精品解析：江苏省南京市秦淮区南京市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

南京一中2024-2025学年度第二学期3月考试试卷 高二英语 选择题部分 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．When will Mr. Wilson be available? A．At about 2 p. m. B．At about 3 p. m. C．At about 4 p. m. 2．Why did the man miss school yesterday? A．He went to the seaside. B．He visited his parents. C．He didn’t feel very well. 3．What are the speakers talking about? A．A dress. B．A store. C．A wedding. 4．What will the man do next? A．Have lunch. B．Deal with some emails. C．Switch off the computer. 5．What relation is Mary to the man? A．His teacher. B．His neighbor. C．His colleague. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Why is the woman looking forward to helping the National Trust? A．It allows her to visit historic buildings closely. B．It is an organization for young adults. C．It does construction work 7．What will the woman mainly do this summer? A．Enjoy beach scenery. B．Travel around an island. C．Engage in conservation activities. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is concerning the woman? A．She can’t follow her schedule. B．She can’t finish her homework. C．She can’t spare time for her hobbies. 9．What does Mike suggest the woman do? A．Manage her time well. B．Enjoy different hobbies. C．Put homework in the first place. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Employer and employee. B．Waitress and customer. C．Workmates. 11．What did Anna do after her mistake? A．She apologized. B．She left in a panic. C．She brought another glass of wine. 12．What does Jonathan do in the end? A．Treat Anna to some dessert. B．Offer to cover up Anna’s mistake. C．Give Anna advice on handling the situation. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．How did Helen become aware of dealing with rubbish? A．She was told by her teacher. B．She was influenced by her father. C．She was inspired by a radio program. 14．Why did Helen contact her cousin? A．To visit him. B．To clean up beaches. C．To meet some surfers. 15．What does Helen think of the problem of rubbish? A．It is serious. B．It is solvable. C．It is urgent. 16．What did Helen do to kill time when working on the beach? A．She talked on the phone. B．She listened to music. C．She sang songs. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is the speaker talking about? A．How to diet. B．How to eat properly. C．How to maintain food nutrition. 18．What is the alternative to cookies? A．Bread. B．Vegetables. C．Fruit. 19．What are people advised to do when eating? A．Clear the plate. B．Ski p heavy food. C．Avoid getting full. 20．Which food is the most filling? A．The whole grain bread. B．The wheat bread. C．The white bread. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The APS Bridge Program The APS Bridge Program is to increase the number of physics PhDs awarded to ethnic and racial minority (URM) students, thus improving racial diversity (多样性) in the physics community. The program’s leadership team recognizes that to reach the goal, it is essential to build a large base of institutions (学院) that can admit URM students through an APS student application process. Therefore, we have established two levels for institutions to join in. Membership Institutions Institutions that support APS goals and missions may join. Benefits of Membership ●Registration discounts for APS Bridge Program conferences and workshops ●Immediate, focused APS Bridge Program updates ●APS support in improving diversity in your physics department ●Use of project-generated statistics (PowerPoint slides, data plots, etc.) Apply for Membership To apply for institutional membership, please review and submit the application form. Partnership Institutions Partnership institutions need to go through a vetting (审查) process to determine if the institutions offer supportive environment for APS students. Benefits of Partnership Includes all the benefits of a Membership in addition to the following: ●Access to a talent pool of students looking to pursue a graduate degree in Physics ●Recommendation of their graduate programs to URM students in APS Bridge Programs ●Seeking help from program staff who are expert at support strategies for URM students Apply for Partnership Applications are accepted in March of each year. 1. What is the aim of the APS Bridge Program? A. To take more physics PhDs. B. To offer funds to URM students. C. To diversify physics PhD graduates. D. To aid students’ academic performance. 2. Which of the following benefits is unique to partnership status? A. Up-to-date information on the program. B. Recommendation of URM students. C. Free access to program resources. D. Support from the program staff. 3. Who are the target readers of the text? A. Physics teachers. B. Educational institutions. C. Student applicants. D. Parents of undergraduates. B In 2018, 12-year-old Damian Earley was walking his dog when he noticed garbage cans knocked over by the wind, spilling trash onto the streets of his Columbus neighborhood. Disturbed by the environmental damage, he was inspired to create The Garbage Lot, a heavy platform with a locking mechanism to keep trash cans upright (直立). His invention won the “Industry Innovator Award” at Ohio’s Invention Convention and later earned first place at the national level. Damian’s path as an inventor was shaped by his participation in the Ohio Invention League (the OIL), a nonprofit that provides free STEM education to K-12 students. Through hands-on invention competitions, he learned to “sell” his invention to judges. Writing and crafting his presentation helped sharpen his communication skills and practice entrepreneurship (创业), which are crucial for the future employment market where students will likely work in jobs that have not yet been created. Damian’s teachers, particularly Sarah Priebe, admired his strong work ethic. She recalled Damian’s exceptional oral presentation in eighth grade, “You can tell he put a lot of time and practice into it. Many gifted students don’t seem to need to work as hard to excel at school, but he is always engaged and ready.” Elena and Zavier Damian’s siblings, followed in his footsteps, creating their own inventions and receiving awards. Elena, 14, developed a device to remove bad smells from washing machines, while 11-year-old Zavier invented a drone for people with limited mobility. Their father, Matt, shared that watching the invention process take place had changed how he addressed issues in his vinyl records (黑胶唱片) business. 4. What drove Damian to create The Garbage Lot? A. His attention to neighborhood safety. B. The mess caused by fallen trash cans. C. His interest in environmental science. D. The need for an invention competition. 5. How does the OIL program prepare students for future jobs? A. By providing paid STEM education. B. By creating jobs that haven’t existed. C. By promoting entrepreneurial thinking. D. By selling invention presentation skills. 6. What quality of Damian impressed his teachers? A. Commitment. B. Intelligence. C. Curiosity. D. Leadership. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Family of Inventors. B. From Inspired to Inspiring. C. Solving Problems with OIL. D. Turning Trash into Treasure. C The Greenland shark are hard to find, which primarily live in the deep, cold waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans, and are the only sharks to stand the freezing temperatures year-round. Some individuals of the species might have been swimming there since colonial times — and researchers are just beginning to figure out how. Research published in 2016 determined the sharks are the longest-living vertebrates (脊柱动物), likely living to be around 400 years old, with the estimate ranging from 272 years old to over 500 years old. Now, a new study aims to understand the mechanism behind that longevity. An international team of scientists has become the first to map the Greenland shark’s genome (基因组), sequencing about 92% of its DNA and providing insight into the inner workings of the long-lived fish. The study found the shark’s genome to be extraordinarily large, twice as long as a human’s and bigger than any other shark genome sequenced to date. The researchers are analyzing the genome to explore what its large size may mean for the shark’s longevity. One reason for a longer genome might come down to the shark’s ability to repair its DNA, a feature that has commonly been seen in other species with exceptional lifespans. The Greenland shark is unique in that a vast amount — more than 70% — of its genome is made up of jumping genes. It seems that in the Greenland shark, the genes that repair DNA have been acting as jumping genes, duplicating (复制) themselves in the genome and slowing down the aging process by fixing damaged DNA. The study authors released their findings as a preprint — a scientific paper that has not gone through the peer-review process — as they invite more scientists to study the genome and conduct their own analysis of the shark’s DNA. By studying the longevity mechanisms of the Greenland shark, scientists could also gain more insight into how to potentially extend the human lifespan, the authors said. 8. What can we learn about Greenland sharks in paragraph 1? A. They are known for their large size. B. They can survive in extreme environments. C. They are often found in warm tropical waters. D. They have been studied extensively for decades. 9. What does the new study aim to explore about the Greenland Shark? A. How long they can actually live. B. How they interact with other species. C. What structures make them adaptable. D. What contributes to their long lifespan. 10. What role does the large size of the Greenland shark’s genome play? A. It increases their reproductive rate. B. It allows for faster swimming speed. C. It enhances their ability to repair DNA. D. It makes them resistant to most diseases. 11 What do we know about the study? A. It has invited serious criticism. B. It has gained wide recognition. C. It still needs further research. D. It solved the mystery of aging. D Deep down, everyone wants to be understood. The study of children aged 3 to 12 years old was led by Seyda Ozgaliskan, a psychological scientist at Georgia State University, whose research tries to understand how language affects the way people construct and express ideas, which can be seen in gestures. As one kind of non-verbal communication, gestures may indicate how someone is feeling and could perhaps reveal insights into children’s cognitive abilities as they develop, so Özqaliskan thinks. In this latest study, 100 children were asked first to describe an action with words and hand movements, and then to describe the same action without speaking using only their hands. Half the children were native English speakers, and the other 50 kids spoke Turkish as their first language. English and Turkish make for a good comparison because they differ in terms of how speakers of each language describe events. “If you’re speaking Turkish and want to describe someone running into a house, you have to chunk it up. You say, ‘he’s running and then he enters the house,’” explains Özgalhskan. “But if it’s in English, they’ll just say ‘he ran into the house,’ all in one compact sentence.” “We wanted to find out whether gesture does or does not follow these linguistic (语言的) differences and how early do children learn these patterns,” she adds. When children spoke and gestured at the same time, Turkish-speaking children ordered their gestures the same as they would a sentence, and English-speaking children pressed theirs into one movement. However, when describing the same scenes without speaking, the language-specific differences in gestures had seemingly evaporated (蒸发), which echoes Özgalhskan’s earlier work with adults and further proves that language can influence nonverbal representations of events. Özcaliskan and colleagues suggest their findings, although tentative (尝试性的), hint at the possibility that we all share some fundamental non-verbal communication system that gets overridden once we start learning language. Of course, this research interpreted abstract gestures from a few hundred subjects — hardly enough data to support such a big claim, but certainly an inviting idea to explore. 12. Why did the study employ children of different native languages? A. To test linguistic influences on non-verbal expression. B. To uncover the universal meaning of a specific gesture. C. To recognize how speakers of each language describe events. D. To prove the same gesture has different meanings in distinct cultures. 13. What does the phrase “chunk it up” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Cut it out. B. Join it up. C. Break it down. D. Pair it off. 14. What does Özcaliskan think of their findings? A. Conclusive. B. Worthwhile. C. Pioneering. D. Groundless. 15. Which of the following sentence best summarize the new findings? A. Gestures influence human linguistic development. B Non-verbal communication conveys more than words. C. A shared non-verbal communication system might exist. D. Cultural settings decide the way people construct their ideas. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Athletes of every sport prove it’s never too late to uncover your fitness potential. Whether you have big Olympic dreams or just want to finish a 5K run, here are science-backed tips on how to kickstart (and keep) an exercise routine. Start an exercise routine that you’ll actually continue This may sound like a no-brainer, but many people start off their fitness journey with a too-ambitious routine in the hopes of seeing quick results - only to give up after a few weeks. ___16___ If you like being in nature, plan a day bike or take up surfing. If you love dancing, try a Zumba class. Give yourself a month Commit to about four weeks of exercise. ___17___ One 2020 randomized (随机的) controlled trial, for example, found that people who were paid to exercise for 28 days were likely to continue exercising 10 months later. “___18___,” says Katy Milkman, a professor at the Wharton School of Business who worked on the study. “If you can get that repetition going while you have high motivation, you’re much more likely to have a behavior change that lasts.” ___19___ Exercise doesn’t have to leave you absolutely exhausted for it to count. Research shows that just a little bit counts in big ways. You can try mowing the lawn, taking your dog on a brisk walk or playing basketball with friends. Any kind of regular, moderate physical activity that gets your heart rate up will bring you benefits like better sleep, reduced anxiety and lower blood pressure. Get a workout buddy ___20___ Teammates help you “hold yourself accountable,” says Dr. Mitesh Patel, a behavioral scientist. You’ll be less likely to break from your training plan if a gym buddy is counting on you to show up and put in the work with them. A. Repetition is the key. B. Engage in various exercises. C. Change your definition of “exercise”. D. So think about the kind of sport that makes you feel good. E. According to research, this can help you build a new routine. F. There’s a reason many Olympic athletes train with partners or on larger teams. G. Try new exercises, explore various workout classes, or engage in recreational sports. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to ____21____ a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____22____. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____23____ . I ____24____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He ____25____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and ____26____ the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began ____27____ . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____28____ higher up the tree trunk. ____29____ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he _____30_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d _____31_____ the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too _____32_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____33_____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____34_____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____35_____ to go back up. 21. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness 22. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves 23. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless 24. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited 25. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked 26. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated 27. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing 28. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey 29. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately 30. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched 31. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto 32. A. high B. early C. fast D. close 33. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading 34. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry 35. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese culture, the snake is an important theme, but ___36___ (it) symbolic meanings have changed over time. As snakes are often found in underground caves, they ___37___ (believe) to be linked to the dead, ___38___ are buried underground, according to Han Ding, an associate professor of archaeology at Henan University. Pottery pieces ___39___ (unearth) from an early Shang Dynasty (around 16th-11th century BC) capital, in ___40___ is now Zhengzhou, show images of a human head within the mouths of snakes. Han added that by placing a human head within the mouths of snakes, people performed a ceremonial death, allowing communication with their ancestors in the afterlife. Seeking to rise above these boundaries and show respect ___41___ their ancestors, people saw the snake as possessing the qualities they needed. ___42___ (live) on earth for more than 100 million years, the snake has always been part of Chinese culture and life. “Changing from the Neolithic era (新石器时代), snakes served ___43___ bridges between humans and gods and ___44___ (eventual) became a zodiac symbol for the common folk. The cultural significance tied to snakes has only grown richer, ____45____ (continue) into modern times,” said Wang Fang, deputy director of the Jinsha Site Museum in Chengdu. 第四部分：课本词汇知识检测 根据句意及所给单词的首字母、英文解释完成下列句子。（每小题 1 分，满分 10分） 46. He was incapable of s______ close relationships with women. (to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 47. Other personal ______ (possess) include a £2,500 horse and a £25,000 Morgan car. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Anyone who is regularly late for work is likely to be d______ or dismissed. (to punish someone in order to keep order and control) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 49. They are collecting research findings that c______ new light on the origin of our universe. （根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写） 50. Several other recent studies have shown that moderate ______(consume) of red wine, in particular, is helpful for preventing heart disease. (所给词的适当形式填空) 51. The s______ countryside is very pretty, with the South Downs attracting many walkers. (near or around a particular place) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 52. Yet for most visitors from overseas Windisch with its treasure is definitely off the b______ track. (根据首字母单词拼写) 53. He gave enough encouragement to the army command without losing control of the situation a______ .(completely) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 54. Temporary relief from worry and anxiety can be achieved by totally o______ the mind with something else. (be busy doing it) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 55. Bukharin’s point was that the same methods can not be used to carry through these two quite d______ tasks. (clearly different or belonging to a different type) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 第五部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你校将组织一次为期两天的文化旅行活动，前往中国的一个历史文化名城。请你给交换生朋友Mike写一封邀请信，邀请他参加此次活动。内容包括： 1．旅行时间、地点和目的；2．旅行的亮点。 注意： 1．写作字数应为80左右； 2．请按照如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I wanted to go to a party. Especially it was a beach party. It had been almost the only thing my friends had been talking about for the last couple of weeks. But My mom had said no. The more desperately I pleaded her case, the more forcefully my mother said no. “I don’t care who’s going,” said coldly my mother, “you are not going.” I was heartbroken. This was my best friend’s party. Sunday dinner came around and my grandmother joined the family for the meal. Gran noticed my depression but didn’t say a word. It was my turn to wash up and Gran said, “Let me help you.” “What’s up?” asked Gran as I dumped the dishes into the foaming water. Gran wiped a plate with a tea towel. “Mom won’t let me go to my best friend’s party.” I said sadly. “Has mom explained why she doesn’t want you to go?” asked Gran. “No.” I replied. “Then for a moment, put yourself in her position.” said Gran. “If you were mom, what would your objections be?” I hadn’t stopped to think about my mom’s side. “Well,” I answered, “it’s a beach party. Maybe she doesn’t trust us or thinks we’ll get into trouble.” “Are there going to be any adults there?” asked Gran. “No,” I said, “who wants their parents hanging around when you’re trying to have fun?” “Might it just be,” said Gran, “your mother doesn’t want anything unfortunate to happen to you.”“Nothing will happen.” I objected. “Maybe you’re right,” said Gran, “but maybe mom’s worried in case it could.” Gran looked at me gently, seeming to expect my agreement. For a minute or so, I kept silent, pondering for a while about my eagerness for the party. “Maybe, you are right, however, is there no hope?” I inquired. “Not necessarily.” answered Gran, lost in thought. Paragraph 1: “Then maybe think of a compromise.” suggested Gran. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The long-awaited beach party finally came. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 南京一中2024-2025学年度第二学期3月考试试卷 高二英语 选择题部分 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例: How much is the shirt? A．£19.15. B．£9.18. C．£9.15. 答案是C。 1．When will Mr. Wilson be available? A．At about 2 p. m. B．At about 3 p. m. C．At about 4 p. m. 2．Why did the man miss school yesterday? A．He went to the seaside. B．He visited his parents. C．He didn’t feel very well. 3．What are the speakers talking about? A．A dress. B．A store. C．A wedding. 4．What will the man do next? A．Have lunch. B．Deal with some emails. C．Switch off the computer. 5．What relation is Mary to the man? A．His teacher. B．His neighbor. C．His colleague. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．Why is the woman looking forward to helping the National Trust? A．It allows her to visit historic buildings closely. B．It is an organization for young adults. C．It does construction work. 7．What will the woman mainly do this summer? A．Enjoy beach scenery. B．Travel around an island. C．Engage in conservation activities. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is concerning the woman? A．She can’t follow her schedule. B．She can’t finish her homework. C．She can’t spare time for her hobbies. 9．What does Mike suggest the woman do? A．Manage her time well. B．Enjoy different hobbies. C．Put homework in the first place. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．What is the relationship between the speakers? A．Employer and employee. B．Waitress and customer. C．Workmates. 11．What did Anna do after her mistake? A．She apologized. B．She left in a panic. C．She brought another glass of wine. 12．What does Jonathan do in the end? A．Treat Anna to some dessert. B．Offer to cover up Anna’s mistake. C．Give Anna advice on handling the situation. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．How did Helen become aware of dealing with rubbish? A．She was told by her teacher. B．She was influenced by her father. C．She was inspired by a radio program. 14．Why did Helen contact her cousin? A．To visit him. B．To clean up beaches. C．To meet some surfers. 15．What does Helen think of the problem of rubbish? A．It is serious. B．It is solvable. C．It is urgent. 16．What did Helen do to kill time when working on the beach? A．She talked on the phone. B．She listened to music. C．She sang songs. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What is the speaker talking about? A．How to diet. B．How to eat properly. C．How to maintain food nutrition. 18．What is the alternative to cookies? A．Bread. B．Vegetables. C．Fruit. 19．What are people advised to do when eating? A．Clear the plate. B．Ski p heavy food. C．Avoid getting full. 20．Which food is the most filling? A．The whole grain bread. B．The wheat bread. C．The white bread. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The APS Bridge Program The APS Bridge Program is to increase the number of physics PhDs awarded to ethnic and racial minority (URM) students, thus improving racial diversity (多样性) in the physics community. The program’s leadership team recognizes that to reach the goal, it is essential to build a large base of institutions (学院) that can admit URM students through an APS student application process. Therefore, we have established two levels for institutions to join in. Membership Institutions Institutions that support APS goals and missions may join. Benefits of Membership ●Registration discounts for APS Bridge Program conferences and workshops ●Immediate, focused APS Bridge Program updates ●APS support in improving diversity in your physics department ●Use of project-generated statistics (PowerPoint slides, data plots, etc.) Apply for Membership To apply for institutional membership, please review and submit the application form. Partnership Institutions Partnership institutions need to go through a vetting (审查) process to determine if the institutions offer supportive environment for APS students. Benefits of Partnership Includes all the benefits of a Membership in addition to the following: ●Access to a talent pool of students looking to pursue a graduate degree in Physics ●Recommendation of their graduate programs to URM students in APS Bridge Programs ●Seeking help from program staff who are expert at support strategies for URM students Apply for Partnership Applications are accepted in March of each year. 1. What is the aim of the APS Bridge Program? A. To take more physics PhDs. B. To offer funds to URM students. C. To diversify physics PhD graduates. D. To aid students’ academic performance. 2. Which of the following benefits is unique to partnership status? A. Up-to-date information on the program. B. Recommendation of URM students. C. Free access to program resources. D. Support from the program staff. 3. Who are the target readers of the text? A. Physics teachers. B. Educational institutions. C. Student applicants. D. Parents of undergraduates. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍的是APS Bridge计划如何通过建立多层级学院网络，增加授予少数民族学生的物理学博士学位数量，以提升物理学界的多样性。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据首段中的“The APS Bridge Program is to increase the number of physics PhDs awarded to ethnic and racial minority (URM) students, thus improving racial diversity (多样性) in the physics community.(APS Bridge计划旨在增加授予种族和少数民族（URM）学生的物理学博士学位数量，从而提高物理学界的种族多样性。)”可知，该计划旨在增加授予少数民族学生的物理学博士学位数量，以提高物理学界的多样性。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中Benefits of Partnership部分中的“Seeking help from program staff who are expert at support strategies for URM students (寻求来自擅长支持URM学生策略的项目工作人员的帮助。)”可知，合作伙伴可以得到专门针对URM学生的支持策略方面的帮助。故选D项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段中的“The program’s leadership team recognizes that to reach the goal, it is essential to build a large base of institutions (学院) that can admit URM students through an APS student application process. Therefore, we have established two levels for institutions to join in.(该计划的领导团队认识到，要达到目标，建立一个能够通过APS学生申请流程录取URM学生的大型学院基础是至关重要的。因此，我们为机构设定了两个加入级别。)”以及表格中介绍的如何成为APS Bridge Program的成员或合作伙伴，以及这些角色可以享受哪些好处可知，本文应是针对的是那些可能有兴趣加入该项目的教育机构。故选B项。 B In 2018, 12-year-old Damian Earley was walking his dog when he noticed garbage cans knocked over by the wind, spilling trash onto the streets of his Columbus neighborhood. Disturbed by the environmental damage, he was inspired to create The Garbage Lot, a heavy platform with a locking mechanism to keep trash cans upright (直立). His invention won the “Industry Innovator Award” at Ohio’s Invention Convention and later earned first place at the national level. Damian’s path as an inventor was shaped by his participation in the Ohio Invention League (the OIL), a nonprofit that provides free STEM education to K-12 students. Through hands-on invention competitions, he learned to “sell” his invention to judges. Writing and crafting his presentation helped sharpen his communication skills and practice entrepreneurship (创业), which are crucial for the future employment market where students will likely work in jobs that have not yet been created. Damian’s teachers, particularly Sarah Priebe, admired his strong work ethic. She recalled Damian’s exceptional oral presentation in eighth grade, “You can tell he put a lot of time and practice into it. Many gifted students don’t seem to need to work as hard to excel at school, but he is always engaged and ready.” Elena and Zavier, Damian’s siblings, followed in his footsteps, creating their own inventions and receiving awards. Elena, 14, developed a device to remove bad smells from washing machines, while 11-year-old Zavier invented a drone for people with limited mobility. Their father, Matt, shared that watching the invention process take place had changed how he addressed issues in his vinyl records (黑胶唱片) business. 4. What drove Damian to create The Garbage Lot? A. His attention to neighborhood safety. B. The mess caused by fallen trash cans. C. His interest in environmental science. D The need for an invention competition. 5. How does the OIL program prepare students for future jobs? A. By providing paid STEM education. B. By creating jobs that haven’t existed. C. By promoting entrepreneurial thinking. D. By selling invention presentation skills. 6. What quality of Damian impressed his teachers? A. Commitment. B. Intelligence. C. Curiosity. D. Leadership. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Family of Inventors. B. From Inspired to Inspiring. C. Solving Problems with OIL. D. Turning Trash into Treasure. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了12岁的Damian Earley因受到社区环境问题的启发而发明了The Garbage Lot，并在Ohio Invention League (OIL)的支持下取得成功，他的家人也深受启发的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第一段中“In 2018, 12-year-old Damian Earley was walking his dog when he noticed garbage cans knocked over by the wind, spilling trash onto the streets of his Columbus neighborhood. Disturbed by the environmental damage, he was inspired to create The Garbage Lot, a heavy platform with a locking mechanism to keep trash cans upright (直立). ( 2018年，12岁的Damian Earley在遛狗时注意到垃圾桶被风吹倒，垃圾散落在哥伦布附近的街道上。受到环境破坏的困扰，他受到启发，创造了The Garbage Lot，这是一个带有锁定机制的沉重平台，可以保持垃圾桶直立。)”可知，Damian发明The Garbage Lot的原因是受到倒下垃圾桶导致街道混乱的触动。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Through hands-on invention competitions, he learned to “sell” his invention to judges. Writing and crafting his presentation helped sharpen his communication skills and practice entrepreneurship (创业), which are crucial for the future employment market where students will likely work in jobs that have not yet been created. (通过亲身参与发明竞赛，他学会了向评委“推销”自己的发明。撰写和精心制作他的演讲有助于提高他的沟通能力和实践创业精神，这对未来的就业市场至关重要，因为学生们可能会从事尚未创造的工作。)”可知，Ohio Invention League通过培养学生的沟通能力和创业思维，帮助他们为未来可能出现的工作做好准备。故选C。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中““You can tell he put a lot of time and practice into it. Many gifted students don’t seem to need to work as hard to excel at school, but he is always engaged and ready.” (“你可以看出他花了很多时间和练习。许多有天赋的学生似乎不需要像他那样努力学习就能在学校脱颖而出，但他总是很投入，随时准备好。”)”可知，Damian令老师印象深刻的品质是他对工作的专注和投入。故选A。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“Elena and Zavier, Damian’s siblings, followed in his footsteps, creating their own inventions and receiving awards. Elena, 14, developed a device to remove bad smells from washing machines, while 11-year-old Zavier invented a drone for people with limited mobility. Their father, Matt, shared that watching the invention process take place had changed how he addressed issues in his vinyl records (黑胶唱片) business. (Damian的兄弟姐妹Elena和Zavier跟随他的脚步，创造了自己的发明并获得了奖项。14岁的Elena发明了一种去除洗衣机异味的装置，11岁的Zavier为行动不便的人发明了一种无人机。他们的父亲Matt分享说，目睹发明过程的发生改变了他处理黑胶唱片业务问题的方式。)”可知，文章主要讲的是12岁的Damian Earley因受到社区环境问题的启发而发明了The Garbage Lot，并在Ohio Invention League (OIL)的支持下取得成功，他的家人也深受启发的故事。故文章最适合的标题是“从受到启发到影响他人”。故选B项。 C The Greenland shark are hard to find, which primarily live in the deep, cold waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans, and are the only sharks to stand the freezing temperatures year-round. Some individuals of the species might have been swimming there since colonial times — and researchers are just beginning to figure out how. Research published in 2016 determined the sharks are the longest-living vertebrates (脊柱动物), likely living to be around 400 years old, with the estimate ranging from 272 years old to over 500 years old. Now, a new study aims to understand the mechanism behind that longevity. An international team of scientists has become the first to map the Greenland shark’s genome (基因组), sequencing about 92% of its DNA and providing insight into the inner workings of the long-lived fish. The study found the shark’s genome to be extraordinarily large, twice as long as a human’s and bigger than any other shark genome sequenced to date. The researchers are analyzing the genome to explore what its large size may mean for the shark’s longevity. One reason for a longer genome might come down to the shark’s ability to repair its DNA, a feature that has commonly been seen in other species with exceptional lifespans. The Greenland shark is unique in that a vast amount — more than 70% — of its genome is made up of jumping genes. It seems that in the Greenland shark, the genes that repair DNA have been acting as jumping genes, duplicating (复制) themselves in the genome and slowing down the aging process by fixing damaged DNA. The study authors released their findings as a preprint — a scientific paper that has not gone through the peer-review process — as they invite more scientists to study the genome and conduct their own analysis of the shark’s DNA. By studying the longevity mechanisms of the Greenland shark, scientists could also gain more insight into how to potentially extend the human lifespan, the authors said. 8. What can we learn about Greenland sharks in paragraph 1? A. They are known for their large size. B. They can survive in extreme environments. C. They are often found in warm tropical waters. D. They have been studied extensively for decades. 9. What does the new study aim to explore about the Greenland Shark? A. How long they can actually live. B. How they interact with other species. C. What structures make them adaptable. D. What contributes to their long lifespan. 10. What role does the large size of the Greenland shark’s genome play? A. It increases their reproductive rate. B. It allows for faster swimming speed. C. It enhances their ability to repair DNA. D. It makes them resistant to most diseases. 11. What do we know about the study? A. It has invited serious criticism. B. It has gained wide recognition. C. It still needs further research. D. It solved the mystery of aging. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对格陵兰鲨的研究，包括其长寿的机制和基因组的特点。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The Greenland shark are hard to find, which primarily live in the deep, cold waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic oceans, and are the only sharks to stand the freezing temperatures year-round.(格陵兰鲨很难找到，它们主要生活在北大西洋和北冰洋的深海冷水中，是全年唯一能承受冰冻温度的鲨鱼)”可知，格陵兰鲨能在极端环境中生存。故选B。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Now, a new study aims to understand the mechanism behind that longevity.(现在，一项新的研究旨在了解这种长寿背后的机制)”可知，这项新研究旨在探索格陵兰鲨长寿的原因。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“One reason for a longer genome might come down to the shark’s ability to repair its DNA.(基因组更长的一个原因可能是鲨鱼修复DNA的能力)”可知，格陵兰鲨庞大的基因组增强了它们修复DNA的能力。故选C。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study authors released their findings as a preprint — a scientific paper that has not gone through the peer-review process — as they invite more scientists to study the genome and conduct their own analysis of the shark’s DNA.(研究作者以预印本的形式发布了他们的研究结果——这是一篇尚未经过同行评审的科学论文——因为他们邀请更多的科学家来研究这种鲨鱼的基因组，并对其DNA进行自己的分析)”可推知，这项研究还需要进一步的研究。故选C。 D Deep down, everyone wants to be understood. The study of children aged 3 to 12 years old was led by Seyda Ozgaliskan, a psychological scientist at Georgia State University, whose research tries to understand how language affects the way people construct and express ideas, which can be seen in gestures. As one kind of non-verbal communication, gestures may indicate how someone is feeling and could perhaps reveal insights into children’s cognitive abilities as they develop, so Özqaliskan thinks. In this latest study, 100 children were asked first to describe an action with words and hand movements, and then to describe the same action without speaking using only their hands. Half the children were native English speakers, and the other 50 kids spoke Turkish as their first language. English and Turkish make for a good comparison because they differ in terms of how speakers of each language describe events. “If you’re speaking Turkish and want to describe someone running into a house, you have to chunk it up. You say, ‘he’s running and then he enters the house,’” explains Özgalhskan. “But if it’s in English, they’ll just say ‘he ran into the house,’ all in one compact sentence.” “We wanted to find out whether gesture does or does not follow these linguistic (语言的) differences and how early do children learn these patterns,” she adds. When children spoke and gestured at the same time, Turkish-speaking children ordered their gestures the same as they would a sentence, and English-speaking children pressed theirs into one movement. However, when describing the same scenes without speaking, the language-specific differences in gestures had seemingly evaporated (蒸发), which echoes Özgalhskan’s earlier work with adults and further proves that language can influence nonverbal representations of events. Özcaliskan and colleagues suggest their findings, although tentative (尝试性的), hint at the possibility that we all share some fundamental non-verbal communication system that gets overridden once we start learning language. Of course, this research interpreted abstract gestures from a few hundred subjects — hardly enough data to support such a big claim, but certainly an inviting idea to explore. 12. Why did the study employ children of different native languages? A. To test linguistic influences on non-verbal expression. B. To uncover the universal meaning of a specific gesture. C. To recognize how speakers of each language describe events. D. To prove the same gesture has different meanings in distinct cultures. 13. What does the phrase “chunk it up” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Cut it out. B. Join it up. C. Break it down. D. Pair it off. 14. What does Özcaliskan think of their findings? A. Conclusive. B. Worthwhile. C. Pioneering. D. Groundless. 15. Which of the following sentence best summarize the new findings? A. Gestures influence human linguistic development. B. Non-verbal communication conveys more than words. C. A shared non-verbal communication system might exist. D. Cultural settings decide the way people construct their ideas. 【答案】12. A 13. C 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是通过对比不同语言背景儿童的手势表达，探索语言如何影响非言语沟通及认知发展，表明可能存在一种共通的非言语交流系统。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The study of children aged 3 to 12 years old was led by Seyda Ozgaliskan, a psychological scientist at Georgia State University, whose research tries to understand how language affects the way people construct and express ideas, which can be seen in gestures.(由乔治亚州立大学的心理学家Seyda Ozgaliskan领导的一项针对3至12岁儿童的研究，旨在了解语言如何影响人们构建和表达想法的方式，这也可以通过手势观察到。)”可知，该研究旨在了解语言如何影响人们构建和表达想法的方式，结合第三段中的“English and Turkish make for a good comparison because they differ in terms of how speakers of each language describe events.(英语和土耳其语非常适合进行比较，因为这两种语言在描述事件的方式上存在差异。)”可知，研究选择了不同母语的孩子，因为这两种语言在描述事件时存在差异，由此可知，选择不同母语的孩子目的是测试这些语言差异是否会影响非言语表达。故选A项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语前的“If you’re speaking Turkish and want to describe someone running into a house(如果你说土耳其语并想描述某人跑进一所房子)”以及下文中的“You say, ‘he’s running and then he enters the house,’(你会说，‘他在跑，然后他进了房子’)”可知，土耳其与描述某人跑进一所房子时，会将句子分解成“他在跑”，然后“他进入了房子”两个部分进行表述，由此可推断，划线短语的意思与“分解”意义相近。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据尾段中的“Of course, this research interpreted abstract gestures from a few hundred subjects — hardly enough data to support such a big claim, but certainly an inviting idea to explore. (当然，这项研究只是从几百名受试者的抽象手势中得出的结论——还不足以支持如此重大的主张，但这确实是一个值得探索的有趣想法。)”可知，这项研究尽管不足以支持如此重大的主张，但是确实是一个值得探索的有趣想法，由此可推断，Özcaliskan认为这项研究是值得的。故选B项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“However, when describing the same scenes without speaking, the language-specific differences in gestures had seemingly evaporated (蒸发), which echoes Özgalhskan’s earlier work with adults and further proves that language can influence nonverbal representations of events.(然而，当不用语言描述相同场景时，语言特有的手势差异似乎消失了，这与Özgaliskan早期对成年人的研究相呼应，并进一步证明了语言可以影响事件的非言语表征。)”以及尾段中的“Özcaliskan and colleagues suggest their findings, although tentative (尝试性的), hint at the possibility that we all share some fundamental non-verbal communication system that gets overridden once we start learning language.(Özcaliskan及其同事认为，尽管他们的发现是初步的，但暗示了可能存在某种基本的非言语交流系统，这种系统在人们开始学习语言后会被覆盖。)”可知，研究发现当孩子们不说话仅用手势描述同一场景时，语言特有的手势差异似乎消失了，由此暗示了可能存在一种共通的基础非言语交流系统，由此可知，可能存在一种共享的非言语交流系统最好地总结了新的研究发现。故选C项。 第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Athletes of every sport prove it’s never too late to uncover your fitness potential. Whether you have big Olympic dreams or just want to finish a 5K run, here are science-backed tips on how to kickstart (and keep) an exercise routine. Start an exercise routine that you’ll actually continue This may sound like a no-brainer, but many people start off their fitness journey with a too-ambitious routine in the hopes of seeing quick results - only to give up after a few weeks. ___16___ If you like being in nature, plan a day bike or take up surfing. If you love dancing, try a Zumba class. Give yourself a month Commit to about four weeks of exercise. ___17___ One 2020 randomized (随机的) controlled trial, for example, found that people who were paid to exercise for 28 days were likely to continue exercising 10 months later. “___18___,” says Katy Milkman, a professor at the Wharton School of Business who worked on the study. “If you can get that repetition going while you have high motivation, you’re much more likely to have a behavior change that lasts.” ___19___ Exercise doesn’t have to leave you absolutely exhausted for it to count. Research shows that just a little bit counts in big ways. You can try mowing the lawn, taking your dog on a brisk walk or playing basketball with friends. Any kind of regular, moderate physical activity that gets your heart rate up will bring you benefits like better sleep, reduced anxiety and lower blood pressure. Get a workout buddy ___20___ Teammates help you “hold yourself accountable,” says Dr. Mitesh Patel, a behavioral scientist. You’ll be less likely to break from your training plan if a gym buddy is counting on you to show up and put in the work with them. A. Repetition is the key. B. Engage in various exercises. C. Change your definition of “exercise”. D. So think about the kind of sport that makes you feel good. E. According to research, this can help you build a new routine. F. There’s a reason many Olympic athletes train with partners or on larger teams. G. Try new exercises, explore various workout classes, or engage in recreational sports. 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如何开启并保持运动习惯的科学建议，包括：选择能持续进行的运动项目、给自己一个月的时间坚持锻炼以养成习惯、运动不必筋疲力尽而改变对运动的定义尝试多种运动方式、以及找一个一起锻炼的伙伴来保持动力。 【16题详解】 上文“This may sound like a no-brainer, but many people start off their fitness journey with a too-ambitious routine in the hopes of seeing quick results - only to give up after a few weeks. (这听起来似乎是显而易见的，但许多人在开始他们的健身之旅时，都有一个雄心勃勃的计划，希望能很快看到效果，结果几周后就放弃了。)”提到很多人因为开始时的健身计划过于雄心勃勃，希望快速看到效果，结果只坚持了几周就放弃了。D选项“So think about the kind of sport that makes you feel good.(所以想想哪种运动能让你感觉良好。)”提出了一个建议，即选择让自己感觉良好的运动，这与前文形成转折，并为下文提到的根据兴趣选择运动方式做了铺垫。因此，D选项符合语境，能够承上启下。故选D。 【17题详解】 上文“Commit to about four weeks of exercise.( 坚持大约四周的锻炼。)”提到要给自己大约四周的时间来坚持锻炼。E选项“According to research, this can help you build a new routine.(根据研究，这可以帮助你养成一个新的习惯。)”中的“this”指代上文提到的坚持四个星期的锻炼的行为，说明了这样做的好处是养成新的锻炼习惯，与上下文内容紧密相连。故选E。 【18题详解】 下文“If you can get that repetition going while you have high motivation, you’re much more likely to have a behavior change that lasts.(如果你能在动力高涨的时候坚持重复做某事，你就更有可能形成持久的行为改变。)”强调了重复的重要性，A选项“Repetition is the key.(重复是关键。)”直接点明了这一点，与下文内容相呼应。故选A。 【19题详解】 下文提到“Exercise doesn’t have to leave you absolutely exhausted for it to count.(锻炼不一定要让你筋疲力尽才算数。)”和“Any kind of regular, moderate physical activity that gets your heart rate up will bring you benefits like better sleep, reduced anxiety and lower blood pressure.(任何能让你心率上升的常规、适度的体育活动都会给你带来好处，比如更好的睡眠、减轻焦虑和降低血压。)”可知，此处强调改变了对锻炼的传统认知，即锻炼不一定要高强度才能带来好处。C选项“Change your definition of ‘exercise’.(改变你对‘锻炼’的定义。)”直接点明了这一点，是下文内容的概括和总结。故选C。 【20题详解】 下文提到“Teammates help you ‘hold yourself accountable’.(队友会帮助你对自己负责。)”说明了有队友或合作伙伴一起锻炼的好处之一。F选项“There’s a reason many Olympic athletes train with partners or on larger teams.(许多奥运选手选择与伙伴或在大团队中训练是有原因的。)”直接点明了这一点，为下文内容提供了背景和原因。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The sun was beginning to sink as I set off into the Harenna Forest. I was on my way to ____21____ a unique honey harvest. Here, in south-east Ethiopia, hand-carved beehives(蜂箱)are placed in the ____22____. Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____23____ . I ____24____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle. Ziyad began preparations. He ____25____ handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and ____26____ the bunch to create a torch(火把). Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree, Ziyad began ____27____ . He stopped every few minutes to move the ____28____ higher up the tree trunk. ____29____ , Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground. Sitting on a branch, he _____30_____ towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the hive. Suddenly, Ziyad let out a sharp cry. Within seconds, he’d _____31_____ the trunk and was back on the ground. It was too _____32_____ to collect the honey. A cool summer had delayed _____33_____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢). The adult bees were _____34_____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree. He had to wait for the right _____35_____ to go back up. 21. A. share B. collect C. celebrate D. witness 22. A. courtyards B. fields C. treetops D. caves 23. A. urgent B. dangerous C. expensive D. pointless 24. A. searched B. recognised C. followed D. invited 25. A. gathered B. cleaned C. dropped D. checked 26. A. shook B. lit C. measured D. decorated 27. A. jumping B. talking C. testing D. climbing 28. A. hives B. leaves C. rope D. honey 29. A. Finally B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Immediately 30. A. backed B. dived C. shouted D. inched 31. A. cut off B. gone up C. slid down D. held onto 32. A. high B. early C. fast D. close 33. A. hatching B. training C. sowing D. trading 34. A. curious B. hungry C. bored D. angry 35. A. moment B. equipment C. person D. order 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A. share分享；B. collect收集；C. celebrate庆祝；D. witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I ____4____ beekeeper Ziyad over a wide stretch of grassland before entering a thick jungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A. courtyards庭院；B. fields田野；领域；C. treetops树顶；D. caves洞穴。根据下文“higher up the tree trunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A. urgent紧急的；B. dangerous危险的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. pointless毫无意义的。根据“The adult bees were ____14____ and kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A. searched搜索；B. recognised认出；C. followed跟随；D. invited邀请。根据前文“I was on my way to ____1____ a unique honey harvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. gathered聚集、采集；B. cleaned清除；C. dropped掉落；D. checked检查。根据下文“handfuls of damp tree leaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A. shook摇晃；B. lit点燃；点亮；C. measured测量；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“to create a torch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A. jumping跳；B. talking谈话；C. testing测试；D. climbing攀爬。根据“higher up the tree trunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。 28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A. hives蜂房；B. leaves树叶；C. rope绳索；D. honey蜂蜜。根据“Then, with one end of a rope tied to his waist and the other end around the trunk of a tree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A. Finally最终；B. Surprisingly令人意外地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Immediately立刻。根据上文“He stopped every few minutes to move the ____8____ higher up the tree trunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A. backed支持；B. dived跳水；C. shouted对……大声喊叫；D. inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reaching them to get the honey is difficult—and often ____3____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A. cut off切除；B. gone up上升；C. slid down滑下；D. held onto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyad got close to the hive which was around 20 metres above the ground.”和后文“was back on the ground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A. high高的；B. early早的；C. fast快速的；D. close亲近的。根据下文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A. hatching孵化；B. training培训；C. sowing播种；D. trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。 34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A. curious好奇的；B. hungry饥饿的；C. bored无聊的；D. angry生气的。根据下文“kept attacking as Ziyad escaped from the tree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A. moment时刻；B. equipment设备；C. person个人；D. order点餐；命令。根据上文“A cool summer had delayed ____13____ . Baby bees were still in the honeycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。 【点睛】 第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese culture, the snake is an important theme, but ___36___ (it) symbolic meanings have changed over time. As snakes are often found in underground caves, they ___37___ (believe) to be linked to the dead, ___38___ are buried underground, according to Han Ding, an associate professor of archaeology at Henan University. Pottery pieces ___39___ (unearth) from an early Shang Dynasty (around 16th-11th century BC) capital, in ___40___ is now Zhengzhou, show images of a human head within the mouths of snakes. Han added that by placing a human head within the mouths of snakes, people performed a ceremonial death, allowing communication with their ancestors in the afterlife. Seeking to rise above these boundaries and show respect ___41___ their ancestors, people saw the snake as possessing the qualities they needed. ___42___ (live) on earth for more than 100 million years, the snake has always been part of Chinese culture and life. “Changing from the Neolithic era (新石器时代), snakes served ___43___ bridges between humans and gods and ___44___ (eventual) became a zodiac symbol for the common folk. The cultural significance tied to snakes has only grown richer, ____45____ (continue) into modern times,” said Wang Fang, deputy director of the Jinsha Site Museum in Chengdu. 【答案】36. its 37. are believed 38. who 39. unearthed 40. what 41. for 42. Having lived 43. as 44. eventually 45. continuing 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国文化中蛇的象征意义及其历史演变；最后提到蛇作为十二生肖之一的现代意义，展示了蛇在中国文化中的重要地位。 【36题详解】 考查代词。句意：在中国文化中，蛇是一个重要的主题，但它的象征意义随着时间的推移而变化。形容词性物主代词its作定语，修饰名词短语symbolic meanings。故填its。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：河南大学考古学副教授韩鼎表示，由于蛇经常出现在地下洞穴中，人们认为它们与埋在地下的死者有关。主句主语they指代snakes，和主句谓语动词believe是被动关系，固定短语be believed to do sth. (被认为做某事)，讲述一般性事实，时态用一般现在时。故填are believed。 【38题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：河南大学考古学副教授韩鼎表示，由于蛇经常出现在地下洞穴中，人们认为它们与埋在地下的死者有关。该空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the dead，指人，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词who。故填who。 【39题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：在商朝早期（公元前16-11世纪左右）的首都郑州出土的陶器上，有蛇嘴里有人头的图像。非谓语动词unearth和Pottery pieces是逻辑被动关系，unearth用过去分词形式作后置定语修饰名词短语Pottery pieces。故填unearthed。 【40题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在商朝早期（公元前16-11世纪左右）的首都郑州出土的陶器上，有蛇嘴里有人头的图像。该空引导宾语从句，从句中缺主语，意为“……的地方”，用连接代词what。故填what。 【41题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：为了超越这些界限并尊重祖先，人们认为蛇具有他们所需的品质。固定短语show respect for (对……表示尊敬)。故填for。 【42题详解】 考查现在分词完成式。句意：蛇在地球上生活了1亿多年，一直是中国文化和生活的一部分。非谓语动词live和the snake是逻辑主动关系，且live发生在谓语之前，live用现在分词完成式（having done）作状语，首字母大写。故填Having lived。 【43题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：从新石器时代开始，蛇就成为人与神之间的桥梁，最终成为普通民众的生肖象征。固定短语serve as (充当)。故填as。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：从新石器时代开始，蛇就成为人与神之间的桥梁，最终成为普通民众的生肖象征。副词eventually作状语修饰动词became。故填eventually。 【45题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：与蛇相关的文化意义越来越丰富，一直延续到现代。非谓语动词continue和主语The cultural significance tied to snakes是逻辑主动关系，continue用现在分词形式作伴随状语，表示“文化意义持续至今”，与主句动作同时发生。故填continuing。 第四部分：课本词汇知识检测 根据句意及所给单词的首字母、英文解释完成下列句子。（每小题 1 分，满分 10分） 46. He was incapable of s______ close relationships with women. (to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 【答案】sustaining##ustaining 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他无法与女人维持亲密的关系。根据英文提示to make something continue to exist or happen for a period of time(使某物在一段时间内继续存在或发生)可知，空处以s开头的单词为sustain，of为介词，空处用动名词作宾语。故填sustaining。 47. Other personal ______ (possess) include a £2,500 horse and a £25,000 Morgan car. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】possessions 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：其他的个人财产还包括一匹价值2500英镑的马和一辆价值25000英镑的摩根汽车。此处为名词作主语，possess的名词为possession，结合谓语动词include可知，此处应使用复数形式。故填possessions。 48. Anyone who is regularly late for work is likely to be d______ or dismissed. (to punish someone in order to keep order and control) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 【答案】disciplined##isciplined 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：任何经常上班迟到的人都可能受到纪律处分或解雇。结合中英文提示可知，表示“处分，处罚”用discipline，空处与dismissed并列，用过去分词。故填disciplined。 49. They are collecting research findings that c______ new light on the origin of our universe. （根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写） 【答案】cast##ast 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：他们正在收集研究成果，为我们宇宙的起源提供新的线索。cast light on使人们明白……； 阐明。根据句中时态可知，用一般现在时。句中先行词是 findings ，在定语从句中作主语，所以从句谓语动词用动词原形。故填cast。 50. Several other recent studies have shown that moderate ______(consume) of red wine, in particular, is helpful for preventing heart disease. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】consumption 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：最近的其他几项研究表明，适量饮用红酒，尤其是红酒，有助于预防心脏病。that引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，用名词，consume对应的名词形式为consumption。故填consumption。 51. The s______ countryside is very pretty, with the South Downs attracting many walkers. (near or around a particular place) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 【答案】surrounding##urrounding 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：周围的乡村非常美丽，南唐斯丘陵吸引了许多徒步旅行者。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词countryside，结合提示的首字母和英文释义“near or around a particular place(在某个特定地点附近或周围)”可知，此处为surrounding意为“周围的、附近的”符合语境和提示。故填surrounding。 52. Yet for most visitors from overseas, Windisch with its treasure is definitely off the b______ track. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】beaten##eaten 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：然而，对于大多数来自海外的游客来说，Windisch及其宝藏绝对偏离了常规路线。此处为形容词作定语修饰track，结合句意以及提示提示的首字母，此处为beaten“常走的”，beaten track是一个固定短语，意为“常规路线，常走的路”。故填beaten。 53. He gave enough encouragement to the army command without losing control of the situation a______ .(completely) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 【答案】altogether##ltogether 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他对军队指挥层给予了足够的鼓励，同时又没有完全失去对局势的掌控。根据completely及首字母a可知，空处为副词altogether，意思为：完全地。故填altogether。 54. Temporary relief from worry and anxiety can be achieved by totally o______ the mind with something else. (be busy doing it) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 【答案】occupying##ccupying 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：通过完全忙于其他事情，可以暂时缓解忧虑和焦虑。根据提示的首字母和英文解释“be busy doing it(忙着做它)”可知，此处应为occupy意为 “使忙碌、占用”，位于介词by之后，所以此处使用动名词形式作宾语。故填occupying。 55. Bukharin’s point was that the same methods can not be used to carry through these two quite d______ tasks. (clearly different or belonging to a different type) (根据首字母、英文解释单词拼写) 【答案】distinct##istinct 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：布哈林观点是，不能用同样的方法来完成这两项截然不同的任务。空处修饰tasks，用形容词作定语，根据clearly different or belonging to a different type“明显不同的或属于不同类型的”可知，d开头的形容词为distinct“截然不同的”。故填distinct。 第五部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 56. 假定你是李华，你校将组织一次为期两天的文化旅行活动，前往中国的一个历史文化名城。请你给交换生朋友Mike写一封邀请信，邀请他参加此次活动。内容包括： 1．旅行时间、地点和目的；2．旅行的亮点。 注意： 1．写作字数应为80左右； 2．请按照如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Mike, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best regards, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mike, I’m Li Hua, and I’m excited to invite you to a two-day cultural trip organized by our school. We’ll visit Suzhou, a famous historical city in China, from April 20th to 21st. The trip aims to help international students learn more about Chinese culture. During the trip, we’ll explore famous landmarks like the Humble Administrator’s Garden, known for its beautiful landscapes and traditional Chinese architecture. We’ll also try traditional crafts such as silk weaving, where you can see how silk is made and even try weaving yourself. Additionally, we’ll enjoy local dishes like Suzhou-style noodles, which are famous for their delicate flavors. I believe you’ll find it both fun and meaningful. I’d be delighted if you could join us. Looking forward to your reply! Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给交换生朋友Mike写一封信，邀请他参加一次为期两天的文化旅行活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 探访：explore→tour 此外：additionally→in addition 著名的：famous→renowned 欣喜的：delighted→pleased 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：During the trip, we’ll explore famous landmarks like the Humble Administrator’s Garden, known for its beautiful landscapes and traditional Chinese architecture. 拓展句：During the trip, we’ll explore famous landmarks like the Humble Administrator’s Garden, which is known for its beautiful landscapes and traditional Chinese architecture. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Additionally, we’ll enjoy local dishes like Suzhou-style noodles, which are famous for their delicate flavors（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I’d be delighted if you could join us.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I wanted to go to a party. Especially it was a beach party. It had been almost the only thing my friends had been talking about for the last couple of weeks. But My mom had said no. The more desperately I pleaded her case, the more forcefully my mother said no. “I don’t care who’s going,” said coldly my mother, “you are not going.” I was heartbroken. This was my best friend’s party. Sunday dinner came around and my grandmother joined the family for the meal. Gran noticed my depression but didn’t say a word. It was my turn to wash up and Gran said “Let me help you.” “What’s up?” asked Gran as I dumped the dishes into the foaming water. Gran wiped a plate with a tea towel. “Mom won’t let me go to my best friend’s party.” I said sadly. “Has mom explained why she doesn’t want you to go?” asked Gran. “No.” I replied. “Then for a moment, put yourself in her position.” said Gran. “If you were mom, what would your objections be?” I hadn’t stopped to think about my mom’s side. “Well,” I answered, “it’s a beach party. Maybe she doesn’t trust us or thinks we’ll get into trouble.” “Are there going to be any adults there?” asked Gran. “No,” I said, “who wants their parents hanging around when you’re trying to have fun?” “Might it just be,” said Gran, “your mother doesn’t want anything unfortunate to happen to you.”“Nothing will happen.” I objected. “Maybe you’re right,” said Gran, “but maybe mom’s worried in case it could.” Gran looked at me gently, seeming to expect my agreement. For a minute or so, I kept silent, pondering for a while about my eagerness for the party. “Maybe, you are right, however, is there no hope?” I inquired. “Not necessarily.” answered Gran, lost in thought. Paragraph 1: “Then maybe think of a compromise.” suggested Gran. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: The long-awaited beach party finally came. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】“Then maybe think of a compromise.” suggested Gran. But I sobbed uncontrollably and couldn’t say a word. “Well, if you could let me go with you, I’d say yes.” My mom added. I wasn’t fond of my mom hanging around like a bodyguard, but to get to the party I had to compromise. “I suppose your mother won’t disturb your party, will she?” Gran looked at mom with a kind smile. “Well, I promise I won’t.” Mom finally gave in to me. My mood gradually improved. I ran to my grandmother and gave her a big hug. I was looking forward to the wonderful party desperately. The long-awaited beach party finally came. I made it at the beach with my mom. At a tree near the destination, mom stopped suddenly, taking out a red mat to sit on and signaling to me to join my friends. I rushed for the crowd. Joyful and excited, we sang, danced and chatted. Occasionally, the red mat in the near distance caught my eye. Mom held a book, leaning against the tree. The moment my eye fell on her, a wave of appreciation surged through me. It became dark when the party was over. I said goodbye to my friends and turned to mom. Under the tree sat mom waiting patiently. Tears of happiness blurring my eyes, I took her hand tightly, heading home. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者想去参加一个海滩派对，但是作者的妈妈不同意，作者很沮丧，吃完饭的时候作者的奶奶来了，到作者洗碗的时候，作者的奶奶问作者发生了什么事情，为什么不开心，作者说出了缘由，奶奶帮忙分析原因，奶奶觉得作者的妈妈只是担心会发生不好的事情，作者问难道没有一点希望了吗，作者的奶奶说不一定。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容““然后也许可以考虑一个妥协方案。”奶奶建议道。”可知，第一段可描写奶奶提出的妥协方案具体是什么。 ②由第二段首句内容“期待已久的海滩派对终于来了。”可知，第二段可描写作者如何在妈妈的陪同下参加派对。 2.续写线索：作者妥协——妈妈保证不打扰——拥抱奶奶——妈妈在树下停下——作者参加派对——妈妈看书——作者感激——作者结束派对——回家 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①保证：promise/gurantee ②拥抱：give sb. a hug/embrace sb. ③回家：head home/go home 情绪类 ①高兴的：joyful/delighted ②兴奋的：excited/thrilled 【点睛】[高分句型1] Well, if you could let me go with you, I’d say yes.(由if引导的条件状语从句) [高分句型2] The moment my eye fell on her, a wave of appreciation surged through me. (由the moment引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$