Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Grammar and usage-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第一册创新导学案word（译林版2020）

Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage Ⅰ.重点词汇 1．not deep or strong; not affecting one deeply——adj. shallow 2．a person who is owned by someone——n. slave 3．the subject matter of a conversation or discussion——n. theme 4．a shared on­line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies——n. blog 5．count__on 依赖，依靠，指望 6．high__point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分 7．come__between__...__and__...__ 损害……之间的关系，离间；妨碍 8．in__person 亲自，亲身 9．eat__away__at 腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏 10．through__thick__and__thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦 Ⅱ.教材原句 1．A real friend is someone whose support we can ____________ (依赖). 答案：count on 2．Yet these days, the modern tools ____________________________ (让我们保持联系) are eating away at the meaning of friendship. 答案：that keep us connected 3．We may be able to ________________________ (在网上交很多朋友), but these friendships can be quite shallow. 答案：make many friends online 4．Social media like blogs has ____________________________ (损害我们和朋友之间的关系) whom we love. 答案：come between us and the friends 5．Texting and messaging cannot __________________ (代替) face­to­face chatting. 答案：take the place of 6．__________________________________ (在社交媒体分享我们的经历) is not enough to express the values which matter most to us. 答案：“Sharing” our experiences on social media 7．__________________________________ (为了让朋友真正成为生活中的一部分), we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person. 答案：To make friends a real part of our lives 8．The high point of the story comes when Huck is faced with the decision of __________________________ (是否把吉姆移交) to some slave catchers. 答案：whether to hand Jim over 9．In the end, Huck decides that Jim is a friend ______________________ (他需要) and values, and refuses to give him up. 答案：who he needs 10．From this story we can see that friends are people who support you ____________________________ (不顾艰难险阻)． 答案：through thick and thin count on 依赖，依靠，指望(教材P34) 归纳 拓展 情景 助记 ①John is not a man to count on, and it's very likely that the work will be finished when he arrives here. 约翰不是一个值得信赖的人，很可能他到这里的时候工作已经完成了。 ②We can't count on this sunny weather lasting. The rainy season is coming. 我们不能指望这晴朗的天气会持久，雨季就要到了。 ③The fact that she had apologized counted for nothing with him. 她已道歉，但他认为没有用。 ④If you're going out tonight you'll have to count me out. 假如你们今晚要出去，别把我算在内。 ⑤She has been counting down to the big day. 她已经在对这个重大的日子倒计时了。 (1)单句语法填空 ①The whole team count ________ Cristiano Ronaldo, who seldom lets them down. ②Just be patient; you can't count on your English ________ (improve) significantly in just two weeks. 答案：①on　②improving/to improve (2)单句表达 ①光有学问而无常识，则这种学问毫无价值。 Knowledge without common sense ____________________． ②看看我们有多少个盘子，但不要算有裂纹的。 See how many plates we have, but don't ________________． 答案：①counts for little/nothing　②count in the cracked ones Grammar　由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句 语法体验 用适当的关系词完成教材中的定语从句，体会它们的语法特征 1．The forum exchange below includes a post written by Amy, a teenage girl ________ had a problem with her best friend Jenny, and two replies. 答案：who 2．When I was an awkward primary school student, she was the popular girl ________ was willing to make friends with me. 答案：who 3．I got a call from a friend ________ I hadn't contacted for a long time. 答案：whom 4．I also had a friend ________ I trusted a lot. 答案：whom 5．A real friend is someone ________ support we can count on. 答案：whose 6．A real friend is someone ________ sees our true self, not just the face that we show to the world. 答案：who 7．Yet these days, the modern tools ________ keep us connected are eating away at the meaning of friendship. 答案：that 8．Social media like blogs has come between us and the friends ________ we love. 答案：whom 9．“Sharing” our experiences on social media is not enough to express the values ________ matter most to us. 答案：which 10．“Liking” our friends' photos online does not develop the connection ________ we share. 答案：which 语法讲座 一、限制性定语从句的基本概述 在复合句中修饰主句中某一名词或代词，紧跟先行词，同先行词之间不加逗号，不可省略的从句叫限制性定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词或名词短语称为先行项或先行词。引导定语从句的词称为关系词，关系词包含关系代词和关系副词两类。 二、定语从句中的关系代词 关系代词在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语、定语或表语等成分。另一方面它们又代表主句中被定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词(这样的名词和代词叫作先行词)。 1．关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that等。 (1)who 用于代替“表示人的意义”的先行词，并且在从句中作主语；在现代英语里，也可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语。 I have no idea about the man who wrote the article. 我不认识写这篇文章的那个人。 (2)whom 用于代替“表示人的意义”的先行词，并且在从句中作动词或介词的宾语。在现代英语里，如果whom在从句中作动词的宾语，它与who可以通用；但是如果whom在从句中作介词的宾语，那么就只能用whom，而不能与who通用了。如果在口语或非正式文体中，介词没有提前，也就没有这点要求。 Who is the girl whom you talked to just now? 刚才和你说话的那个女孩子是谁？ They are looking for the patient on whom doctors just performed an operation. 他们正在寻找那位医生刚刚给他做过手术的病人。 名师点津 句中的关系代词whom代替the patient，在从句中作介词on的宾语，而且介词on提到关系代词的前面，所以who 和whom就不可以通用了，此处只能用whom。 Who is the girl to who (whom) you talked just now？(错误) (3)whose 用于代替“表示人或物意义”的先行词，在从句中作定语，往往与它所修饰的名词一起构成一个名词短语在从句中担当成分。whose常表达“某人的、某物的”之意。 It's the house whose door is painted red. 这就是那所门涂成红色的房子。 Water whose boiling point is at 100 degree Centigrade has no color, no flavor. 沸点在100摄氏度的水无色、无味。 (4)which 用于代替“表示事物意义”的先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语和表语成分。 The plan which they argued about was settled at last. 他们争论的那个计划终于确定了。 I've got a novel which you may like to read. 我得到一本你或许想看的小说。 (5)that 既可用于代替“表示人的意义”的先行词，也可用于代替“表示事物意义”的先行词；在从句中既可以作主语成分，也可以作谓语动词的宾语成分，但是不能作介词的宾语。在一定范围内，that＝who/whom/which。 Views that (which) are entirely new or foreign may also be hard to accept. 那些全新的或是来自国外的观点或许也很难被接受。 (1)用适当的关系代词填空 ①Yesterday I met a student ________ sister knows you. ②Have you found the book ________ you lost last week? ③The man ________ you met at the airport is a famous actor. ④I have a good friend ________ name is Liu Mei. 答案：①whose　②which/that　③who/whom/that　④whose (2)用定语从句合并句子 ①She has a brother. I don't know his name. →She has a brother ________________________________． ②I'd like a room.Its window looks out over the sea. →I'd like a room ____________________________________． 答案：①whose name I don't know　②whose window looks out over the sea 2．定语从句中作宾语成分的关系代词可以省略。在正式场合，介词可以置于关系代词前，这种情况下关系代词不可省略，也不可以用that代替。但要注意的是，固定短语中的介词不能前置到关系代词前。 This is the book (which) you were looking for yesterday. 这就是你昨天找的那本书。 I don't like the novel (that) you are reading. 我不喜欢你看的这本小说。 Is this the magazine (which/that) you were talking about just now? ＝Is this the magazine about which you were talking just now? 这就是你刚才说的那本杂志吗？ You are the person (whom/that) we are looking for. 你是我们要找的人。 3．定语从句中，关系代词的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。 Those who are in their forties are required to have a physical examination this afternoon. 请那些年龄在四十几岁的人于今天下午体检。 This is the magazine which was sent to me by post. 这是通过邮局寄给我的杂志。 请用正确的关系代词填空并用括号标出可以省略的关系代词 ①I shall never forget the days ________ I spent with you. ②We don't know the number of people ________ lost their homes in the disaster. ③The school ________ he once studied in is very famous. ④Please pass me the dictionary ________ cover is blue. ⑤He often helps the students ________ he thinks are not quick at their studies. ⑥He is a reliable one to ________ you can turn for help. ⑦The place ________ interested me most was the Children's Palace. ⑧He still lives in the room ________ window faces the east. ⑨When he came back, John told us about the places ________ he visited. ⑩Is this the museum ________ you visited the other day? 答案：①(that/which)　②who/that　③(that/which)　④whose　⑤who　⑥whom　⑦that/which　⑧whose　⑨(that/which)　⑩(that/which) 三、关系代词的选择 1.如果先行词指代物，用关系代词that或which在从句中作主语、宾语或表语成分；如果作宾语，that或which可以省略。用whose在从句中作定语成分。 A plane is a machine that/which can fly. 飞机是能飞行的机器。 This is the model plane (that/which) we made last week. 这就是我们上周制作的飞机模型。 I like the book whose cover is blue. 我喜欢封面是蓝色的那本书。 The water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up. 水能载舟，亦能覆舟。 This is the house whose window broke last night. 这就是昨晚窗户被打破的那所房子。 2．如果先行词指代人，用关系代词who, whom, whose 或that。其中，who/that作主语，whom/who/that作宾语，whose作定语。如果先行词是those, anyone, people, he等时，用who不用that。 A friend is someone who makes me happy. 朋友是让我感到快乐的人。 This's the girl (whom/who/that) I teach. 这就是我教的那个女孩。 God helps those who help themselves. 天道酬勤。 He who by reviewing the old can gain knowledge of the new is fit to be a teacher. 温故而知新，可以为师矣。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 3．宜用that不宜用which的情况 (1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, few, much等不定代词时。 All is not gold that glitters. ＝All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的不一定都是黄金。 (2)先行词被all, each, few, much, every, no, some, any等不定代词修饰时。 All the books that you need are here. 你所需要的书都在这里。 (3)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 It is the first step that costs troublesome. 万事开头难。 This is the best way that has been used against pollution. 这是应对污染的最好方式。 (4)先行词既有人又有物时。 He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited. 他谈到了他曾拜访过的老师和学校。 (5)主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时。 Who is the man that is speaking over there? 在那里说话的人是谁？ (6)先行词被the only, the very, the last等修饰时。 The only thing that we have to fear is fear itself. 我们唯一不得不害怕的就是害怕本身。 This is the very book that I am looking for. 这正是我一直在找的书。 (7)关系代词在从句中作表语成分时。 He is not the young man that he was thirty years ago. 他已经不是三十年前的那个年轻人了。 4．宜用which不宜用that的情况 (1)当先行词为that时。 What's that which he asked for? 他要的是什么？ (2)一个句子中含有两个定语从句且先行词均为物时，其中一个关系代词是that，那么另一个关系代词宜用which。 Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly opened. 我给你看看这本我从新开放的图书馆借来的小说。 5．宜用who的情况 (1)先行词是指人的不定代词时，如one, anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody等，或先行词为指人的those时。 The student you should learn from is the one who works hard and studies well. 你应该向那个努力学习而且学习好的学生学习。 (2)一个句子中含有两个定语从句，且先行词都为人时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个一般应用who。 The boy that you met last night is the group leader who studies very hard. 昨晚你遇到的那个男孩是小组组长，(他)学习非常努力。 6．“whose＋n.”引导的定语从句 whose可以指代人和物。“whose＋n.”引导定语从句修饰物时，可换成“the＋n.＋of which”或“of which ＋the ＋ n．”。修饰人时，whose相当于“of whom ＋the ＋n.”。 A person whose e­mail account (＝of whom the e­mail account) is full won't be able to send or receive any e­mails. 一个人的邮箱如果满了，就无法再接收邮件了。 That man is the richest whose pleasure (＝the pleasure of whom/of whom the pleasure) is the cheapest. 能处处寻求快乐的人才是最富有的人。 We study in a big classroom whose windows (＝the windows of which/of which the windows) face south. 我们在一个窗户朝南的大教室学习。 7．当先行词是way并且定语从句表示“以……方式”时，定语从句常用that 或者in which 引导，that 或者in which 通常省略。 I like the way (that/in which) she smiles. 我喜欢她笑的方式。 用适当的关系代词填空 ①All the apples ________ fell down were eaten by the pigs. ②I know a boy student ________ father works here. ③This is the biggest laboratory ________ we have ever built in our school. ④They are talking about the people and the things ________ they saw on their way home. ⑤This is the very thing ________ I can tell you. ⑥Is this all ________ you want to say? ⑦Which is the clock ________ is made in China? ⑧Those ________ learn not only from books but also through practice will succeed. ⑨I don't like the way ________ he speaks to his mother. ⑩Who was the woman ________ you were talking with? 答案：①that　②whose　③(that)　④that　⑤that　⑥that　⑦that　⑧who　⑨(that/in which)　⑩(that) Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示和首字母提示完成句子 1．But if you read this ________ (博客), it means you want more from your life. 答案：blog 2．The stories are all variations on the ________ (主题) of unhappy marriage. 答案：theme 3．The crew spent two days and nights in their ________ (筏)． 答案：raft 4．These fish are found in s________ waters around the coast. 答案：shallow 5．Don't c________ on going abroad this summer; we may not have enough money. 答案：count Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．Anglo­Saxons changed the way ________ people built the houses. 答案：(that/in which) 2．Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their strengths. 答案：who 3．The hours ________ the children spend in their one­way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real­life people. 答案：which/that 4．The modern giraffe is the only species ________ went through both stages, which is why it has such a long neck. 答案：that 5．The department ________ I visited last year was not the one where I once worked. 答案：(that/which) Ⅲ.单句表达(用定语从句完成句子) 1．不管经历多少艰辛，我都会一直爱着詹姆斯。 I will go on loving James __________________________． 答案：through thick and thin 2．她亲自前往纽约领奖。 She went to New York to receive the award __________________． 答案：in person 3．这是这一年来我找到的最好的一本书。 This is the best book ______________________ all this year. 答案：that I have found 4．最终她决定卖掉那所窗子几乎都破掉的房子。 In the end, she decided to sell the house __________________ were almost all broken. 答案：whose windows 5．这个女孩把她在街上捡到的一切都交给了警察。 The girl handed everything ____________________________ in the street to the police. 答案：that she had picked up 课后课时作业 Ⅰ　完形填空 Last December, I was in Canada on business with my coworkers. One of them, Frank, was much older. He was physically __1__， having just recovered from an illness. He didn't want Asian __2__， so he stayed in the hotel while the rest of us dined out. However, I thought this might have impacted his sense of __3__． One night, I told Frank I'd like to take him out wherever he wanted to eat. __4__ I had vegetarian food preferences and he did not, he did not want to __5__ me by going to places where I would have very few __6__. I assured him that it was no big issue and he __7__ eventually. I then drove him to a restaurant he would prefer. With other coworkers going out separately, I was able to __8__ Frank alone and practice deep __9__ with him pouring out his heart till late at night. My willingness to lend an ear brought us two closer. After we ended our meal, I decided to __10__ him right to the door of the hotel and not the parking lot, because it was __11__ outside, which would make him easily catch a cold. This felt good, and over the next few outings, it felt more __12__ to tell my coworkers to wait inside the restaurant while I __13__ the car for them to avoid the low temperature in it. Though __14__， such acts have magic power, spreading joy to each of us and filling us with a strong sense of community. I'm happy to find my coworkers are getting more and more thoughtful and __15__ more about each other. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者出差时为了照顾同住旅馆的同事而做的一些暖心的事情。 1．A.strong B．tense C．weak D．addicted 答案：C　根据下文“having just recovered from an illness”可知，Frank(弗兰克)刚从一场病中康复的，身体很虚弱(weak)。故选C。 2．A.food B．culture C．climate D．map 答案：A　根据下文“so he stayed in the hotel while the rest of us dined out(所以他待在旅馆里，而我们其他人出去吃饭)”可知，Frank没有出去吃饭，因为他不喜欢亚洲食物(food)。故选A。 3．A.direction B．community C．responsibility D．achievement 答案：B　根据上文“He didn't want Asian __2__， so he stayed in the hotel while the rest of us dined out.”可知，只有Frank留在了旅馆。由此推断作者认为可能会影响团队(community)意识。且文章最后一段中的“a strong sense of community”也是提示。故选B。 4．A.Once B．Though C．Before D．As 答案：D　设空处用as引导原因状语从句，表示因为作者喜欢素食。故选D。 5．A.trouble B．persuade C．confuse D．remind 答案：A　根据上文“__4__ I had vegetarian food preferences and he did not”可知，Frank不想去那些作者没有多少选择余地的地方来麻烦(trouble)作者。故选A。 6．A.customers B．options C．comments D．surprises 答案：B　根据上文可知，两个人的饮食习惯的不同，两个人去Frank喜欢的餐厅，作者可选择的菜品就少了。option “可选择的事物”。故选B。 7．A.left B．admitted C．apologized D．agreed 答案：D　根据下文“I then drove him to a restaurant he would prefer.(然后我开车送他去了一家他可能会喜欢的餐厅。)”可知，Frank最终同意(agree)去适合他的口味的餐厅。故选D。 8．A.catch hold of B．make fun of C．get along with D．make up with 答案：C　根据上文“With other coworkers going out separately”可知，作者和其他同事分开出去，因此作者可以和Frank单独相处。catch hold of “抓住；拥有”；make fun of “取笑”；get along with “与……相处”；make up with “与……和解”。故选C。 9．A.listening B．speaking C．arguing D．breathing 答案：A　根据下文“My willingness to lend an ear brought us two closer. (我愿意倾听让我们俩走得更近了。)”可知，作者一直在倾听Frank的讲话。故选A。 10．A.lead B．follow C．drop D．invite 答案：C　作者把Frank送(drop)到了酒店的门口。故选C。 11．A.cloudy B．dark C．freezing D．dangerous 答案：C　根据下文“which would make him easily catch a cold (这很容易让他患感冒)”可推知，外面很冷(freezing)。故选C。 12．A.interesting B．natural C．familiar D．exciting 答案：B　根据上文“This felt good, and over the next few outings”可知，这种感觉很好，这让作者在接下来的几次外出时，很自然地告诉同事在旅店里面等待作者为他们暖车。natural “自然的”。故选B。 13．A.parked B．warmed C．cleaned D．examined 答案：B　根据下文“to avoid the low temperature in it”可知，天气很冷，为了避免温度太低，作者给同事暖(warm)车。故选B。 14．A.challenging B．embarrassing C．unnecessary D．simple 答案：D　这里指的是作者为同事们做的简单的(simple)小事情。故选D。 15．A.care B．worry C．ask D．talk 答案：A　根据上文“getting more and more thoughtful”可知，设空处所填的词应与and前的thoughtful (体贴的)意思相近。说明同事之间更体贴，更关心(care)彼此。故选A。 Ⅱ　阅读 So many things can keep you from seeing your loved ones in personP, from busy schedulesW1 to long distances to a rather unexpected COVID­19 virus. Fortunately, thanks to modern technology, the people we miss are often only a phone call or text message away. But if you're someone who prefers to type out messages, you may want to reconsider. A new study, publishedW2 in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that communication that included voice, like a phone call or video chat, created stronger social relationships than communication through typing, like text messaging or email. In the study, researchers used various experiments to measureW3 relationships. In one, they asked 200 people what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then asked them to do one or the other. Although people anticipated that a phone call would be more awkward, hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better. “People reported they did form a stronger relationship with their old friend on the phone compared with email, and they did not feel more awkward，” said Amit Kumar, an assistant professor of marketing at the McCombs School of Business. In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connected by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio. They found that both forms of voice communication—whether video or audio only—made the strangers feel significantly more connected than when they communicated by text. Sabrina Romanoff, a Harvard psychologist, says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience, as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can “communicate information exactly in the way they want without unexpected additions by the other person”． Romanoff says that in reality, texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation. “A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message，” she explains. “Each party is more present, and therefore, able to understand the meaning behind the content without thinking about the endless possible meanings behind words.” 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。科学研究告诉我们，如果你想和交谈的人拉近感情，你应该给他们打电话，而不是发短信。 1．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Texting does harm to social relationships. B．Voice communication brings people closer. C．A phone call does more good than a text message. D．People prefer a text message rather than a phone call. 答案：B　主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句“A new study, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that ... like text messaging or email.(发表在《实验心理学杂志》上的一项新研究发现，与发短信或电子邮件等打字交流相比，电话或视频聊天的语音交流能创造更强的社会关系。)”及下文对相关研究实验的介绍可知，文章主要告诉我们语音交流让人们更加亲密。故选B。 2．How did the researchers carry out the study? A．By comparing. B．By reasoning. C．By imagining. D．By discussing. 答案：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“People reported they did form a stronger relationship with their old friend on the phone compared with email, and they did not feel more awkward”可知，此处将打电话和发电子邮件进行对比。再根据第四段第一句“In another experiment, the researchers had strangers connected by either texting, talking over video chat, or talking using only audio.(在另一项实验中，研究人员让陌生人通过发短信、视频聊天或只使用音频聊天的方式联系在一起。)”可知，此处把发短信、视频聊天和音频聊天三者进行对比。由此可推知，研究人员是通过对比的方式开展研究的。故选A。 3．What does the underlined word “anticipated” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Ensured. B．Refused. C．Expected. D．Disagreed. 答案：C　词义猜测题。根据下文“hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better(事实上，听到某人的声音让通话的体验更好)”可知，人们预料打电话会更尴尬。画线词anticipated的意思是“预料”，故选C。 4．People prefer to text rather than call because they think ________． A．texting makes them feel more connected B．they feel awkward when making a phone call C．texting helps communicate their information exactly D．calling helps determine the true meaning behind the conversation 答案：C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，人们倾向于发短信或电子邮件而不是打电话，因为他们认为这是一种可控的交流形式，他们可以“按照自己想要的方式交流信息，而不会受到对方的意外补充”。故选C。 W重点单词 1．schedule n. 日程安排 2.publish v. 出版 3．measure v. 衡量 P重点短语 in person 亲自，当面 Ⅲ　七选五 Summer is a time to look forward to because there is no school to get you down. __1__ You just need to stay active, occupied, and have an open mind. ●Read if you feel bored. Subscribe to a magazine or comic if you don't like books. Choose whatever age－appropriate book that interests you and start reading. __2__ In your backyard or on your balcony, on your bed, or out by the lake. Reading doesn't have to be boring. ●Get caught up on schoolwork. Not all of us are straight “A” students. Take this time to go to the library and review material for the next year in advance. __3__ No need to rush or stress out. It's just important not to forget anything you learned in the past year over the summer. ●Travel. If you usually go on vacation in the summer, start packing now! Can't afford to travel far? No problem! __4__ Go on a road trip with your friends and family. Find out what's on the other side of that lake. Be creative! ●__5__ If summers are hot where you live, you can go to the beach with your family or friends. Also, some water parks have great discounts at times during the summer. But be careful, if there's a heat wave outside, you'd better stay out of the sun, or even go indoors. A．Beat the heat. B．You can read anywhere. C．Spend a lot of time outside. D．Do some exploring in your own city. E．Since it's summer, you can do this at your own pace. F．To have a good summer, you don't have to do anything expensive. G．If you have an idea, no matter how ridiculous and crazy it may be, go to do it. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何度过一个充实而愉快的暑假。 1．F　根据设空后的“You just need to stay active, occupied, and have an open mind.”可知，这里就怎样度过暑假提建议，F项的“don't have to”与后一句中的“just need to”相对应，且设空后是对F项的具体解释。故选F。 2．B　根据本段的小标题“Read if you feel bored.”可知，本段讲阅读方面的事情，而选项中只有B项与该话题有关。故选B。 3．E　根据设空后的“No need to rush or stress out.”可知，设空处应该讲的是按照自己的节奏去做。E项符合文意，故选E。 4．D　根据本段小标题“Travel.”和设空后的“Go on a road trip with your friends and family. Find out what's on the other side of that lake.”可知，设空处应该讲的是在本地走一走。D项符合文意，故选D。 5．A　设空处是该段的小标题，根据本段内容可知，作者建议去海滩、水上公园，因此本段讲的是怎么避暑。故选A。 Ⅳ　语法填空 Adam is a handsome boy __1__ is a freshman in senior high school. __2__ (go) from junior school to senior high school is a really big challenge to him. The first week was a little __3__ (confuse). First, he had to think very carefully about which courses he wanted to take. With the help of the school adviser, he __4__ (choose) the suitable ones. He hopes to be fluent __5__ Chinese when he graduates. What's more, he had to choose extra－curricular __6__ (activity). He failed to join the school football team. __7__ (obvious), he was unhappy __8__ he won't give up. Instead, he joined a volunteer club and helped to hand out food to homeless people. Finally, he will have to study harder although it will be quite difficult __9__ (get) used to all homework. He will be well __10__ (prepare) for university or whatever else comes in the future. 1．__________　2.__________　3.__________　4.__________ 5．__________　6.__________　7.__________　8.__________ 9．__________　10.__________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了Adam(亚当)开学第一周的情况。虽然适应高中生活有困难，但他仍会努力学习，为将来上大学或做其他事情做好准备。 1．who　考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词boy，且在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who。故填who。 2．Going　考查非谓语动词。本句缺少主语，应用动名词短语作主语；且设空处位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Going。 3．confusing　考查词性转换。系动词was后应用形容词作表语，且主语为week，应用修饰物的形容词，confusing “混乱的”。故填confusing。 4．chose　考查动词的时态。本文讲述的是Adam上学第一周的事情，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时。故填chose。 5．in　考查介词。be fluent in “说得一口流利的……”，为固定搭配。故填in。 6．activities　考查名词。activity为可数名词，设空前没有冠词，应用复数。故填activities。 7．Obviously　考查词性转换。修饰整个句子应用副词作状语，且设空处位于句首，单词首字母要大写。故填Obviously。 8．but　考查连词。句意：显然，他很不高兴，但是他不会放弃。此处为转折关系。故填but。 9．to get　考查非谓语动词。It be＋adj.＋to do sth “做某事是……的”，为固定句型，it在句中作形式主语，不定式为真正主语。故填to get。 10．prepared　考查词性转换。be well prepared for “为……做好准备”，为固定搭配。故填prepared。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$