UNIT 3 Section Ⅰ Reading and Thinking（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2024）

Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking 教材助读5 REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of<1> mankind's greatest achievements.①To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion<2> for the people of early civilisations.Marco Polo's tales<3> inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.However, merchants<4> and explorers from the East set sail<5> from east to west many years before Columbus first did. ①此处为动词不定式短语作主语。 In ancient times, silk from China found its way<6>overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along ②what became known as<7> the Silk Road.A trading route across the sea was also extended<8> along the coasts of the Indian Ocean，③centred around<9> Ceylon(now Sri Lanka).Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate<10> trade deals，④which also led to more awareness<11> of each other's cultures.Over the centuries, further trading allowed more exploration of the regions to the west of China, as recorded in Du Huan's Record of My Travels in the eighth century. ②此处what引导宾语从句，what相当于the road which。 ③此处为过去分词短语作状语，centre与其逻辑主语A trading route之间为动宾关系。 ④which在此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。 Later, the Ming Dynasty further developed relations with these regions.Between 1405 and 1433, seven large fleets<12> sailed west on voyages of trade and exploration.These fleets were a sight to behold<13> and were in a league<14> of their own<15> at that time.Under the command of<16> Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa.African royal<17> families sent gifts such as giraffes as gestures of<18> friendship in return for<19> gold, silk, and spices<20>．Although China withdrew<21> from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels<22> between other cultures for centuries. To reach out across the sea remains a strong desire today.⑤The ancient sea routes travelled by Zheng He are being revisited<23> with the 21st Century Maritime<24> Silk Road, which is part of the Belt and Road Initiative. ⑤本句为主从复合句。travelled by Zheng He为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰routes; which在此引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road。 The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds<25> between China and the rest of the world.Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes，⑥which will help to greatly develop the whole area for the benefit of<26> future trade and cultural exchange<27>. ⑥此处which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰主句。 China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects.⑦Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. In recent years, China has joined other nations on several expeditions to explore the Arctic.From a scientific point of view<28>， there is an urgent<29> need ⑧to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects. ⑦本句为主从复合句。although在此引导让步状语从句，主句为there be句型，left to explore作后置定语，修饰many other places。 ⑧此处的不定式作后置定语。 Hundreds of years on, and ⑨with the latest technology in hand<30>, the need to trade and the desire to enhance<31> relationships will drive China to<32> reach out across the sea far into the future. ⑨此处是with复合结构，介词短语作宾补。 <1>form the foundation of…形成……的基础 <2>passion n．[C，U]强烈情感；激情 [C]酷爱；热衷的爱好(或活动等) <3>tale/teIl/n.[C]故事；叙述 <4>merchant/ˈmɜːtʃənt/n.商人；批发商 adj.海上货运的 <5>set sail 起航；开航 <6>find one's way找到路 <7>become known as作为……而出名 become known for因为……而出名 <8>extend/Ikˈstend/vt.扩展；使伸长；延长 extension n．扩展；延长 <9>centre around/on/round…把……当作中心；集中于；围绕 <10>negotiate/nIˈɡəʊʃieIt/vt.商定；达成(协议) vi.谈判；磋商；协商 negotiation n．谈判；达成协议 <11>awareness/əˈweənəs/n.认识 <12>fleet/fliːt/n.舰队；机群；车队 <13>behold/bIˈhəʊld/vt.(beheld, beheld) 看；看见 a sight to behold壮观的景象 <14>league/liːɡ/n.[C]等级；水平；联合会；联赛 <15>of one's own某人自己的 on one's own独立地 <16>under the command of sb/under sb's command在某人的指挥下 command n．[U]控制；管辖；指挥 <17>royal/ˈrɔIəl/adj.皇家的；王室的；高贵的 <18>as a gesture of…表示…… gesture/ˈdʒestʃə(r)/n．[熟词生义][C](表明感情或意图的)姿态；表示 <19>in return for…作为对……的回报 in return作为回报 <20>spice/spaIs/n.(调味)香料 <21>withdraw/wIðˈdrɔː/vi.&vt.(withdrew，withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离 <22>channel/ˈtʃænl/n．[C]航道；海峡；频道 <23>revisit vt.重提；再次讨论 <24>maritime/ˈmærItaIm/adj.海的；海运的；海事的 the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road 21世纪海上丝绸之路 <25>bond/bɒnd/n.[C]纽带；关系vt.& vi.增强信任关系；使牢固结合 strengthen the bonds between…and…加强……与……之间的联系 <26>for the benefit of…为了……的利益 <27>exchange n．[C]交流；互访 trade and cultural exchange贸易和文化交流 <28>from…point of view就……而言；从……角度来看 <29>urgent adj.紧急的；紧迫的；迫切的 <30>in hand在手头；可供使用 <31>enhance/Inˈhɑːns/vt.提高；增强；增进 <32>drive sb to do sth驱使某人做某事 跨海越洋 贸易和好奇心通常构成人类最伟大成就的基础。早期文明的人们对勾勒出完整的世界版图满怀激情。马可·波罗的故事激励了欧洲探险家寻找自西向东的海上航线。然而，在哥伦布首次启航之前许多年，东方的商人和探险家就已经开始自东向西航行。 在古代，来自中国的丝绸沿陆路运至印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是后来闻名遐迩的“丝绸之路”。以锡兰(今斯里兰卡)为中心的一条横跨海洋的贸易路线沿印度洋海岸延伸。在这里，来自中国和其他许多地方的商人聚在一起洽谈贸易协议，也增进了对彼此文化的了解。几个世纪间，随着贸易的发展，对中国以西地区的探索增多了，这些在八世纪杜环所著的《经行记》中有所记载。 后来，明朝进一步发展了与这些地区的关系。1405年至1433年间，七支大型船队西渡重洋，开展贸易和探索。当时，这些船队极为壮观，独领风骚。在郑和的指挥下，船队从中国南海起航，穿越印度洋，直抵红海口，然后前往非洲东海岸。非洲王室赠送长颈鹿等礼物以示友好，同时也是作为他们获得黄金、丝绸和香料的回赠。尽管1433年后中国停止了进一步的探索，但在随后的几个世纪，这些陆地和海洋路线仍是与其他文化之间的活跃通道。 今天，跨海越洋依旧是人们强烈的渴望。作为“一带一路”倡议的组成部分，“21世纪海上丝绸之路”让郑和曾经走过的古代海上航线再度受到关注。 这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。近年来，贸易增长迅猛，未来几年也将继续增长。中国已经在这些沿线地区的运输系统和服务上投入了数十亿，这将促进整个地区实现大发展，有利于未来的贸易和文化交流。 中国还与海洋彼岸的友邦一起参与了其他重要项目。尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。近年来，中国与其他国家一道开展了多次北极考察。从科学的角度来看，迫切需要对北极进行研究，以便了解气候变化及其影响。 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。 Ⅰ.明主旨大意 What's the main idea of the text? A．The stories of sailors. B．Ocean exploration changed human history. C．Ocean exploration of China. D．The change of the ocean transport. 答案　B Ⅱ.绘层次结构 Match the main idea with each paragraph. Para.1　 A．The future of China to reach out across the sea. Para.2 B．The meaning of trade and curiosity. Para.3 C．The ancient Silk Road. Para.4 D．The Ming Dynasty's relations with some regions. Para.5 E．The ancient sea routes revisited. Para.6 F．The aim of the Belt and Road Initiative. Para.7 G．The other Chinese important projects. 答案　Paras.1～7　BCDEFGA Read the text (P26～27), then choose the best answer. 1．Why did the early explorers search for sea routes? A．To find the sea routes from east to west. B．To discover the mysteries of the sea. C．Being driven by curiosity and the need to trade. D．Being inspired by Marco Polo's tales. 答案　C 2．How did ancient China trade with other countries? A．Through the Silk Road and sea routes. B．Through negotiations with other countries at home. C．By inviting foreign merchants to China. D．By overland trading. 答案　A 3．How can we describe Zheng He's voyages at that time? A．Astonishing.　　　 B．Disappointing. C．Frightening. D．Encouraging. 答案　A 4．What's the aim of the Belt and Road Initiative? A．To transform the historic Silk Road. B．To encourage trade and cooperation with other countries. C．To create a worldwide trading atmosphere. D．To search for new trading and cultural exchange partners. 答案　B Ⅰ.解决长难句 1. 不定式短语作　主语　 　　　　　↑ To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations. [尝试翻译]　 早期文明的人们对勾勒出完整的世界版图满怀激情。 2. 让步状语　从句 ↑ Although the ancient sea routes of Zheng He have been travelled many times, there are still many other places left to explore. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　↓ 　　　　　　　过去分词短语作　后置定语　 [尝试翻译]　　尽管郑和的古代海上路线已经重走很多次了，但仍有许多其他地方有待探索。　 3. with复合结构作　状语 ↑ Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.　　　　　　↓　　　　　　　　　　　　↓ 　　　　　不定式作　定语　　　　　　不定式短语作宾语补足语 [尝试翻译]　 数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。 Ⅱ.课文语法填空 Trade and curiosity have often formed the foundation of mankind's greatest achievements.1. Merchants (merchant) and explorers from the East set sail from east to west many years before Columbus first did. In ancient times, silk from China found its way along 2. what became known as the Silk Road, 3. extending (extend) along the coasts of the Indian Ocean, centred around Ceylon.Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, 4. which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures. Later, the Ming Dynasty sent seven large 5. fleets (fleet) to sail west on voyages of trade and exploration.6. Under the command of Zheng He, they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa.Although China 7. withdrew (withdraw) from further expeditions after 1433, these land and sea routes remained active channels between other cultures for centuries. To reach out across the sea 8. remains (remain) a strong desire today.The aim of the Belt and Road Initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and 9. strengthen (strength) the bonds between China and the rest of the world.China has invested billions in systems and services along these routes.China has also joined its friends across the sea on other important projects.The need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China 10. to reach (reach) out across the sea far into the future. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$