精品解析：江苏省泰州市海陵区泰州中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

2024-2025学年春学期高二年级第一次质量检测试卷 英语学科 (满分150分 考试时间：120分钟) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man's main form of exercise now? A. Running. B. Cycling. C. Swimming. 2. How will the man probably communicate with the company next week? A By making a call. B. By writing a letter. C. By sending an email. 3. What happened to the man? A. He couldn't find the way to the toilet. B. His new phone got wet. C. He lost some money. 4. What are the speakers doing? A. Planning a journey. B. Waiting for a plane. C. Booking a hotel room. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Spring Festival plans. B. The man's new home. C. A shopping list for the holiday. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a classroom. B. In an office. C. In a cafe. 7. What will the man do next week? A. Graduate from university. B. Attend a job interview. C. Visit a factory. 听第7段材料，回答第8到10题。 8. How will the woman probably get home today? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car. 9. What is the weather like right now? A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 10. Who is in the woman's painting? A. Her brother. B. Her aunt. C. Herself. 听第8段材料，回答第11到13题。 11. How does the man sound at first? A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Sad. 12. Why doesn't the woman join the theater club? A. She has no time for practice. B. She is suffering from an illness. C. She feels too nervous to perform. 13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Try out for the school basketball team. B. Write a play for the theater club. C. Join the creative writing club. 听第9段材料，回答第14到17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Parent and child. C. Sister and brother. 15. What event are the speakers planning to celebrate? A. A wedding. B. Their graduation party. C. The woman's birthday. 16. What does the woman think of celebrating by going out to dinner? A. It costs too much money. B. It isn't special enough. C. It is too crowded. 17. What kind of book would the woman probably prefer? A. Historical books. B. Science fiction. C. Scary stories. 听第10段材料，回答第18到20题。 18. When did the speaker graduate from university? A. In 2012. B. In 2014. C. In 2016. 19 How did the speaker feel about her first job in the beginning? A. Dissatisfied. B. Excited. C. Proud. 20. What is the speaker writing about now? A. Serious news. B. Environmental issues. C. The latest clothes and music. 第二部分：阅读理解(共三节，满分42.5) 第一节(共12小题；每小题2.5分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy (共情),” said Dr Koji Inoue, the lead author of the research. “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter.” The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm (算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations. “Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,” said Inoue. “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend. “One of the things we’d keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter,” points out Prof. Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute. “But with their development, they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what’s going on.” 1. Why did Inoue’s team develop the AI system? A. To better understand human empathy. B. To promote the social skills of robots. C. To explore the differences between laughs. D. To assist robots in identifying people's moods. 2. What can robot Erica probably do at present? A. Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues B. Distinguish people by hearing their laughs C. Recreate a scene played by the four actresses D. Master the features of laughs provided by data. 3. What does the underlined word “obstructor” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Potential. B. Barrier. C. Alternative. D. Division. 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Are AI systems going beyond human ability? B. Can conversational AI really understand us? C. Laughing robots are round the conner. D. Robots become laughing masters. B Like so many other ABCs (American-born Chinese) and younger first and second-generation Chinese immigrants (移民), sisters Sarah and Kaitlin Leung reached a point in their adult lives when they started to long for the Chinese food they’d grown up on, but found it really difficult to learn how to prepare it. There was such a “representation gap”, as Sarah puts it, in terms of what kinds of cuisines were noticeably featured in those early days of TV celebrity chefs and the emerging food blogosphere (博客圈). As it turns out though, the Leungs were uniquely positioned to do something about it. Bill, the father, had spent years cooking beef at his family’s Chinese American takeout restaurant. Judy, the mom, was born and raised in Shanghai and had deep knowledge about traditional Shanghainese cooking. Meanwhile, the two sisters had grown up in the New Jersey suburbs, eating their parents’ food, but also growing in America’s own food-obsessed culture. So, in 2013, the Leungs started The Woks of Life. What distinguished their blog from others was that the intergenerational heritage (传承) of knowledge that the Leungs were so eager for was baked right into the concept—The four family members took turns posting recipes, each sharing their own favorites, tapping into their own areas of expert knowledge. Kaitlin is proud that The Woks of Life follows along line of pioneers-folks like Joyce Chen, Martin Yan and Ming Tsai, who first started to bring Chinese home cooking into the mainstream in the US. “We feel proud that we have made a meaningful mark over the past decade, casting light that there’s a huge demand for these recipes,” she says .“It’s about representation, yes, but there’s also a huge demand. Asian Americans look to reconnect with the food of their heritage.” Five years ago, you wouldn’t have been able to find a ton of Chinese recipes in the New York Times food section, Kaitlin notes. Now you can. 5. What do the underlined words “representation gap” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. The shortage of Chinese chefs. B. The lack of Chinese food recipes. C. The gap between young and old ABCs. D. The difference between chefs and bloggers. 6. What is the purpose of paragraph 2? A. To prove how unique the Leung sisters are. B. To show why the Leung sisters prefer Chinese food. C. To point out the Leungs’ advantage to start a food blog. D. To stress the Leung sisters’ love for home cooking food. 7. What makes The woks of Life special? A. The concept of baking food. B. The large number of followers. C. The bloggers, way of posting recipes. D. The intergenerational heritage of knowledge. 8. What is the significance of The woks of Life? A. It strengthens bonds between individuals. B. It marks the popularity of Chinese cuisine. C. It has developed many new Chinese recipes. D. It links Asian Americans with their food tradition. C Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition(认知)? What about our body? Is it possible for thought and behaviour to originate from somewhere other than our brain? Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition(EC)ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure. If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs – they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats, and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved. Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too. In another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer. For further proof, we can look at the metaphors(比喻)that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages. Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it? If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions. 9. According to the author, what is the significance of EC? A It brings us closer to the truth in human cognition. B. It offers a clearer picture of the shape of human brain. C. It reveals the major role of the mind in human cognition. D. It facilitates our understanding of the origin of psychology. 10. Where does the newborns’ understanding of their surroundings start from? A. Their personal looks. B. Their mental needs. C. Their inner emotions. D. Their physical feelings. 11. What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 4? A. Human speech is alive with metaphors. B. Human senses have effects on thinking. C. Human language is shaped by visual images. D. Human emotions are often compared to natural materials. 12. What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A. To deepen the readers’ understanding of EC. B. To encourage the reader to put EC into practice. C. To guide the reader onto the path to career success. D. To share with the reader ways to release their emotions. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Exploring Elements of Poetry: Structures, Stanzas (诗节) & Lines The Importance of Poetic Structures ____13____. They allow the poets to take the readers by the hand and guide them through the poem, showing them exactly what to focus on in a particular order. To help poets do this successfully, there are many tools at the poet’s disposal when building poem structures, such as lines, stanzas, rhyme schemes, and meters (格律). Each of these works together to provide a roadmap for the readers. ____14____ Poem Stanzas: Building Blocks of a Poem What is a stanza in a poem? The majority of poems are divided into stanzas or a group of lines with an identifiable structure that repeats throughout the poem. ____15____ Other times the structure is built around a rhyme scheme. Or the poem structure could even be determined by a specific number of lines per stanza. There are many different types of stanzas. ____16____ For example, a one-lined stanza is called “monostich” (mono= one). Likewise, a two-lined. stanza is called a “couplet” (couple= two). Shakespeare loved using the couplet at the end of his famous 14 line poems called sonnets. The most important thing to remember about poem stanzas is that whatever the structure is, it must be consistent throughout the poem. Line Structures: Crafting (构建) the Flow When writing a poem, it can be challenging to decide where to end a line and continue onto the next line of a stanza. ____17____ New poets can mistakenly think that each line has to be a complete sentence. It is perfectly normal to line break in the middle of a sentence, but it has to be done intentionally. Misplaced line breaks in a poem can make or break the “flow” or rhythm of a poem. A. This is called a line break. B. Poetic structures do a few things. C. Each is related to the French form of a number. D. Poetic structures are highly dependent on patterns. E. Sometimes the structure is based on a certain meter. F. They influence the tone and mood of the poem as well. G. A meter determines the structure of the lines within a stanza. 第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分37.5分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The title of “Aaron’s younger brother” was earned when I had won the second place in my first tennis tournament at the age of six. Whenever I ____18____ onto a tennis court, it was as though a gluey name label, which had been ____19____ stuck onto me. I wanted to ____20____ Aaron, my older brother, whose fame had reduced me to a ____21____ tennis player. Then came a big tennis match against Aaron. As I shook Aaron’s hand at the start of the match, I stared at him and focused on how this match was going to ____22____ everything. The tennis court seemed to stretch out further than usual, but I could still ____23____ the confident look on Aaron’s face. He knew that my honor ____24____ in comparison to his. Finally, we were down to the last set, neck and neck in points. That was when the setting sun cast his figure over me, ____25____ me that I would always be walking in his ____26____ if I did not prove myself. I prepared myself for the finishing blow, ____27____ of Aaron’s past matches flooding through my mind as I ____28____ the weakness of his smash (扣球) the ball would always fly towards the left of the court. I extended my arm to the left in anticipation of where the ball was going to land. The ball made ____29____ with my racket and was lobbed over Aaron’s head successfully. He could do nothing but ____30____ his undefeated status as champion being removed by his younger brother. While I was still enjoying the unfamiliar feeling of ____31____ minutes after the match was over, a man, whom I vaguely recognized from a ____32____ tennis club, approached me. “What is your name, son?” he asked. A smile spread across my face. 18. A. marched B. stepped C. jumped D. rushed 19. A. frequently B. originally C. permanently D. occasionally 20. A. recommend B. praise C. evaluate D. defeat 21. A. nameless B. hopeless C. worthless D. fearless 22. A. appreciate B. change C. explore D. settle 23. A. put down B. pull out C. take up D. make out 24. A. disappeared B. wrinkled C. paled D. doubled 25. A. reminding B. ordering C. instructing D. expecting 26. A. trust B. shelter C. credit D. shadow 27. A. scores B. images C. records D. highlights 28. A. hid B. admitted C. recalled D. overcame 29. A. contact B. progress C. movement D. adjustment 30. A. maintain B. improve C. confirm D. witness 31. A. harmony B. success C. competition D. relief 32. A. previous B. special C. famous D. tiny 第二节 单词拼写(共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分) 33. “If you confess (承认) the truth, I’ll give you extra game time as a b________,” the father said, hoping his son would admit breaking the vase. (根据首字母单词拼写) 34. After submitting her report, she received constructive f ________ from her supervisor, which helped her improve her writing skills. (根据首字母单词拼写) 35. After the pharmaceutical (医药) company was proven g________ of abusing clinical trial data, public anger erupted over its betrayal of patients' trust for corporate gain. (根据首字母单词拼写) 36. She is known for being a k________ historian, able to provide insightful comments on a wide range of topics. (根据首字母单词拼写) 37. O________ choosing the local restaurant, she insisted on going to the big city and find a new one. (根据首字母单词拼写) 38. Her p________ for classical music over pop music was evident in the choice of songs she played at the concert. (根据首字母单词拼写) 39. He felt a wave of e________ washing over him when he realized he had forgotten his lines in front of a large audience. (根据首字母单词拼写) 40. When facing peer pressure to cheat on the exam, Lily chose to r________ from the group, saying firmly, “I’d rather fail honestly than win by lying.” (根据首字母单词拼写) 41. Praised as a very t________ person, he is always willing to listen to different viewpoints and respect others’ opinions. (根据首字母单词拼写) 42. Environmentalists argue that ecological protection should be a fundamental ________ (原则) of global governance, not merely a secondary consideration on economic development agendas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 43. He ________ (无意地) spilled coffee on his shirt while trying to carry too many things at once. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 44. Her ________ (流利) in Spanish allowed her to communicate effortlessly with the local residents during her trip to Mexico. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 45. The teacher praised Tom’s i________ (正直) after he returned the lost wallet with cash untouched, setting a good example for the class. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 46. He listened to her story ________ (同情地), offering words of comfort and support throughout her suffering. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 47. Even though certain assumptions have proved positive, he remains ________ (悲观的) about the long-term prospects (前景) for his industry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Forbidden City, also ____48____(refer) to as the Palace Museum in the modern days, is located in the heart of Beijing. It is an ancient ____49____(architecture) complex with a history of over 600 years. The aerial view of the Forbidden City shows it is a symmetrical layout. The three main halls-the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony comprise the Forbidden City’s central line, ____50____ is flanked (两侧有) by more than 70 palaces with over 9, 000 rooms. The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath, ____51____(symbolize) the noble status of the royal family. In addition to ____52____(it) magnificent appearance, the Palace Museum also houses over one million pieces of cultural relics and treasures. In recent years, the Forbidden City has become ____53____ Internet celebrity, launching thousands of cultural and artistic products. These products are well enjoyed by ____54____(consumer), combining the traditional imperial elements with modern technology. Up to now, a “Digital Forbidden City” ____55____(create). The development of the Internet and AR technology has allowed people to visit the palace in an immersive way and to observe the panorama and details of the imperial treasures. As a new day begins, the ancient Forbidden City continues to welcome visitors at home and abroad. Be it onsite or online, your visit ____56____ the Forbidden City may help you travel through time and space and_____57_____(true) appreciate the time-honored Chinese culture. 第四部分 第一节应用文(满分15分) 58. 假如学校外教Robert想聘请一名同学做他的助教，请你在学校英文报上替他写一则校园招聘信息。内容包括： 1. 招聘目的； 2. 选拔方式； 3. 报名要求。 注意：1. 词数80个左右；题目已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。 I WANT YOU ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 59. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 By the age of sixteen years old, Ben had always been an outstanding student. He went to great lengths to achieve high grades and managed to keep his parents delighted and proud. Neither of his parents had the opportunity to attend university and it was their biggest ambition that Ben could land a well-paid and decent job as a lawyer. He knew that achieving this goal would make his parents walk on air, but he wasn’t certain whether he would feel the same. Since he was only a child, Ben had been passionate about computer programming. He taught himself how to use a computer, and by the age of 12, he had been proficient in three difterent programming languages. He did all of this in his spare time. He was quite an introvert (内向的人), so he preferred staying in with his computer, rather than going out socializing with his fellow classmates or playing sports in the brilliant sunshine. It was acceptable to his parents, as long as he continued to focus on his studies. One day, while reading an article online about a young technology billionaire called Tom, Ben was fascinated by the magical power of technology and the wisdom and imnovation of the young CEO. The inner voice told him that he longed to become a computer programmer. Everything changed for Ben. In the article, the CEO said that his company was trying to create a new and improved way of paying for goods online but that they were struggling with the security system. He said if they could overcome this, they could launch the biggest and best online payment system in the world. It occurred to Ben that he had an innovative idea on how to handle this problem. Thinking that it wouldn’t come to anything, he emailed the CEO, introducing himself and explaining his idea. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 He forgot all about it, but then a month later; the most amazing thing happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With all these concerns in mind, Ben determined to communicate with his parents frankly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2024-2025学年春学期高二年级第一次质量检测试卷 英语学科 (满分150分 考试时间：120分钟) 第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the man's main form of exercise now? A. Running. B. Cycling. C. Swimming. 2. How will the man probably communicate with the company next week? A. By making a call. B. By writing a letter. C. By sending an email. 3. What happened to the man? A. He couldn't find the way to the toilet. B. His new phone got wet. C. He lost some money. 4. What are the speakers doing? A. Planning a journey. B. Waiting for a plane. C. Booking a hotel room. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Spring Festival plans. B. The man's new home. C. A shopping list for the holiday. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a classroom. B. In an office. C. In a cafe. 7. What will the man do next week? A. Graduate from university. B. Attend a job interview. C. Visit a factory. 听第7段材料，回答第8到10题。 8. How will the woman probably get home today? A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By car. 9. What is the weather like right now? A. Windy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 10. Who is in the woman's painting? A. Her brother. B. Her aunt. C. Herself. 听第8段材料，回答第11到13题。 11. How does the man sound at first? A. Excited. B. Surprised. C. Sad. 12. Why doesn't the woman join the theater club? A. She has no time for practice. B. She is suffering from an illness. C. She feels too nervous to perform. 13. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Try out for the school basketball team. B. Write a play for the theater club. C. Join the creative writing club. 听第9段材料，回答第14到17题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Friends. B. Parent and child. C. Sister and brother. 15. What event are the speakers planning to celebrate? A. A wedding. B. Their graduation party. C. The woman's birthday. 16. What does the woman think of celebrating by going out to dinner? A. It costs too much money. B. It isn't special enough. C. It is too crowded. 17. What kind of book would the woman probably prefer? A. Historical books. B. Science fiction. C. Scary stories. 听第10段材料，回答第18到20题。 18. When did the speaker graduate from university? A. In 2012. B. In 2014. C. In 2016. 19. How did the speaker feel about her first job in the beginning? A. Dissatisfied. B. Excited. C. Proud. 20. What is the speaker writing about now? A. Serious news. B. Environmental issues. C. The latest clothes and music. 第二部分：阅读理解(共三节，满分42.5) 第一节(共12小题；每小题2.5分，共30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team behind the laughing robot Erica said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot. “We think that one of the important functions of conversational AI is empathy (共情),” said Dr Koji Inoue, the lead author of the research. “So we decided that one way a robot can empathize with its users is to share their laughter.” The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm (算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations. “Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,” said Inoue. “We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.” The team said laughter could help create robots with their own distinct character although it could take more than 20 years before it would be possible to have a casual chat with a robot like we would with a friend. “One of the things we’d keep in mind is that a laughing robot or algorithm will never be able to understand you or the meaning of laughter,” points out Prof. Sandra Wachter of the Oxford Internet Institute. “But with their development, they might get very good at tricking you into believing they understand what’s going on.” 1. Why did Inoue’s team develop the AI system? A. To better understand human empathy. B. To promote the social skills of robots. C. To explore the differences between laughs. D. To assist robots in identifying people's moods. 2. What can robot Erica probably do at present? A. Repeat the details of the 80 dialogues B. Distinguish people by hearing their laughs C. Recreate a scene played by the four actresses D. Master the features of laughs provided by data. 3. What does the underlined word “obstructor” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Potential. B. Barrier. C. Alternative. D. Division. 4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Are AI systems going beyond human ability? B. Can conversational AI really understand us? C. Laughing robots are round the conner. D. Robots become laughing masters. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍科学家正在研究的一款可以笑的机器人。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段“Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. The team said that the system could improve natural conversations between people and an AI robot.(科学家们现在正在开发一种人工智能系统，在适当的社交环境中重现不同的笑声。该团队表示，该系统可以提高人与人工智能机器人之间的自然对话)”可知，团队开发了人工智能系统是为了提高机器人的社交技能。故选B项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段“The team have set out to teach their AI system the art of conversational laughter. They gathered training data from more than 80 daily dialogues between male subjects and the robot that was initially operated by four actresses remotely. The dialogue data was grouped into social laughs (where polite or embarrassed laughter isn’t involved) and laughter of joy. Based on the audio files, the algorithm(算法) learned the basic characteristics of social laughs, which tend to be softer, and merry laughs, with the aim of mirroring these inappropriate situations.(该团队已经开始教授他们的人工智能系统对话式大笑的艺术。他们从男性受试者和最初由四名女演员远程操作的机器人之间的80多次日常对话中收集了训练数据。对话数据被分为社交笑声（不涉及礼貌或尴尬的笑声）和欢乐的笑声。基于音频文件，该算法学习了社交笑声的基本特征，这些笑声往往更柔和、更快乐，目的是反映这些不恰当的情况)”可知，团队已经开始教授机器人笑的艺术，数据包括了笑的特征，因此推断机器人Erica可能掌握了目前数据提供的笑的特征。故选D项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。由文章第三段划线词后文“‘Our biggest obstructor in the work was identifying the actual cases of shared laughter because as you know, most laughter is actually not shared at all,’ said Inoue. ‘We had to carefully decide exactly which laughs we could use for our analysis and we couldn’t just assume that any laugh can be responded to. It was really not easy work.’(Inoue说：“我们在这项工作中最大的______是确定分享笑声的实际案例，因为正如你所知，大多数笑声实际上根本就不是分享的。我们必须仔细决定哪些笑声可以用于我们的分析，我们不能仅仅假设任何笑声都能得到回应。这真的不是一项容易的工作。”)”可知，现在确定分享笑声的实际案例不是一件容易的事情，这是研究人员工作中最大的“障碍”，所以推测obstructor 表示“障碍”。故选B项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Laughter comes in many forms, from a polite and quiet laugh to a great hearty laugh. Scientists are now developing an AI system to recreate different laughs in proper social contexts. (笑声有多种形式，从礼貌而安静的笑声到开怀大笑。科学家们现在正在开发一种人工智能系统，在适当的社交环境中重现不同的笑声)”以及下文内容可知，文章主要介绍科学家正在研究一款拥有可以笑的机器人。所以C项Laughing robots are round the corner.（会笑的机器人即将问世）为最佳标题。故选C项。 B Like so many other ABCs (American-born Chinese) and younger first and second-generation Chinese immigrants (移民), sisters Sarah and Kaitlin Leung reached a point in their adult lives when they started to long for the Chinese food they’d grown up on, but found it really difficult to learn how to prepare it. There was such a “representation gap”, as Sarah puts it, in terms of what kinds of cuisines were noticeably featured in those early days of TV celebrity chefs and the emerging food blogosphere (博客圈). As it turns out, though, the Leungs were uniquely positioned to do something about it. Bill, the father, had spent years cooking beef at his family’s Chinese American takeout restaurant. Judy, the mom, was born and raised in Shanghai and had deep knowledge about traditional Shanghainese cooking. Meanwhile, the two sisters had grown up in the New Jersey suburbs, eating their parents’ food, but also growing in America’s own food-obsessed culture. So, in 2013, the Leungs started The Woks of Life. What distinguished their blog from others was that the intergenerational heritage (传承) of knowledge that the Leungs were so eager for was baked right into the concept—The four family members took turns posting recipes, each sharing their own favorites, tapping into their own areas of expert knowledge. Kaitlin is proud that The Woks of Life follows along line of pioneers-folks like Joyce Chen, Martin Yan and Ming Tsai, who first started to bring Chinese home cooking into the mainstream in the US. “We feel proud that we have made a meaningful mark over the past decade, casting light that there’s a huge demand for these recipes,” she says .“It’s about representation, yes, but there’s also a huge demand. Asian Americans look to reconnect with the food of their heritage.” Five years ago, you wouldn’t have been able to find a ton of Chinese recipes in the New York Times food section, Kaitlin notes. Now you can. 5. What do the underlined words “representation gap” in paragraph 1 refer to? A. The shortage of Chinese chefs. B. The lack of Chinese food recipes. C. The gap between young and old ABCs. D. The difference between chefs and bloggers. 6. What is the purpose of paragraph 2? A. To prove how unique the Leung sisters are. B. To show why the Leung sisters prefer Chinese food. C. To point out the Leungs’ advantage to start a food blog. D. To stress the Leung sisters’ love for home cooking food. 7. What makes The woks of Life special? A. The concept of baking food. B. The large number of followers. C. The bloggers, way of posting recipes. D. The intergenerational heritage of knowledge. 8 What is the significance of The woks of Life? A. It strengthens bonds between individuals. B. It marks the popularity of Chinese cuisine. C. It has developed many new Chinese recipes. D. It links Asian Americans with their food tradition. 【答案】5. B 6. C 7. D 8. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年轻一代的美国华裔在做中国菜时遇到的困难以及The Woks of Life博客的诞生。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Like so many other ABCs (American-born Chinese) and younger first and second-generation Chinese immigrants (移民), sisters Sarah and Kaitlin Leung reached a point in their adult lives when they started to long for the Chinese food they’d grown up on, but found it really difficult to learn how to prepare it. There was such a “representation gap”, as Sarah puts it, in terms of what kinds of cuisines were noticeably featured in those early days of TV celebrity chefs and the emerging food blogosphere (博客圈).(像许多其他在美国出生的华人（ABCs）和年轻一代的第一代和第二代中国移民一样，Sarah和Kaitlin Leung这两位姐妹在成年后也渴望吃到自己从小长大的中国菜，但发现很难学会如何准备。正如Sarah所说的那样，在电视名厨和新兴博客圈早期的那些日子里，哪些菜肴明显受到关注，存在“代表性差距”)”可知，Sarah和Kaitlin是美籍华人，当她们想吃小时候的中式饭菜时，却不知道如何做。由此可推知，Sarah所说的早期电视名厨和新兴的美食博客圈中的“代表性差距”就是没有中餐食谱的分享。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“As it turns out, though, the Leungs were uniquely positioned to do something about it.(然而，事实证明，梁家姐妹有独特的条件来解决这个问题)”以及本段下文的叙述可推知，本段介绍了为什么Leungs一家人有条件创建博客来改变当时人们没有途径学习烹饪中餐的情况。故选C项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“What distinguished their blog from others was that the intergenerational heritage (传承) of knowledge that the Leungs were so eager for was baked right into the concept—The four family members took turns posting recipes, each sharing their own favorites, tapping into their own areas of expert knowledge.(他们的博客与其他博客的区别在于，梁家姐妹渴望的跨代知识传承被直接融入了这个概念——四位家庭成员轮流发布食谱，分享各自的最爱，挖掘各自的专业知识领域)”可知，他们的博客与其他博客的不同之处在于，梁氏夫妇如此渴望的知识代际传承被融入了这个观念。故选D项。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Asian Americans look to reconnect with the food of their heritage.(亚洲裔美国人希望重新与他们的传统食物建立联系)”可知，这个博客让亚裔美国人和他们的饮食传统建立起联系。故选D项。 C Is it true that our brain alone is responsible for human cognition(认知)? What about our body? Is it possible for thought and behaviour to originate from somewhere other than our brain? Psychologists who study Embodied Cognition(EC)ask similar questions. The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure. If you think about it for a moment, it makes total sense. When you smell something good or hear amusing sounds, certain emotions are awakened. Think about how newborns use their senses to understand the world around them. They don’t have emotions so much as needs – they don’t feel sad, they’re just hungry and need food. Even unborn babies can feel their mothers’ heartbeats, and this has a calming effect. In the real world, they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved. Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction. In one experiment, test subjects were asked to judge people after being handed a hot or a cold drink. They all made warm evaluations when their fingertips perceived warmth rather than coolness. And it works the other way too. In another study, subjects’ fingertip temperatures were measured after being “included” in or “rejected” from a group task. Those who were included felt physically warmer. For further proof, we can look at the metaphors(比喻)that we use without even thinking. A kind and sympathetic person is frequently referred to as one with a soft heart and someone who is very strong and calm in difficult situations is often described as solid as a rock. And this kind of metaphorical use is common across languages. Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it? If you’re having a bad day, a warm cup of tea will give you a flash of pleasure. If you know you’re physically cold, warm up before making any interpersonal decisions. 9. According to the author, what is the significance of EC? A. It brings us closer to the truth in human cognition. B. It offers a clearer picture of the shape of human brain. C. It reveals the major role of the mind in human cognition. D. It facilitates our understanding of the origin of psychology. 10. Where does the newborns’ understanding of their surroundings start from? A. Their personal looks. B. Their mental needs. C. Their inner emotions. D. Their physical feelings. 11. What does the author intend to prove by citing the metaphors in Paragraph 4? A. Human speech is alive with metaphors. B. Human senses have effects on thinking. C. Human language is shaped by visual images. D. Human emotions are often compared to natural materials. 12. What is the author’s purpose in writing the last paragraph? A. To deepen the readers’ understanding of EC. B. To encourage the reader to put EC into practice. C. To guide the reader onto the path to career success. D. To share with the reader ways to release their emotions. 【答案】9. A 10. D 11. B 12. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了心理学家一项EC理论表明，我们不是只有大脑负责人类的认知，我们的身体也负责思考或者解决问题。更准确的说思想塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思想。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.(EC理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思维。) ”可知，EC理论让我们更接近人类认知的真相。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“In the real world，they cry when they’re cold and then get hugged. That way, they start to associate being warm with being loved.(在现实世界中，他们冷了就哭，然后被拥抱。这样，他们开始将温暖与被爱联系起来) ”可推知，新生儿对周围环境的理解依靠的是身体感觉。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“For further proof, we can look at the metaphors (比喻) that we use without even thinking.(为了进一步证明，我们可以看看我们不假思索就使用的比喻)”和倒数第三段“Further studies have backed up the mind-body interaction.(更多的研究支持了身心互动) ”可知，两个自然段都是为了证明上文第一段EC的观点“The EC theory suggests our body is also responsible for thinking or problem-solving. More precisely, the mind shapes the body and the body shapes the mind in equal measure.(EC理论表明，我们的身体也负责思考或解决问题。更准确地说，思维塑造身体，身体同等程度地塑造思维) ”。所以，作者想要印证的是人类的感官对思维有影响。故选B。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now that you have the knowledge of mind-body interaction, why not use it? (既然您已经掌握了身心互动的知识，为什么不使用它呢?) ”可知，最后一段作者鼓励读者把EC理论运用于现实生活中。故选B。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Exploring Elements of Poetry: Structures, Stanzas (诗节) & Lines The Importance of Poetic Structures ____13____. They allow the poets to take the readers by the hand and guide them through the poem, showing them exactly what to focus on in a particular order. To help poets do this successfully, there are many tools at the poet’s disposal when building poem structures, such as lines, stanzas, rhyme schemes, and meters (格律). Each of these works together to provide a roadmap for the readers. ____14____ Poem Stanzas: Building Blocks of a Poem What is a stanza in a poem? The majority of poems are divided into stanzas or a group of lines with an identifiable structure that repeats throughout the poem. ____15____ Other times the structure is built around a rhyme scheme. Or the poem structure could even be determined by a specific number of lines per stanza. There are many different types of stanzas. ____16____ For example, a one-lined stanza is called “monostich” (mono= one). Likewise, a two-lined. stanza is called a “couplet” (couple= two). Shakespeare loved using the couplet at the end of his famous 14 line poems called sonnets. The most important thing to remember about poem stanzas is that whatever the structure is, it must be consistent throughout the poem. Line Structures: Crafting (构建) the Flow When writing a poem, it can be challenging to decide where to end a line and continue onto the next line of a stanza. ____17____ New poets can mistakenly think that each line has to be a complete sentence. It is perfectly normal to line break in the middle of a sentence, but it has to be done intentionally. Misplaced line breaks in a poem can make or break the “flow” or rhythm of a poem. A. This is called a line break. B. Poetic structures do a few things. C. Each is related to the French form of a number. D. Poetic structures are highly dependent on patterns. E. Sometimes the structure is based on a certain meter. F. They influence the tone and mood of the poem as well. G. A meter determines the structure of the lines within a stanza. 【答案】13. B 14. F 15. E 16. C 17. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了诗歌的结构。 【13题详解】 根据本段的标题“The Importance of Poetic Structure(诗歌结构的重要性)”和空格后“They allow the poet to take the reader by the hand and guide them through the poem, showing them exactly what to focus on in a particular order.(它们允许诗人牵着读者的手，引导他们阅读这首诗，告诉他们在一个特定的顺序中，他们应该关注什么。)”可知，本段在讲诗歌结构的作用。B选项“诗歌结构有以下几个作用”，符合语境，故选B。 【14题详解】 根据空格前“To help poets do this successfully, there are many tools at the poet’s disposal when building poem structures, such as lines, stanzas, rhyme schemes, and meters( 格律). Each of these works together to provide a roadmap for the reader.(为了帮助诗人成功地做到这一点，在构建诗歌结构时，诗人有许多方法可以使用，比如行、节、韵律和格律。这些方法共同为读者提供了一幅路线图。)”可知，构建诗歌结构时，诗人有许多方法可以使用，它们为读者提供了一幅路线图，这是在讲这些方法的作用，空处承接上文，也应是讲这些方法的作用，F选项“它们也影响了这首诗的语气和情绪”，符合语境，故选F。 【15题详解】 根据空格后“Other times structure is built around a rhyme scheme.(其他时候，结构是围绕一个韵律形成的。)”可知，本句在讲诗歌结构形成的条件。E选项“有时结构是根据一定的格律来确定的”，符合语境，是在讲诗歌结构形成的其他条件，故选E。 【16题详解】 根据空格后“For example, a one-lined stanza is called “monostich” (mono= one). Likewise, a two-lined. stanza is called a “couplet” (couple= two). (例如，一个一行诗节被称为“隐修士”。同样，两行诗节被称为“对句”。)可知，本句是在讲诗节和数字之间的关系。C选项“每一个都与法语中的数字有关”，符合语境，故选C。 【17题详解】 根据本段标题“Line Structure: Crafting the Flow(行文结构：构建流畅性)”和空格前“When writing a poem, it can be challenging to decide where to end a line and continue onto the next line of a stanza.(写诗的时候，决定哪一行结束，然后继续下一行，这是很有挑战性的。)”可知，本段在讲诗歌的行文结构。A选项“这叫做换行”，符合语境，指出写诗时，决定哪一行结束，然后继续下一行的这种做法其实是叫换行，故选A。 第三部分：语言运用(共三节，满分37.5分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The title of “Aaron’s younger brother” was earned when I had won the second place in my first tennis tournament at the age of six. Whenever I ____18____ onto a tennis court, it was as though a gluey name label, which had been ____19____ stuck onto me. I wanted to ____20____ Aaron, my older brother, whose fame had reduced me to a ____21____ tennis player. Then came a big tennis match against Aaron. As I shook Aaron’s hand at the start of the match, I stared at him and focused on how this match was going to ____22____ everything. The tennis court seemed to stretch out further than usual, but I could still ____23____ the confident look on Aaron’s face. He knew that my honor ____24____ in comparison to his. Finally, we were down to the last set, neck and neck in points. That was when the setting sun cast his figure over me, ____25____ me that I would always be walking in his ____26____ if I did not prove myself. I prepared myself for the finishing blow, ____27____ of Aaron’s past matches flooding through my mind as I ____28____ the weakness of his smash (扣球) the ball would always fly towards the left of the court. I extended my arm to the left in anticipation of where the ball was going to land. The ball made ____29____ with my racket and was lobbed over Aaron’s head successfully. He could do nothing but ____30____ his undefeated status as champion being removed by his younger brother. While I was still enjoying the unfamiliar feeling of ____31____ minutes after the match was over, a man, whom I vaguely recognized from a ____32____ tennis club, approached me. “What is your name, son?” he asked. A smile spread across my face. 18. A. marched B. stepped C. jumped D. rushed 19. A. frequently B. originally C. permanently D. occasionally 20. A. recommend B. praise C. evaluate D. defeat 21. A. nameless B. hopeless C. worthless D. fearless 22. A. appreciate B. change C. explore D. settle 23. A. put down B. pull out C. take up D. make out 24. A. disappeared B. wrinkled C. paled D. doubled 25 A. reminding B. ordering C. instructing D. expecting 26. A. trust B. shelter C. credit D. shadow 27. A. scores B. images C. records D. highlights 28. A. hid B. admitted C. recalled D. overcame 29. A. contact B. progress C. movement D. adjustment 30. A. maintain B. improve C. confirm D. witness 31. A. harmony B. success C. competition D. relief 32. A. previous B. special C. famous D. tiny 【答案】18. B 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者网球赛战胜自己的哥哥亚伦，不再活在他阴影下的故事。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当我走上网球场，就好像一个黏糊糊的名字标签永远贴在我身上。A. marched行进；B. stepped迈步；C. jumped跳；D. rushed冲。由下文“onto a tennis court”以及语境可知，这里指作者“迈步”走进网球场，step onto表“踏上”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故选B项。 【19题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：每当我走上网球场，就好像一个黏糊糊的名字标签永远贴在我身上。 A. frequently经常地；B. originally最初地；C. permanently永久地；D. occasionally偶尔地。由上文“it was as though a gluey name label”可知，这里指这个黏糊糊的名字标签“永远”贴在作者身上。故选C项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想打败我的哥哥亚伦，他的名气使我变成了一个无名的网球运动员。A. recommend推荐；B. praise赞扬；C. evaluate评估；D. defeat击败。由下文“whose fame had reduced me to a ____ tennis player. ”可知，这里指作者想“打败”哥哥亚伦，走出他的阴影。故选D项。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想打败我的哥哥亚伦，他的名气使我变成了一个无名的网球运动员。A. nameless无名的；B. hopeless无望的；C. worthless毫无价值的；D. fearless无所畏惧的。由上文“The title of ‘Aaron’s younger brother’was earned when I had won the second place in my first tennis tournament at the age of six.”可知，作者哥哥的名气使作者变成了一个“无名的”网球运动员。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：比赛开始时，当我和亚伦握手时，我凝视着他，专注于这场比赛将如何改变一切。A. appreciate感谢；B. change改变；C. explore探索；D. settle解决。由上文“I wanted to ____ Aaron, my older brother”可知，这里指作者想打败哥哥“改变”一切。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：网球场似乎比平时伸得更远，但我仍然能辨认出亚伦脸上自信的表情。A. put down放下；B. pull out拔出；C. take up占用；D. make out辨认出。由上文“further than usual”以及but表转折可知，这里指虽然距离远，但是作者还是能“辨认出”亚伦脸上自信的表情。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他知道我的荣誉与他的相比显得微不足道。A. disappeared消失；B. wrinkled皱起；C. paled变苍白；D. doubled加倍。由下文“in comparison to his”可知，这里指作者的荣誉不如哥哥的，相对于哥哥的荣誉，变得非常“苍白”逊色。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，落日把他的身影投射到我身上，提醒我，如果我不证明自己，我将永远走在他的阴影下。A. reminding提醒；B. ordering订购；C. instructing指导；D. expecting期待。由上文“the setting sun cast his figure over me”可知，这指落日“提醒”了作者生活在哥哥的阴影下。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，落日把他的身影投射到我身上，提醒我，如果我不证明自己，我将永远走在他的阴影下。A. trust信任；B. shelter避难所；C. credit信用；D. shadow阴影。由下文“if I did not prove myself”可知，这里指如果作者不证明自己，就会活在哥哥的“阴影”下。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为最后一击做好了准备，当我回忆起他扣杀的弱点时，亚伦过去比赛的画面充斥着我的脑海——球总是飞向球场左侧。A. scores得分；B. images画面；C. records记录；D. highlights亮点。由下文“of Aaron’s past matches”可知，这里指亚伦过去比赛的“画面”出现在作者的脑海里。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为最后一击做好了准备，当我回忆起他扣杀的弱点时，亚伦过去比赛的画面充斥着我的脑海——球总是飞向球场左侧。A. hid隐藏；B. admitted承认；C. recalled回忆；D. overcame克服。由上文“flooding through my mind”可知，作者这里在“回忆”亚伦扣杀的弱点。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：球碰到了我的球拍，成功地从亚伦的头上高出。A. contact接触；B. progress进度；C. movement运动；D. adjustment调整。由下文“with my racket and was lobbed over Aaron’s head successfully”可知，这里表示球“触碰到”作者的球拍，然后作者成功击出了球。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他只能目睹自己不败的冠军身份被弟弟夺走。 A. maintain维护；B. improve提高；C. confirm确认；D. witness目睹。由上文“could do nothing”可知，作者哥哥亚伦只能“目睹”自己的失败，什么也做不了。故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束几分钟后，当我还在享受这种陌生的成功感时，一个我隐约认出是来自一家著名网球俱乐部的男人走近了我。A. harmony和谐；B. success成功；C. competition竞争；D. relief宽慰。由上文“champion being removed by his younger brother”可知，这里指作者享受打败哥哥的“成功”感。故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比赛结束几分钟后，当我还在享受这种陌生的成功感时，一个我隐约认出是来自一家著名网球俱乐部的男人走近了我。A. previous以前的；B. special特殊的；C. famous著名的；D. tiny极小的。由下文“What is your name, son?”以及语境可知，作者赢得比赛，引得了“著名的”网球俱乐部的注意。故选C项。 第二节 单词拼写(共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分) 33. “If you confess (承认) the truth, I’ll give you extra game time as a b________,” the father said, hoping his son would admit breaking the vase. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】bonus##onus 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：“如果你承认真相，我就给你额外的游戏时间作为奖励，”父亲说，希望他的儿子能承认打破了花瓶。根据句意以及首字母提示可知，此处为名词bonus“奖励”作宾语，满足句意要求。故填bonus。 34. After submitting her report she received constructive f ________ from her supervisor, which helped her improve her writing skills. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】feedback##eedback 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在提交报告后，她从导师那里得到了建设性的反馈，这帮助她提高了写作技巧。由“from her supervisor, which helped her improve her writing skills”可知，句子表示“在提交报告后，她从导师那里得到了建设性的反馈，这帮助她提高了写作技巧”，空格处意为“反馈”，由首字母提示f可知，是feedback，是不可数名词，故填feedback。 35. After the pharmaceutical (医药) company was proven g________ of abusing clinical trial data, public anger erupted over its betrayal of patients' trust for corporate gain. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】guilty##uilty 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在制药公司被证实滥用临床试验数据有罪后，公众对其为了企业利益而背叛患者信任的行为感到愤怒。设空处使用形容词作表语，根据句意和首字母提示，表示“有罪的”用guilty，故填guilty。 36. She is known for being a k________ historian, able to provide insightful comments on a wide range of topics. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】knowledgeable##nowledgeable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：她以知识渊博的历史学家而著称，能够对各种话题提出富有洞察力的见解。设空处修饰名词historian，需要用形容词。根据句意和首字母提示，可知应填knowledgeable，意为“知识渊博的”符合句意。故填knowledgeable。 37. O________ choosing the local restaurant, she insisted on going to the big city and find a new one. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】Opposing##pposing 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：反对在当地餐馆就餐，她坚持要去大城市找一家新的。句中insisted为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，根据首字母提示和句意，此处表示“反对”用oppose，其与逻辑主语she之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，首字母大写。故填Opposing。 38. Her p________ for classical music over pop music was evident in the choice of songs she played at the concert. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】preference##reference 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她在音乐会上选择的歌曲显然表明了她对古典音乐的喜爱超过流行音乐。设空处位于句子主语的位置，故使用名词。根据首字母提示和句意，此处表示对古典音乐的喜爱，表示“喜爱，偏爱”用名词preference。故填preference。 39. He felt a wave of e________ washing over him when he realized he had forgotten his lines in front of a large audience. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】embarrassment##mbarrassment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：当他意识到自己在一大群观众面前忘记了台词时，他感到一阵尴尬。由“when he realized he had forgotten his lines in front of a large audience”可知，句子表示“他感到一阵尴尬”，空格处意为“尴尬”，用名词作宾语，由首字母提示e可知，是embarrassment，是不可数名词，故填embarrassment。 40. When facing peer pressure to cheat on the exam, Lily chose to r________ from the group, saying firmly, “I’d rather fail honestly than win by lying.” (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】resign##esign 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：当面临考试作弊的同伴压力时，莉莉选择退出这个群体，坚定地说：“我宁愿诚实地失败，也不愿通过撒谎获胜。” 空白处位于不定式符号to后，应使用动词原形。根据下文“I’d rather fail honestly than win by lying(我宁愿诚实地失败，也不愿通过撒谎获胜)”可知，宁愿诚实地失败，也不愿通过撒谎获胜，可推理出此处表示莉莉选择从这个群体中退出，结合首字母提示，以字母r开头表示“退出；辞去”含义的动词为resign，故填resign。 41. Praised as a very t________ person, he is always willing to listen to different viewpoints and respect others’ opinions. (根据首字母单词拼写) 【答案】tolerant##olerant 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他被称赞为一个非常宽容的人，总是愿意倾听不同的观点，尊重他人的意见。由“he is always willing to listen to different viewpoints and respect others’ opinions”可知，句子表示“他被称赞为一个非常宽容的人，总是愿意倾听不同的观点，尊重他人的意见”，空格处用形容词作定语，修饰名词person，由首字母提示t可知，是tolerant。故填tolerant。 42. Environmentalists argue that ecological protection should be a fundamental ________ (原则) of global governance, not merely a secondary consideration on economic development agendas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】principle 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：环保人士认为，生态保护应成为全球治理的基本原则，而不仅仅是经济发展议程中的次要考虑。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词principle“原则”作表语，满足句意要求。故填principle。 43. He ________ (无意地) spilled coffee on his shirt while trying to carry too many things at once. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】unintentionally 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他一次拿太多东西时，不小心把咖啡洒到衬衫上了。设空处使用副词作状语，修饰动词spilled。表示“不小心地，无意地”用unintentionally。故填unintentionally。 44. Her ________ (流利) in Spanish allowed her to communicate effortlessly with the local residents during her trip to Mexico. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】fluency 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：她流利的西班牙语使她在墨西哥旅行期间可以毫不费力地与当地居民交流。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词fluency“流利”作主语，满足句意要求。故填fluency。 45. The teacher praised Tom’s i________ (正直) after he returned the lost wallet with cash untouched setting a good example for the class. (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】integrity##ntegrity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：在汤姆归还了丢失的钱包且现金分文未动后，老师表扬了他的正直，为全班树立了一个好榜样。在句中作praised的宾语，根据首字母和中文提示可知，名词integrity“正直”符合句意，故填integrity。 46. He listened to her story ________ (同情地), offering words of comfort and support throughout her suffering. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】sympathetically##empathetically 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：他同情地听着她的故事，在她受苦的过程中不断地给予安慰和支持。根据汉语提示可知应用副词sympathetically或empathetically，修饰动词listen。故填sympathetically/empathetically。 47. Even though certain assumptions have proved positive, he remains ________ (悲观的) about the long-term prospects (前景) for his industry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写) 【答案】pessimistic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管某些假设已经证明是正面的，但他对自己行业的长期前景仍然持悲观态度。设空处使用形容词作表语，表示“悲观的”用pessimistic。故填pessimistic。 第三节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Forbidden City, also ____48____(refer) to as the Palace Museum in the modern days, is located in the heart of Beijing. It is an ancient ____49____(architecture) complex with a history of over 600 years. The aerial view of the Forbidden City shows it is a symmetrical layout. The three main halls-the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony comprise the Forbidden City’s central line, ____50____ is flanked (两侧有) by more than 70 palaces with over 9, 000 rooms. The buildings are all covered with golden roofs with red columns and high walls beneath, ____51____(symbolize) the noble status of the royal family. In addition to ____52____(it) magnificent appearance, the Palace Museum also houses over one million pieces of cultural relics and treasures. In recent years, the Forbidden City has become ____53____ Internet celebrity, launching thousands of cultural and artistic products. These products are well enjoyed by ____54____(consumer), combining the traditional imperial elements with modern technology. Up to now, a “Digital Forbidden City” ____55____(create). The development of the Internet and AR technology has allowed people to visit the palace in an immersive way and to observe the panorama and details of the imperial treasures. As a new day begins, the ancient Forbidden City continues to welcome visitors at home and abroad. Be it onsite or online, your visit ____56____ the Forbidden City may help you travel through time and space and_____57_____(true) appreciate the time-honored Chinese culture. 【答案】48. referred 49. architectural 50. which 51. symbolizing 52. its 53. an 54. consumers 55. has been created 56. to 57. truly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了故宫古建筑群和对它的旅游开发。 【48题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：紫禁城，在现代也被称为故宫博物院，位于北京的中心。“(refer) to as the Palace Museum in the modern days”作后置定语修饰名词The Forbidden City，refer是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The Forbidden City之间是被动关系，应用过去分词表被动。故填referred。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这是一个有600多年历史的古建筑群。提示词修饰名词complex，应用形容词architectural作定语，意为“建筑风格的”。故填architectural。 【50题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：三个主殿——太和殿、中和殿和保和殿构成了紫禁城的中心线，它的两侧是70多座宫殿，有9000多个房间。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Forbidden City’s central line，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系副词which引导该从句。故填which。 【51题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些建筑都覆盖着金色的屋顶，下面有红色的柱子和高墙，象征着皇室的高贵地位。“(symbolize) the noble status of the royal family”作伴随状语，symbolize是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The buildings之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动和伴随。故填symbolizing。 【52题详解】 考查代词。句意：除了其宏伟的外观，故宫博物院还藏有超过100万件文物和珍宝。提示词修饰名词appearance，应用形容词性物主代词its作定语。故填its。 【53题详解】 考查冠词。句意：近年来，故宫已经成为明星，推出了数千种文化艺术产品。可数名词celebrity在句中表示“一个明星”，泛指，空格后单词Internet发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些产品将传统帝王元素与现代科技相结合，深受消费者喜爱。根据句意，产品是受到很多消费者的喜爱，“消费者”是复数概念，用复数形式consumers，作宾语。故填consumers。 【55题详解】 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，一个“数字故宫”已经创建。分析句子可知，create(创建)是句中谓语动词，与主语a “Digital Forbidden City”之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语Up to now，应使用现在完成时态，又因主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用现在完成时的被动语态，单数形式。故填has been created。 【56题详解】 考查介词。句意：无论是在现场还是在网上，参观故宫都能让你穿越时空，真正领略悠久的中华文化。visit to...是固定搭配，介词短语作后置定语，其中介词to表示“到某处”。故填to。 【57题详解】 考查副词。句意：无论是在现场还是在网上，参观故宫都能让你穿越时空，真正领略悠久的中华文化。提示词修饰动词appreciate，应用副词truly作状语。故填truly。 第四部分 第一节应用文(满分15分) 58. 假如学校外教Robert想聘请一名同学做他的助教，请你在学校英文报上替他写一则校园招聘信息。内容包括： 1. 招聘目的； 2. 选拔方式； 3. 报名要求。 注意：1. 词数80个左右；题目已给出，不计入总词数； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I WANT YOU ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I WANT YOU Our school foreign teacher, Robert, is looking for a student assistant to work with him. The purpose is to provide better support for his teaching work and enhance the learning experience of students. The selection will be based on an interview. Candidates should have a good command of English and be able to communicate fluently with both the teacher and students. They should also be responsible, patient and have a passion for teaching. Anyone who is interested in this position can send their resumes and a brief self-introduction to Robert’s email address: robert@email.com before April 30th. We believe that this opportunity will be a valuable experience for the selected candidate and we look forward to seeing your application. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在学校英文报上替学校外教Robert写一则校园招聘信息。 【详解】1.词汇积累 目的：purpose→intention 提供：provide→offer 热情：passion→enthusiasm 机会：opportunity→chance 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Candidates should have a good command of English and be able to communicate fluently with both the teacher and students. 拓展句：Candidates should have a good command of English who are able to communicate fluently with both the teacher and students. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Anyone who is interested in this position can send their resumes and a brief self-introduction to Robert’s email address: robert@email.com before April 30th.（运用了who引导的定语从句） 【高分句型2】We believe that this opportunity will be a valuable experience for the selected candidate and we look forward to seeing your application.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 59. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 By the age of sixteen years old, Ben had always been an outstanding student. He went to great lengths to achieve high grades and managed to keep his parents delighted and proud. Neither of his parents had the opportunity to attend university and it was their biggest ambition that Ben could land a well-paid and decent job as a lawyer. He knew that achieving this goal would make his parents walk on air, but he wasn’t certain whether he would feel the same. Since he was only a child, Ben had been passionate about computer programming. He taught himself how to use a computer, and by the age of 12, he had been proficient in three difterent programming languages. He did all of this in his spare time. He was quite an introvert (内向的人), so he preferred staying in with his computer, rather than going out socializing with his fellow classmates or playing sports in the brilliant sunshine. It was acceptable to his parents, as long as he continued to focus on his studies. One day, while reading an article online about a young technology billionaire called Tom, Ben was fascinated by the magical power of technology and the wisdom and imnovation of the young CEO. The inner voice told him that he longed to become a computer programmer. Everything changed for Ben. In the article, the CEO said that his company was trying to create a new and improved way of paying for goods online but that they were struggling with the security system. He said if they could overcome this, they could launch the biggest and best online payment system in the world. It occurred to Ben that he had an innovative idea on how to handle this problem. Thinking that it wouldn’t come to anything, he emailed the CEO, introducing himself and explaining his idea. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 He forgot all about it, but then a month later; the most amazing thing happened. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With all these concerns in mind, Ben determined to communicate with his parents frankly. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 He forgot all about it, but then a month later, the most amazing thing happened He received a response directly from the CEO, which informed him that his brilliant idea struck a chord and that he was welcome to fly to America to share his forward thinking on the security system. Ben was overjoyed, staring at the email with his lips curving into a smile. But a wave of worry took hold of him. What about his parents’ ambition for him? Should he turn down the offer against his own passion? Would he let his parents down if he followed his own heart to realize his potential? With all these concerns in mind, Ben determined to communicate with his parents frankly. When Ben got home from school, he took a deep breath and plucked up his courage to confess everything to his parents. Ben told them he didn’t think he would become a qualified lawyer. Instead, he guaranteed that he could do something brilliant in a career as a computer programmer. Hearing this, his parents felt very surprised, but they didn’t blame him. They stroked his head gently, whispering that they would accompany him to visit the CEO in person. Bathed in the harmonious atmosphere, Ben was inspired to seize the opportunity to pursue his own dreams. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主讲述了Sam的父母一直希望他成为律师，而Sam也不想辜负父母的期望。可是，Sam内心真正喜欢的是计算机。后来，Sam机缘巧合之下获得了一份科技公司的工作。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句“他忘记了这一切，但一个月后，最令人惊讶的事情发生了。”可知，第一段可描写CEO认可了Ben的想法，并邀请他一块讨论关于系统安全性的问题。但是Ben犹豫了，不知道父母会不会同意他去。 ②由第二段首句“考虑到所有这些担忧，本决定坦率地与父母沟通。”可知，第二段可描写Ben和父母坦白了一切，父母并没有责怪他，反而鼓励他去追求自己的梦想。 2.续写线索：写邮件——认可——受到邀请——担心——和父母坦白——没有责怪——鼓励追求梦想 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①拒绝：turn down/refuse ②陪伴某人：accompany sb./keep sb. company ③抓住机会：seize the opportunity/grasp the chance 情绪类 ①非常高兴：overjoyed/extremely happy ②吃惊的：surprised/shocked 【点睛】【高分句型1】He received a response directly from the CEO, which informed him that his brilliant idea struck a chord and that he was welcome to fly to America to share his forward thinking on the security system. （由which引导非限定性定语从句,that引导宾语从句） 【高分句型2】 Instead, he guaranteed that he could do something brilliant in a career as a computer programmer. （由that引导了宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $