U3 Period Ⅰ Welcome to the unit -【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

选择性必修第三册 Unit 3　Back to the past 【单元话题词汇】 Period Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Comprehending 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　教材原文助读   Sailing the oceans Zheng He In the summer of 1405, Zheng He, one of China's greatest explorers①， set sail②from Taicang on his first voyage③.A fleet④ of over 200 ships navigated⑤ the blue seas, with almost 28，000 people on board⑥， which was a splendid scene.It would take 500 years before a larger fleet sailed the seas.According to some records⑦， the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, demonstrating⑧ the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing⑨ ships. 本句为复合句。with almost 28，000 people on board 是“with＋宾语＋介词短语”的复合结构；which在句中引导非限制性定语从句。 本句为复合句。it代指时间，before引导时间状语从句。 本句为简单句。demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships是现在分词短语作状语，其中used in constructing ships是过去分词短语作定语。 ①explorer n．探险家；勘探者 explore vt.& vi.探索；探测；探究 exploration n．勘探；探测；探险 ②set sail起航，扬帆 ③voyage/'vɔIIdʒ/n.航海，航行，航天 vi.航行，远行 ④fleet/fliːt/n.舰队；捕鱼船队；车队 a fleet of 一队 ⑤navigate/'nævIɡeIt/vt. 航行；导航vi.导航 navigation n．导航；领航；航行 navigator n．航行者，航海者，驾驶员，领航员 ⑥on board 在船上，在飞机上 ⑦record n．记录；纪录 v．记录，记载；录音 ⑧demonstrate v．证明；证实；表现；示范；演示 demonstration n．示范；演示；证明；证实 ⑨construct vt.建设；建筑 construction n．建设；建筑物 under construction 正在建设中 constructive adj.建设性的 碧海远航 郑和 1405年夏，中国一位最伟大的探险家郑和从太仓起锚，开启了他的首次远航。一支由200多艘船只组成的船队在蓝色的大海上航行，船上有近2.8万人，场面十分壮观。比之规模更大的航海船队直到500年后才出现。据史料记载，郑和船队最大的船长逾140米，可知其造船技术之高超，工艺之独特。 Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of⑩ the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of⑪ seven voyages.His ships were loaded⑫ with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, and the fleet paid friendly visits to⑬ more than 30 countries and regions.He even sailed as far as the east coast of Africa.As they sailed, the navigators took compass⑭ readings, kept logs⑮ of their voyages and charted⑯ the coast.Later the detailed maps became Zheng He's Navigation Map. 本句为复合句。as引导时间状语从句。 ⑩on behalf/bI'hɑːf/ of 代表(或代替)；为帮助；为了 ⑪a total of 总共；总数 in total 共计 totally adv.完全地，彻底地 ⑫load/ləʊd/vt.& vi.装上，装入 n．负载；承载量；大量 ⑬pay visits to/pay a visit to探望；去参观；拜访 ⑭compass/'kʌmpəs/n.罗盘，指南针；圆规 ⑮log/lɒɡ/n.航海日志，正式记录；原木vi.& vt.伐木 keep logs of记录 ⑯chart vt.记录，跟踪，绘制区域地图n.图表；海图 1405年到1433年期间，郑和代表明朝总共进行了七次航行。他的船满载瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他奇珍异宝作为馈赠异邦君王的礼品，船队还对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。他最远甚至抵达了非洲东海岸。海员们一路上记录罗盘刻度，书写航海日志，绘制海岸地图。这些详细的地图后来成为《郑和航海图》。 Zheng He's seven voyages had a far-reaching impact on⑰ China and its neighbours.In the countries and regions where Zheng He set foot⑱， legends have been passed on⑲ about this great explorer.Zheng He's efforts helped develop and strengthen⑳ harmonious㉑ relations with these countries and regions, exposing foreign people to㉒ Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands㉓. 本句为复合句。where在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词the countries and regions。 本句为简单句。exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands 是并列的现在分词短语作状语。 ⑰have an impact on 对……有影响 ⑱set foot踏上；踏足；踏进 ⑲pass on传递(信息)；将……传给；将……交给；将……转移给 ⑳strengthen/'streŋθn/vt.& vi.加强，增强 ㉑harmonious/hɑː'məʊniəs/adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的 ㉒expose...to使显露；暴露 ㉓allow sb.to do sth.允许(某人)做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事 郑和七次下西洋对中国及其邻国产生了深远影响。在郑和到访过的国家和地区，至今流传着有关这位伟大探险家的传说。郑和的努力有助于发展和巩固中国与这些国家和地区的和睦关系，促进中国文化的对外传播，也增进了中国对海外诸邦的了解。 For many years, some historians dismissed㉔ the records of these voyages as legends.The final proof㉕ came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing, where the fleet had been built.Zheng He's accomplishments㉖ are now widely acknowledged㉗，and he is remembered as㉘ one of China's most influential㉙ explorers. 本句为复合句。when引导时间状语从句，where引导定语从句。 ㉔dismiss/dIs'mIs/vt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 ㉕proof/pruːf/n.证据，证明 ㉖accomplishment n．成就；成绩；完成 accomplish v．完成；达成 ㉗acknowledge/ək'nɒlIdʒ/ vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 acknowledgement n．承认；感谢 ㉘be remembered as作为……被铭记 ㉙influential/ˌInflu'enʃl/ adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的 influence n．影响，作用；支配力，控制力，影响力v.影响；对……起作用；支配，左右 多年来，一些历史学家把这些航海记录当作传说而不予理会。后来，铁证出现了，在南京发现了一个巨大的造船厂，当年郑和的船便在此处建造。郑和的成就现在受到广泛认可，他也作为中国最具影响力的探险家之一被世人铭记。 Christopher Columbus Those who make great discoveries must often overcome㉚ many challenges along the way—as was the case㉛ with the explorer Christopher Columbus.Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451.As a teenager, he loved sailing，and he showed great interest in geography，which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman. 本句为复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those；as引导非限制性定语从句。 ㉚overcome v．克服；解决；战胜 ㉛case n．情况，案件 as is often the case通常就是这样 克里斯托弗·哥伦布 凡取得伟大发现的人，往往必须战胜重重磨难，探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布便是如此。1451年，哥伦布生于意大利一个港口城市。少年时代他就喜爱航海，对地理表现出极大的兴趣。这些激励他开始了海员生涯。 Columbus insisted㉜ on searching for㉝ a direct sea route㉞ to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.After continuous attempts㉟， he received financial㊱ support from the King and Queen of Spain.On 3 August 1492, he departed㊲ from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen.The journey was full of㊳ challenges㊴：it took longer than expected, they faced a shortage㊵ of food, and one of the ships was leaking㊶ badly, which put everyone on this ship in grave danger㊷.The men on board were in panic㊸.Regardless㊹ of all the challenges，Columbus managed to㊺ keep everyone out of danger with his knowledge and bravery across the ocean.Finally，on 12 October, the crew spotted land in the distance㊻.Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced㊼ that he was in the East Indies. 10 However, the shores they had reached were of the Caribbean, not the East Indies. 11 本句为复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句。 10 本句为复合句。because引导原因状语从句，that引导宾语从句。 11 本句为复合句。they had reached为省略了引导词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词shores。 ㉜insist/In'sIst/vi.& vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 ㉝search for 寻找 in search of寻找 ㉞route/ruːt/n.路线，路途；途径，渠道 ㉟attempt n．努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图 ㊱financial/faI'nænʃl/adj.财政的，金融的，财务的 finance n．金融；财政 ㊲depart/dI'pɑːt/vi.& vt.离开，起程 departure n．离开，起程 ㊳be full of充满……(的) ㊴challenge n．挑战(性) vt.向……挑战 ㊵shortage/'ʃɔːtIdʒ/n.不足，短缺 be short of 短缺，不足 ㊶leak/liːk/vi.漏，渗漏；渗入vt.漏，渗漏；泄露 n．漏洞 ㊷in danger 处于危险中 out of danger脱离危险 ㊸panic/'pænIk/n.惊恐，恐慌vi.& vt.(panicked，panicked)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 ㊹regardless/rI'ɡɑːdləs/adv.不顾，不加理会 regardless of 不管，不顾 ㊺manage to do sth.设法做成某事 succeed in doing sth.成功做成某事 ㊻in the distance在远处 ㊼convince vt.使相信，使确信；说服，劝说 哥伦布决心横渡大西洋，开辟一条直通东印度群岛的航线。经过不懈的尝试，他终于获得了西班牙国王和王后的资助。1492年8月3日，他和约90名船员分乘三艘船从西班牙出发。这次航行中他们饱经磨难：航行时间超过预期，食物储备不足，还有一艘船严重漏水，船上所有人都命悬一线。船上的人们都陷入了恐慌。不顾所有挑战，哥伦布设法凭借自己的知识和勇敢确保每个人都平安越过海洋。终于，10月12日那天，有船员看到远方的陆地。哥伦布深信自己来到了东印度群岛，便将生活在岛上的土著人称为印第安人。然而，他们所到达的海岸其实属于加勒比海地区，而不是东印度群岛。 　Between 1493 and 1504, Columbus found more land over the course of his three subsequent㊽ voyages.The major contribution of this great explorer is that he “discovered” the New World. 12 His discovery inspired explorers such as Captain㊾ James Cook to explore and discover more vast areas of the world.His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed㊿ many important geographical 51 findings. 13 This period also allowed for 52 an international exchange 53 of ideas and cultures. 12 本句为复合句。that引导表语从句。 13 本句为复合句。a period在句中作the Age of Exploration的同位语，which引导定语从句。 ㊽subsequent/'sʌbsIkwənt/adj.随后的，后来的 ㊾captain/'kæptIn/n.船长，机长；上校；队长 ㊿witness vt.目睹；见证 n．目击者；见证人 51 geographical adj.地理的，地理学的 geography n．地理(学)；地形；地貌 geographer n．地理学家 52 allow for 使成为可能；考虑到，把……计算在内 53 exchange n．交换；交流；互换 1493年至1504年间，哥伦布又先后三次出航，途中发现了更多陆地。这位伟大的探险家最大的贡献是“发现”新大陆。他的发现激励了诸如詹姆斯·库克船长这样的探险家去探索和发现世界更广大的区域。他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证了许多重大地理发现的时期。这一时期也实现了思想和文化的国际交流。 Part 2　语篇研析 Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks with suitable words. Sailing the oceans － Zheng He Christopher Columbus The first voyage Departure time In the 1.__________ of 1405 On 3 August 1492 Departure point Taicang 2.____________ Fleet size A fleet of over 200 ships 3.________ ships Number of crew numbers Almost 4.________ people on board 90 crewmen summer Spain Three 28，000 Sailing the oceans Places of arrival As far as the east coast of 5._____ The Caribbean Total number of voyages Seven 6.____________ Significance Zheng He's efforts helped 7._________________________ harmonious relations with the countries and regions where he set foot. Christopher Columbus “discovered”the NewWorld and his voyagesopened a new 8.___________ of the Age of Exploration. Africa Four develop and strengthen chapter Ⅱ.Complete the main idea of the text. The main idea of the text is ________________________________ ______________________________________________． an introduction to the voyages of Zheng He and Christopher Columbus and their significance Read the text carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Why did Zheng He load ships with china，silk，tea and other treasures? A.To sell to earn money. B.To exchange with other countries. C.To give foreign rulers as gifts. D.To use on board. 答案：C 2．What impact did Zheng He's seven voyages have on China and its neighbours? A.To help develop and strengthen harmonious relations between China and its neighbours. B.To help draw the Zheng He's Navigation Map. C.To pay visits to over 30 countries and regions. D.To help develop the economy of the Ming Dynasty. 答案：A 3．What helped prove that the records of Zheng He's voyages were not legends? A.The historian's explanation. B.The enormous shipyard discovered in Nanjing. C.The Zheng He's Navigation Map. D.The gifts to foreign rulers. 答案：B 4．Which of the statements about Christopher Columbus is WRONG? A.Columbus was born in a port city of Italy. B.As a teenager，Columbus loved sailing and drawing maps. C.Columbus's career as a seaman began after he moved to Spain. D.Columbus's journey was full of challenges. 答案：C 5．As explorers, what qualities do Zheng He and Christopher Columbus have in common? A.Adventurous and persistent. B.Brave and modest. C.Ambitious and proud. D.Helpful and generous. 答案：A After reading the text，please fill in the following blanks. Sailing the oceans Zheng He In the summer of 1405, Zheng He, one of China's greatest 1.____________ (explorer), set sail from Taicang on his first voyage with a fleet of over 200 ships navigating the blue seas and almost 28，000 people on board. explorers Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of seven voyages.His ships were loaded 2._______ china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, and the fleet paid friendly visits to more than 30 countries and regions.As a result, the voyages helped develop and 3.____________ (strong) harmonious relations with these countries and regions，4.____________ (expose) foreign people to Chinese culture and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands.Zheng He's accomplishments are now 5.________ (wide) acknowledged, and he is remembered as one of China's most 6.__________ (influence) explorers. with strengthen exposing widely influential Christopher Columbus Columbus was born in a port city of Italy in 1451.As a teenager, he loved sailing, and he showed great interest in geography, which inspired him to begin his career as a seaman.Columbus insisted on searching for 7.____ direct sea route to the East Indies by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean.After receiving financial support from the King and Queen of Spain, he 8.____________ (depart) from Spain with three ships carrying about 90 crewmen on 3 August 1492. a departed Although the journey was full of challenges, the crew spotted land in the distance on 12 October.Columbus was convinced that he was in the East Indies so he called the natives 9._______ (live) on the islands Indians.Between 1493 and 1504, Columbus found more land over the course of his three subsequent voyages，10._________ opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration. living which 1．A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas, with almost 28，000 people on board, which was a splendid scene. [句式分析]　本句为复合句。with almost 28，000 people on board 是“with＋宾语＋介词短语”的复合结构；which在句中引导____________从句。 [自主翻译]　___________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 非限制性定语 一支由200多艘船只组成的船队在蓝色的大海上航行，船上有近2.8万人，场面十分壮观。 2．According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships. [句式分析]　本句为简单句。demonstrating the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships是现在分词短语作________，其中used in constructing ships是过去分词短语作________。 [自主翻译]　___________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 状语 定语 据史料记载，郑和船队最大的船长逾140米，可知其造船技术之高超，工艺之独特。 3．Zheng He's efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions, exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands. [句式分析]　本句为简单句。exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese to better understand overseas lands 是并列的现在分词短语作_______。 [自主翻译]　________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________ 状语 郑和的努力有助于发展和巩固中国与这些国家和地区的和睦关系，促进中国文化的对外传播，也增进了中国对海外诸邦的了解。 4．Those who make great discoveries must often overcome many challenges along the way—as was the case with the explorer Christopher Columbus. [句式分析]　本句为复合句。who引导定语从句，修饰先行词 _________；as引导__________________从句。 [自主翻译]　___________________________________________ ________________________________________________ those　 非限制性定语 凡取得伟大发现的人，往往必须战胜重重磨难，探险家克里斯托弗·哥伦布便是如此。 5．Columbus called the natives living on the islands Indians because he was convinced that he was in the East Indies. [句式分析]　本句为复合句。living on the islands是现在分词短语作______，because引导___________从句，that引导_______从句。 [自主翻译]　___________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 定语 原因状语　 宾语 哥伦布深信自己来到了东印度群岛，便将生活在岛上的土著人称为印第安人。 6．His voyages opened a new chapter of the Age of Exploration, a period which witnessed many important geographical findings. [句式分析]　本句为复合句。a period在句中作________，which引导________从句。 [自主翻译]　____________________________________________ ________________________________________________ 同位语 定语 他的航海活动开启了大航海时代的新篇章，那是一个见证了许多重大地理发现的时期。 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Every day people join archaeologists and artists in finding some of the year's most dramatic discoveries.Below are some examples of 2023. “Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces Archaeologists discovered 18，000 ink-carved pieces of pottery—known as “ostraca”—at the site of Athribis early this year, and among them were hundreds of fragments (碎片) with a single symbol repeated front and back. Those scribbles (潦草的文字) are evidence of “naughty pupils” being made to write lines, according to researchers from Germany's University of Tuebingen.The fragments also included receipts, school texts, trade information and lists of names. Van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait There is one more known Van Gogh's self-portrait in the world, and it was hidden behind a painting of a peasant woman.People made the discovery when they took an X-ray of one of his portraits from 1885 and discovered the artist's own image behind layers of cardboard and glue.While X-rays often reveal how artists changed their compositions, the full self-portrait of Van Gogh came as a huge surprise, who was known to reuse canvases (画布) to save money. Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui The Sanxingdui archaeological site has produced thousands of relics.The latest discovery, reported by Chinese state media in June includes 3，155 objects, a turtle shell-shaped box and a sacrificial altar among them.A team has been digging six places of the site, turning up more than 13，000 objects so far.Last year, the relics they uncovered included a golden mask, ivory artifacts (手工艺品) and a jade knife.The Sanxingdui culture still remains mysterious, as it left behind no written records or human remains, though many believe it to be part of the ancient kingdom of Shu, which ruled along the upper stream of the Yangtze River until it was conquered in 316 BC. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个考古新发现。 2 3 1 1．What made the researchers link the discovery with an ancient punishment? A．Hundreds of fragments.　 B．The repeated symbol. C．The mark of ink. D．Lists of names. 答案：B 细节理解题。根据“Naughty pupils”—ancient punishment method resurfaces中的“among them were...front and back”和“Those scribbles are evidence...University of Tuebingen.”可知，研究人员是根据这些碎片上的重复的符号得出结论，证明这些碎片的内容是调皮的学生所写。故选B项。 2 3 1 2．What can we learn from the newly-discovered Van Gogh's self-portrait? A．It was hidden behind a peasant woman. B．The X-ray discovered the composition of the cardboard. C．Van Gogh hid his self-portrait in this way to save money. D．Van Gogh in the self-portrait looks outside. 答案：C 2 3 1 细节理解题。根据Van Gogh peers out in hidden portrait中“While X-rays often...to save money.”可知，凡·高是为了省钱才将自画像隐藏在一幅画中。故选C项。 2 3 1 3．Which was the newly-unearthed relic of 2023 in Sanxingdui site? A．An artificial altar. B．A jade knife. C．Human remains. D．A turtle shell-shaped box. 答案：D 2 3 1 细节理解题。根据Another treasure collection from Sanxingdui中“The latest discovery...a sacrificial altar among them.”可知，2023年三星堆遗址新出土的器物包括一个龟壳形状的盒子。故选D项。 2 3 1 B A huge fire broke out (爆发) on 2 September 1666 in London.The fire, known as the Great Fire of London, was the worst fire in the history of London.It burned down (烧毁) more than three quarters of the old city. The fire started in the very early hours of Sunday morning in the house of the king's baker.A strong wind blew the fire from the baker's house into a small hotel next door.Then it spread quickly into Thames Street.That was the beginning. At that time, most of the buildings in London were made of wood, so it was easy for the fire to spread quickly.By eight o'clock, three hundred houses were on fire.By Monday, nearly a kilometre of the city was burning along the Thames River.On Tuesday, which was considered the worst day, the fire destroyed many well-known buildings, including the old St Paul's Cathedral. The fire burned until finally hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire were destroyed to create a firebreak．The fire then died out eventually with nothing left to burn. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了发生在1666年伦敦的一次大火灾，介绍了它的起因，火势的扩大，造成的伤亡以及最后的结局。 4 5 6 7 4．Why is the fire of 1666 called the Great Fire of London? A．The fire broke out in the capital of England. B．People in England will never forget the fire. C．The fire was the worst fire in the history of London. D．The fire spread fast into Thames Street. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The fire，known as...of the old city.”可知，火灾造成了很大损失，这是伦敦历史上最严重的火灾，所以被叫作伦敦大火灾。故选C项。 4 5 6 7 5．Where did the fire break out? A．In Thames Street. B．In the house of the king's baker. C．In the house of the baker's neighbour. D．In St Paul's Cathedral. 答案：B 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The fire started in the very...of the king's baker.”可知，这场火灾是在国王面包师的家里爆发的。故选B项。 4 5 6 7 6．Why did the fire spread quickly? A．Most of the buildings in London were wooden. B．It broke out on a Sunday morning. C．A hotel was next to the baker's house. D．It started in a baker's house. 答案：A 4 5 6 7 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At that time...to spread quickly.”可知，当时伦敦的很多建筑都是木头建造的，所以火灾很容易迅速蔓延。故选A项。 4 5 6 7 7．What is the meaning of the underlined word “firebreak”？ A．A bell or other device that gives people warning of a fire in a building. B．A bright ball of fire, especially one at the centre of an explosion. C．A special vehicle that carries equipment for fighting large fires. D．A thing that stops the fire from spreading, for example a strip of land that has been cleared. 答案：D 4 5 6 7 词义猜测题。根据画线单词前的“The fire burned until...destroyed to create”以及下文“The fire then...nothing left to burn.”可知，大火一直在烧，直到数百栋建筑被毁后才结束，由此可知，这些建筑被烧毁后应该是形成了一个可以阻止火势继续蔓延的东西，所以大火才会停止。因此，画线单词的意思应与“一个阻止火势继续蔓延的东西”意义相近。故选D项。 4 5 6 7 C Born in Wales in 1950, Martin Lockley was a pioneer in the study of dinosaur tracks and footprints preserved in rocks around the world.His work helped his fellow paleontologists (古生物学家) understand what the footprints can tell us about dinosaurs and the world that they lived in. The footprints and tracks left behind by dinosaurs and other prehistoric animals are called trace fossils (痕迹化石).They can offer clues to how quickly an animal walked or ran and even what their skin may have looked like.Compared with the body fossils of bones and teeth, trace fossils contain evidence of the interactions that the animals had with their environment and can describe what the physical environment may have looked like.They offer a more reliable way to imagine the speed of a dinosaur than analyzing the bones. Lockley's mother and father were nature lovers.Lockley loved to observe nature.His father inspired him to “just go out and observe and trust your observations”， which proved important in Lockley's launching his future career in dinosaur research.He took that advice with him to Gunnison, southwest of Denver, the United States.While North America is home to some of the largest number of fossil footprints in the world, Lockley's work with prints and his father's words took him far and wide.He explored fossil and track sites in China, Republic of Korea, Spain and the United Kingdom. In addition to finding the tracks, Lockley devoted time and energy to preserving these important parts of the fossil record.This includes guiding the politics needed to create UNESCO world heritage sites so that future generations wouldn't lose out on these precious relics of the past. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Martin Lockley是研究世界各地岩石中保存的恐龙足迹的先驱。他的工作帮助他的古生物学家同行们了解了这些脚印能告诉我们的关于恐龙和它们生活的世界的信息。 8．What can we know about trace fossils? A．They can reflect the then environment. B．They are mainly left by some larger animals. C．They can be easier to preserve than teeth fossils. D．They are as accurate as bone fossils in analyzing animals' speed. 答案：A 8 9 10 11 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Compared with the body...analyzing the bones.”可知，痕迹化石可以反映当时的环境情况。故选A。 8 9 10 11 9．What contributes to Lockley's beginning his career in dinosaur tracks? A．His family's tradition. B．His father's encouragement. C．His love for dinosaurs and their footprints. D．His desire to find the largest dinosaur track site. 答案：B 8 9 10 11 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His father inspired...in dinosaur research.”可知，Lockley开启他的恐龙化石事业是受到他父亲的鼓励。故选B。 8 9 10 11 10．What did Lockley do besides his professional research? A．He explored places of interest around the world. B．He guided fellow paleontologists in their work. C．He conserved and promoted dinosaur track sites. D．He educated the next generation of track hunters. 答案：C 8 9 10 11 细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Lockley除了自己的专业研究，还致力于保护和推广恐龙足迹遗址。故选C。 8 9 10 11 11．Which can best describe Lockley's work? A．Dangerous.　　　　　　 B．Time-consuming. C．Far-reaching. D．Demanding. 答案：C 8 9 10 11 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“His work helped...that they lived in.”以及最后一段的内容可推知，Lockley的工作影响深远。故选C。 8 9 10 11 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国的航海历史以及意义。 In 1999, journalist Nicholas D．Kristof reported a surprising encounter on a tiny African island.Here, Kristof met a number of elderly men who told him that they were descendants of Chinese sailors many centuries ago.Their ancestors had traded with local Africans, who had given them giraffes to take back to China. 1 1 2 3 4 5 A.Zheng He's great voyage started at the port of Nanjing. B．Seven times, the treasure fleets set sail for the unknown. C．Apart from the economic impact, there was more cultural print. D．The actual economic impact of the expedition was difficult to evaluate. E．Zheng He exchanged China's products for foreign luxuries and daily products. F．Instead, it was intended to facilitate international and trade relationships with others. G．If it's true, this remote village is evidence of an episode of maritime exploration in China. 答案：G 1 2 3 4 5 空处为本段最后一句，故应总结并评价上文这一故事，且G选项中的China对应上文的Chinese。故G选项“如果这是真的，那么这个偏远的村庄就是中国海上探险的一个片段”符合语境。故选G。 1 2 3 4 5 Six centuries ago, a large number of Chinese ships crossed the sea, and then travelled west to East Africa. 2 These great expeditions brought a vast web of trading links under Chinese government control. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A.Zheng He's great voyage started at the port of Nanjing. B．Seven times, the treasure fleets set sail for the unknown. C．Apart from the economic impact, there was more cultural print. D．The actual economic impact of the expedition was difficult to evaluate. E．Zheng He exchanged China's products for foreign luxuries and daily products. F．Instead, it was intended to facilitate international and trade relationships with others. G．If it's true, this remote village is evidence of an episode of maritime exploration in China. 答案：B 根据上下文的内容可知，空处主要描述中国船只航海的情况。B项“七次，宝藏舰队向未知的地方启航”符合语境。故选B。 1 2 3 4 5 3 Most of the trading involved spices, wood, and medicines.Zheng He brought them back to the capital.Although these goods were mainly presented to the emperor for his consumption and disposal, foreign ambassadors coming to China were permitted to trade with locals in the capital for handsome profits, which also allowed ordinary Chinese to benefit from international trade. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A.Zheng He's great voyage started at the port of Nanjing. B．Seven times, the treasure fleets set sail for the unknown. C．Apart from the economic impact, there was more cultural print. D．The actual economic impact of the expedition was difficult to evaluate. E．Zheng He exchanged China's products for foreign luxuries and daily products. F．Instead, it was intended to facilitate international and trade relationships with others. G．If it's true, this remote village is evidence of an episode of maritime exploration in China. 答案：E 根据下文的内容可知，本段主要说明了中国航海贸易的商品。E项“郑和用中国的产品换取外国的奢侈品和日用品”符合语境。故选E。 1 2 3 4 5 4 In the regions they visited, Zheng He and his fleet remained a long-lasting theme in popular Southeast Asia folk tales.Two surviving records of the expeditions provide detailed accounts of unique Chinese navigation technologies of the time, leaving Chinese rich maritime legacy (遗产) to later generations. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A.Zheng He's great voyage started at the port of Nanjing. B．Seven times, the treasure fleets set sail for the unknown. C．Apart from the economic impact, there was more cultural print. D．The actual economic impact of the expedition was difficult to evaluate. E．Zheng He exchanged China's products for foreign luxuries and daily products. F．Instead, it was intended to facilitate international and trade relationships with others. G．If it's true, this remote village is evidence of an episode of maritime exploration in China. 答案：C 下文提到了中国航海技术为后人留下了丰富的航海遗产，即属于文化方面的影响。C项“除了经济影响，还有更多的文化影响”符合语境。故选C。 1 2 3 4 5 However, the Chinese expedition never sought to establish colonial (殖民的) rule over these oceans by military force. 5 China's maritime dominance disappeared suddenly in the 1430s because of domestic changes, and the overseas expeditions were eventually ended by the court.All this happened only decades before the occurrence of the great age of European discovery and exploration. 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A.Zheng He's great voyage started at the port of Nanjing. B．Seven times, the treasure fleets set sail for the unknown. C．Apart from the economic impact, there was more cultural print. D．The actual economic impact of the expedition was difficult to evaluate. E．Zheng He exchanged China's products for foreign luxuries and daily products. F．Instead, it was intended to facilitate international and trade relationships with others. G．If it's true, this remote village is evidence of an episode of maritime exploration in China. 答案：F 空处主要解释说明中国探险的真正目的。F项“相反，它的目的是促进与其他国家的国际和贸易关系”符合语境。故选F。 1 2 3 4 5 $$