考点清单02 名词性从句的用法（主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）【精讲精练】-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲（译林版2020）

专题02 名词性从句的用法（主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句） · 思维导图： · 概述： 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用,这类从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。所以充当主语，表语和同位语的从句叫主语从句， 表语从句和同位语从句。 从句 引导词分类 引导词 用法 名词性从句 从属连词 that(无意义) 不作成分，无意义 whether/if(是否) as if/as though(好像) because(因为) 注：此栏只引导表语从句 不作成分，有意义 连接代词 what(什么) whatever(无论什么) 作主语、宾语、表语、定语，有意义 which(哪一个) whichever(无论哪一个) who(谁) whoever(无论谁) whom(谁) whomever(无论谁) whose(谁的) 连接副词 when(时候) whenever(无论何时) 作状语，有意义 where(哪里) wherever(无论在哪) why(为什么) how(怎样)+often long/ much/soon however(无论如何) · 知识点1：主语从句 1. 定义：在复合句中作主语的句子称为主语从句。 2. 引导词 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that，whether 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用； that无实义，whether表示“是否”。 连接代词 who，what，which，whoever，whatever等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语等成分。 3. 用法 (1)如果表示一般情况，主句的谓语动词通常用第三人称单数，且主语从句本身的时态不受主句时态的影响。 (2)为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首，真正主语放在句末。一般常用句型为： ①It is + n. + that从句。 ②It is + adj. + that从句。 ③It is + 过去分词 + that从句。 ④It turned out that ... 　　 ⑤It hit sb. /occurred to sb. that ...　 It’s obvious that he did well in the final exam because there was an excited expression on his face. 很明显,他期末考试考得很好,因为他脸上带着兴奋的表情。 2. that引导主语从句时通常不能省略,尤其是位于句首时。 3.主语从句中常用it作形式主语的句型有: It’s vital that we should take effective measures to protect the environment. 我们应该采取有效措施来保护环境,这是至关重要的。 It’s an honour that I can invite you to attend our evening party on behalf of the whole class. 我很荣幸能代表全班邀请你来参加我们的晚会。 It’s reported that a marathon will be held in our city next week. 据报道,下周我们市将举办一次马拉松比赛。 It is strange that Tom (should)hold his breath for nearly a minute under the water. 真奇怪,汤姆竟然能在水下屏住呼吸将近一分钟。 It is required that students (should) wear school uniforms at school from Monday to Friday. 学生被要求周一到周五在校穿校服。 It appeared that something had happened to him because he looked very sad. 他看上去好像出了什么事,因为他看起来很伤心。 *It occurred to me that I had left the door unlocked. 我突然想起我忘记锁门了。 4. 注意 (1)从句的意思完整时用that引导，that在从句中没有意义且不能省略。 (2)引导置于句首的主语从句时，只能用whether，不能用if。 (3)what, whatever, whoever引导主语从句时，既可在从句中作主语也可作宾语，what还可在从句作表语。 (4) 在上述it充当形式主语的句型中,若形容词是important, necessary, strange, natural, vital, essential等,过去分词中的动词是表“建议、命令、要求、请求”的动词,如suggest, advise, recommend, propose, order, command, require, request, urge,demand等,那么that从句中的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,其中should可以省略。 · 知识点2：表语从句 1. 定义：在复合句中，由一个句子作表语，这个句子就叫作表语从句。 2. 表语从句常用以下引导词： 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that，whether 两者在从句中都不作成分，that无实义；whether意为“是否”，通常不能用if替换 连接代词 who，whose，what，which等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语(who除外)等成分 连接副词 when，why，where，how等 在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语等成分 其他 because 主句主语一般不用reason as if/though 表语从句表示的情况发生的可能性较小时常用虚拟语气 3. 用法 (1)可以接在be, look, remain, seem等连系动词后面。 (2)表语从句用陈述语序。 (3)This is because ...意为“这是因为……”，指原因或理由；This is why ...意为“这就是为什么……；因此……”，指由于各种原因所造成的后果。 注意：(1) that在表语从句中通常不可省略；(2)引导表语从句时，用whether，不用if · 知识点3：同位语从句 1. 定义：在复合句中充当同位语的句子。同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词(fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，wish，promise，answer，evidence，report，explanation，suggestion，conclusion等)进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。 2. 同位语从句的引导词 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that，whether 二者均在从句中不作成分； that无实义，whether意为“是否”。 连接代词 who，what等 有实义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when，where，how等 有实义，在从句中作时间、地点、方式状语等成分。 3. 用法 (1)that引导的同位语从句： ①that引导同位语从句时，从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。 ②that在从句中不充当句子成分，没有具体的意思，只起连接作用，但不能省略。 (2)whether引导同位语从句时不能与if互换。 (3)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开。 (4)名词suggestion，order，demand，command，request，desire，proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”，should可省略。 【易混辨析1】同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别 同位语从句 连接词that只起连接作用,在从句中不充当任何句子成分 定语从句 关系代词that在句中作宾语或主语,与先行词之间有修饰关系 The news that I have passed the maths exam is true.我通过了数学考试这一消息是真的。(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容) The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息) 【易混辨析2】whether与if引导名词性从句的区别 whether和if都可以表示“是否”，但是在引导具体的名词性从句时，两者是有区别的： 只用whether不用if引导的从句 可以用if来引导的从句(if表示“是否”) 1. 主语从句置于句首时 1. 动词或形容词后面的宾语从句 2. 表语从句 3. 同位语从句 4. 介词后面的宾语从句 2. it作形式主语而后置的主语从句也可用if来引导。 5. 直接与or not连用 6. 在不定式前，与不定式构成to do结构 The question is whether it is worth doing.问题是是否值得这样做。 · 知识点4：方法点拨 方法1：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。 e.g. ________ close parents are to their children has a great effect on the character of the children. 分析句子结构可知，“______close parents are to their children”是主语从句，指父母与孩子的亲密程度，用how引导从句，修饰形容词close。该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填How。 方法2：一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词。指物用what，whatever；指人用who，whoever。 e.g. This means that ________ you do is more important than what you say. “what”是一个引导名词性从句的连接代词，在这里引导主语从句，表示“所……的”。在这个句子中，“what you do”是主语从句，表示你所做的事情。what作宾语。该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 方法3：如果不缺少主语或宾语，要看从句是否有疑问。如果没有疑问用that，有疑问则根据句意使用when，where，why，how，whether等。 e.g. There is still some doubt ________ the sports meeting will be held in our school next Friday because of the possible rain. 说明doubt的内容，引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。 【真题演练】 1.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote. 2.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer. 3.(2021新高考I卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. __________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 4.(2021天津卷)What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas. 5.(2020浙江卷)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on __________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 基础训练 1．（2025高二下·海南海口·开学考试） we need more food depends on how many people turn up. 2．（2025高二下·广东东莞·阶段练习）In fact, we should do is take measures to learn English well. 3．（2025高二上·福建福州·期末）There is no escape from the long arm of the law. breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 4．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习） he will come or not is still unknown. 5． It is believed the divisions between races will disappear some day. 6．It is unknown he has agreed to my plan. 7． I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 8． It’s true inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked. 9． Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone, so who cares? 10．（2025高二上·福建漳州·期末） I want to emphasize is that you should make it a rule to speak Mandarin. 11．（2025高二上·江西南昌·期末）The rumor the company was going to lay off a significant number of employees spread quickly through the office. 12．（2025高二下·山东济宁·阶段练习）There is no doubt human beings should restrict coal consumption and promote a harmonious relationship with nature. 13． I set the table for eight people, on the assumption Jo would come. 14． The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short­wave radiation. 15． The fact the earth is round is known to all. 16． There is no doubt their team will win the final game. 17．（2025高二上·江西南昌·期末）The essence of good leadership is you inspire and motivate your team to achieve their goals. 18．（2025高二上·福建福州·期末）A philosopher knows that in reality he knows very little. That is he constantly tries to achieve true insight. 19．（2025高二上·新疆乌鲁木齐·期末）Recently many people have no idea of buying a house. I think the reason may be the house price is too high. 20．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）My suggestion is we should start early tomorrow. 21．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）The reason why he was late for school was his bike broke down on the way. 22．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）That is I was born and grew up. 23． It looks as a compromise agreement has now been reached. 24． The village is no longer it used to be. 25． I read about it in some book or another, but what I don’t know is book it is. 26． The problem is we can get to replace her. 27．The first time we met each other was we studied in that school. 28． This is makes them so special. 29．（2025高二上·山东济宁·期末）Students’ overall development is the key to better education lies. 30． It seems he has known the truth. 提升训练 Ⅰ单句写作 1．如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。 2．使他成为如此杰出和富有创造力的科学家的原因可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，比如音乐和绘画。(主语从句) 3．真正重要的是你的决心和毅力。(what引导主语从句) 4．女孩在阅读方面表现优于男孩，这与女孩更享受阅读有关。 5．事实是他该为那次事故负责。 (that引导表语从句，blame) 6．让我印象最深的是他总是致力于帮助别人。(用主语从句翻译) 7．对志愿者来说，重要的不是能为别人做多少，而是能从中获得帮助他人的快感。(not..but..) (汉译英) 8．最使我们惊讶的是他在这么短的时间内取得了如此大的进步。 9．让我印象最深刻的是在上周举办的活动中学生们对英语有着强烈的热爱。(用主语从句和表语从句翻译) 10．今天早上我上班迟到的原因是我的车在路上抛锚了。(reason n．) Ⅱ句型转换 1．Schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds. This impressed Liu Yang.（用It … that合并句子） 2．Does he arrange for a car to pick me up at the airport? This still remains a question.(用主语从句合并句子) 3．Students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework. This was not something that Chen Hao was ready for.（用that合并句子） 4．Our school volleyball team had won the championship. The news encouraged us all greatly. (用同位语从句合并句子) 5．The reason why he died young was that he paid no attention to health. (句型转换) →①He paid no attention to health. he died young. ②He died young. he paid no attention to health. 6．He asked the question. Will they come to the party?(合并成一个含有表语从句的句子) 7．I don’t understand something. Why did she make such a choice?(合并成一个含有表语从句的句子) 8．Whether we can succeed or not. It depends on our efforts.(合并成一个句子) 9．A rainstorm is likely to come. I have just heard a warning on the radio. (用名词性从句改写) →I have just heard a warning on the radio ． 10．If she was sick, I was expected to take her place. This surprised me. I didn’t have much work experience. (改写为复合句) →The news surprised me, ． 6 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 名词性从句的用法（主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句） · 思维导图： · 概述： 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句。根据它们在句中的语法作用,这类从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。所以充当主语，表语和同位语的从句叫主语从句， 表语从句和同位语从句。 从句 引导词分类 引导词 用法 名词性从句 从属连词 that(无意义) 不作成分，无意义 whether/if(是否) as if/as though(好像) because(因为) 注：此栏只引导表语从句 不作成分，有意义 连接代词 what(什么) whatever(无论什么) 作主语、宾语、表语、定语，有意义 which(哪一个) whichever(无论哪一个) who(谁) whoever(无论谁) whom(谁) whomever(无论谁) whose(谁的) 连接副词 when(时候) whenever(无论何时) 作状语，有意义 where(哪里) wherever(无论在哪) why(为什么) how(怎样)+often long/ much/soon however(无论如何) · 知识点1：主语从句 1. 定义：在复合句中作主语的句子称为主语从句。 2. 引导词 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that，whether 两者在从句中均不作成分，只起连接作用； that无实义，whether表示“是否”。 连接代词 who，what，which，whoever，whatever等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when，where，how，why等 在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语等成分。 3. 用法 (1)如果表示一般情况，主句的谓语动词通常用第三人称单数，且主语从句本身的时态不受主句时态的影响。 (2)为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常把形式主语it放在句首，真正主语放在句末。一般常用句型为： ①It is + n. + that从句。 ②It is + adj. + that从句。 ③It is + 过去分词 + that从句。 ④It turned out that ... 　　 ⑤It hit sb. /occurred to sb. that ...　 It’s obvious that he did well in the final exam because there was an excited expression on his face. 很明显,他期末考试考得很好,因为他脸上带着兴奋的表情。 2. that引导主语从句时通常不能省略,尤其是位于句首时。 3.主语从句中常用it作形式主语的句型有: It’s vital that we should take effective measures to protect the environment. 我们应该采取有效措施来保护环境,这是至关重要的。 It’s an honour that I can invite you to attend our evening party on behalf of the whole class. 我很荣幸能代表全班邀请你来参加我们的晚会。 It’s reported that a marathon will be held in our city next week. 据报道,下周我们市将举办一次马拉松比赛。 It is strange that Tom (should)hold his breath for nearly a minute under the water. 真奇怪,汤姆竟然能在水下屏住呼吸将近一分钟。 It is required that students (should) wear school uniforms at school from Monday to Friday. 学生被要求周一到周五在校穿校服。 It appeared that something had happened to him because he looked very sad. 他看上去好像出了什么事,因为他看起来很伤心。 *It occurred to me that I had left the door unlocked. 我突然想起我忘记锁门了。 4. 注意 (1)从句的意思完整时用that引导，that在从句中没有意义且不能省略。 (2)引导置于句首的主语从句时，只能用whether，不能用if。 (3)what, whatever, whoever引导主语从句时，既可在从句中作主语也可作宾语，what还可在从句作表语。 (4) 在上述it充当形式主语的句型中,若形容词是important, necessary, strange, natural, vital, essential等,过去分词中的动词是表“建议、命令、要求、请求”的动词,如suggest, advise, recommend, propose, order, command, require, request, urge,demand等,那么that从句中的谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟语气,其中should可以省略。 · 知识点2：表语从句 1. 定义：在复合句中，由一个句子作表语，这个句子就叫作表语从句。 2. 表语从句常用以下引导词： 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that，whether 两者在从句中都不作成分，that无实义；whether意为“是否”，通常不能用if替换 连接代词 who，whose，what，which等 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语(who除外)等成分 连接副词 when，why，where，how等 在从句中作时间、原因、地点、方式状语等成分 其他 because 主句主语一般不用reason as if/though 表语从句表示的情况发生的可能性较小时常用虚拟语气 3. 用法 (1)可以接在be, look, remain, seem等连系动词后面。 (2)表语从句用陈述语序。 (3)This is because ...意为“这是因为……”，指原因或理由；This is why ...意为“这就是为什么……；因此……”，指由于各种原因所造成的后果。 注意：(1) that在表语从句中通常不可省略；(2)引导表语从句时，用whether，不用if · 知识点3：同位语从句 1. 定义：在复合句中充当同位语的句子。同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词(fact，news，idea，truth，hope，problem，information，wish，promise，answer，evidence，report，explanation，suggestion，conclusion等)进行解释说明，被解释说明的词和同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。 2. 同位语从句的引导词 类别 例词 说明 从属连词 that，whether 二者均在从句中不作成分； that无实义，whether意为“是否”。 连接代词 who，what等 有实义，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。 连接副词 when，where，how等 有实义，在从句中作时间、地点、方式状语等成分。 3. 用法 (1)that引导的同位语从句： ①that引导同位语从句时，从句为一个句意完整的陈述句。 ②that在从句中不充当句子成分，没有具体的意思，只起连接作用，但不能省略。 (2)whether引导同位语从句时不能与if互换。 (3)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开。 (4)名词suggestion，order，demand，command，request，desire，proposal等后的同位语从句要使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋do”，should可省略。 【易混辨析1】同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别 同位语从句 连接词that只起连接作用,在从句中不充当任何句子成分 定语从句 关系代词that在句中作宾语或主语,与先行词之间有修饰关系 The news that I have passed the maths exam is true.我通过了数学考试这一消息是真的。(同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容) The news that he told me just now is true.他刚才告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息) 【易混辨析2】whether与if引导名词性从句的区别 whether和if都可以表示“是否”，但是在引导具体的名词性从句时，两者是有区别的： 只用whether不用if引导的从句 可以用if来引导的从句(if表示“是否”) 1. 主语从句置于句首时 1. 动词或形容词后面的宾语从句 2. 表语从句 3. 同位语从句 4. 介词后面的宾语从句 2. it作形式主语而后置的主语从句也可用if来引导。 5. 直接与or not连用 6. 在不定式前，与不定式构成to do结构 The question is whether it is worth doing.问题是是否值得这样做。 · 知识点4：方法点拨 方法1：根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构判断是否是名词性从句。 e.g. ________ close parents are to their children has a great effect on the character of the children. 分析句子结构可知，“______close parents are to their children”是主语从句，指父母与孩子的亲密程度，用how引导从句，修饰形容词close。该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填How。 方法2：一旦判断是名词性从句，就根据名词性从句中缺少什么句子成分来确定选用什么连接词。若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词。指物用what，whatever；指人用who，whoever。 e.g. This means that ________ you do is more important than what you say. “what”是一个引导名词性从句的连接代词，在这里引导主语从句，表示“所……的”。在这个句子中，“what you do”是主语从句，表示你所做的事情。what作宾语。该单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。 方法3：如果不缺少主语或宾语，要看从句是否有疑问。如果没有疑问用that，有疑问则根据句意使用when，where，why，how，whether等。 e.g. There is still some doubt ________ the sports meeting will be held in our school next Friday because of the possible rain. 说明doubt的内容，引导同位语从句，从句不缺少成分，表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。 【真题演练】 1.（2024浙江1月卷）If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote. 答案：what 解析：考查表语从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。 2.（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is _________ they need an English trainer. 答案：why。 解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。 3.(2021新高考I卷)Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song “The Long and Winding Road”. __________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. 答案：What。 解析：考查名词性从句。该句的“_______ is so breathtaking about the experience”是主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用What。 4.(2021天津卷)What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas. 答案：why。 解析：考查名词性从句引导词。句意：令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。分析句子，该空需要一个表语从句的连接词，结合句意，应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。 5.(2020浙江卷)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on __________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 答案： what。 解析：考查名词性从句。句意：在几千年的时间里，他们开始减少对我们从野外采集的猎物的依赖，而更多地依赖他们饲养的动物和播种的庄稼。分析句子，宾语从句部分缺主语，所以引导词应为“连接代词”。根据句意，此处缺“什么”之意。故填what。 基础训练 1．（2025高二下·海南海口·开学考试） we need more food depends on how many people turn up. 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们是否需要更多的食物取决于有多少人来。_____ we need more food在句中作主语，所以空处引导主语从句。结合depends可知，这里表示我们是否需要更多的食物，表示“是否”且在句首引导主语从句，应用whether。首字母大写，故填Whether。 2．（2025高二下·广东东莞·阶段练习）In fact, we should do is take measures to learn English well. 【答案】what 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：事实上，我们应该做的是采取措施学好英语。此处需要使用连词引导主语从句，连词在从句中充当“do”的宾语，指事或物，因此需使用连接词what。故填what。 3．（2025高二上·福建福州·期末）There is no escape from the long arm of the law. breaks the law will sooner or later be caught and will be punished. 【答案】Whoever 【详解】考查连接大词。句意：法律的长臂无处不在。任何违法的人迟早会被抓住并受到惩罚。空处引导主语从句，表示 “无论谁”，用whoever引导主语从句，首字母大写。故填Whoever。 4．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习） he will come or not is still unknown. 【答案】Whether 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他来不来还不知道。结合句意及or可知，此处是whether引导主语从句，whether...or“是……还是……”，首字母应大写，故填Whether。 5． It is believed the divisions between races will disappear some day. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意：人们相信，种族之间的分歧总有一天会消失。分析句子可知，“It”为形式主语，真正主语为“  ______ the divisions between races will disappear some day”，即，主语从句，从句结构和句意完整，应是用“that”作引导词。故填that。 6．It is unknown he has agreed to my plan. 【答案】whether/if 【详解】考查连接词。句意：他是否同意我的计划还不知道。空处引导主语从句，从句不缺成分，根据句意可知，空处表示 “是否”连接词为whether/if，引导主语从句。故填whether/if。 7． I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too! 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我真正钦佩的是她承认良好的健康不仅让我们更美丽，而且也让我们更快乐的方式！“_________ I really admire”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，结合句意，表示“(我真正钦佩的)事情”，用连接代词what引导主语从句；句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 8． It’s true inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldn’t be completely overlooked. 【答案】that 【详解】考查连接词。句意：内在美确实很重要，但外在美也不应该被完全忽视。it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。故填that。 9． Dad thinks I am a narcissist, but I say is that my pictures aren’t hurting anyone, so who cares? 【答案】what 【详解】考查连接词。句意：爸爸觉得我是个自恋狂，但我要说的是我的照片不会伤害任何人，所以谁在乎呢？空处引导主语从句，主语从句缺少宾语，指代说的内容，应用连接代词what。故填what。 10．（2025高二上·福建漳州·期末） I want to emphasize is that you should make it a rule to speak Mandarin. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我想要强调的是你应该养成说普通话的习惯。设空处引导主语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示“所……的事情”，应用what，句首单词首字母大写，故填What。 11．（2025高二上·江西南昌·期末）The rumor the company was going to lay off a significant number of employees spread quickly through the office. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：公司要大量裁员的谣言很快在办公室里传开了。空格处引导的是同位语从句，说明rumor的具体内容，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导同位语从句，故填that。 12．（2025高二下·山东济宁·阶段练习）There is no doubt human beings should restrict coal consumption and promote a harmonious relationship with nature. 【答案】that 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，人类应该限制煤炭消费，促进与自然的和谐关系。there is no doubt that...“毫无疑问……”是固定句型，that引导同位语从句对名词doubt进行解释说明。故填that。 13． I set the table for eight people, on the assumption Jo would come. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我为八个人设置了桌子，假设乔会来。空处引导同位语从句，用来解释说明名词assumption，从句句意完整不缺少任何成分，应用无任何意义的that引导，故填that。 14． The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact heat from the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short­wave radiation. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：“自然”温室效应指的是太阳的热量进入大气层，以短波辐射的形式使地球表面变暖。分析句子可知，“the fact”后面是同位语从句，解释说明“fact”的内容，从句结构和意义完整，用“that”引导同位语从句。故填that。 15． The fact the earth is round is known to all. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：地球是圆的事实是众所周知的。根据空前The fact和空后the earth is round可知，“_____ the earth is round”是对名词fact的内容进行解释说明，是同位语从句，从句中不缺成分，句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 16． There is no doubt their team will win the final game. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：毫无疑问，他们队将赢得最后一场比赛。“there is no doubt that”意为“……毫无疑问”，为固定句式，that引导的是doubt的同位语从句。故填that。 17．（2025高二上·江西南昌·期末）The essence of good leadership is you inspire and motivate your team to achieve their goals. 【答案】how 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：优秀领导的本质在于你如何激励和鼓舞团队实现他们的目标。空处引导表语从句，表示如何激励和鼓舞团队，在从句中作方式状语，应用连接副词how引导从句。故填how。 18．（2025高二上·福建福州·期末）A philosopher knows that in reality he knows very little. That is he constantly tries to achieve true insight. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：一位哲学家知道在现实中他知之甚少。这就是他不断努力获得真正洞察力的原因。空处用why引导一个表语从句，解释前面提到的“That is”的原因。故填why。 19．（2025高二上·新疆乌鲁木齐·期末）Recently many people have no idea of buying a house. I think the reason may be the house price is too high. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：最近很多人不打算买房。我想原因可能是房价太高。空格处到句末为完整的分句，且在be动词后面，因此空格处应填入引导表语从句的引导词that，that只起连接主从句的作用，在从句中不作成分。在正式用语或书面语中，不应省略。故填that。 20．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）My suggestion is we should start early tomorrow. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我的建议是我们明天早点出发。分析句子可知，“My suggestion is ______ we should start early tomorrow.”中，“is”是系动词，“______ we should start early tomorrow”是表语从句。因为表语从句“we should start early tomorrow”结构和意义都完整，不缺少任何成分，所以用连接词“that”引导表语从句，“that”在表语从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何具体成分。故填that。 21．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）The reason why he was late for school was his bike broke down on the way. 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：他上学迟到的原因是他的自行车在路上坏了。“The reason why...is/was that...”是一个固定句型，意为“……的原因是……”，“why he was late for school”是定语从句，修饰先行词“The reason”，“that his bike broke down on the way”是表语从句，说明原因的具体内容。在这个句子中，表语从句“his bike broke down on the way”结构和意义都完整，所以用“that”引导，“that”在表语从句中只起连接作用，不充当任何成分。故填that。 22．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）That is I was born and grew up. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：那是我出生和长大的地方。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用连接副词where引导。故填where。 23． It looks as a compromise agreement has now been reached. 【答案】if/ though 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：看起来似乎已经达成了妥协协议。“as if/though”是固定搭配，意为“好像”，本句中引导表语从句。故填if/though。 24． The village is no longer it used to be. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这个村庄不再是它过去的样子了。“ it used to be”是表语从句，从句缺少表语，结合句意，表示“……的样子；……的事物”，应用连接代词what引导从句。故填what。 25． I read about it in some book or another, but what I don’t know is book it is. 【答案】which 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我在某本书里读到过关于它的内容，但我不知道它是哪一本书。“ book it is”是表语从句，结合句意，表达“哪一本书”，应用连词which引导从句。故填which。 26． The problem is we can get to replace her. 【答案】who 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们能找谁来代替她。“ we can get to replace her”是表语从句。从句谓语动词get后面缺少宾语，结合句意，表示“(我们能找)谁”，应用连接代词who引导表语从句。故填who。 27．The first time we met each other was we studied in that school. 【答案】when 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我们第一次见面是在那所学校读书的时候。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少时间状语，需用连接副词when引导。故填when。 28． This is makes them so special. 【答案】what 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们的特别之处。引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。 29．（2025高二上·山东济宁·期末）Students’ overall development is the key to better education lies. 【答案】where 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：学生的全面发展是提高教育质量的关键所在。引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故用where。故填where。 30． It seems he has known the truth. 【答案】that 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：看起来他已经知道了真相。“It seems that…”为固定句型，意为“看起来……”，that引导表语从句。故填that。 提升训练 Ⅰ单句写作 1．如何实现这一目标成为当时一个颇具挑战性的问题。 【答案】How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. 【详解】考查主语从句和时态。“如何实现这一目标”用主语从句表达，连接副词how在主语从句中作方式状语，从句谓语动词do (做)用情态动词的被动语态could be done，challenging (挑战性的)，question (问题)，a challenging question (一个颇具挑战性的问题)，at the time (当时)提示事情已发生，时态一般过去时，再结合其它汉语提示，故翻译为：How this could be done was a challenging question at the time. 2．使他成为如此杰出和富有创造力的科学家的原因可能是他对其他事物的强烈兴趣，比如音乐和绘画。(主语从句) 【答案】What might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. 【详解】考查主语从句，时态和短语。根据中文意思，主句主语是“使他成为如此杰出和富有创造力的科学家的原因”，根据句意表示过去发生的事情推测，用might have done，表示“……的（原因）”用what引导主语从家，故翻译为What might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist， such an outstanding and creative scientist表示“如此杰出和富有创造力的科学家”，之后是谓语动词用系动词was，讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，表述“可能是”，用probably修饰，后接表语，即“他对其他事物的强烈兴趣”，译为his strong interest in other things，“比如音乐和绘画”译为such as music and drawing，故译为What might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist was probably his strong interest in other things, such as music and drawing. 3．真正重要的是你的决心和毅力。(what引导主语从句) 【答案】What really matters is your determination and perseverance 【详解】考查主语从句、时态和名词。由句意此处应用what引导的主语从句作主语，what在从句中作主语，表示“重要；有关系；起作用”应用动词matter，作主语从句的谓语动词，此处应用一般现在时，单个的主语从句作主语谓语动词应用单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时，表示“决心和毅力”应用名词determination and perseverance，作表语，故翻译为What really matters is your determination and perseverance。 4．女孩在阅读方面表现优于男孩，这与女孩更享受阅读有关。 【答案】Girls outperform boys in reading, which is related to the fact that girls enjoy reading more. 【详解】考查动词、介词短语、时态、定语从句和同位语从句。“女孩在阅读方面表现优于男孩”是主句，主语“女孩”用名词girls，谓语“表现优于”用动词outperform，描述一般性的事实用一般现在时态，使用outperform(主语为复数，谓语用原形)，宾语“男孩”用名词boys，状语“在阅读方面”用介词短语in reading；后接非限制性定语从句“这与女孩更享受阅读有关”，关系词指代主句全部内容，在从句中作主语，用which引导，从句谓语“与……有关”用短语be related to，描述一般性的事实用一般现在时态，即is related to，“女孩更享受阅读”陈述一个事实，可增加名词the fact作宾语，再用同位语从句that girls enjoy reading more对其内容进行解释说明，同位语从句中描述一般性的事实，也用一般现在时态。综上，全句译为：Girls outperform boys in reading, which is related to the fact that girls enjoy reading more. 5．事实是他该为那次事故负责。 (that引导表语从句，blame) 【答案】The fact is that he is to blame for the accident. 【详解】考查表语从句和短语。表示“事实”用the fact，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，be动词用is，that引导表语从句，引出事实内容，表示“为……负责”用be to blame for，表示“那次事故”用the accident。故翻译为The fact is that he is to blame for the accident. 6．让我印象最深的是他总是致力于帮助别人。(用主语从句翻译) 【答案】What impresses me most is that he is always committed to helping others. 【详解】考查主语从句。句子陈述目前事实，应用一般形式，“令某人印象深刻的是……”可用句型What impresses sb. most is that……，what引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”。“我”用人称代词的宾格me，作动词的宾语。that引导表语从句，从句的主语为he，“致力于”可用固定短语be committed to，to为介词。“帮助别人”可以翻译为help others。此处help需要动名词作介词的宾语。故翻译为What impresses me most is that he is always committed to helping others. 7．对志愿者来说，重要的不是能为别人做多少，而是能从中获得帮助他人的快感。(not..but..) (汉译英) 【答案】What matters to volunteers is not how much they can do for others but that they can gain the joy of helping other people. 【详解】考查主语从句，表语从句，时态和固定句型。“对于志愿者来说重要的”应用主语从句what matters to volunteers，描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语是从句，谓语第三人称单数，“（他们）能为别人做多少”是表语从句译为how much they can do for others，“（他们）能从中获得帮助他人的快感”也是表语从句译为they can gain the joy of helping other people，从句成份和意义都完整，用that引导，两个表语从句用not...but...句型连接，故翻译为What matters to volunteers is not how much they can do for others but that they can gain the joy of helping other people. 8．最使我们惊讶的是他在这么短的时间内取得了如此大的进步。 【答案】What surprised us most was that he had made so much progress in such a short time. 【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、动词短语、介词短语和时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，该句为主语从句和表语从句分别作主语和表语的复合句型。在该主语从句中，表示“最使我们惊讶的是”可译为What surprised us most；在表语从句中，表示“取得了如此大的进步”应为动词短语have made so much progress；表示“在这么短的时间内”应为介词短语in such a short time；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时，表语从句的动词为过去完成时。故翻译为：What surprised us most was that he had made so much progress in such a short time. 9．让我印象最深刻的是在上周举办的活动中学生们对英语有着强烈的热爱。(用主语从句和表语从句翻译) 【答案】What impressed me most is that students have a strong passion for English in the event held last week. 【详解】考查主语从句和表语从句。表示“让我印象最深刻的是”用what impressed me most is that...此处what引导主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，意为“让我印象深刻的事”故用what，同时主语从句表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时，impress意为“使印象深刻”，此处用impressed，that引导表语从句，从句表述内容为客观事实，故使用一般现在时，表示“学生们对英语有着强烈的热爱”用students have a strong passion for English，此处have a passion意为“对……充满热情”，表示“在上周举办的活动中”用in the event held last week，表示“举办”用hold，表示“活动”用event，二者之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作后置定语，表示“上个星期”用last week。故答案为What impressed me most is that students have a strong passion for English in the event held last week. 10．今天早上我上班迟到的原因是我的车在路上抛锚了。(reason n．) 【答案】The reason why I was late for work this morning is that my car broke down on the way. 【详解】考查定语从句及表语从句。这里含有一个定语从句，先行词是The reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，用关系副词why引导；这里含有一个表语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，用that引导，break down发生故障，该短语是固定短语，所以填The reason why I was late for work this morning is that my car broke down on the way. Ⅱ句型转换 1．Schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds. This impressed Liu Yang.（用It … that合并句子） 【答案】It impressed Liu Yang that schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：美国的学校是相当多元文化的，学生和老师来自许多不同的种族背景。这给刘洋留下了深刻的印象。两个句子可以合并成it作形式主语的句子，构成：it impressed sb that。it作形式主语，真正的主语是that schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds. 2．Does he arrange for a car to pick me up at the airport? This still remains a question.(用主语从句合并句子) 【答案】Whether he arranges for a car to pick me up at the airport still remains a question. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他是否安排一辆车去机场接我还是个问题。分析原句可知，this所指代的内容为“Does he arrange for a car to pick me up at the airport?”，this作主语，所以第一句可转换为连接词引导的主语从句，第一句为一般疑问句，句中不缺成份，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处为whether引导主语从句代替this，表示“是否”，将一般疑问句改为陈述句，原句为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以主语从句的谓语动词为第三人称单数形式arranges，位于句首单词whether首字母需大写。故答案为Whether he arranges for a car to pick me up at the airport still remains a question. 3．Students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework. This was not something that Chen Hao was ready for.（用that合并句子） 【答案】That students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework was not something that Chen Hao was ready for. 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：作为课程作业的一部分，学生们必须写无数的研究论文。这是陈浩始料未及的。This指代前面的句子Students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework。所以把Students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework变成主语从句，连接词为that。故填That students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework was not something that Chen Hao was ready for. 4．Our school volleyball team had won the championship. The news encouraged us all greatly. (用同位语从句合并句子) 【答案】The news that our school volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：我们学校的排球队赢得了冠军。这消息大大地鼓舞了我们大家。“Our school volleyball team had won the championship.”是对名词news内容的说明，可处理为同位语从句，从句不缺少成分且句意完整，用连词that引导该从句；“The news encouraged us all greatly.”作主句，同位语从句置于名词news之后，其它部分不变。故答案为：The news that our school volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 5．The reason why he died young was that he paid no attention to health. (句型转换) →①He paid no attention to health. he died young. ②He died young. he paid no attention to health. 【答案】 That was why That was because 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：①他不注意健康。那就是他为什么英年早逝。②他英年早逝。那是因为他不注重健康。第一空后表示结果，使用That was why“那就是为什么……”；第二空后表示原因，使用That was because“那是因为……”。why和because均是引导表语从句。故填①That was why②That was because。 6．He asked the question. Will they come to the party?(合并成一个含有表语从句的句子) 【答案】The question that he asked was whether they would come to the party. 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。句意：他问了这个问题。他们会来参加聚会吗？按照题目要求把两个句子合并成一个含有表语从句的句子。主语为the question，且为定语从句的先行词，关系词在定语从句中做宾语，关系代词为that，表述为：The question that he asked；表语从句用whether来引导，表示过去将要发生的动作，为过去将来时。表述为：whether they would come to the party。故答案为：The question that he asked was whether they would come to the party. 7．I don’t understand something. Why did she make such a choice?(合并成一个含有表语从句的句子) 【答案】The thing that I don’t understand is why she made such a choice. 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：我不理解的事是她为什么做这样的一个选择。主句主语为“The thing”，句子描述了客观事实，谓语动词用is，将第二个句子变为表语从句，从句使用陈述句语序，表语从句为why she made such a choice，另外，“我不理解的事”用定语从句表示，引导词指先行词The thing，在从句中作宾语，用that引导，从句为that I don’t understand，置于先行词The thing之后。故答案是The thing that I don’t understand is why she made such a choice。 8．Whether we can succeed or not. It depends on our efforts.(合并成一个句子) 【答案】Whether we can succeed or not depends on our efforts. 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：我们能否成功取决于我们的努力。原句中 “Whether we can succeed or not” 是主语从句，表示 “我们是否能够成功” 这一概念整体作句子的主语，是单数，用“depends on our efforts” 作谓语部分，表示 “取决于我们的努力”。合并后 “Whether we succeed or not” 直接作主语，整个句子结构为主语从句作主语的主从复合句，清晰地表达出成功与否取决于努力这一语义关系。故答案为Whether we can succeed or not depends on our efforts. 9．A rainstorm is likely to come. I have just heard a warning on the radio. (用名词性从句改写) →I have just heard a warning on the radio ． 【答案】that a rainstorm is likely to come 【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：暴风雨可能要来了。我刚刚在收音机里听到了一个警告。分析句子可知，原句是两个简单句，第一句“A rainstorm is likely to come.”是第二句中名词“warning”的具体内容，故可将第一句改写为名词性从句中的同位语从句，具体说明warning的内容，从句结构、意义完整，用that引导。故答案是I have just heard a warning on the radio that a rainstorm is likely to come. 10．If she was sick, I was expected to take her place. This surprised me. I didn’t have much work experience. (改写为复合句) →The news surprised me, ． 【答案】 that if she was sick, I was expected to take her place because I didn’t have much work experience/for I didn’t have much work experience/as I didn’t have much work experience/since I didn’t have much work experience 【详解】考查同位语从句和原因状语从句。句意：如果她生病了，就由我来接替她的工作，这让我很吃惊，因为我没有太多的工作经验。根据句意以及句子结构，第一空应为连接词引导的同位语从句解释“the news”，从句的内容为“If she was sick, I was expected to take her place”，不缺少句子成分，且句意完整，所以使用that引导；结合句意可知，第二空应为原因状语从句，解释“吃惊”的原因，引导原因状语从句的连词为because/for/as/since。故填①that if she was sick, I was expected to take her place②because/for/as/since I didn’t have much work experience 14 / 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$