U3 单元基础知识回顾-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

选择性必修第二册 Unit 3　Fit for life 单元基础知识回顾 【限时：30分钟】  Ⅰ.语境识词——写出下列词汇在句中的词性和词义 1．affect/ə'fekt/ (1)Deeply affected by the film，we couldn't hold back tears. ____________ (2)Honestly speaking，the coming－of－age ceremony affects me greatly.____________ (3)Diseases affect almost everyone physically and mentally at some time during their lives.________________ vt.深深打动 vt.影响 vt.侵袭，使感染 2．contract/kən'trækt/ (1)More than 100 people have died after contracting the disease over the past 2 years.____________ (2)Under the terms of the contract, the job should have been finished yesterday.____________ (3)Having contracted with them to do the repairs, we cannot withdraw now._________________________ (4)Our business has contracted a lot recently.__________ vt.感染(疾病) n.合同，合约 vt.与……订立合同(或契约) vi.缩小 3．relate/rI'leIt/ (1)I find that words are not enough to relate such a wonder I have seen.____________ (2)I found it difficult to relate the two ideas in my mind. ______________________ vt.叙述，讲述 vt.联系，使有联系 4．means/miːnz/ (1)We're amazed at the means by which ancient Egyptians moved the stones.____________ (2)Private school fees are beyond the means of most people.____________ n.方法，方式 n.财富，钱财 5．fundamental/ˌfʌndə'mentl/ (1)The master taught his fellow students the fundamentals of the job.____________________________________ (2)The country put forward a fundamental approach to preventing the war in the area.____________________________ n.基本规律，根本法则，基础 adj.十分重大的，根本的 6．pace/peIs/ (1)The ball gathered pace as it rolled down the hill._______________ (2)He turned on the light and began pacing/to pace backwards and forwards._______________ (3)Children learn from handling everyday materials, and they develop at their own pace._________ (4)It's a long climb, so you have to pace yourself. ______________________ n.(移动的)速度 vi.走来走去 n.节奏 vt.确定速度，调整节奏 7．arise/ə'raIz/ (1)It was freezing cold，so he arose from his seat and drew back the curtain.____________ (2)What astonished me was that more problems arose.________ (3)In the past, people arose at sunrise and went to bed at sunset._________ (4)As we all know，emotional problems can arise from a physical cause._______________ vi.起身 vi.出现 vi.起床 vi.由……引起 8．characteristic/ˌkærəktə'rIstIk/ (1)Your signature is your name, written in your own characteristic way, often at the end of a document to indicate that you wrote the document or that you agreed with what it says.____________________ (2)Scientists provided the key to understanding the genetic code that determines every bodily characteristic._______________ adj.典型的，独特的 n.特征，特点 9．wrestle/'resl/ (1)As a boy，he had boxed and wrestled.____________ (2)She had spent the whole weekend wrestling with the problem. __________________________ vi.摔跤 vi.奋力对付，努力处理 10．debate/dI'beIt/ (1)When selecting the suitable dress for the party，I debated a little about the color and the style.__________________________ (2)There was a huge debate about whether the reporter should be accused of spying on the star couple.________________ (3)In reference to the topic we debated yesterday, it is no good saying more._________________ vt.仔细考虑，思考 n.讨论，争论 vt.讨论，辩论 11．withdraw/wIð'drɔː/ (1)The invaders decided to withdraw because of villagers' five months of stubborn resistance.____________ (2)Workers have threatened to withdraw their labour if there is no increase in their salaries.____________ (3)Most older people living in rural areas are more likely to withdraw from society.___________________________ vi.撤回，撤离 vt.停止提供 vi.脱离(社会)，不与人交往 (4)The official withdrew his comments and explained what he had meant to do.___________________________ (5)He withdraws money from the bank in large amounts. _____________________________ vt.收回(所说的话或声明) vt.取(银行账户中的款) 12．artificial/ˌɑːtI'fIʃl/ (1) In recent years, the artificial lake has become increasingly popular.______________________ (2)Over the last few years, scientists have been developing new kinds of artificial limbs to help people overcome their disabilities.________ (3)Most people think that a job interview is a very artificial situation._________________ adj.人工的，人造的 adj.假的 adj.非自然的 13．patent/'pætnt; 'peItnt/ (1)They were annoyed to find that the patent was of no practical use.____________ (2)In some countries, the patent right duration for invention is 20 years.____________________________ n.专利 adj.有专利的，受专利保护的 14．fuel/'fjuːəl/ (1)There is no doubt that the effective measures will fuel the restoration of local economy.__________________ (2)Most cars use fuels which pollute the environment very badly. ____________ (3)All systems are in good condition, and the launch site is preparing to fuel up the rocket as scheduled.____________________________ vt.增加，刺激 n.燃料 v.给……提供燃料 15．adjust /ə'dʒʌst/ (1)Their body language lets me know when to adjust class activities. ________________ (2)I still need time to adjust myself to a new environment, especially in a new country.____________ vt.调节，调整 vt.适应 16．evidence/'evIdəns/ (1)The study has provided evidence that standing and sitting straight makes a man look confident and full of energy.______________ (2)The witness gave evidence to the police at the trial. ____________________ (3)His answer evidenced a guilty conscience._______________ n.证据，证明 n.(法庭上的)证据　 vt.证明，表明 17．solid/'sɒlId/ (1)With solid proofs, the lawyer can certainly prove that he is innocent.____________ (2)I have two pet cats，one of which is black and white，while the other solid black.____________ adj.可靠的 adj.纯色的 18．switch/swItʃ/ (1)Could you switch the TV over？____________ (2)You drive first and then we'll switch round/over.____________ (3)She claims she is willing to throw the switch of the electric chair.____________ (4)More shoppers are making the switch to organic food.____________ vt.换(台) vi.调班 n.开关 n.转变，改变 19．pulse/pʌls/ (1)You can feel the nervousness pulsing through the crowd as they wait for his arrival.____________ (2)Dr.Brown sat down by him, felt his pulse and looked at him curiously.____________ vi.洋溢着　 n.脉搏 20．organ /'ɔːɡən/ (1)Extra doses of the hormone caused the animals' reproductive organs to develop sooner than usual.____________ (2)Electronic organs are much smaller and cheaper than pipe organs. _________ (3)This newspaper was the official organ of the country. _______________ n.器官 n.风琴 n.机关报刊 21．abuse/ə'bjuːs；ə'bjuːz/ (1)Often abused by her stepmother，Mary has a difficult life and wants to escape.____________ (2)As the latest research shows，abusing alcohol has many hazards. ____________ vt.虐待 vt.滥用 22．symbol/'sImbl/ (1)Acupuncture is recognized as a symbol of traditional Chinese culture and has come into widespread use around the world.________ (2)Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.____________ n.象征 n.符号，代号 Ⅱ.语境用词——根据语境填写适当内容 1．physician (1) ____________ (physics) activity is an important factor in maintaining fitness. (2)In addition to these arrangements of __________ (physical), extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight. (3)A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both ____________ (physical) and mentally. Physical physicians physically 2．chemist (1)The famous ____________ (chemistry) conducted a series of trials relevant to this metal. (2)Many ____________ (chemist) factories are closed down by the local government, because most of them have done serious harm to the environment. (3)You may become physically addicted to nicotine in cigarettes, ____ chemical that is harmful to smokers. chemist chemical a 3．specialize (also specialise) (1) The diabetes ____________ (special) had to retire at 65 but returned as a nurse within two weeks and still did up to four seven－and－a－half hour shifts each week. (2)A college education will enable students to specialize ____ a certain field of knowledge, such as medicine and law, preparing them to become a professional. (3)The Dragon Boat Festival is usually celebrated with the traditional boat racing, where rowers compete in long and ____________ (special) decorated wooden boats. specialist in specially 4．affect (1) As I was ____________ by the show the White Snake Legend, I began to develop a deep __________ for Peking Opera.(affect) (2)Affected ____________ a high fever，he continued with his work. (3) Whatever contributions we make will ______________________ _________________________ (对海洋保护产生重大影响). (4)Knowing that you ________________________(患了重感冒), we feel deeply sorry for you，wishing you a speedy recovery. affected　 affection with have a big effect on the ocean conservation are affected with a bad cold 5．identify (1)They constructed what we now identify ______ the royal palace，the palace of the king. (2)We were asked to _______________________________ (出示身份证) before boarding the plane. (3)Finally，people could __________________ (证明自己的身份)online and have to stand behind their words. identify themselves as show our identification/identity cards 6．relate (1)The well－known writer relates her childhood experiences _____ readers in the first chapter of her novel. (2)In order to find the ____________ between intelligence and old age，researchers have gone through all the papers ____________ to this subject.(relate) to relation　 relating/related (3) We are consistently committed to __________________________ ______________________ (改善与世界各国的关系)，which has turned out to be a success. (4)There are many excellent exhibitions in Wang Xizhi Park，most of which ___________________________________________________ (与中国传统文化有关). improving relations with all countries in the world　 are related to/are in relation to traditional Chinese culture 7．means (1)Thoughts are expressed ____________ (通过) words. (2)—Do you think their table tennis team will win first place at the coming competition? —____________ (决不).Ours is much stronger than theirs. (3)—Can I come and have a look at your house? —Yes，____________ (当然可以). (4)This is by no means the first time you have been late. →By no means ____________ the first time you have been late. by means of By no means by all means is this 8．delete (1)The last chapter was deleted ______ the book for a variety of reasons. (2)He made several ____________ (delete) to the manuscript. 9．abnormal During this period, some were reasonable while some were not; some were ____________ while some were ____________．(normal) from deletions normal　 abnormal 10．fundamental Success depends ____________ (fundamental) on our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. 11．arise Science _____________________ (产生于) the practical necessity of dealing with everyday problems. fundamentally arose from/out of 12．restrict (1)We should restrict the number of students per class ______ 20 to guarantee the teaching quality. (2)People living near the airport are pushing for new ____________ (restrict) on night flights. (3) He is self－employed because he finds working for other people too ____________ (restrict). to restrictions restrictive 13．prohibit (1)The ____________ (prohibit) of smoking in public areas, especially at school, should be strictly regulated. (2)They prohibit ____________ (publish) the articles with advertisement character. (3)Last week，we held a heated debate over whether students should ____________________________________ (禁止携带手机) at school. prohibition publishing　 be prohibited from carrying mobile phones 14．resistance (1)The bank strongly resists ____________ (cut) interest rates，while the public hold the opposite attitude. (2)In desperation, they gave up ____________ (resist) and surrendered. (3)It is the easiest of crops to grow and is seemingly ____________ (resist) to any disease. (4)The boy ___________________________ (就忍不住炫耀) his being praised by the teacher on arriving home. cutting　 resistance resistant couldn't resist/help showing off 15．debate (1)It is reported that the country's health care reform is still ____________ debate. (2)It is a fact _______________ debate that the pressure of employment is extremely heavy. (3)Last week, our class had/held a debate _______________ whether we senior three students should participate in sports meeting. under without/beyond on/about/over 16．without doubt (1)To be honest，the surgeon doubts ____________ the operation will make a difference to the patient. (2)We have experienced，____________ doubt，the most unusual period last year. whether/if without (3)____________________ (毫无疑问) learning a foreign language will be beneficial to children throughout their lives. (4)Taking everything into consideration，I doubt whether/if he is qualified for the position. →Taking everything into consideration，______________________ __________________________． There is no doubt that I have some doubt whether he is qualified for the position 17．equip (1)The small clinic is _________ with a lot of advanced ____________．(equip) (2)Owners of restaurants have to equip them ____________ (admit) disabled people. (3)It is high time that we_________________________________ __________________(用知识和技能来武装自己) for the future. (4)________________ (配备) a lot of volunteer experience，I am convinced that I will be qualified for the job. equipped equipment　 to admit should equip/equipped ourselves with Equipped with knowledge and skills 18．grateful (1)I shall always be grateful _____ my former teacher ___ introducing me to the study of language. (2)________________________(我将不胜感激) if you could tell me whether there is any way that I can make up for it. to　 for I would be very grateful 19．adjust (1)She had never left her parents before，so it took her a while to adjust to ____________ (live) alone. (2)Our school will make some ____________ (adjust) to some after－class activities to keep pace with the times. (3)The purpose of education is ______________________________ _________________________ (教人类如何适应环境) and find the best solutions to the problems. living adjustments to teach humans how to adjust themselves to the environment 20．evidence (1)____________________ (显然) his remarks were very hurtful，which broke her heart. (2)There is convincing evidence ____ a link between musical activities and the development of intelligence. →____________________________________ musical activities are linked to the development of intelligence. It was evident that of There is convincing evidence that 21．date back to (1)Chinese dumplings ________________ (追溯到) the Southern and Northern Dynasties. (2)He is always meticulous in keeping the records _____________ (最新的). (3)The dictionary is ________________ (过时的): many words have been added to the language since it was published. date back to up to date out of date 22．switch (1)I can't work next weekend—will you be kind enough to switch your shift ____________ me? (2)Feeling a bit embarrassed，he _____________________________ ___________________(把对话从一个话题转到了另一个). with switched the conversation from one subject to another (3)After her eyes got adjusted to the darkness inside，she proceeded to ____________________________________ (寻找电灯开关并打开了) all the lights. (4)According to the airline rules，we suggest you _______________ _________________________________ (在登机之前关掉手机). find the light switches and switch on (should) switch off your mobile phone before boarding 23．anxiety (1)Having debated the programme carelessly，he tried to restore it ______________________ (焦虑地). (2)Some think drinking is beneficial while others_________________ (为此担忧). with anxiety/anxiously are anxious about it (3)Her family was poor, so the girl ________________________ (急于完成学业) and get a job. (4)Because his parents were anxious about his safety, they sent him to school in person. →________________________， his parents sent him to school in person.(形容词短语作状语) was anxious to finish school　 Anxious about his safety 24．symbol (1)In fact, a theory is an abstract，____________ (symbol) representation of what is conceived to be reality. (2)A torch ____________ (symbol) the continuation of the ancient Greek athletic ideals, and it burns throughout the Olympic Games until the closing ceremony. (3)In this chart, each circle ____________ (symbol) represents the whole of humanity. symbolic symbolizes symbolically Ⅲ.完成句子 1．对旅行者来说，语言最要紧。(否定词＋比较级) ________________________ for travellers as languages. 2．大雨使得我们无法出去。(it作形式宾语) The heavy rain ____________________________________． Nothing is so necessary made it impossible for us to go out 3．明天到什么地方去尚未决定。(疑问词＋不定式) ________________ tomorrow has not been decided. 4．没有水，人类将无法生存。(without的虚拟语气) ________________， men would not live any longer. 5．他进了房间，鼻子冻得通红。(独立主格结构) He came into the room，____________________． Where to go Without water his nose red with cold Ⅳ.单元语法 完成句子 1．他累了。他整天都在工作。 He is tired.He ________________ all day. 2．她最近一直在熬夜准备GRE考试。 Recently she ____________________ to prepare for GRE. 3．这些天以来他一直在给我们的杂志写文章。 All these days he ____________________ articles to our magazine. has been working has been staying up has been writing 4．我们已经把教室打扫过了。 We ____________________ the classroom. 5．他们一直在加宽马路。 They ____________________ the road. 6．他们加宽了马路。 They ____________________ the road. have already cleaned have been widening have widened 7．你最近经常见她吗？ _____ you ____________________ her lately? 8．布莱克先生在这个城市已经住了十年了。 Mr. Black ____________________ in the city for ten years. 9．我一上午都在粉刷房子。 I ____________________ the house all morning. 10．她从八岁起就打网球了。 She ____________________ tennis since she was eight. Have been meeting has lived/has been living have been painting has been playing $$