考点清单01 非限制定语从句的用法【精讲精练】-2024-2025学年高二英语下学期期中考点大串讲（译林版2020）

专题01 非限制定语从句的用法 · 思维到图： · 概述： 非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。没有它,主句也能独立存在;非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切,它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需注意的是,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 · 知识点1：关系代词引导的非限制定语从句 1.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 They have devoted themselves to building the village all the life, which makes them respected. 他们这一辈子都投入到了建设乡村的事业中，这使得他们备受尊敬。 2.who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 In a lift, on a subway or on a bus, we are always surrounded by people, who are like us, focusing on their smart phones. 在电梯、地铁或公交车上，我们总是被人群包围，他们和我们一样，专注于他们的智能手机。 3.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,一般不能省略。 Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民无异。 In reality, people under thirty account for most of the netizens, some of whom are addicted to the Internet.事实上，30岁以下的人占网民总数的大多数，其中一些人对网络上瘾。 4.whose既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语,先行词是人时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+of whom。先行词是物时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+of which。 Li Lei, whose father is a teacher, is my deskmate who often helps me with my English.李雷,他的父亲是一名教师,是我的同桌,他经常帮助我学习英语。 I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week, whose taste was beyond imagination. 我上周在苏州尝了一道传统菜，味道超乎想象。 5.as既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。 As I suspected, you’re not Jimmy Wells,” he said, impatiently with anger. “正如我所怀疑的，你不是吉米·韦尔斯，”他愤怒且不耐烦的说道。 【易混辨析】 as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别 项目 as which 指代 引导的从句通常指代整个主句的内容 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容,又可指代主句的一部分 位置 引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导的从句不能位于主句之前 意义 正如,正像 这,这一点 It turned out to be sunny the next day, as was expected. 不出所料,第二天天气晴朗。 China has built thousands of modern buildings, many of which are specially designed to serve foreign companies. 中国已经建造了成百上千的现代化大厦，其中许多是专门设计服务于外国企业。 【知识延伸】 as和which引导非限制性定语从句时还有以下方面的不同: (1)在从句中作定语时,要用which,不用as。 Jenny might come, in which case I’ll ask her. 詹妮可能会来,要是那样的话我就去问她。 (2)当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或含着一个复合宾语时,一般用which而不用as。 She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit. 她和她的家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于他们保持健康。 He admires everyone in his class, which I find quite strange. 他羡慕他班里的每个学生,我认为这太奇怪了。 (3)as引导非限制性定语从句的最大特点是位置灵活;其次,as有以下常见的,而which不具备的“固定表达”: As is known to all, fish can’t live without water.众所周知,鱼离开水是不能生存的。 (4)在非限制性定语从句中,which后的be动词不可省;而as后的be动词可以省略: She told me she won the match, which was a piece of good news. 她告诉我她赢了比赛,那是个好消息。 The report, as (was) shown in the figure.正如图中所示,这种材料是有弹性的。 (5)如果主句中叙述的事情与从句所涉及的意向一致,多用as,用以对主句的意义进行补充;如果不一致,就用which: She has won the first prize in the game again, as was expected.她又在比赛中获得了一等奖,这是意料之中的事。 He cheated in the exam, which was unexpected.他考试作弊,这是出乎意料的。 · 知识点2：关系副词引导的非限制定语从句 当先行词指时间或地点,且在定语从句中作状语时,用when,where引导非限制性定语从句,why不引导非限制性定语从句,但可用for which代替。 Our class is planning to cycle to the West Lake to watch the dragon boat race on May 30, when the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated nationwide. 我们班计划5月30号骑自行车去西湖观看龙舟赛，那是全国范围内庆祝端午节。 Last summer, I went to Hangzhou for my holiday, where I stayed for a week. 去年夏天,我去杭州度假,在那里我待了一周。 · 知识点3：“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制定语从句 在“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句中,whom指人,which指物。 We marched through the square, in the middle of which stood a monument. 我们穿过广场,广场中央立着一座纪念碑。 These new neighbors, to whom I was introduced yesterday, have come here from Beijing. 这些新邻居是北京来的,昨天我被介绍同他们认识了。 Tom had told them the reason, for which he did not go on the journey.汤姆告诉了他们他没有去旅行的原因。 【易混辨析】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 1.引导词不同:关系代词that,关系副词why均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。 2.非限制性定语从句与主句关系不很密切,中间用逗号隔开,译成汉语时,通常译成两句话;而限制性定语从句常与主句一起译成一句话。 He has two sons, both of whom are college students. 他有两个儿子,他们都是大学生。 He has a son who is a captain. 他有一个当船长的儿子。 3.非限制性定语从句的引导词无论在从句中作什么成分,均不可省略;而在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词可省略。 The old woman with white hair (who/whom/that) you saw at yesterday’s meeting is a scientist. 你昨天在会上看到的那位白发老太太是一位科学家。 4.在限制性定语从句中,指人时,作宾语的whom可以用who或that代替,但在非限制性定语从句中不可以代替。 Do you know the man (who/whom/that) our English teacher is talking to? 你认识我们英语老师正在与其谈话的那个人吗? Do you know Tom,whom she referred to just now? 你认识汤姆吗? 就是她刚才提到过的。 · 定语从句做题小妙招： 方法1：先行词还原法 e.g. The village _______ I visited last year has changed a lot. 先行词为the village，将先行词还原到定语从句中后为 I visited the village last year. 先行词在从句中作宾语。 方法2：四步分析法 一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处，三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。 e.g. Do you know the man _______ came here yesterday? 先行词为the man，关系词指人且在从句中作主语，故用who/that。 e.g. He brought me the most interesting book _______ I had wanted to buy. 先行词book被形容词最高级修饰，用that。 · 拓展： 1. 关系代词的省略 (1) 可省略：关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作 表语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词在从句句尾时可省略。 e.g. That’s the girl (whom/who/that) I teach. e.g. The book (that/which) he found on the playground is mine. e.g. John is not the man (that) he was years ago. e.g. This is the pen (that/which) I wrote the letter with. (2) 不可省略：在“介词+关系代词”结构中，不可省略；非限制性定语从句中关系代词 不可省略。 e.g. I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the club. e.g. Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher? 【真题演练】 1. (2024新高考II卷·语法填空)Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu,____ is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown. 2.(2024·北京卷·语法填空·B) Tinniswood, 17.　　　　　 doesn􀆳t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 3.(2023北京高考) Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 1 thousands were attending a water conference. 4. (2023∙全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 2 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow” 5. (2023∙全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America, 3 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings. her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 基础训练 单句语法填空 1．（2025高二下·广东东莞·阶段练习）The problem comes when cool weather delays the spring harvest of wheat, in turn delays the planting of soybeans. 2．（2025高二上·新疆乌鲁木齐·期末）The lecture today may offend some audience, to I offer my apologies in advance. 3．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）She showed me around the town, was very kind of her. 4．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）The famous scientist, achievements are well - known, will give us a lecture next week. 5．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Tom, everyone knows, is a friendly boy. 6．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）The new stadium, the construction of has taken two years, will host the coming sports meet. 7．（2025高二下·新疆昌吉·开学考试）Beijing is a popular destination for tourists, many of travel from all over the world to experience its rich culture and history. 8．（2025高二上·福建漳州·期末）Participants, most of are middle school students, will meet on campus. 9．（2025高二上·重庆·期末）I worked at a panda conservation center in China, saw a significant increase in panda population numbers. 10．（2025高二上·北京西城·期末）She called her doctor, recommended her to get checked out to see if she had a stomach problem. 11．I climbed up to the top of the hill with my friend, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 12．More and more people in the world, we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control. 13．Mr. Zhu, daughter was admitted to Tsinghua University last year, retired yesterday. 14．Mr. Zhang, came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father.(用适当的词填空) 15．Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, has two common meanings... 16．My father, is a hardworking man, supports our family. ( 17．He often recalls his childhood, he lived with his grandparents in the countryside. 18．The place, we had a great time last summer, is a seaside town. 19．The picture, colors are so vivid, caught my attention immediately. 20．The person, I borrowed the book from, is my classmate. 21．（Stand-up comedy is a live performance, the performer tells jokes and shares humorous stories to entertain the audience. 22．We moved on to the north tip of the area, it was blowing hard and snowing. 23．Recent accidents, fifty people lost their lives, are mainly due to the heavy fog. 24．I took my friend to the Summer Palace, we had some photos taken. 25．Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, thousands were attending a water conference. 26．My life as a tax­paying employed person began in middle school, , for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. 27．He hid himself behind the door，from he saw the man take something on the desk. 28．The party, theme was “Fantasy World”, was really unforgettable. 29．The museum, exhibits many precious artifacts, attracts numerous visitors. 30．（My mother, cooks delicious meals every day, takes good care of our family. 提升训练 一． 单句写作 1．这家重点实验室将和当地职业学校签订合作协议，为学生提供不一般的互动体验。 2正如预期的那样，艺术节引起了学生对于民俗文化的兴趣 3．影片哪吒，改编自中国民间故事，以其生动鲜明的角色，引人入胜的故事情节和高质量的特效，吸引了各个年龄层次的观众。 4．她总是把东西弄得乱七八糟，还占用了我的空间，这让我很烦恼。 5．许多青少年花太多时间玩游戏，这对他们的健康有害。 6．我们的迷路给我的冒险假期增添了一份特别的滋味，我将终生难忘。 7．我们在写文章时应该掌握写作的一些要素，这样能让我们更好地写作。 8没人知道我的祖父五十多岁时谱写了二十多首歌曲，其中大部分在50年代非常流行。 9．我不喜欢他给我说话的方式。 10．越来越多的野生动物正在被非法捕猎, 这严重破坏了大自然的平衡。 二、完成句子 1．I think reading in bed is no good, and this does great harm to your eyes. → .(形式宾语；非限制性定语从句) 2．It is known that China is a country which belongs to developing countries. → , China is a country . 3．It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange programme, and it is good to all of us. →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange programme, all of us. 4．If I am accepted, I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors. It can help them know more about Chinese culture. → , I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, . 5．Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race with the intention of improving our physical and mental strength. →Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race, . (be intended to do；定语从句) →Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race . (过去分词短语作后置定语) 6．The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in. Elli and I were shocked. →The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in, . （用 which引导的非限制性定语从句改写） → that the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in. （用what引导的主语从句改写） 7．So many people were injured or died in the earthquake. All of us were shocked. → was that so many people were injured or died in the earthquake. （主语从句） →So many people were injured or died in the earthquake, . （定语从句） 8．The doctor I respect most buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night and it nearly ruined his health. → The doctor I respect most buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night, . (用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写) → The doctor I respect most buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night, . 9． I am writing to discuss a new section in our school’s English newspaper, titled “Telling Chinese Stories.” →I am writing to discuss a new section in our school’s English newspaper, is “Telling Chinese Stories.” 10．I won first prize in our school English speaking competition. It has built up my confidence in learning English well. 8 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 非限制定语从句的用法 · 思维到图： · 概述： 非限制性定语从句只是对主句内容或先行词的补充、解释或附加说明。没有它,主句也能独立存在;非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不密切,它与先行词之间常用逗号隔开。需注意的是,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。 1. 知识点1：关系代词引导的非限制定语从句 1.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 They have devoted themselves to building the village all the life, which makes them respected. 他们这一辈子都投入到了建设乡村的事业中，这使得他们备受尊敬。 2.who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。 In a lift, on a subway or on a bus, we are always surrounded by people, who are like us, focusing on their smart phones. 在电梯、地铁或公交车上，我们总是被人群包围，他们和我们一样，专注于他们的智能手机。 3.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,一般不能省略。 Indeed, his slim but strong body was just like that of millions of Chinese farmers, to whom he had devoted his life. 确实，他瘦削但结实的身躯看起来和他为之奉献了一生的千百万中国农民无异。 In reality, people under thirty account for most of the netizens, some of whom are addicted to the Internet.事实上，30岁以下的人占网民总数的大多数，其中一些人对网络上瘾。 4.whose既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中作定语,先行词是人时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+of whom。先行词是物时,whose+n.相当于the+n.+of which。 Li Lei, whose father is a teacher, is my deskmate who often helps me with my English.李雷,他的父亲是一名教师,是我的同桌,他经常帮助我学习英语。 I tried a traditional dish in Suzhou last week, whose taste was beyond imagination. 我上周在苏州尝了一道传统菜，味道超乎想象。 5.as既可指人,也可指物,在定语从句中可以作主语或宾语。 As I suspected, you’re not Jimmy Wells,” he said, impatiently with anger. “正如我所怀疑的，你不是吉米·韦尔斯，”他愤怒且不耐烦的说道。 【易混辨析】 as/which引导非限制性定语从句时的区别 项目 as which 指代 引导的从句通常指代整个主句的内容 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容,又可指代主句的一部分 位置 引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中或之后 引导的从句不能位于主句之前 意义 正如,正像 这,这一点 It turned out to be sunny the next day, as was expected. 不出所料,第二天天气晴朗。 China has built thousands of modern buildings, many of which are specially designed to serve foreign companies. 中国已经建造了成百上千的现代化大厦，其中许多是专门设计服务于外国企业。 【知识延伸】 as和which引导非限制性定语从句时还有以下方面的不同: (1)在从句中作定语时,要用which,不用as。 Jenny might come, in which case I’ll ask her. 詹妮可能会来,要是那样的话我就去问她。 (2)当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或含着一个复合宾语时,一般用which而不用as。 She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit. 她和她的家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于他们保持健康。 He admires everyone in his class, which I find quite strange. 他羡慕他班里的每个学生,我认为这太奇怪了。 (3)as引导非限制性定语从句的最大特点是位置灵活;其次,as有以下常见的,而which不具备的“固定表达”: As is known to all, fish can’t live without water.众所周知,鱼离开水是不能生存的。 (4)在非限制性定语从句中,which后的be动词不可省;而as后的be动词可以省略: She told me she won the match, which was a piece of good news. 她告诉我她赢了比赛,那是个好消息。 The report, as (was) shown in the figure.正如图中所示,这种材料是有弹性的。 (5)如果主句中叙述的事情与从句所涉及的意向一致,多用as,用以对主句的意义进行补充;如果不一致,就用which: She has won the first prize in the game again, as was expected.她又在比赛中获得了一等奖,这是意料之中的事。 He cheated in the exam, which was unexpected.他考试作弊,这是出乎意料的。 · 知识点2：关系副词引导的非限制定语从句 当先行词指时间或地点,且在定语从句中作状语时,用when,where引导非限制性定语从句,why不引导非限制性定语从句,但可用for which代替。 Our class is planning to cycle to the West Lake to watch the dragon boat race on May 30, when the Dragon Boat Festival is celebrated nationwide. 我们班计划5月30号骑自行车去西湖观看龙舟赛，那是全国范围内庆祝端午节。 Last summer, I went to Hangzhou for my holiday, where I stayed for a week. 去年夏天,我去杭州度假,在那里我待了一周。 · 知识点3：“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制定语从句 在“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句中,whom指人,which指物。 We marched through the square, in the middle of which stood a monument. 我们穿过广场,广场中央立着一座纪念碑。 These new neighbors, to whom I was introduced yesterday, have come here from Beijing. 这些新邻居是北京来的,昨天我被介绍同他们认识了。 Tom had told them the reason, for which he did not go on the journey.汤姆告诉了他们他没有去旅行的原因。 【易混辨析】限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 1.引导词不同:关系代词that,关系副词why均不可以引导非限制性定语从句。 2.非限制性定语从句与主句关系不很密切,中间用逗号隔开,译成汉语时,通常译成两句话;而限制性定语从句常与主句一起译成一句话。 He has two sons, both of whom are college students. 他有两个儿子,他们都是大学生。 He has a son who is a captain. 他有一个当船长的儿子。 3.非限制性定语从句的引导词无论在从句中作什么成分,均不可省略;而在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词可省略。 The old woman with white hair (who/whom/that) you saw at yesterday’s meeting is a scientist. 你昨天在会上看到的那位白发老太太是一位科学家。 4.在限制性定语从句中,指人时,作宾语的whom可以用who或that代替,但在非限制性定语从句中不可以代替。 Do you know the man (who/whom/that) our English teacher is talking to? 你认识我们英语老师正在与其谈话的那个人吗? Do you know Tom,whom she referred to just now? 你认识汤姆吗? 就是她刚才提到过的。 · 定语从句做题小妙招： 方法1：先行词还原法 e.g. The village _______ I visited last year has changed a lot. 先行词为the village，将先行词还原到定语从句中后为 I visited the village last year. 先行词在从句中作宾语。 方法2：四步分析法 一看指人还是物，二看介词在何处，三看句中作何用，四看是否属特殊。 e.g. Do you know the man _______ came here yesterday? 先行词为the man，关系词指人且在从句中作主语，故用who/that。 e.g. He brought me the most interesting book _______ I had wanted to buy. 先行词book被形容词最高级修饰，用that。 · 拓展： 1. 关系代词的省略 (1) 可省略：关系代词在定语从句中作动词的宾语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作 表语时可省略；关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语，且介词在从句句尾时可省略。 e.g. That’s the girl (whom/who/that) I teach. e.g. The book (that/which) he found on the playground is mine. e.g. John is not the man (that) he was years ago. e.g. This is the pen (that/which) I wrote the letter with. (2) 不可省略：在“介词+关系代词”结构中，不可省略；非限制性定语从句中关系代词 不可省略。 e.g. I’ll never forget the day on which I joined the club. e.g. Who is the boy that is talking with our teacher? 【真题演练】 1. (2024新高考II卷·语法填空)Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu,____ is known as "the Shakespeare of Asia," add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare's hometown. 【答案】who 【解析】考查非限制定语从句。句意：有“亚洲莎士比亚”之称的汤显祖的中国文化元素，为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔斯特拉特福镇增添了一抹国际化色彩。该句主干为：Chinese cultural elements add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tang Xianzu，并在从句中作主语，Tang Xianzu指人，且that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。 2.(2024·北京卷·语法填空·B) Tinniswood, 17.　　　　　 doesn􀆳t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. 答案：who 解析：考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词 “Tinniswood”指人,关系词在从句中作主语,应该用who 引导该从句,故填 who。 3.(2023北京高考) Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, 1 thousands were attending a water conference. 答案：where 解析：考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。3. (2023∙全国甲卷)Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 2 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow” 答案：as 解析：考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。 4. (2023∙全国甲卷)There was once a town in the heart of America, 3 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings. her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables. 答案：where 解析：考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 基础训练 单句语法填空 1．（2025高二下·广东东莞·阶段练习）The problem comes when cool weather delays the spring harvest of wheat, in turn delays the planting of soybeans. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当凉爽的天气推迟了小麦的春季收获时，问题就出现了，这反过来又推迟了大豆的种植。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子“The problem comes when cool weather delays the spring harvest of wheat”，在从句中作主语，关系词应用which。故填which。 2．（2025高二上·新疆乌鲁木齐·期末）The lecture today may offend some audience, to I offer my apologies in advance. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今天的演讲可能会冒犯一些观众，我提前向他们道歉。apology to sb(向某人道歉)为固定短语，to为介词。分析句子结构可知，“to___ I offer my apologies in advance”为定语从句，修饰先行词some audience，故本空填关系代词whom代替先行词在定语从句中作介词to的宾语。故答案为whom。 3．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）She showed me around the town, was very kind of her. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她带我参观了这个城镇，她真是太好了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整句话的内容，且在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 4．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）The famous scientist, achievements are well - known, will give us a lecture next week. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位成就众所周知的著名科学家下星期将给我们作报告。分析句子结构，“The famous scientist”是句子的主语，“will give us a lecture next week”是句子的谓语和宾语部分，“______ achievements are well - known”是一个非限制性定语从句。先行词是“The famous scientist”，在定语从句 “______ achievements are well - known”中，“achievements”（成就）与先行词“The famous scientist”之间是所属关系，即“这位著名科学家的成就”，所以要用关系代词“whose”来引导该定语从句，“whose”在定语从句中作定语，修饰“achievements”。故填whose。 5．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）Tom, everyone knows, is a friendly boy. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，汤姆是一个友好的男孩。分析句子可知，“as everyone knows”是一个非限制性定语从句，“as”引导非限制性定语从句时，有“正如；正像”的意思，在句中可以作主语、宾语或表语等成分，且“as”引导的非限制性定语从句位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句中或句末。在句子“Tom, ______ everyone knows, is a friendly boy.”中，“as”指代整个主句“Tom is a friendly boy”的内容，在从句“as everyone knows”中作“knows”的宾语，“as everyone knows”意为“正如大家所知道的”。故填as。 6．（2025高二下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）The new stadium, the construction of has taken two years, will host the coming sports meet. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：新体育场的建设花了两年时间，它将举办即将到来的运动会。分析句子结构，“The new stadium”是句子的主语，“will host the coming sports meet”是谓语和宾语部分，“the construction of ______ has taken two years”是一个非限制性定语从句。先行词是“The new stadium”，在定语从句“the construction of ______ has taken two years”中，“the construction of...”表示“……的建造”，这里需要一个关系代词指代先行词“The new stadium”，作介词“of”的宾语，所以要用“which”来引导该定语从句。故填which。 7．（2025高二下·新疆昌吉·开学考试）Beijing is a popular destination for tourists, many of travel from all over the world to experience its rich culture and history. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：北京是一个受游客欢迎的旅游目的地，其中许多游客从世界各地赶来体验其丰富的文化和历史。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为tourists，指人，且关系词位于介词of之后，需用关系代词whom引导定语从句，构成“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。故填whom。 8．（2025高二上·福建漳州·期末）Participants, most of are middle school students, will meet on campus. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：参与者们，其中大多数是中学生，将在校园里集合。设空处和介词of引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词Participants，关系词在从句中作介词of的宾语，指人，应用whom，故填whom。 9．（2025高二上·重庆·期末）I worked at a panda conservation center in China, saw a significant increase in panda population numbers. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我在中国的一个熊猫保护中心工作，那里的熊猫数量显著增加。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 a panda conservation center，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 10．（2025高二上·北京西城·期末）She called her doctor, recommended her to get checked out to see if she had a stomach problem. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她打电话给医生，医生建议她去检查一下是否有胃病。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词doctor，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故填who。 11．I climbed up to the top of the hill with my friend, we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我和我的朋友爬上了山顶，在那里我们欣赏了美丽的湖景。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the top of the hill，指地点，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 12．More and more people in the world, we see, have come to realize the significance of pollution control. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如我们所看到的，世界上越来越多的人已经意识到污染控制的重要性。空处引导非限制性定语从句，代指整个句子的内容，关系词在从句中作宾语，表示“正如”，应用关系代词as引导从句。故填as。 13．Mr. Zhu, daughter was admitted to Tsinghua University last year, retired yesterday. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：朱的女儿去年被清华大学录取，他昨天退休了。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mr. Zhu，指人，关系词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 14．Mr. Zhang, came to see me yesterday, is an old friend of my father.(用适当的词填空) 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天来看我的张先生是我父亲的老朋友。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mr. Zhang，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 15．Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”, has two common meanings... 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：气候科学家经常提到一个叫做“温室效应”的关键气候过程，它有两种常见的含义……。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the “greenhouse effect”(指物)在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词which引导。故填which。 16．My father, is a hardworking man, supports our family. ( 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的父亲，是一个勤劳的人，养活我们的家庭。“is a hardworking man”是对My father的补充说明，属于非限制性定语从句，先行词My father指人，在从句中作主语，要用关系代词who引导。故填who。 17．He often recalls his childhood, he lived with his grandparents in the countryside. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他经常回忆起他的童年，那时他和爷爷奶奶住在乡下。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词his childhood，在从句作时间状语，故用when。故填when。 18．The place, we had a great time last summer, is a seaside town. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那个地方是一个海滨小镇，去年夏天我们在那里度过了愉快的时光。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The place，在从句作地点状语，用关系副词where，故填where。 19．The picture, colors are so vivid, caught my attention immediately. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这幅画色彩鲜艳，立刻引起了我的注意。分析句式结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是The picture，从句中colors和先行词The picture存在所属关系，要用表示所属关系的关系代词whose来引导非限制性定语从句。故填whose。 20．The person, I borrowed the book from, is my classmate. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我借书的那个人是我的同学。先行词 The person 指人，在从句 “______ I borrowed the book from” 中作宾语（borrowed the book from the person），所以要用 whom 引导非限制性定语从句。故填whom。 21．（Stand-up comedy is a live performance, the performer tells jokes and shares humorous stories to entertain the audience. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：单口喜剧是一种现场表演，表演者通过讲笑话和分享幽默故事来娱乐观众。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词performance是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。 22．We moved on to the north tip of the area, it was blowing hard and snowing. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们继续前进到该地区的北端，那里风很大并且在下雪。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the north tip of the area，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填：where。 23．Recent accidents, fifty people lost their lives, are mainly due to the heavy fog. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近的事故中有50人丧生，主要是由于大雾造成的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词accidents作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。 24．I took my friend to the Summer Palace, we had some photos taken. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我带我的朋友去颐和园，在那里我们拍了一些照片。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the Summer Palace进行补充说明，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where。故填where。 25．Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, thousands were attending a water conference. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水务会议。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Chicago，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 26．My life as a tax­paying employed person began in middle school, , for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的纳税职业生涯是从中学开始的，当时我在一家烘焙厂工作了整整三天。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为middle school（指时间），应用关系副词when引导从句，作时间状语。故填when。 27．He hid himself behind the door，from he saw the man take something on the desk. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他躲在门后，从那里他看到那个人拿了桌上的东西。此处 the door作先行词，在后面的定语从句中作地点状语，放在介词from后面，定语从句由where引导。故填where。 28．The party, theme was “Fantasy World”, was really unforgettable. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这次聚会的主题是“幻想世界”，真是令人难忘。先行词是“The party”，从句“______ theme was ‘Fantasy World’”中，theme和The party存在所属关系，即派对的主题，此非限制性定语从句用表示所属关系的关系词whose引导，在从句中作定语。故填whose。 29．The museum, exhibits many precious artifacts, attracts numerous visitors. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个博物馆展出了许多珍贵的文物，吸引了许多游客。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 The museum，指物，在从句 “______ exhibits many precious artifacts” 中作主语，所以用 关系代词which 引导。故填which。 30．（My mother, cooks delicious meals every day, takes good care of our family. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的母亲，每天做美味的饭菜，照顾好我们的家庭。先行词My mother 指人，在从句 “______ cooks delicious meals every day” 中作主语，所以用 who 引导非限制性定语从句。故填who。 提升训练 一． 单句写作 1．这家重点实验室将和当地职业学校签订合作协议，为学生提供不一般的互动体验。 【答案】The key laboratory will sign cooperation agreements with local vocational schools, which will bring students an unusual interactive experience./The key laboratory/lab will sign a cooperation agreement with local vocational schools to provide students with unusual interactive experiences. 【详解】考查时态，形容词，名词，动词短语，介词，动词不定式。“实验室”为名词laboratory或者lab；表示“重点的”为形容词key；所以“重点实验室”为The key laboratory/lab；表示“签订，签署”为动词sign；“与……签订合作协议”可以译为sign a cooperation agreement with…，根据汉语意思可知，此处表示的是将来的时间，所以用一般将来时；“当地的”为形容词local；“职业学校”为名词短语vocational school，数量大于一用复数形式。所以主句部分为The key laboratory/lab will sign a cooperation agreement with local vocational schools。表示“提供”用provide，“向某人提供某物”为provide sb. with sth；“不一般的”为形容词unusual；“互动的”为形容词interactive；“体验”experience为可数名词，此处用复数；所以目的状语部分为不定式短语to provide students with unusual interactive experiences，此处也可用非限制定语从句形式，前句提到的事做先行词，在从句中作主语，用which引导，“为学生提供不一般的互动体验”译为bring students an unusual interactive experience，时态用一般将来时。故答案为The key laboratory will sign cooperation agreements with local vocational schools, which will bring students an unusual interactive experience./The key laboratory/lab will sign a cooperation agreement with local vocational schools to provide students with unusual interactive experiences. 2正如预期的那样，艺术节引起了学生对于民俗文化的兴趣 【答案】As is expected, Art Festival has generated students’ interest in folk culture./As (was) expected, the art festival generated the tourists’/visitors’ interest in folk culture. 【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。generate是动词，意思是“产生；引起”，“艺术节”的英文是Art Festival或者the art festival，“民俗文化”的英文是folk culture，“游客”的英文可以是tourist或者visitor。整个句子可以处理成主从复合句，主句部分为简单的主谓宾结构，从句考查as引导的非限制定语从句“As was expected”，其中was可以省略。根据句意，整个句子可用一般过去时，也可用一般现在时，则从句为“As is expected”，主句用现在完成时表影响。故可翻译为As is expected, Art Festival has generated students’ interest in folk culture./As (was) expected, the art festival generated the tourists’/visitors’ interest in folk culture. 3．影片哪吒，改编自中国民间故事，以其生动鲜明的角色，引人入胜的故事情节和高质量的特效，吸引了各个年龄层次的观众。 【答案】The film Ne Zha, which is adapted from Chinese folk tales, attracts audiences of all ages with its vivid and distinct characters, engaging plot, and high-quality special effects. 【详解】考查时态、定语从句。表示“影片哪吒”用the film Ne Zha，作主语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“以……吸引……”用attract...with...，句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The film Ne Zha为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数attracts。表示“各个年龄层次的观众”用audiences of all ages，作attracts的宾语。表示“生动鲜明的角色，引人入胜的故事情节和高质量的特效”用its vivid and distinct characters, engaging plot, and high-quality special effects，作with的宾语。表示“改编自中国民间故事”用非限制性定语从句，从句中：先行词是The film Ne Zha，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导；表示“改编自”用be adapted from，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is；表示“中国民间故事”用Chinese folk tales，作from的宾语。故翻译为：The film Ne Zha, which is adapted from Chinese folk tales, attracts audiences of all ages with its vivid and distinct characters, engaging plot, and high-quality special effects. 4．她总是把东西弄得乱七八糟，还占用了我的空间，这让我很烦恼。 【答案】She always leaves things in a mess and takes up my space, which really annoys me. 【详解】考查短语、时态和非限制性定语从句。陈述经常性、习惯性的动作，为一般现在时。“把东西弄得乱七八糟”为leaves things in a mess；“占据”为take up；“我的空间”为my space。“她总是把东西弄得乱七八糟，还占用了我的空间”翻译为：She always leaves things in a mess and takes up my space。“这让我很烦恼”处理成非限制性定语从句，“这”指代上文的句子，作定语从句的主语。“我很烦恼”为annoy me。故翻译为：She always leaves things in a mess and takes up my space, which really annoys me. 5．许多青少年花太多时间玩游戏，这对他们的健康有害。 【答案】Many teenagers spend too much time playing games, which is harmful to their health. 【详解】考查短语和时态，非限制性定语从句。表示“许多青少年”用many teenagers，表示“花费太多时间做……”用spend too much time doing，表示“玩游戏”用play games，表示“对他们的健康有害”用be harmful to their health，先行词为第一句内容，作非限制性定语从句的主语，用关系代词which引导从句。句子描述习惯、客观现实，用一般现在时。故翻译为Many teenagers spend too much time playing games, which is harmful to their health. 6．我们的迷路给我的冒险假期增添了一份特别的滋味，我将终生难忘。 【答案】Our being lost added a special taste to my adventurous vacation, which I would remember all my life. 【详解】考查时态和定语从句。句子描述了发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时。主句主语为“我们的迷路”，句首单词首字母大写，用动名词的所有格形式表示，翻译为Our being lost；表示“增添了一份特别的滋味”短语为added a special taste to；表示“我的冒险假期”翻译为my adventurous vacation；表示“我将终生难忘”可用非限制性定语从句，时态应为过去将来时。引导词指前面整个主句，可用which，在从句中作宾语；“我将终生难忘”可翻译为I would remember all my life。故整句翻译为：Our being lost added a special taste to my adventurous vacation , which I would remember all my life. 7．我们在写文章时应该掌握写作的一些要素，这样能让我们更好地写作。 【答案】We should master some elements of writing when writing articles, which allows us to write better. 【详解】考查动词不定式，定语从句以及状语从句的省略。“我们”用代词we，在句中作主语。“应该”用情态动词should，“掌握”可用动词master，放到情态动词后面，该动词用原形。“写作的一些要素”可以翻译为some elements of writing。“我们在写文章时”可以翻译为时间状语从句when we are writing articles。当时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且含有be动词时，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词省略，剩下现在分词作状语。所以“我们在写文章时应该掌握写作的一些要素”翻译为We should master some elements of writing when writing articles。后面接非限定性定语从句，指代这句话的内容，且定语从句中缺少主语，所以用which引导该从句。“让我们更好地写作”可以翻译为allows us to write better，其中使用了固定短语allow sb. to do sth.，意外“允许某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。从句描述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，which引导的非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容在句中作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为We should master some elements of writing when writing articles, which allows us to write better. 8没人知道我的祖父五十多岁时谱写了二十多首歌曲，其中大部分在50年代非常流行。 【答案】Nobody is aware that my grandfather composed more than twenty songs in his fifties, most of which were very popular in the 1950s. 【详解】考查固定结构、短语和时态。主句描述一个客观事实，时态需用一般现在时；表示“没人”应用代词nobody，作主句主语，位于句首，单词首字母需大写；表示“知道……”可用固定结构be aware that...，作主句的谓语，主语nobody为单数主语，系动词需用is；表示“我的祖父”应用名词短语my grandfather，作从句的主语，表示“谱写”应用动词compose，作从句的谓语动词；表示“二十多首歌曲”应用名词短语more than twenty songs，作从句的宾语；表示“在他五十多岁时”应用介词短语in his fifties，作从句的时间状语，故从句时态需用一般过去时，描述发生在过去的事情；主句后面接了一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为more than twenty songs，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，需用关系代词which引导，表示“大部分”可用most of ...，故用most of which引导定语从句；表示“在50年代”可用介词短语in the 1950s，作从句的时间状语，故从句时态也需用一般过去时；表示“非常流行”可用动词短语be very popular，主语指代复数名词，故系动词需用were。故翻译为Nobody is aware that my grandfather composed more than twenty songs in his fifties, most of which were very popular in the 1950s.。 9．我不喜欢他给我说话的方式。 【答案】I don’t like the way (that/ in which) he speaks to me. 【详解】考查时态、定语从句。表示“我”用I，作主语。句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，表示“不喜欢”用don’t like，作谓语。表示“方式”用way，此处为特指，way前加the。表示“他给我说话的”用定语从句，从句中：表示“他”用he，作主语；表示“对我说话”用speak to me，主语为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数；先行词是the way，引导词替代先行词在从句中作状语，用that/in which或省略。故翻译为I don’t like the way (that/ in which) he speaks to me. 10．越来越多的野生动物正在被非法捕猎, 这严重破坏了大自然的平衡。 【答案】More and more wild animals are being illegally hunted, which severely disrupts the balance of nature. 【详解】考查动词时态和语态以及定语从句。根据所给中文句子，本句用which引导非限制性定语从句，“越来越多的野生动物正在被非法捕猎”为主句，“越来越多的野生动物”作主语，译为“more and more wild animals”，“正在被非法捕猎”作谓语，根据句意可知，需用现在进行时的被动语态，译为“are being illegally hunted”，“这严重破坏了大自然的平衡”为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰前句，“严重破坏了”作谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，译为“severely disrupts”，“大自然的平衡”作宾语，译为“the balance of nature”。故译为：More and more wild animals are being illegally hunted, which severely disrupts the balance of nature. 二、完成句子 1．I think reading in bed is no good, and this does great harm to your eyes. → .(形式宾语；非限制性定语从句) 【答案】I think it no good reading in bed, which does great harm to your eyes. 【详解】考查定语从句和形式宾语。句意：我认为躺在床上看书是不好的，这对你的眼睛有害。第一个句子改为think it no good doing sth.，it作形式宾语；and this does great harm to your eyes.改为非限制性定语从句，修饰上文句子，且从句缺少主语，故用which。故改为I think it no good reading in bed, which does great harm to your eyes. 2．It is known that China is a country which belongs to developing countries. → , China is a country . 【答案】 As is known to us belonging to developing countries 【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：众所周知，中国是一个发展中国家。第一空It is known that可用As is known to us替换，as引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句内容；第二空可用现在分词短语belonging to developing countries，作定语修饰country。故填①As is known to us；②belonging to developing countries。 3．It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange programme, and it is good to all of us. →It has been two weeks since you came to our school for the exchange programme, all of us. 【答案】which benefits/which is of benefit to/which is beneficial to 【详解】考查定语从句和同义表达。原句句意：你来我们学校参加交换项目已经两个星期了，这对我们大家都很好。原句中and后的it指代前面句子的内容，可用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明，which在从句中作主语，is good to意为“对……好”，等同于动词benefits、固定搭配is of benefit to或形容词短语is beneficial to。故填which benefits/which is of benefit to/which is beneficial to。 4．If I am accepted, I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors. It can help them know more about Chinese culture. → , I can introduce Chinese painting skills to visitors, . 【答案】 If accepted which can help them know more about Chinese culture 【详解】考查状语从句的省略、定语从句。句意：如果我被录取，我可以向游客介绍中国画技巧。它可以帮助他们更多地了解中国文化。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中If引导的条件状语从句应省略I am，第一空填If accepted。第二空应将It can help them know more about Chinese culture改为定语从句，修饰主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，用which替换It。故填①If accepted；②which can help them know more about Chinese culture。 5．Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race with the intention of improving our physical and mental strength. →Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race, . (be intended to do；定语从句) →Our school organized a five-kilometer cross-country running race . (过去分词短语作后置定语) 【答案】 which was intended to improve our physical and mental strength intended to improve our physical and mental strength 【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。句意：我们学校组织了一次五公里的越野跑比赛，目的是提高我们的身心素质。第一空非限制性定语从句修饰先行词running race，在从句作主语，指物，故用which引导；表示“旨在”短语为be intended to do，与先行词race保持一致，用单数，且为一般过去时；第二空用过去分词短语intended to improve our physical and mental strength，作定语修饰race。故填①which was intended to improve our physical and mental strength；②intended to improve our physical and mental strength。 6．The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in. Elli and I were shocked. →The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in, . （用 which引导的非限制性定语从句改写） → that the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in. （用what引导的主语从句改写） 【答案】 which shocked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shocked What shocked Elli and me was 【详解】考查定语从句和主语从句。句意：熊在篱笆上撕开了一个洞，把头伸了进去。埃利和我都惊呆了。第一空为定语从句，表示“使……震惊”应用shock sb或者make sb. shocked，句子使用一般过去时，此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导，应填which shocked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shocked；第二空为主语从句，表示“使……震惊”应用shock sb，此处为一般过去时，主句从句缺少主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导，主语为主语从句，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填①which shocked Elli and me/which made Elli and me shocked；②What shocked Elli and me was。 7．So many people were injured or died in the earthquake. All of us were shocked. → was that so many people were injured or died in the earthquake. （主语从句） →So many people were injured or died in the earthquake, . （定语从句） 【答案】 What shocked all of us which shocked all of us 【详解】考查主语从句和定语从句。句意：许多人在地震中受伤或死亡。我们所有人都很震惊。第一空引导主语从句，表示“让我们所有人都震惊的事情”，谓语动词是shock，宾语是all of us，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用连接代词what引导；第二空是非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的主句内容，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导，谓语动词是shock，宾语是all of us。时态和原句保持一致，使用一般过去时。故填①What shocked all of us②which shocked all of us。 8．The doctor I respect most buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night and it nearly ruined his health. → The doctor I respect most buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night, . (用which引导的非限制性定语从句改写) → The doctor I respect most buried himself in fighting against COVID-19 day and night, . 【答案】 which nearly ruined his health nearly ruining his health 【详解】考查定语从句和非谓语动词。原句句意：我最尊敬的医生夜以继日地与新冠病毒作斗争，这几乎毁了他的健康。原句中it指代前面句子的内容，可将并列连词and去掉，使用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明，which在从句中作主语；或将and 和it均去掉，ruin用作非谓语动词，用ruin的现在分词形式作结果状语，表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果。故填①which nearly ruined his health；②nearly ruining his health。 9． I am writing to discuss a new section in our school’s English newspaper, titled “Telling Chinese Stories.” →I am writing to discuss a new section in our school’s English newspaper, is “Telling Chinese Stories.” 【答案】whose title 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我写信是为了讨论我们学校英文报纸上的一个新版块，它的标题是“讲中国故事”。分析原句句子结构以及句子的要求可知，原句“titled “Telling Chinese Stories.””部分可转换为非限制性定语从句，对先行词English newspaper进行修饰，先行词English newspaper在从句中作title的定语成分，所以为关系代词whose引导。故填whose title。 10．I won first prize in our school English speaking competition. It has built up my confidence in learning English well. 【答案】I won first prize in our school English speaking competition, which has built up my confidence in learning English well. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：我在学校的英语演讲比赛中获得了第一名，这给我树立了学好英语的信心。原题中第二句中的it指的是上一句话的内容，所以，可以将第二个句子改为非限制性定语从句，先行词是上一句的内容，用关系代词which代指上一句的内容，在从句中作主语。故答案为：I won first prize in our school English speaking competition, which has built up my confidence in learning English well. 16 / 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$