Unit 3 Section Ⅱ Using language-【金版教程】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第二册创新导学案word（外研版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Using language 一、阅读单词：写出汉语含义 1．chart v. 记录，跟踪(变化或进展) 2．display n. 显示器 3．skip v. 跳绳 4．plank n. 平板支撑 5．bar n. 横木 6．upper adj. (位置)较上的，较高的，上面的 7．bone n. 骨头，骨 二、高频单词：写出英文单词 1．adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的 2．available adj. 可用的，可获得的 3．balance n. 平衡 4．involve v. 包含，需要 三、拓展单词：写出英文单词，并尝试写出其词性转换(可查字典) 1．ideal adj. 理想的，最好的→idealistic adj. 理想主义的；空想的→ideally adv. 理想地；观念上地 2．setting n. (机器、仪器等调控装置的)设定位置，调节点→set v. 设置；使开始；安装；确定 3．response n. 回答，答复→respond vi. 回答；应答；作出反应 四、熟词生义：写出熟义 1．monitor 熟义：n. 班长 生义：v. 监视，监测　n. 监听器；监视器；监测器 2．master 熟义：n. 大师，能手 生义：vt. 精通；掌握 写出下列黑体部分的语法作用 1．His ambition to become the world swimming champion was understandable.定语 2．Do you have anything to be taken there？定语 3．She turned up the driveway, only to find her way blocked.结果状语 4．Can you find a proper person to finish this job in time？定语 5．In the end he made up his mind to go by train.定语 6．The Arab woke up to find that his camel had put his head inside the tent.结果状语 7．I'm old enough to make my own decision.结果状语 8．Do you have anything to do tonight？定语 9．He is too busy to visit you.结果状语 10．The poor often have no room to live in.定语 ——Language Points—— 探究一　热词 1.adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的(教材P39) •adjust v. 调整；调节；适应 •adjustment n. 调整；调节 ☞adjust to （doing） sth 适应（做）某事 ☞adjust oneself to ... 使某人自己适应…… ☞adjust ... to ... 调整……以适应…… ☞make adjustments to ... 对……进行调整 【语境感知】 ①She found it hard to adjust to working at night. 她发现很难适应夜班。 ②As a teacher, you have to adjust your teaching methods to the needs of your students. 作为一名教师，你必须调整你的教学方法以适应学生的需求。 ③He will have to make major adjustments to his thinking if he is to survive in the office. 如果他想在办公室里生存下去，他就必须对自己的思想做出重大调整。 【学会运用】单句语法填空 ①When I entered university, it took me some time to adjust to living (live) far away from home. ②Most middle schools prefer to buy adjustable (adjust) desks, so they can change to suit students' growing height. ③My family were moving to the countryside and I had to make some adjustments (adjust) and learn to lead a different life there. 【学会表达】完成句子 ④宇航员必须使自己适应失重状态。 Astronauts__have__to__adjust__themselves__to the weightless conditions. 2.available adj. 可用的，可获得的；有空的(教材P39) ☞be available for ... 可用于…… ☞be available (for sb) to do sth (对某人来说)可以做某事 ☞be available to/for sb 对某人来说是可利用的/可获得的 【语境感知】 ①We should follow the principle that free education should be available for all children. 我们应该遵循对所有儿童实行免费教育的原则。 ②The art should be available to more people at prices they can afford. 艺术品应该以人们能够承受的价格面向更多的人出售。 【学会运用】单句语法填空 ①It's said that our new library won't be available to/for us until next year. ②That room is occupied so it's not available for the conference. ③Lockers are available to__store (store) any belongings during your visit. 【学会表达】完成句子 ④我不知道她今天下午是否有空。 I have no idea whether__she__will__be__available this afternoon. 3.balance n. [U, sing.]平衡；[C]天平 v. 权衡，使平衡(教材P40) •balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 ☞keep/lose one's balance 保持/失去平衡 ☞out of balance 失去平衡 ☞keep a balance between A and B在A和B之间保持平衡 ☞balance A against B 权衡A和B ☞a balanced diet　均衡饮食 【语境感知】 ①When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance and had a bad fall. ＝When he was running after his brother, the boy was out of balance and had a bad fall. 男孩追他哥哥时失去了平衡，重重地摔了一跤。(动作描写) ②I think it's important to keep a balance between study and a social life, so I'm going to join a few clubs. 我认为保持学习和社交的平衡很重要，所以我打算参加几个俱乐部。(学校生活) ③It is pretty important for teenagers to have a balanced diet. 对青少年来说，饮食均衡是非常重要的。(健康生活) 【学会运用】单句语法填空 ①The cost of traveling needs to be balanced against our income. ②To live a long and healthy life, we must have a balanced (balance) diet. 【学会表达】完成句子 ③如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活，你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。(建议信) If you want to have a happy school life，you'd better keep__a__balance__between_ _study__and__relaxation． ④为了你的健康，你最好保持均衡的饮食。(建议信) You'd__better__keep__a__balanced__diet for the benefit of your health. 4.involve v. 包含，需要；涉及；牵涉，把……卷入(教材P40) •involved adj. 复杂的；与……有关的 ☞involve sb in （doing） sth 使某人参与（做）某事；使某人牵扯到（做）某事中 ☞involve doing sth 包括做某事；需要做某事 ☞be/get involved in 被卷入；热衷于；专心于 ☞be/get involved with ... 涉及……；与……有关 【语境感知】 ①We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations. 我们希望参加庆典的人越多越好。(通知) ②He found a job as a high school teacher which involves spending quite a lot of time with students. 他找到了一份中学老师的工作，这份工作需要和学生长时间待在一起。 ③All the teachers and students got actively involved in the cross－country running race. ＝All the teachers and students involved themselves actively in the cross­country running race. 所有师生都积极参加了这次越野赛跑。(学校生活) involved作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。 【学会运用】单句语法填空 ①We are proud that some students in our school are involved in making the amazing video. ②It is said that he was involved with a series of criminal activities. 【学会表达】一句多译 ③我在全神贯注地看书，所以没有听到你敲门。 I__was_involved_in__my__book/involved__myself__in__my__book so I didn't hear your knock. ＝Involved__in__my__book/Involving__myself__in__my__book,__I didn't hear your knock.(分词作状语) 5.response n. 回答，答复→respond vi. 回答；应答；作出反应 【语境感知】 None of the students responded to her question; in other words, her question failed to get a response from any of the students. 没有一个学生回答她的问题；换句话说，她的问题没有得到任何一个学生的回应。 【学会运用】单句语法填空 ①I knocked on the door but there was no response (respond)． 【学会表达】一句多译 ②收到一条信息并不意味着你需要回应它。 Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to respond__to__it． ＝Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to make__a__response__to__it. 6.monitor [熟义]n. 班长 [生义]v. 监视，监测　n. 监听器；监视器；监测器 【语境感知】 ①The work in the charge of our monitor has been finished. 我们班长负责的工作已经完成了。 ②The tower is used for fire prevention and pest monitoring. 该塔用于防火和害虫监测。 【学会理解】同义词替换 ①Each student's progress is closely tracked.monitored__监测 【学会表达】完成句子 ②手术后，她的病情有所好转，医生日夜监测她的病情进展。 She got better after the operation and doctors__monitored__her__progress_every_day_and_night. 7.master [熟义]n. 大师，能手 [生义]vt. 精通；掌握 【语境感知】 ①He was constantly in dialogue with masters of the past, looking for new breakthroughs. 他经常与过去的大师们对话，寻找新的突破。 ②Students are expected to master a second language. 学生们应该掌握一门第二语言。 【学会理解】同义词替换 ①With the world becoming a global village, I find it necessary to grasp English.master__掌握 【学会表达】完成句子 ②他们必须是各自运动项目中的高手，并且也能为别人树立好榜样。 They must be athletes who__are__masters_in_their__sports and also set good examples for others. 探究二　长难句分析 8.Whether you're a professional athlete or keen sportsperson, DX Sports Watch is the ideal choice for you.(教材P39) 无论你是职业运动员还是热衷运动的人，DX运动手表都是你理想的选择。 【分析】　句中“Whether ... or ... ”引导让步状语从句，意为“不管……还是……”。 ☞whether ... or ... 还可以引导名词性从句，意为“是……还是……” ☞whether还可以用于“whether ... or not/whether or not ... ”结构，意为“是否……；不管……与否” 【语境感知】 ①It doesn't matter whether you turn left or right at the crossing—both roads lead to the park. 在十字路口你向左走还是向右走都没关系——两条路都通向公园。 ②It's true whether you believe it or not. 无论你相信与否，那都是真的。 【学会运用】单句语法填空 ①It doesn't matter whether you pay by cash or credit card in this store. ②It remains to be seen whether or not this idea can be put into practice. 【学会表达】完成句子 ③我不在乎他是否会来。(名词性从句) I don't care whether__he__will__come__or__not． ④不管我们成功与否，我们可以肯定我们尽力了。(让步状语从句) Whether__or__not__we're__successful,__we can be sure that we did our best. ——Grammar—— 探究三　动词不定式作定语和结果状语 动词不定式作定语和结果状语：作定语时，一般作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词；作结 果状语时常与 only 连用，表示出乎意料的结果。 语法点1　动词不定式作定语 (1)只能位于所修饰词的后面，可扩展为一个定语从句 ①A good friend gives us strength, love, laughter and the courage to keep trying. ＝A good friend gives us strength, love, laughter and the courage that makes us keep trying. 好朋友给我们力量、爱、欢笑和继续努力的勇气。 ②I need a pen to write with. ＝I need a pen that I can write with. 我需要一支写字的钢笔。 如果不定式的动词与被修饰词之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，并且该动词是不及物动词，则需要加上适当的介词使动宾关系成立。 When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place to live in. 当你搬到一个新的地方时，首先要找一个住处。 (2)用法 表示将来还未发生的动作。 ①All the teachers to attend the opening ceremony tomorrow should wear the uniforms. 明天要出席开幕式的所有老师都应该穿制服。 ②The Winter Olympics to be held will surely bring in many international tourists. 将要举行的冬奥会肯定会吸引许多国际游客。 序数词、形容词最高级或the last, the only, the next等后常用动词不定式作定语。 ①He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave. 他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。 ②It is recognized that he is the best man to do the job. 他被公认是做这个工作的最佳人选。 ③You are the only person to be late for such an important meeting. 在这么重要的会议上，你是唯一迟到的人。 ④The next train to arrive was from New York. 下一趟抵达的火车是从纽约开来的。 抽象名词ability, chance, opportunity, belief, way, right, courage, decision, hope, wish, dream等后常用动词不定式作定语。 ①The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 ②The programme affords young people the chance to gain work experience. 这项计划给年轻人提供了获得工作经验的机会。 ③Thanks to your encouragement, I finally got the courage to face the challenge. 多亏了你的鼓励，我最终有了面对挑战的勇气。 趁热打铁1 单句语法填空 ①Volunteering gives you a chance to__change (change) lives. ②In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs to__do (do)． ③By boat is the only way to__get (get) here, which is how we arrived. ④We are invited to a party to__be__held (hold) in our club next Friday. 语法点2　动词不定式作结果状语 (1)用法 动词不定式作结果状语时，最常见的结构之一是在动词不定式前面加上only，构成“only to do”结构，用以引出意想不到的或不愉快的结果，表示说话人并不希望它发生。 ①You've raced to the supermarket only to realize you've left the shopping list home. 你冲到超市，却发现你把购物清单落在家里了。 ②The traveler looked up suddenly to find a leopard in the tree. 那个旅行者猛然抬头一看，发现树上有一只豹子。 only to do sth与only doing sth都可作结果状语，但前者表示一个与主语愿望相反或出乎主语意料的结果，或用来暗示最初未能实现的动作；后者表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。 I hurried to the supermarket, only to find it had been closed. 我匆忙赶到超市，不料它已经关门了。 His parents died, only leaving him an orphan. 他的父母去世了，只留下他成了孤儿。 动词不定式作结果状语时，常用于一些特定的句型结构中： ①He was too young to have seen the bloody war. 他年龄小，没有看见那场血腥的战争。 ②She is so proud as to look down upon others. 她如此骄傲以至于看不起别人。 ③He is old enough to go to school. 他到上学的年龄了。 ④He left his hometown when he was ten, never to return. 他十岁的时候离开家乡，再也没有回来。 (2)特殊情况 在某些情况下，动词不定式可以直接在句中作结果状语。 ①He lived to be a hundred years old. 他活到了一百岁。 ②He did excellent work to be general manager of the famous company. 他工作非常出色，成了这家著名公司的总经理。 在某些表示对人进行表扬或批评的形容词后常接不定式表示结果。此类形容词有right, polite, crazy, generous, good, kind, nice等。 ①He was generous to lend us a large amount of money. 他为人慷慨，借给了我们一大笔钱。 ②She was very polite to show us the way. 她非常有礼貌，给我们指了路。 趁热打铁2 翻译句子 ①这个男孩太小还不能上学。 The__boy__is__too__young__to__go__to__school. ②请你帮我一下好吗？ Would__you__be__so__kind__as__to__do__me__a__favor? ③这个男孩已经长大了，可以照顾自己了。 The__boy__is__old__enough__to__take__care__of__himself. ④我急急忙忙赶到他家，结果却发现他不在家。 I__hurried__to__his__house,__only__to__find__him__out. ——Vocabulary—— 一、构词法 Affix (prefix/suffix) 含义 例词 dis­ 分开，分离；不，无 display,__disappear, disagree, dislike, distract con­ 共同；表示强调 content,__conflict, confess, congress, conduct ­th 表示状态；程度 death,__length, strength, width, health ­able ……的 adjustable,__available, remarkable, reliable, sustainable 二、体育运动常用词块 1．arrive at the stadium 到达体育场 2．sport__bag 运动包 3．offer all­round fitness提供全方位的健身 4．improve in leaps and bounds突飞猛进的进步 5．enter into the competition参加比赛 6．excel at/in sports 擅长运动 7．training progress 训练进度 8．an important factor in keeping__active 保持活跃的一个重要因素 9．a__good__form__of exercise 一种很好的锻炼形式 10．in__order__to__keep__fit 为了保持健康 ——Listening and Speaking—— 一、听力微技能——体育健康类的听力技巧 　此类话题常见的设题点： (1)what(谈话者在谈论什么体育项目，谈话者要参加什么体育项目，某人做什么活动锻炼身体) (2)when(某人什么时候做锻炼，比赛什么时候开始/结束，比赛持续多长时间) (3)where(比赛在哪儿举行) Q：Who won the race? A．Michael Robinson. B．Kyle Nash. C．Chris Scott. 录音： M：Who won the 1，000 meter race? Michael Robinson or Chris Scott? W：Neither of them. Although we thought one of them would win the race, they didn't perform well that day. And you will never believe that Kyle Nash was the first one. 提问关于谁在跑步比赛中获胜，根据关键信息“Michael Robinson or Chris Scott？”，“Neither of them.”及“Kyle Nash was the first one”可知，答案应为B。 二、话题口语表达(开放型) 用以下两个问题，和你的小伙伴互相提问，谈谈相关的体育运动。 1．What is the most popular sport in your country? 2．Do you know how to practise Kungfu? Ⅰ.匹配词义 a.匹配下列单词的词义 (C)1.bar　　　　　　 A．n. 骨头，骨 (E)2.plank　　　　 B．n. 调节点 (D)3.display　　　　 C．n. 横木 (B)4.setting　　　　 D．n. 显示器 (A)5.bone　　　　　 E．n. 平板支撑 b.匹配下列短语的词义 (E)6.keep track of A．数以万计的 (C)7.be good for B．参与 (A)8.tens of thousands of C．对……有好处 (D)9.keep a balance between A and B D．在A和B之间保持平衡 (B)10.be involved in E．了解……的情况 Ⅱ.默写单词 1．response n. 回答，答复 2．chart v. 记录，跟踪(变化或进展) 3．skip v. 跳绳 4．monitor v. 监视，监测 5．available adj. 可用的，可获得的 6．upper adj. (位置)较上的，较高的，上面的 7．ideal adj. 理想的，最好的 8．involve v. 包含，需要 9．adjustable adj. 可调整的，可调节的 10．master n. 大师，能手 Ⅲ.选词填空 balance, master, upper, monitor, available, ideal, involve, chart 1．There are plenty of jobs available in the western part of the country. 2．She couldn't keep herself in balance and fell down from the wall. 3．This great book is ideal for both the travelling supporter and the armchair fan. 4．The problem of the environmental protection involves us all. 5．In a real competition, a tai chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses the energy to fight back. 6．Floods in the upper reaches of the River Nile caused many people to leave their hometown. 7．The exhibition charts the history of the palace. 8．Scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to predict bad weather. Ⅳ.单句语法填空 1．Each desk has an adjustable (adjust) bar, which can help students keep their eyes at least 30 cm from books. 2．He wondered about her response (respond), and just to clarify, he asked her another question. 3．I was watching the clock all through the meeting, as I had a train to__catch (catch)． 4．There are various treatments available for this condition. 5．She was too upset to__spend (spend) much time at the real museum. 6．If a friendship is out of balance, you should talk the situation through. 7．She's old enough to__decide (decide) for herself. 8．Store managers are often the last to__hear (hear) complaints. Ⅴ.完成表达 1．He often reads newspaper to keep__track__of__current__events (了解当前事件的情况)． 2．He has since spoken to tens__of__thousands__of__students (数以万计的学生) around the world. 3．It's__probably__good__for__you (或许对你有好处) to get some criticism now and then. Ⅵ.完整表达 1．无论是步行去上学、做作业，还是周末出去玩，我们俩几乎形影不离。(whether ... or ...) Whether__we're__walking__to__school,__doing__homework__or__just__hanging__out__at__the__weekend,__we're__hardly__out__of__each__other's__sight. 2．请给我拿把椅子坐好吗？(动词不定式作定语) Will__you__please__bring__me__a__chair__to__sit__on? 3．他搜索了房间，没发现什么。(动词不定式作结果状语) He__searched__the__room,____only__to__find__nothing. 课后课时作业 较易题(占比30%)　中档题(占比40%)　拔高题(占比30%) 题号 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ 难度 ★★ ★ ★★★ Ⅰ　完形填空 Richard is a boy who is positive towards life. He is interested in doing sports and takes a(n) __1__ part in a lot of __2__ such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton. He is always against __3__ in sports and tries to avoid errors in matches. As a result, he is __4__ to be an excellent athlete and __5__ all kinds of sports. Doing gymnastics in the __6__ is his favorite. To build up __7__， he jogs in the stadium every day. In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed and __9__. Sweating during the jog gives him an enjoyable feeling. Besides, in order to have a slim shape, he keeps a(n) __10__ diet. Once he signed up for a marathon __11__ in his city. During the competition, he fell down on the track and his left leg was injured. The audience, as well as his captain, thought he would end in __12__. However, though under stress, he didn't __13__ but ran as hard as he could to __14__ for his team. The spiritual strength he showed made him unique. Finally, not only did he become the champion and win the medal as well as the honor for his team, but also he won the __15__ of the citizens. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Richard (理查德)虽然在一次马拉松比赛中受伤，但仍坚持完成比赛，不仅赢得了冠军，也赢得了人们对他的钦佩。 1．(　　)A.active B．confident C．anxious D．joyful 答案：A 解析：根据前文“He is interested in doing sports”可知，Richard对运动感兴趣，因此会积极参与到各种运动中。take an active part in ...意为“积极参加……”。故选A。 2．(　　)A.shows B．topics C．events D．lectures 答案：C 解析：根据后文“such as soccer, boxing, skiing and badminton”可知，他积极参加各种运动项目。故选C。 3．(　　)A.sweating B．cheating C．pretending D．packing 答案：B 解析：根据后文“tries to avoid errors in matches”可知，他反对在比赛中作弊并尽力避免错误。故选B。 4．(　　)A.thought B．impressed C．recommended D．allowed 答案：C 解析：根据前文“He is always ... errors in matches.”可推知，凭借他的优秀表现和体育精神，他被推荐为优秀运动员。故选C。 5．(　　)A.act B．master C．edit D．volunteer 答案：B 解析：根据前文“He is interested ... skiing and badminton.”可知，他积极参加各种运动项目，由此可推知，他精通多种运动。故选B。 6．(　　)A.company B．classroom C．office D．gym 答案：D 解析：根据前文“Doing gymnastics”并结合常识可知，做训练应该是在健身房。故选D。 7．(　　)A.determination B．stress C．strength D．friendship 答案：C 解析：根据后文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，慢跑是为了锻炼身体，增强自己的体力。故选C。 8．(　　)A.playing B．walking C．jogging D．hiking 答案：C 解析：根据前文“he jogs in the stadium every day”可知，他每天会慢跑，因此，该句是在讲述慢跑的好处。故选C。 9．(　　)A.strong B．weak C．unique D．attractive 答案：A 解析：根据前文“In his mind, __8__ makes him relaxed”并结合常识可知，慢跑让他放松，同时慢跑也会使人身体强壮。故选A。 10．(　　)A.traditional B．economical C．advanced D．balanced 答案：D 解析：根据前文“in order to have a slim shape”可知，保持体型需要饮食均衡。故选D。 11．(　　)A.solved B．attended C．moved D．hosted 答案：D 解析：根据前文“signed up for a marathon”可知，此处指他报名参加了在他的城市举办的马拉松比赛。故选D。 12．(　　)A.detail B．success C．failure D．experience 答案：C 解析：根据前文“During the competition ... was injured.”可知，他在比赛中受伤了，因此，大家认为他会失败。故选C。 13．(　　)A.give up B．clean up C．make up D．sign up 答案：A 解析：根据后文“not only did ... honor for his team”可知，他成了这次比赛的冠军并赢得了奖牌，由此可推知，他没有因受伤而放弃比赛。故选A。 14．(　　)A.apply B．arrange C．explore D．compete 答案：D 解析：根据后文“not only did ... honor for his team”可推知，虽然受伤了，但是他为了团队的荣誉继续努力比赛。故选D。 15．(　　)A.goal B．admiration C．comment D．wisdom 答案：B 解析：根据前文“The spiritual strength he showed made him unique.”可知，他的精神使他独一无二，也赢得了人们的钦佩。故选B。 Ⅱ　语法填空 Peru is a country on the Pacific coast of South America, __1__ includes three main areas: narrow, dry, flat land __2__ (run) along the coast, the Andes Mountains, and the Amazon rainforest. In the high plain area is Lake Titicaca, the highest lake in the world, on which boats can travel. Peru has abundant plants from desert grasses __3__ vast areas of jungle. Peru __4__ (rule) by Spain from the 16th century to 1821. So Spanish is __5__ (official) spoken in Peru. The ancient Inca capital, Cusco, is __6__ popular destination for the tourists as it is close to the famous Inca ruins of the city of Machu Picchu. 　There are two especially interesting things for us __7__ (admire) about the Inca civilization. The first is the roads and paths they built to connect __8__ (they) important cities. Second, the Inca built wonderful cities, __9__ there were no markets in these cities. One of the interesting __10__ (question) of history is how the Inca lived without shopping. 1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________ 5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________ 9．________　10.________ 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了南美洲太平洋沿岸的一个国家——秘鲁。 1．答案：which 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为a country，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。 2．答案：running 解析：考查非谓语动词。land和动词run之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填running。 3．答案：to 解析：考查介词。句意：秘鲁有丰富的植物，从沙漠草到大面积的丛林。from ... to ...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填to。 4．答案：was ruled 解析：考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语from the 16th century to 1821可知，应用一般过去时；主语为Peru，表示单数，和动词rule之间为被动关系，应用被动语态。故填was ruled。 5．答案：officially 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词spoken，应用副词。故填officially。 6．答案：a 解析：考查冠词。destination为可数名词，此处泛指“一个受欢迎的目的地”，应用不定冠词，且popular的发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 7．答案：to admire 解析：考查非谓语动词。设空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰interesting things，应用动词不定式。故填to admire。 8．答案：their 解析：考查代词。设空处修饰名词cities，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 9．答案：but/yet 解析：考查连词。句意：第二，印加人建造了奇妙的城市，但这些城市里没有市场。根据句意可知，设空前后为转折关系，应用but或yet连接。故填but/yet。 10．答案：questions 解析：考查名词。句意：历史上一个有趣的问题是印加人如何在不购物的情况下生活。one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数，意为“最……的……之一”。故填questions。 Ⅲ　读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Growing up in Colorado, I prefer being outdoors. During my spare time, I enjoy swimming, climbing mountains and water­skiing. Although skiing was the sport I had never learned, I wanted to have a try. So when I recently got an invitation to a skiing trip in Deer Valley, I jumped at the chance. I didn't think it would be that hard to learn. After all, I was fairly fit, and I used to waterski—that had to count for something, right? It turned out that there was not so much help. I told the coach I was “beginner level”， and I was grouped with some women who had skied only a couple of times before. At first, I learned how to put on my ski suit and control my speed and direction. With the help of the coach, I started to practice. Once we mastered the basic skills, my coach led us to the Green Run—the easy slope (斜坡) for ski beginners. When I reached the top, I started down an easy green run with others in our group. “OK, this isn't so bad! I'm doing it！” I thought at the start of the run. Then came a harder slope. I wanted to quit. However, my pride didn't let me stop. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 I began to ski down the hill. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 But the accident would never stop me. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 写前导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者喜爱户外活动，想尝试一下从未学过的滑雪运动。在教练的指导下掌握了滑雪的基本技巧后，作者随教练去了初级雪道，刚开始作者觉得很容易，在到达一个更难的坡道后，他会发生什么意外事故呢？事故发生后作者会怎样做呢？ [精彩范文] I began to ski down the hill. Firstly, I moved inch by inch, and gradually I picked up speed until I took off—I was enjoying the flying feeling when I accidentally hit a tree and ended with a nose diving into the snow. “Ouch！” I cried out in pain, feeling my legs hurt. The coach and the teammates immediately ran towards me. They checked me up and moved me out of the runs. But the accident would never stop me. After a while, I stood up. I gathered the strength to continue. Amazingly, I found joy and pride in the process of falling and getting back up on the skis over and over again. Skiing has become my favorite. I've come to realize that the essence of skiing lies in the discovery of a better self. Fear doesn't shape my future, but bravery does. 　精深阅读 Starting a daily running routine needs determination. Looking back on my old running routine, it wasn't so much the passion that affected my sticking to a regular schedule—but it was the environment. There had to be no rain pouring down, there had to be not many people on the basketball court and the ambient (周围的) temperature had to be just right. Or maybe I was just making an excuse for myself not to get up at 5 in the morning? I was quite successful at doing so when I was 15 and when it was summer. When I was overweight, I ate more snacks than the actual full meals in a day, and I hardly got off the sofa. One summer day, I decided that it was time to put a stop to the idea that I was just the fat kid. I didn't want to be put in that box anymore. There was a tipping point (临界点) where inspiration happened, and discipline just took over from there. I needed to make sure that I ran 10 laps of the park a day—this was the contract I made with myself that summer. And if I achieved that, I knew I'd be closer to my goal of being just a kid with normal weight. 　Ten laps, six days a week—sometimes no breakfast, hardly a bite at dinner, one snack a day—this lasted two months. I'd lost over 30 pounds that summer, which was roughly a quarter of my body weight. Some days, I didn't have the motivation. But the contract I made with myself kept reminding me—if I broke it, would I even bother making future self­contracts anymore? There were sleepy days, and there were days when I should have rested my trembling knees, but discipline won over them all. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己的跑步习惯和减肥过程，强调了自律在实现目标中的重要性。 1．What do we know about the author's past running routine? A．It was made by the author's parents. B．It mainly depended on the environment. C．It referred to many people at site. D．It failed in the end. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Looking back on ... was the environment.(回顾我以前的跑步习惯，影响我坚持按时跑步的不是激情，而是环境。)”可知，作者的跑步习惯主要取决于环境。故选B。 2．What can we infer from the fact that the author was overweight? A．The author didn't live a healthy lifestyle. B．Summer is a season for people to be fat. C．Good eating habits could make one put on weight. D．Getting up late made him a fat kid. 答案：A 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“When I was overweight ... got off the sofa.(我超重的时候，我一天吃的零食比正餐还多，而且我几乎没有离开过沙发。)”可推知，作者超重的原因是他没有健康的生活方式。故选A。 3．Why did the author keep the contract that made with himself? A．He felt looked down upon when he was fat. B．He couldn't find a right word to describe his size. C．He made up his mind to achieve his goal of losing weight. D．He was too fat to find the right size of clothes or shoes. 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I needed to ... with normal weight.(我需要确保每天在公园跑10圈——这是那年夏天我和自己签订的契约。如果我能实现这个目标，我知道我离成为一个体重正常的孩子的目标更近了。)”可推知，作者坚持这个契约是因为他下定决心要实现减肥的目标。故选C。 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．My Running Routine Was Affected by the Environment B．It Was Unpleasant to Be Overweight C．I Made a Contract on Running D．Discipline Helps Achieve My Goal 答案：D 解析：标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者通过自律坚持跑步减肥的故事，强调了自律在实现目标中的重要性。因此D项(自律帮助实现我的目标)最适合作为文章标题。故选D。 精深阅读——好词句小练 (一)热词 1．passion n. 热情 2．schedule n. 日程安排；工作计划 3．contract n. 契约；合同 4．motivation n. 动力 5．bother v. 花费时间精力；使麻烦 (二)高频短语 6．look__back__on 回顾 7．stick__to 坚持 8．pour down 倾盆而下，倾泻 9．make__an__excuse 找借口 10．take over 接替；接管 (三)根据语境填入恰当的内容 11．I don't know if Shally's coming. I didn't bother asking/to__ask (ask)． 12．The train was late; it should have__arrived (arrive) half an hour ago. 13．The volcano erupted and the lava poured down the mountain, burying several villages. (四)写出下列句子中黑体部分的汉语释义 14．As long as she learns the office routine, she will be an excellent assistant. 惯例；常规 15．I also like getting inspiration from travel blogs. 灵感 16．He'll never get anywhere working for himself—he's got no discipline.自制力 (五)用方框中单词的正确形式替换下列句子中的黑体部分 17．We barely had time to catch the train. hardly 18．It pains me to waste time with you, so I'll get right to the point.bother 19．There are many who will work hard to reach these goals.achieve (六)长难句分析 20．One summer day, I decided that it was time to put a stop to the idea that I was just the fat kid. 句意：一个夏日，我决定是时候停止我只是一个胖孩子的想法了。 分析：主干是I__decided__that__...；第一个that引导宾语从句，其中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to__put__a__stop__to__the__idea作真正的主语；第二个that引导同位语从句，解释名词idea的内容。 (七)根据所给汉语，完成下列句子 21．They will take__over__jobs (接管工作) such as preparing meals, washing dishes, and sweeping the floor. 22．Looking__back__on (回顾) my high school life, I think the most important thing is to arrange the busy schedule. (八)仿写句子 23．And if I achieved that, I knew I'd be closer to my goal of being just a kid with normal weight.(条件状语从句) 仿写：你若有困难就告诉我。 Let__me__know__if__you__have__any__problems. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$