U3 Period Ⅲ Grammar and usage-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

选择性必修第三册 Unit 3　Back to the past Period Ⅲ　Grammar and usage 单元语法：Predicative clauses (表语从句) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 [语法体会] ①The major contribution of this great explorer is that he“discovered” the New World. ②His chief concern was whether he could do his job more effectively and efficiently. ③Learning and travelling were exactly what helped him in his later career as a historian. ④That is also why more and more people have turned to online learning these days. ⑤Besides the history classes at school，we also visit historic destinations.That is where we learn about important events in history. 我的发现： 以上各句中的表语均由_______充当，我们称之为________从句。句①中的表语从句由that引导，用于陈述事实；句②中的表语从句由whether引导，意为“________”，用于表达“是与否”的一般疑问；句③中的表语从句由连接________what引导，意为“什么”，在从句中作________，用于表达特殊疑问；句④⑤中的表语从句分别由连接________why和where引导，在从句中作_______，用于表达特殊疑问。 从句 表语　 是否 代词 主语 副词 状语 [知识精要] 一、表语从句的含义 表语从句就是在连系动词之后作表语的从句。这种从句往往是表述主句主语的内容和性质。 二、表语从句的连接词 引导表语从句的连接词有连接代词(who, whom, whose，what，which, whoever, whomever, whatever, whichever 等)、连接副词(when, where, how, why，whenever, wherever等)以及that，whether，as if/as though等。 1. that引导的表语从句 that引导表语从句时仅起连接作用，无任何意义，在从句中不作任何成分，但不可省略。 But the bottom line is that I shouldn't lie to my kids. 但底线是我不应该对我的孩子们撒谎。 [名师点津]　如果主句的主语是表示建议、命令等的名词(如advice，suggestion，proposal，order等)，那么表语从句要用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。 My suggestion is that we all (should) take an active part in the coming sports meeting. 我的建议是我们都应该积极参与即将到来的运动会。 2. whether引导的表语从句 whether引导表语从句时起连接作用，意为“是否”，但在从句中不作任何成分。 The question is whether we can rely on him. 问题是我们能否信任他。 [名师点津]　if 不能引导表语从句。 3．连接代词引导的表语从句 连接代词what, who, whom, whose, which等引导表语从句时，除了在句子中起连接作用外，还在从句中作成分。 Making a full－length clay figure would not exhaust my strength—and that is what I intend to do! 做一个完整的长泥人不会耗尽我的力量——这就是我打算做的！ The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. 问题是谁才真正适合这份艰苦的工作。 4．连接副词引导的表语从句 连接副词where, when, why, how 等引导表语从句时，除在句中起连接作用外，还在从句中充当地点、时间、原因、方式等状语，本身有词义。 That's where I can't agree with you. 那就是我不同意你的地方。 This is why Sara was late for class. 这就是萨拉上课迟到的原因。 5．as if/as though引导的表语从句 as if/as though引导的表语从句常置于系动词look, seem，sound，be，become，feel等后面。 I didn't feel as though I needed to keep up with anybody else. 我不觉得我需要跟上其他人。 It looks as if it is going to snow. 看起来要下雪了。 It seems as if he doesn't know the answer. 看起来他好像不知道答案。 [即学即练1]——单句语法填空 ①One idea is ______ sleep helps us strengthen new memories.That's ________ students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep after learning. ②This is _______ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best. ③Without your timely help, we wouldn't be _________ we are now. that why what where ④Taking a boat is the only way to get there，which is ______ we arrived. ⑤The doctor's advice is that we ____________ (wear) a mask while going out. ⑥Her parents' concern is __________ she can recover in time for the competition. how (should) wear whether 三、表语从句的特殊句式 1．This/That/It is/was because...这 /那是因为…… 句中because引导表语从句，this/that/it表示结果，从句表示原因。 He was sent to the hospital.That's because he was ill. 他被送到了医院。那是因为他病了。 2．This/That/It is/was why...这 /那就是……的原因。 句中why引导表语从句，this/that/it表示原因，从句表示结果。 He was ill.That's why he was sent to the hospital. 他病了。这就是他被送进医院的原因。 3. The reason why...is/was that...……的原因是…… 句中why引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason，that引导表语从句。 The reason why he was sent to the hospital was that he was ill. 他被送到医院的原因是他病了。 [即学即练2]——完成句子 ①他帮助那位老人过马路。这就是他上课迟到的原因。 He helped the old man cross the road.______________ he was late for class. ②大多数人喜欢旅游的原因是他们可以感受大自然的美景，同时还可以呼吸新鲜的空气。 ________________________________________ they can feel the beauty of nature and breathe the fresh air at the same time. That's why The reason why most people like traveling is that 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．The truth is _______ we are lucky enough to have clean water whenever we want, but this is not the case for many people around the world. 2．The argument is ________ it is wise to buy such an expensive bike for a child. that whether 3．That's ______ makes the act of rereading so rich and transformative. 4．My question is ______ you could finish the tough task in such a short time. 5．The teacher's confusion is ________ the hard－working girl was absent from school yesterday. 6．The villagers' worry is ______ the heavy rain will stop. what how why when Ⅱ.完成句子 1．好消息是，它很容易学习，值得努力。 _____________________ it's simple to learn and can be worth the effort. 2．问题是在这个陌生的城市里我们可以向谁求助。 ____________________________________________ in the strange city. The good news is that The question is who we can turn to for help 3．看起来他似乎做了一件大事。 _________________ he had done a great thing. 4．她去商店和电影院很方便。这就是她喜欢城市生活的原因。 She can have easy access to shops and cinemas.________________ she has a preference for city life. 5．他从一棵很高的树上摔下来，那就是他弄伤腿的原因。 ____________________________________ he fell from a tall tree. It seemed as if That's why The reason why he hurt his leg is that 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．That street is ____________ he found the abandoned boy. 2．This is something positive that I can do for them, which is ____________ I like most about it. 3．The question is ____________ the film is worth watching. where what　 whether 4．The implication of these results is _____ to gain the greatest health benefits from exercise, it may be wise to skip eating first. 5．The other boys made fun of Toby's new hairstyle.This is ______ he is unhappy. 6．I imagine this is _______ foreigners feel when they visit China! that why how Ⅱ.完成句子 1．我觉得高中生活就像昨天发生的事一样历历在目！ I feel ________________________________________! 2. 这是因为他真的很喜欢教中国文学。 ____________________ he really enjoys teaching Chinese literature. 3．我的建议是你不应该沉迷于网络游戏。 ______________________________________________ online games. 4．问题是谁能代替王先生出席会议。 ______________________________________ Mr.Wang to attend the meeting. as if high school were only yesterday This is because My advice is that you should not abandon yourself to The question is who can take the place of Ⅲ.阅读理解 Sound echoing within caves may have also influenced what early humans put on rock walls.Thousands of years ago, early humans adventured deep within a cave, where sound bounced off the walls.Perhaps by either speaking or walking, they generated the sound remindful of a hoof.To represent this sound, they drew a hoofed animal. They would have been using the same skills that facilitated the earlier development of language, theorizes a new study.“Our research suggests that the cognitive mechanisms (认知机制) necessary for the development of cave and rock art are likely to be similar to those employed in the expression of the symbolic thinking required for language，” says Cora Leisure, a linguist at MIT and one of the study's authors. Whether or not this art would have shaped how language further developed is doubtful.The study's researchers note that language is thought to have evolved around 100，000 years ago.And the oldest forms of cave art found date back roughly 40，000 years.“We could assume that human language emerged as an abstract symbolic system, while its expression—in the form of cave and rock art, or any other modality—may have appeared very late，” says Vitor Nobrega, a linguist at the University of Sao Paulo and author on the study. The markings, they suggest, are external representations of internalized thought.“It's a theory contrary to a belief among archaeologists (考古学家) that language doesn't fossilize，” says Lesure, adding that their study doesn't outright say the cave art they looked at equals language, only that the same cognitive functions may have been present. Archaeologists have theorized early evidence of language can be found in objects like converted bones that may have been used for anything from counting days to taking attendance.But they are still searching for some of the first physical evidence of linguistic capabilities.The sound factor is an important one to consider, but it was not the only explanation for why people made marks in the places they did. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古代洞穴绘画与早期人类语言的联系。 1．Why does the author mention early humans in paragraph 1? A．To present an idea. B．To clarify a concept. C．To introduce the topic. D．To provide background information. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第一段的内容和第二段中的“They would have been... theorizes a new study.”可推知，作者在第一段中提到了早期人类是为了引出文章主题——古代洞穴绘画与早期人类语言的联系。故选C。 2 3 1 4 2．What can we know about the cave art according to the new study? A．It is identical to language. B．It appeared later than human language. C．It can further language development. D．It can help identify when humans began speaking. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The study's researchers...roughly 40，000 years.”可知，根据新的研究，洞穴艺术的出现比人类语言要晚。故选B。 2 3 1 4 3．What is the archaeologists' attitude to the origin of language? A．Uncertain.　　　　　　 B．Doubtful. C．Approving D．Indifferent. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Archaeologists have theorized...evidence of linguistic capabilities.”可推知，考古学家对语言的起源是不确定的。故选A。 2 3 1 4 4．Which can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Evolution of Ancient Language B．A New Study of Ancient Cave Drawing C．Ancient Cave Art Influenced by Echoing Sound D．Ancient Cave Drawing and Early Human Language Linked 答案：D 2 3 1 4 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了古代洞穴绘画与早期人类语言的联系，D项“古代洞穴绘画与早期人类语言的联系”适合作为文章标题。故选D。 2 3 1 4 Ⅳ.完形填空 During the 2006 World Cup in Germany I worked as a volunteer in an information booth (问讯处).It was great fun, and all the visiting fans were really 1 ， including the English.I was very 2 about the result since before that I had been 3 to be careful of English football hooligans (足球流氓). Some of the England fans had come by car and 4 in the city instead of out by the stadium.A few of them 5 at our booth because they couldn't find their cars after the 6 ．They were quite 7 ， though, that they had written down the name of the 8 they had parked on.They showed me a piece of paper that had “Einbahnstraße” written on it.I then had to 9 that this wasn't a street name, but a(n) 10 ， saying “One-Way Street”．I did 11 to find their cars, though. Two days after the England game, a young man ran into the booth.He was 12 because he had gotten so drunk after the game that he had fallen asleep in a bush and 13 his plane back home.Since he didn't have any money, I called his mum and then booked him a flight.His mum sent me a thank-you letter for 14 her son. All of them were absolutely lovely.It just goes to show that one bad apple doesn't 15 the whole bunch. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在2006年德国世界杯期间作为一名志愿者在问讯处工作的愉快经历。 2 3 1 4 1．A.funny B．rude C．nice D．grateful 答案：C 根据上文“It was great fun”和下文“to be careful of English football hooligans”可知，此处是指这段经历很有趣，因此推断，来访的球迷都很友好，并没有闹事。故选C项。 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.curious B．disappointed C．nervous D．happy 答案：D 根据上文“It was great fun”和下文“since before that...to be careful of English football hooligans”可知，作者对这个结果感到非常高兴。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.noticed B．warned C．exploited D．dedicated 答案：B 根据下文“be careful of English football hooligans”可知，作者被警告要小心英国足球流氓。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.parked B．withdrew C．settled D．wandered 答案：A 根据上文“come by car”以及下文“they couldn't find their cars”可知，一些英国球迷开车过来，还把车停在城里而不是停在体育场旁边。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5．A.ended up B．broke down C．set off D．checked out 答案：A 根据下文“they couldn't find their cars after the 6 ”可知，一些英国球迷在比赛后找不到自己的车，最终来到了作者所在的问讯处。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.conference B．concert C．match D．performance 答案：C 根据上文“During the 2006 World Cup in Germany”可知，他们是在比赛后找不到自己的车。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.awkward B．helpless C．shameful D．proud 答案：D 根据下文“though, that they had written down the name of the 8 they had parked on”可知，虽然找不到车，但是引文写下了停车街道的名字，因此他们感到很自豪。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.stadium B．street C．platform D．shelter 答案：B 根据下文“they had parked on”及“this wasn't a street name”可知，他们写下了他们停车的街道的名字。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.explain B．admit C．accuse D．deny 答案：A 根据下文“that this wasn't a street name, but a(n) 10 ， saying ‘One-Way Street’．”可知，我们向他们解释，这不是一个街道名称，而是一个写着“单向街”的标志。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.evidence B．motto C．sign D．advertisement 答案：C 根据下文“One-Way Street”可知，这是一个写着“单向街”的标志。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.expect B．hesitate C．deserve D．manage 答案：D 根据下文“to find their cars, though”可知，作者是设法找到了车，manage to do sth.“设法做某事”。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.excited B．anxious C．confused D．serious 答案：B 根据下文“because he had...have any money”可知，男子喝醉了，误了回家的飞机，而且没有钱。由此可知，男子应该是焦虑的。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.missed B．delayed C．boarded D．changed 答案：A 根据“because he had...fallen asleep in a bush”可知，男子喝醉了，误了回家的飞机。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.relaying to B．attending to C．looking for D．taking over 答案：B 根据上文“ Since he didn't have...sent me a thank-you letter”可知，作者给醉酒男子的妈妈打了电话，并给他预订了航班，因此他妈妈给作者寄了一封感谢信，感谢作者照顾她的儿子。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.include B．remind C．spoil D．rescue 答案：C 根据上文“that I had been 3 to be careful of English football hooligans”及“All of them were absolutely lovely.”可知，故事表明一个坏苹果不会毁掉整堆苹果，并不是所有的英国球迷都不好。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅴ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统工艺“点翠”技艺的历史、特点、工艺和价值。 Decoration with feathers is a universal phenomenon in human history.In the past, objects 1. (decorate) with feathers were regarded as fine art works and therefore were 2. (enormous) prized. 1．考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词were regarded as，所以decorate用非谓语形式，objects与decorate之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填decorated。 答案：decorated 2．考查词性转换。空处修饰动词prized应用副词形式，enormous是形容词，其副词形式是enormously，意为“非常地”。故填enormously。 答案：enormously In this subject, Chinese tradition plays a(n) 3. (replaceable) role.In ancient China, kingfisher (翠鸟) feathers, with blue or violet colors, 4. (consider) one of the best materials for luxury decoration.These feathers possess 5. unique quality that allows them to display a remarkable range of colors when hit by light. 3．考查词性转换。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，此处表示“不可替代的角色”，应用irreplaceable作定语，意为“不可替代的”。故填irreplaceable。 答案： irreplaceable 4．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。consider作本句的谓语，和主语kingfisher feathers之间是被动关系，用被动语态，根据时间状语In ancient China可知，用一般过去时，主语为复数。故填were considered。 答案：were considered 5．考查冠词。quality“质量，品质”是可数名词，此处泛指“一种品质”，前应用不定冠词修饰，unique的发音以辅音音素开头，用a修饰。故填a。 答案： a Dotting a surface with kingfisher feathers was called diancui， 6. is a major traditional feather decoration technique in China.Dating back to the Warring States Period, this technique became very popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties 7. reached its height in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It represented an invaluable part of the nation's history and demonstrated the creativity and 8. (original) of the Chinese people. 6．考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是diancui，且关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 答案：which 7．考查连词。分析句子可知，“became very popular in the Tang and Song Dynasties”和“reached its height in the Ming and Qing Dynasties”是并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 答案： and   8．考查词性转换。根据上文“creativity and”可知，空处应填名词和creativity并列作宾语，original的名词形式是originality。故填originality。 答案：originality The diancui technique was complex, standing out 9. a shining example of craftsmanship (工匠精神).Craftsman put the feather of a kingfisher on a base metal and adjusted the tiny structure and materials 10. (obtain) various color effects.This showed a high level of artistic achievement. 9．考查介词。此处是固定搭配：stand out as意为“作为……脱颖而出”。故填as。 答案：as 10．考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词put和adjusted，所以obtain用非谓语形式，根据句意可知，此处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to obtain。 答案：to obtain $$