, it’s part of human life. But the experience can be hard to get over. But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. It can help you begin to feel joy and hopefulness about your life again. It can arouse the desire to connect with others. Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart. A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy (同情), and a desire for positive connection with others. That, itself, is psychologically healing. It draws you away from concentration on yourself, and possibly towards helping others in need of comfort. Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was “beautiful but sad” improved their mood. In fact, it did so when the person first consciously accept the situation causing their sadness, and then began listening to the sad music. That is, when they intended that the sad music might help, they found that it did. These findings link with other studies that show accepting your sad situation emotionally leads to healing and growth beyond it. It seems unbelievable but it does make sense. For example, research from Cornell University found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, encourages people to find a pathway through it, beyond it. As Churchill famously said, “If you’re going through hell, keep going.” That discomfort points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It brings hope. 1．What can we learn from Paragraph 3&4? A．Sad music can make people help others. B．Sad music can make sad people feel better. C．Sad music can make people believe in themselves. D．Sad music can make people concentrate on themselves. 2．What does the phrase underlined in the last paragraph mean? A．Hearing a swear word used by enemies. B．Avoiding a place to go after death. C．Getting an extremely pleasant time. D．Having an-unbearable experience. 3．How does the author develop this article? A．By presenting research findings. B．By giving directions. C．By listing authoritative figures. D．By comparing examples. 4．Which of the following can be the best title for the article? A．How to Find Pathways through Heartaches B．How We React to a Broken Heart Matters a Lot C．What We Can Do to Overcome Discomfort in Life D．Why Listening to Sad Music Heals Your Broken Heart 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了听悲伤的音乐在治愈心灵创伤中的作用，相关研究表明，听悲伤的音乐可以帮助人们重新感受到生活的快乐和希望，唤起同理心，并激发与他人建立积极联系的欲望。 1．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Sad music can help heal and uplift you from your broken heart. (悲伤的音乐可以帮助你从破碎的心灵中治愈和振作起来。)”和第四段中“Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was ‘beautiful but sad’ improved their mood. (肯特大学的另一项实验发现，当人们感到悲伤时，听‘美丽但悲伤’的音乐可以改善他们的情绪。)”可知，悲伤的音乐对悲伤的人而言有治愈作用，能改善他们的情绪，即可以让他们感觉好一些。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“That discomfort points you towards creating a plan, a new action. It brings hope.  (这种不适会让你制定一个计划，一个新的行动。它带来了希望。)”可推知，此处描述的一种不适的、糟糕的经历。结合选项内容可知，画线短语意思应该是“有难以忍受的经历”。故选D项。 3． 推理判断题。根据第三段中“A recent study from Germany found the emotional influence of listening to sad music is an arousal of feelings of empathy (同情), and a desire for positive connection with others. (德国最近的一项研究发现，听悲伤的音乐对情绪的影响是一种同理心的唤起，以及与他人建立积极联系的渴望。)”、第四段中“Another experiment, from the University of Kent, found that when people were experiencing sadness, listening to music that was ‘beautiful but sad’ improved their mood. (肯特大学的另一项实验发现，当人们感到悲伤时，听‘美丽但悲伤’的音乐可以改善他们的情绪。)”和最后一段中“For example, research from Cornell University found that accepting discomfort about a life experience or new situation, and viewing it as a step towards growth and change, encourages people to find a pathway through it, beyond it. (例如，康奈尔大学的研究发现，接受对生活经历或新情况的不适，并将其视为迈向成长和改变的一步，会鼓励人们找到克服和超越它的途径。)”可知，文章呈现了多个研究结果，来表明听悲伤音乐的积极作用。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“But research shows there are pathways through the heartache. Listening to sad music is a major one. (但研究表明，心痛是有缓解途径的。听悲伤的音乐是主要的一种途径。)”可知，文章主要介绍了听悲伤的音乐在治愈心灵创伤中的作用，这些作用包括帮助人们重新感受到生活的快乐和希望，唤起同理心，并激发与他人建立积极联系的欲望等。因此，D项“为什么听悲伤的音乐能治愈你破碎的心”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$