U2 Period Ⅱ Welcome to the unit-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

选择性必修第二册 Unit 2　Sports culture Period Ⅱ　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 词汇识记 1．solidarity n．团结，齐心协力 Applauded for their solidarity, the competitors were motivated to make greater progress.选手们的团结受到赞扬，激励他们取得更大的进步。 2．BCE abbr.公元前 3．participate vi.参加，参与 They encouraged the students to participate in the singing performance after the contest and the participation gave the participants much delight.他们鼓励学生们参加比赛后的歌唱表演，这次参与给了参与者很大的乐趣。 participation n．参加，参与 participant n．参加者，参与者 4．compete vi.参加比赛；竞争 All the excited competitors who are relatively competitive are competing for the honor of winning the gold medals in the competitions.所有那些相对有竞争力的兴奋的选手都在比赛中为赢得金牌的荣誉而竞争。 competition n．比赛；竞争 competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的 competitor n．竞争者；对手 5．racial adj.种族的；种族间的     The Americans are on a march to protest racial discrimination.美国人正在游行抗议种族歧视。 racially adv.种族地；种族间地 6．diverse adj.多种多样的，不同的   In international relations, valuing “diversity in harmony” would mean trying to secure peaceful and mutually beneficial outcomes in a diverse and plural world.在国际关系中，重视“和谐中的多样性”意味着努力在一个多元化的世界中确保和平互利的结果。 diversity n．多样性；差异 7．joint adj.联合的，共同的n.关节；接合处   (1)Jackie and Ben came to a joint decision as to where they would live.关于他们将住哪里是杰姬和本共同决定的。 (2)The man is getting old and his joints are stiff.这个人老了，关节也硬化了。 jointly adv.联合地，共同地 (3)He carved the joint of beef and handed out to everyone.他切开了一块烤牛肉并分发给了大家。 (4)The event was organized jointly by students and teachers.这次活动是由学生和老师共同组织的。 8．motivate vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因 (1)A little stress caused by the exams is useful as it can sharpen your mind and motivate you to do well.考试带来的一点压力是有益的，因为它可以使你的思维更敏捷，激励你做得更好。 motivated adj.积极的，主动的 motivation n．动机；积极性 (2)Without much motivation in your study, you won't make much progress in it.如果在学习上没有很大的动力，你就不会取得很大的进步。 (3)I'm fond of the challenging lifestyle, which keeps me motivated.我喜欢充满挑战的生活方式，这让我充满动力。 9．motto n．(pl.mottoes, mottos)格言，座右铭 10．boundary n．边界，分界线 He will demonstrate how country boundaries are drawn on this map with dotted lines.他将用虚线演示如何在这张地图上绘制国家边界。 11．demonstrate vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示vi.游行示威   (1)You need to demonstrate more self-control.你需要表现出更强的自制力。 (2)This was demonstrated in a laboratory experiment with rats.在实验室用老鼠进行的实验证明了这一点。 demonstration n．示范；证明；表达；示威游行 (3)At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands where artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.在中国艺术节上，有很多不同的展台，艺术家们在那里展示他们的技艺，并向游客传授知识。 (4)They are demonstrating in favour of free higher education.他们举行示威游行，要求实行免费高等教育。 (5)A crowd comprised of the wives and children of scientists staged a demonstration.由科学家们的妻儿们组成的队伍举行了一次游行。 12．afterwards (also afterward) adv.以后，后来 Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.之后，苏联致力于将人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 13．proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 We now proceed to the next issue on the list.我们现在接着处理清单上的下一个问题。 14．flame n．火焰，火舌 15．applaud vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌     The audience applauded the singer for her successful performance and their applause lasted a long time.观众为这位歌手的成功表演鼓掌，掌声持续了很长时间。 applause n．欢呼，喝彩；鼓掌欢迎；掌声 16．track and field 田径运动 The injury in her leg makes it impossible for her to return to track and field.她腿上的伤使她不可能重返田径场。 17．consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 (1)The results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。 (2)Indeed, it has been consistently ranked by the United Nations as one of the best countries to live in, and visitors are always welcome! 事实上，它一直被联合国评为最适合居住的国家之一，并且永远欢迎游客！ consistently adv.一致，始终如一；连续 18．call on sb. to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 Tom called on the class to applaud the first student to make a speech, as if he were the teacher.汤姆让全班为第一个发言的学生鼓掌，好像他是老师一样。 19．humanity n．(统称)人，人类；人性；人道，仁慈 20．rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行n.地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔 (1)He was soon promoted to the rank of captain.他很快就被提升为上尉。 (2)If someone is promoted, he will be given a more important job or rank in the organization that he works for.如果某人升职了，他将在他工作的组织中获得更重要的工作或级别。 (3)To my astonishment, he ranked first in the competition.令我惊讶的是，他在比赛中名列第一。 21．trend n．趋势，趋向 Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich，Switzerland，have found how and why this trend arose.现在，由瑞士苏黎世大学的达米安·布拉西领导的一个研究小组已经发现了这种趋势产生的方式和原因。 22．hurdle n．(hurdles) 跨栏赛；栏架；障碍 23．election n．选举，推选；当选   (1)You can elect to lend the book to me or just refuse.你可以选择把书借给我，也可以直接拒绝。 (2)Encourage people to vote.Sometimes the hardest thing is actually getting people to take part in the election.鼓励人们投票。有时候最困难的事情其实是让人们参与选举。 elect vt.选举，推选；选择，决定 24．advent n．(重要事件、人物等的)到来，出现 25．faith n．信心；宗教信仰     I think the faith that everyone has shown in him has touched him.我认为每个人对他表示的信任都感动了他。 He is best known for the generosity he shows to his faithful and hard-working employees.他最为人所知的是他对忠诚和勤奋的员工的慷慨。 faithful adj.忠实的，忠诚的；如实的 faithfully adv.忠实地；如实地；诚心诚意地 26．ambition n．追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志     Robert is a very ambitious man and one of his ambitions is to travel in the Antarctic.罗伯特是一个雄心勃勃的人，他的志向之一就是去南极旅行。 ambitious adj.野心勃勃的；有雄心的 ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地；劲头十足地 27．ascend vi.& vt.上升，升高，登高 As time went by, the participants ascended to the peak of sporting achievement.随着时间的推移，参与者们登上了运动成就的顶峰。 28．identical adj.完全同样的     (1)Rules of weiqi are extraordinarily simple.There are 180 identical white pieces and 181 identical black pieces fighting against each other on a board.围棋的规则非常简单，180枚完全一样的白色棋子与181枚完全一样的黑色棋子在一块棋盘上博弈。 identically adv.同一地；相等地 identify vt.确认，鉴定；发现；显示 identity n．身份；特征 (2)Identically, if you want that book, I'll bring it next time.同样，如果你想要那本书，我下次会带来。 29．fellow adj.同伴的，同情况的，同类的n.同辈，同类；男人，家伙 His fellow workers saw him fall down and blood came out from the open wound.他的同事们看到他摔倒了，鲜血从敞开的伤口流了出来。 30．relay n．接力赛vt.转发(信息、消息等)；播放，转播 (1)They raced to a thrilling victory in the relay.他们在接力赛中取得了激动人心的胜利。 (2)He relayed the message to his boss.他将这个消息转发给了他的老板。 (3)More than ten thousand people watched the relay of the opening ceremony.有一万多人观看了开幕式的转播。 31．chest n．胸部；大箱子 32．cheek n．面颊，脸颊 33．half-marathon n．半程马拉松赛跑 34．amateur n．业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行adj.业余的 (1)I won't give them any more work—they're a bunch of amateurs.我不会再给他们工作了——他们是一群外行。 (2)Some amateurs can perform at such a high level that even professionals sing high praises for them.一些业余选手的表演水平如此之高，甚至连专业人士都对他们赞不绝口。 (3)There is room for further improvement in the amateur painter's painting.这个业余画家的绘画还有进一步提高的空间。 35．ankle n．踝，踝关节 36．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地   (1)We feel greatly optimistic about the economy as our country is enjoying a gradual economic recovery.由于我国经济正在逐步复苏，我们对经济感到非常乐观。 (2)Chinese tea culture gradually became an amazing tradition.中国茶文化逐渐成为一种惊人的传统。 gradual adj.逐渐的，逐步的 37．session n．一段时间，一场；会议，开庭；学年 38．limit n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限vt.限制，限定；限量，减量     A man's life is limited, but there is no limit to serving the people.I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。我要把有限的生命投入无限的为人民服务中去。 limited adj.有限的 limitless adj.无限制的 39．marathon n．马拉松赛跑；马拉松式的活动(或工作) 40．chairman n．(委员会的)委员长，主席；(会议的)主席，主持人 41．constitution n．体质，身体素质；宪法，章程 42．pour vt.& vi.倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨 (1)He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.In that moment，I began to fall for him.他把瓶子里的水倒到他手里，然后喂给我的狗喝。就在那一刻，我开始对他有了好感。 (2)People poured into the square from all parts of the city.人们从城市的四面八方涌进广场。 默写练习　 【限时：15分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ n．团结，齐心协力 2．________adj.同伴的，同情况的，同类的n.同辈，同类；男人，家伙 3．_________ adj.联合的，共同的 n．关节；接合处 solidarity fellow joint 4．____________ n．边界，分界线 5．________ vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 6．____________ adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 7．__________ vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n．地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔 8．____________ n．趋势，趋向 boundary proceed consistent rank trend 9．____________ n．业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行 adj.业余的 10．_______ vt.& vi.倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨 11．____________ vi.参与，参加→____________ n．参加，参与→____________ n．参与者，参加者 amateur　 pour participate participation　 participant 12．__________ vi.参加比赛；竞争→____________ n．竞争；比赛→____________ adj.竞争的；有竞争力的→____________ n．竞争者 13．__________adj.多种多样的，不同的→____________ n．多样性；差异 14．_________ vt.& vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌→___________ n．鼓掌 15．____________ vt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因→____________ n．动机 compete competition　 competitive　 competitor diverse diversity applaud applause motivate　 motivation 16．__________ n．追求的目标，夙愿；雄心，野心，壮志→____________ adj.有雄心的，有野心的 17．________n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限vt.限制，限定；限量，减量→_________ adj.有限的→________ adj.无限制的 18．____________ adj.逐渐的，逐步的→__________ adv.逐渐地，逐步地 ambition ambitious limit limited limitless gradual gradually Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．His ____________ (participate) motivated other teammates and their team ranked first on account of their solidarity. 2．These citizens，encouraged by these examples，have begun to talk about much more ____________ (ambition) projects. 3．The hall was full of appreciative ___________ (applaud) instantly she finished her performance. participation ambitious applause 4．It is a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a ____________ (compete) and stressful society. 5．The stronger the ____________ (motivate) is，the more quickly a person will learn a foreign language. competitive motivation Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1．________________田径运动 2．________________正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 3．________________参加 4．________________每四年 5．________灭绝，消失 track and field　 call on sb. to do sth. participate in every four years die out 6．____________产生；生孩子 7．______________与……相同 8．_____________思考；反省 9．________________第一次 10．___________肩并肩；密切(合作) give birth to be identical to reflect on for the first time side by side Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．As we all know，presidential elections are held _____________ in America. 2．With time going by，plenty of customs and languages have ________________ in the world. 3．We _________ every citizen _______ his part to build a peaceful and harmonious society. every four years died out call on to do 4．I think you should stop for a moment and ________ your successes and failures. 5．My mind quickly raced back to a summer vacation 8 years ago when I met him ________________． reflect on for the first time 词汇精研 1．participate vi.参加，参与 [教材原文]During the early Games，only Greek men were allowed to participate.在早期的奥运会上，只有希腊男子才被允许参加比赛。 (1)participate in 参加；参与 participate with sb.与某人共同参加/分担/分享 (2)participant n．参与者 participation n．参加；参与 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①No professionals may participate ___ the amateur tennis tournament. ②The ____________ (participate) of the game should be at least 18 years old. ③His ____________ (participate) made the match more interesting and inspiring. in participants participation ④看到我们的田径运动员与其他国家最优秀的运动员共同参加(比赛)真令人愉快。 It's good to see our runners ________________ the best competitors from other countries. participating with [名师点津]　“参与，参加”的表达方式还有take part in，join in等。 2．compete vi.参加比赛；竞争 [教材原文]They competed in such events as boxing，running and the long jump.他们参加的比赛项目有拳击、赛跑和跳远等。 (1)compete in参加……比赛 compete with/against...for...为争取……而与……竞争 (2)competition n．竞争；比赛 competitor n．竞争者；参赛者；对手 competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争力的 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Life is like a long race where we compete ____________ others to go beyond ourselves. ②There is now intense ____________ (compete) between schools to attract students. ③I want to prove that I can be just as good as，if not better than，my ____________ (compete). with/against　 competition competitors ④Nobody can entirely keep away from this ____________ (compete) world. ⑤我们可以和来自其他学校的学生在辩论比赛或演讲比赛中竞争。 We can ________________________________________________ debate contests or speech contests. competitive compete with/against students from other schools in 3.proceed vi.接着做，继而做；继续从事(或进行)；行进，前往 [教材原文]Afterwards，this young man proceeded to become the world heavyweight champion in 1964, and later changed his name to the one we all know—Muhammad Ali.后来，这个年轻人继续在1964年成为重量级拳击世界冠军，后来将他的名字改为我们都熟知的那个名字——穆罕默德·阿里。 proceed to do sth.继续做某事 proceed with 继续进行 proceed from 从……产生；起因于 proceed to...去往(某地)；进/转入 proceed against 起诉；控诉；提起诉讼 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①They will proceed _________ (build) another laboratory building. ②Please go upstairs and proceed ________ the security check and immigration. ③All their sufferings proceeded _______ their laziness and bad habits. to build with from　 ④When the boy finished reading a book，he went on to write a letter to his friend. →When the boy finished reading a book，he ________________________ to his friend. proceeded to write a letter 4．applaud vt.& vi. 称赞，赞许；鼓掌 [教材原文]Another sportsperson that should be applauded is Jessica Ennis-Hill.另一位值得称赞的运动员是杰西卡·恩尼斯-希尔。 (1)applaud sb.for sth.因为……向/为某人鼓掌喝彩；赞许/称赞某人某事 applaud sth.称赞/赞许某事/物 (2)applause n．称赞，赞许；鼓掌 give sb.applause for 因……而为某人鼓掌/喝彩 win/get/draw applause 博得掌声 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①They applauded the judge _____ the outcome of the trial. ②As the president's car arrived，the crowd broke into loud ____________ (applaud). ③战士们因那位英雄的勇气而称赞他。 →The soldiers ____________________________________． →The soldiers ____________________________________． for applause applauded the hero for his courage gave the hero applause for his courage 5.consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的 [教材原文]In an interview she revealed that the secret of her consistent good performance was the training that she never missed.在一次采访中，她透露始终表现良好的秘诀是她从未错过训练。 (1)be consistent with 与……相符/一致 (2)consistently adv.一致地；始终如一地 (3)consist vi.由……组成，由……构成；在于；符合 consist in 在于 consist of 由……组成 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Our aim is to ensure a ____________ (consist) growth in children's abilities. ②The old man lives ____________ (consist) with the laws of health. ③The beauty of the plan consists ____ its simplicity. ④众所周知，一个足球队由11名球员组成。 As we all know, a football team ________________________． consistent consistently in consists of 11 players [名师点津]　consist of只用于主动语态，不用于进行时态，但可以用现在分词作定语。 6.call on sb.to do sth.正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事 [教材原文]The 2008 Beijing Olympics called on the whole world to join in the Olympic spirit and build a better future for humanity with the slogan “One World，One Dream”.2008年北京奥运会以“同一个世界，同一个梦想”为口号，号召全世界一起弘扬奥林匹克精神，共创人类美好未来。 call on sb.拜访某人 call at (短时间)停留；(车船等)停靠(某地) call back 回电话；回来 call for 需要，要求；去接(某人同往某处) call in 找来；请来 call up 打电话；使人想起 call off 取消 [即学即练]——用适当的介词或副词填空/完成句子 ①I'm going to call ______ one of my former classmates. ②Lily is not in now，and you can call _______ in half an hour. ③The picture calls _____ scenes of my childhood. ④As the child's condition grew worse，the parents called _____ a doctor. ⑤校长号召我们为了我们的未来而刻苦学习。 The headmaster __________________________ for our future. on back up in called/calls on us to study hard 7.rank vi.& vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行 n．地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔 [教材原文]In addition to hosting the Olympics for the first time，China also ranked first in the medal table.这是中国首次举办奥运会，也是首次登顶奖牌榜榜首。 (1)rank (...) as (把……)列为…… rank with/among 与……并列；列为…… rank sth.排列某物 rank first 排名第一 (2)in rank 在职位上 in ranks 排成队 join the ranks of 加入……行列；加入……大军 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The young man feels unhappy as he is below me _____ rank. ②The trees on the road sides are growing in serried ________ (rank). ③李先生名列世界著名的科学家之中。 Mr.Li ________________ the world's eminent scientists. ④战士们排队等候着将军到来。 The soldiers stood ___________ waiting for the general to arrive. in ranks ranks with/among in ranks [名师点津]　rank主要指排名或军衔、职称等，也指一行人或车，用作可数名词，一般用复数形式ranks；指“普通士兵/(团体或组织的)成员”时，常用the ranks。 8.faith n．信心；宗教信仰 [教材原文]As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.”正如顾拜旦所信奉的：“有了奥林匹克运动会，每一代人都能庆祝他们的到来、他们生活的喜悦、他们对未来的信念、他们的雄心以及他们进取的决心。” (1)have faith in 相信/信任/信仰……；对……有信心 lose faith in 对……失去信任，不再相信…… in bad/good faith 背信弃义地/真诚地 keep faith 守信用 have faith that...相信…… (2)faithful adj.忠诚的；忠实的；忠贞的 be faithful to 对……忠诚 (3)faithfully adv.忠实地，忠诚地；如实地；诚恳地 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Do you think the film adaptation is _________ (faith) to the book? ②This report was published ______ good faith but we regret any confusion which may have been caused. ③He has supported the local team ____________ (faith) for 30 years. ④虽然约翰有缺点，但我仍然信任他。 I still ______________ John despite his shortcomings. faithful in faithfully have faith in 9.ambition n．追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志 [教材原文]As Coubertin believed, “With the Olympic Games, each generation celebrates its advent, its joy of living, its faith in the future, its ambition and its will to ascend.”正如顾拜旦所信奉的：“有了奥林匹克运动会，每一代人都能庆祝他们的到来、他们生活的喜悦、他们对未来的信念、他们的雄心以及他们进取的决心。” (1)have an/no ambition for sth./of doing sth./to do sth. 有/没有(做)……的抱负/野心 achieve/attain/realize one's ambition 实现抱负 be full of ambition 野心勃勃 out of ambition 出于野心 without ambition 胸无大志，没有野心 (2)ambitious adj.有雄心的；野心勃勃的；有抱负的 be ambitious for sth./to do sth.渴望某物/做某事 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The government has announced an ____________ (ambition) programme to modernize the railway network. ②John is ambitious ____________ (become) as famous as Edison. ③He is ambitious _____ social status, hoping to become one of the upper class. ④如果你不努力，你就不能实现你的抱负。 You will not be able to ________________________ if you do not work hard. ambitious to become for achieve your ambition 10.limit n．限度，限制；限量，限额；界限 vt.限制，限定；限量，减量 [教材原文]I ran my race relaxed and confident, even though my limits were being tested like never before.我轻松自信地跑着比赛，尽管自己的极限正受到前所未有的考验。 (1)a limit to...……的限度 set a limit on 对……规定限度 beyond the limit 超出限制/范围 within limits 适当地；在一定范围内 limit...to...把……限定在……范围内 (2)limited adj.有限的 limitation n．范围；限制 limitless adj.无限制的 limitlessly adv.无限制地 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In my opinion, taking cell phones with the students should not be banned, but limited ______ certain areas. ②Andrew is an imaginative boy and his imagination is just entirely ____________ (limit). ③一个人的生命是有限的，但是为人民服务是无限的。 There is a limit to one's life, but __________________ the people. to limitless no limit to serving [名师点津]　limit后搭配的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词；limit作“范围，境界”讲时多用其复数形式。 11．pour vt.& vi.倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨 [教材原文]Cathy and I quickly poured water into the cups for them.我和卡西很快地把水倒进杯子里给他们。 pour down 向下倾注；流下 pour in 大量地涌进来；倒入，使涌入 pour into 不断地或大量地流进或涌进 pour out 倒出；倾诉 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①After pouring _____ his trouble to a close friend，he felt much better. ②He was so worried that sweat began to pour __________ his face. ③成千上万的人涌进体育场观看这场足球比赛。 Thousands of people ______________________________ the football match. out down poured into the stadium to watch 句式剖析 1．强调句型 [教材原文]It was a Frenchman，Pierre de Coubertin，who brought the Olympics back to life.是一位叫皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦的法国人使奥运会重现生机。 本句结构为“It was...who...”，是一个强调句，被强调部分位于it was与who之间。 (1)强调句的基本结构：It is/was...that/who...；被强调部分位于it is/was与that/who之间。强调人时可用that或who，强调物时只能用that。 陈述句式：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... 一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...? 特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was it＋that...? (2)“not...until...”的强调句：It is/was not until...that... [即学即练]——完成句子/句型转换 ①正是多年的努力工作才造就了他今天的成功。 ____________________________ has made him successful today. ②The teacher's praise contributes to my success. →__________________________________________________ ③They didn't realize the importance of environmental protection until all the fish in the river died out. →____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ It is years of hard work that It is the teacher's praise that contributes to my success.　 It was not until all the fish in the river died out that they realized the importance of environmental protection. [名师点津]　注意强调句中it is/was与that/who后部分的时态一致。 2.when引导非限制性定语从句 [教材原文]He came to public attention during the 1960 Rome Olympics，when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA，demonstrating great talent and personality in the process.他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注，当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌，在比赛过程中展现了过人的天赋与优秀的品性。 本句是一个主从复合句。其中when he won the light heavyweight gold medal for the USA为when引导的非限制性定语从句，when在定语从句中作时间状语。 demonstrating great talent and personality in the process为现在分词短语作状语。 (1)当定语从句的先行词为时间名词，且定语从句中缺少时间状语时，定语从句用关系副词when引导； (2)当定语从句的先行词为时间名词，但定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时，定语从句用关系代词which或that引导。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It was a time ________ anything seemed possible. ②Gone are the days ________ people were happy to spend their holiday sitting on a beach. ③我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。 We will put off the picnic in the park until next week，____________________________． when when when the weather may be better 3.“感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构 [教材原文]My cheeks were red，and I could hear myself breathing heavily as I looked up at the blue sky.我的脸颊通红，当我抬头看着蓝天时，我能听到自己沉重的呼吸声。 句中现在分词短语breathing heavily为宾语补足语，与宾语myself之间为主动关系，而且该动作正在进行。as I looked up at the blue sky为时间状语从句。 五看(watch/look at/observe/notice/see)，二听(hear/listen to)，一感觉(feel)等感官动词后面可以接“宾语＋宾语补足语”结构： (1)接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，强调动作的整个过程； (2)接现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语，强调动作与宾语之间为主动关系或动作正在进行； (3)接过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语，强调动作与宾语之间为被动关系。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I heard my brother _______ (sing) happily in the garden when I got up. ②We often see the boy _____ (slip) out of his home to play in the street. ③Nobody noticed the book __________ (take) away by the naughty dog. ④Tim was seen ___________ (enter) the bank and go out with a bag. ⑤当我听到这条令人激动的消息时，我感到我的心在狂跳。 I ________________________ violently when I heard the exciting news. singing slip taken to enter felt my heart beating [名师点津]　当感官动词用于被动语态时，作补语的不定式前面要加to，现在分词和过去分词不变。 4.形容词(短语)作状语 [教材原文]I ran my race relaxed and confident，even though my limits were being tested like never before.我轻松自信地跑着比赛，尽管自己的极限正受到前所未有的考验。 句中 relaxed and confident为形容词短语在句中作伴随状语，表示主语所处的状态。 (1)形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开； (2)形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态，即和主语常可构成系表结构；如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/句式升级 ①__________ (excite) and happy，we greeted the foreign guests at the entrance of the school. ②_______ (tire) and short of breath，Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. ③It was a real race against time to get the project done.___________ (lucky)，we made it. Excited Tired Luckily ④I was too nervous，and I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam. →____________，I couldn't think of anything at the beginning of the exam.(形容词短语作状语) Too nervous 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Over half the population of this country ____________ (参加) in sports. 2．____________ (共同的) efforts are needed to make the earth a cleaner place to live. 3．His speech ____________ (激励) us to work hard to realize our dreams. 4．We can experience ____________ (多种多样的) festival customs all over the country. participate Joint motivated diverse 5．The students are ____________ (演示) a chemical experiment in the laboratory. 6．The audience warmly ___________ (鼓掌) when the performance came to the end. 7．The librarian has __________ (排列) the jumped books on the shelves. 8．You need a long series of data to be able to discern such a ____________ (趋势). demonstrating applauded ranked trend 9．With the advance in science，the ____________ (边界) of human knowledge are being pushed back. 10．He is a young man full of ____________ (雄心) and enthusiasm. boundaries ambition Ⅱ.选词填空 call on，track and field，take place，be recognized as，die out，side by side，in peace，lead to，give birth to，for the first time 1．I am interested in ________________ events of the Olympics. 2．As he went through such an exam ______________，he felt anxious. 3．The Reading Day ________________ every Friday in our school. track and field for the first time takes place 4．The boys often walk ____________ in the street，blocking the traffic. 5．Some species have___________ because of the climate changes. 6．The panda ________________ two babies，making the park workers excited and happy. side by side died out gave birth to 7．Not only did I live __________ with my roommates but we also became good friends. 8．We must find out what ________ the failure before we make a new plan. 9．The musician ________________ the first to play the piano with his feet. 10．We ___________ the organizers of the meeting to make some changes to our plan. in peace led to was recognized as called on Ⅲ.完成句子 1．正是他令人惊讶的智慧使他做出了许多重大发现。 ____________________________________ led him to make many great discoveries. 2．天空中有许多学生们自己制作的漂亮的灯笼。 In the sky ________________________ made by the students themselves. It was his amazing intelligence that were many beautiful lanterns 3．那是个所有农民必须在田野里干活的时期。 It was a time _____________________________________． 4．媒体号召公众向警方提供信息。 The media __________________________ information to the police. 5．作为我的秘书，你的职责包括安排我的旅行与工作。 As my secretary，your duty _________________________________． when all farmers had to work in the fields called on the public to provide consists of arranging my trips and my work 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I'm sure she'll pass the test; I've got great faith _____ her. 2．The politician's actions are not ____________ (consist) with the promises in his speeches. 3．The government called on the public ____________ (donate) books to the children in remote areas. 4．We are looking forward to your ____________ (participate) in our program. in consistent to donate participation 5．The whole hall was filled with the ____________ (applaud) from the audience. 6．We became ____________ (faith) supporters of their plan for a better world. 7．She is ____________ (ambition) to get through high school in two years. 8．The ____________ (compete) of the game tried to win the prize. applause faithful ambitious competitors 9．Only with right ____________ (motivate) can we find the solution to the problem. 10．He was determined to proceed ________ (get) access to the library. motivation to get Ⅱ.完成句子 1．只有通过相互倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。(强调句) _______________________________________________ problems between parents and children can be settled. 2．当接近终点线时，我太累了，以至于不能继续下去，甚至想放弃。(too...to...) When approaching the finish line，I was____________________，and even wanted to give up. It is only by listening to and understanding each other that too tired to continue 3．她表现得好像什么事也没发生过。(as if...) She acted ________________________________． 4．大多数学生赞成这项提议，而一些老师反对。(while...) Most of the students are in favor of the proposal ___________________________ it. 5．这就是我们的英语老师，一个善良而又辛勤工作的人。(such 引导的倒装句) ________________________， a kind－hearted and hard－working person. as if nothing had happened　 while some teachers are against Such is our English teacher Ⅲ.阅读理解 A Usnin Bolt burned about 10 kcal of energy to win his gold during the 200 metre spring final at the Olympic Games, which could roughly power an old 60W light bulb for 11 minutes.If you could make use of all the power generated by all the athletes during the Games, you would still be nowhere close to reaching the 29.5 billion Watts consumed overall by the athletes, spectators and organizers over the event.We take sport for granted, but do we ever consider its cost to the planet? From the water required to maintain the golf course during The Masters tournament to the hundreds of flights it takes to bring football fans to a World Cup, major sports events are not helping much in the fight against global heating.What's more, there is a lack of recognition within sport of its responsibilities and little discussion about possible solutions. This is strange, given that the effect works both ways: the climate crisis is not just affected by sports, but it is already having a negative impact on many sports.When ice-climber Will Gadd set out to conquer the world's glaciers, he didn't realize it would become a race against climate change.“I thought glaciers are there forever.” When he arrived at the summit, Gadd was shocked: “The ice...wasn't there.The things I planned to climb were gone.” Global heating is noticeable in other sports.Amy Steel played professional net ball until she suffered from heatstroke after playing in 39 ℃ conditions and unfortunately, the damage was permanent.Not only that, but extreme weather events made more frequent as a result of global heating mean sporting events are more often delayed or canceled.This has cost sport billions of dollars in potential earnings. Yet sport can be a powerful motivator: it can unite whole nations behind its teams.Could sport have a role to play in driving climate awareness? Will Gadd and Amy Steel are among many athletes who think so? One thing is certain.Sport must put climate change at the top of its agenda and decarbonize at a Usain Bolt-like pace to make a difference. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了气候危机与体育运动的关系，即气候危机中的体育运动。 1．What is the main focus of the first paragraph? A．Why do sports events consume energy? B．How much power do athletes generate? C．What is the energy impact of sports events? D．How did Bolt contribute to the environment? 答案：C 2 3 1 4 段落大意题。第一段重点关注的是体育赛事的能量影响。故选C。 2 3 1 4 2．Why does the writer use Will Gadd and Amy Steel as examples? A．They initiated eco-friendly sports practices. B．They sustained permanent injuries in sports. C．They fell victim to climate-related incidents. D．They achieved record-breaking performances. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。由文章第三段以及第四段可推知，作者使用二人作为例子，是想说明气候对运动员的影响——他们成了气候相关事件的受害者。故选C。 2 3 1 4 3．What effect of global heating on sports is mentioned in the text? A．Stricter facility restrictions. B．Substantial financial losses. C．Higher athlete training standards. D．Prolonged outdoor sports seasons. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。由文章第四段中“Not only that...in potential earnings.(不仅如此，由于全球变暖，极端天气事件更加频繁，这意味着体育赛事更经常被推迟或取消。这让体育界损失了数十亿美元的潜在收入)”可知，全球变暖造成体育运动重大财务损失。故选B。 2 3 1 4 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Sports in the Climate Crisis B．Athletes against Global Heating C．The Impact of Climate Change on Sport D．The Environmental Cost of Outdoor Sports 答案：A 2 3 1 4 标题归纳题。本文主要说明了气候危机与体育运动的关系。由此可知，A项“气候危机中的体育运动”适合作为本文最佳标题。故选A。 2 3 1 4 B When she returned home that year，she was given an enthusiastic welcome in the same hall.Many hands stretched out to her，and many cameras focused on her.A reporter with glasses kept pestering her with the question：What do you like best? She was wondering how to respond when she caught sight of a bunch of flowers.Then she said，“Flowers！” Following her remarks，more flowers were at once presented to her，too many for her to hold.During the past two years， she had participated in many international competitions and brought back one shining medal after another.What she got in return was all smiles，flowers and camera flashes.Was it because of this that she became preoccupied with winning? The more she won，the more obsessed she was with the fear of losing.So her mind was in fact more burdened with success than with failure.The mind could control physical pains but could not free itself from mental strain easily. This time when she was a little off balance on the horizontal bar (单杠)，she became so worried that she lost self-control and fell off.This failure was followed by several more in other events.Afterwards in order to avoid people at the airport，she trailed along behind the team.She found that very few people greeted her and reporters seemed to shun her.However hard she tried，she couldn't turn the tide；she was a complete failure.Indeed，who would side with a failure? All of a sudden，she saw a pair of shoes in front of her.Who could it be? She raised her bent head slowly and saw a navy blue suit，long legs，and then a clear fair face.Before her stood the stewardess with her hands behind her back，speaking with a smile，“I watched your performance on the television.I knew you would come home today.So I am here especially to welcome you.” “I did very poorly，”she said and lowered her head again. “No.You did your best.” “But I failed.” “Nobody can avoid failure.I believe failure is as important to you as success.Failure belongs to the past，and victory is the future.” The stewardess's voice came gentle but firm. Hearing these words，the girl raised her head.The stewardess held out her hands from behind her back with a large bouquet of colorful flowers，and presented it to the girl.The strong fragrance seemed to turn into a magic，powerful current that went through her body.She was moved to tears.Flowers are usually given to victorious heroes.Why to the disgraced loser? [语篇解读]　本文讲述了一个运动员既有成功，又有失败的故事。作者旨在告诉读者没有最终的成功，也没有致命的失败的道理。 5．What does the underlined word“pestering”mean in paragraph 1? A．Greeting.　　　　　　　 B．Annoying. C．Inquiring. D．Concerning. 答案：B 6 7 5 8 词义猜测题。明题意：本题问“第一段中的画线词‘pestering’是什么意思？”→寻线索：根据语境可知，她胜利归来，受到热烈欢迎，许多人向她伸出手来，许多相机对着她，一个戴眼镜的记者一直缠着她问：你最喜欢什么？→定答案：画线词应为“纠缠，烦扰”之意。 6 7 5 8 6．According to the text，what contributed to her winning medals before? A．She had received many smiles，flowers and camera flashes. B．She was passionate about walking on the horizontal bar. C．Her mind was free from excessive anxiety about failure. D．She was in good physical condition. 答案：C 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。明题意：本题问“根据文章，之前是什么促使她赢得奖牌？”→寻线索：根据第一段中的“The more she won...mental strain easily.”和第二段第一句可推知，她之前赢得奖牌的原因是她在思想上没有对失败的过度焦虑→定答案：C项“她的思想摆脱了对失败的过度焦虑”。 6 7 5 8 7．What may be her strongest emotion after she failed? A．Ashamed.　　　　　　 B．Stressed. C．Miserable. D．Grief-stricken. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Afterwards in order ...behind the team.”以及第四段中的“she said and lowered her head again”可推知，失败后，她最强烈的情感是羞愧。 6 7 5 8 8．What is the main message the writer tries to convey? A．Action is worry's worst enemy. B．The winners laugh and the losers weep. C．Excessive pressure will become a burden. D．Success is never final and failure is never fatal. 答案：D 6 7 5 8 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后两段可知，本文通过讲述一个运动员既有成功又有失败的故事表达了鲜花可以送英雄，但失败者也值得被尊重，即没有最终的成功，也没有致命的失败的道理。 6 7 5 8 Ⅳ.完形填空 Columbia high school girls' soccer team had lost every game in the season until a new 1 stepped in two years ago. Stuart Henley，a former soccer player and now a truck driver， 2 the team and started training hard in February 2020.He 3 the progress of the girls to team-building activities to help them bond on and off the field.He focused on the basics of football like passing， 4 ，and movement to try and bring the girls up to a good standard.His 5 ：coaches could give them guidelines，but girls 6 what they felt they needed to work on. Obviously，the girls were onto something big in the new season.They 7 the skills they had learned and teamwork into their 8 ，which led them to an 9 run of eight games，until they were sadly beaten 3∶2 by Wyrley Pumas Team.Although this means they have been 10 the league title，the team have still exceeded(超出)expectation by earning the 11 to the county's top division. “Whatever brings you down will 12 make you stronger，especially for girls，” Captain Chelsea said.“Stuart has really 13 our girls the philosophy of playing soccer.We're going into next season full of confidence and ready to compete against tougher 14 ，but for now we're still very much enjoying our 15 ．” [语篇解读]　曾经屡战屡败的哥伦比亚高中女子足球队在新教练Stuart Henley的带领下，在新的赛季不但获得了亚军，还晋级了更高一级的联赛。 2 3 1 4 1．A.player B．driver C．colleague D．coach 答案：D 根据下文的“Stuart Henley，a former soccer player ...in February 2020.”可知，前足球运动员且现在是卡车司机的Stuart Henley重组了球队，并于2020年2月开始努力训练。由此可知，球队换教练(coach)了。 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.recognized B．rewarded C．reorganized D．founded 答案：C 根据上文的“Columbia high school...two years ago.”可知，哥伦比亚高中女子足球队在赛季中输掉了每一场比赛，直到两年前新教练上任。由此可知，新教练走马上任，对球队进行了整改(reorganized)。recognize“认可”；reward“奖励”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.applied B．preferred C．credited D．adjusted 答案：C 根据第一段“Columbia high school...two years ago.”可知，足球队不再输掉比赛，说明她们在进步，队员们进行团建活动是促使她们在球场上进步的原因。credit...to...“认为是……的功劳，把……归功于”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.shooting B．cheering C．walking D．observing 答案：A 根据常识可知，想在比赛中立于不败之地，队员的各项基本技能都得提高，射门(shooting)是其中的一项。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5．A.principle B．dream C．plan D．virtue 答案：A 根据语境可知，新教练是个有想法的人，他的原则(principle)是：教练可以给他们指导意见，但由她们自己决定加强训练的内容。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.found B．decided C．watched D．liked 答案：B 教练针对以前屡战屡败的情况给出自己的指导意见，由队员们确定自己的不足之处，自己决定(decided) 加强训练的内容。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.turned B．divided C．integrated D．translated 答案：C 新教练的指导意见被队员们采纳，她们学以致用，在比赛中默契配合。integrate...into...“把……融入……”，符合语境。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.styles B．training C．rules D．game 答案：D 根据上文的“Obviously，the girls were onto something big in the new season.”可知，足球队参加了新赛季的比赛(game)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.embarrassing B．unlucky C．intense D．unbeaten 答案：D 这个赛季，前面她们打了八连胜，没有被对方打败(unbeaten)。embarrassing“使人尴尬的”；unlucky“不幸的”；intense“强烈的，剧烈的”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.awarded B．denied C．saved D．limited 答案：B 她们将学到的技能和团队合作融入比赛中，这使她们取得了八场不败的战绩，直到她们不幸被威利美洲狮队以3∶2击败。由此可知，新赛季中，这支球队得了亚军，冠军头衔是威利美洲狮队的，deny sb.the league title“拒绝给某人联赛冠军头衔”，符合语境。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.promotion B．approach C．solution D．contribution 答案：A 她们没能获得冠军，但也是亚军，有实力进入更高一级的联赛。promotion“晋升”，符合语境。approach“方法”；solution“解决办法”；contribution“贡献”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.hopefully B．officially C．fortunately D．eventually 答案：D 曾经屡战屡败的一个球队，最终(eventually)扬眉吐气走出了以往的阴霾，一举获得亚军。hopefully“有希望地”；officially“正式地”；fortunately“幸运地”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.brought B．taught C．left D．reserved 答案：B 作为教练的Stuart不仅督促队员们练习技能，更教会她们足球运动中的哲学。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.participants B．winners C．opponents D．partners 答案：C 尽管没能获得联赛冠军，但是球队还是超过了预期，将进入更高一级的联赛，迎来更加强大的对手(opponents)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.harmony B．victory C．company D．dignity 答案：B 一个曾经屡战屡败的球队，在赛季中获得亚军，还晋级到更高一级的比赛，这是一次值得庆祝的胜利(victory)。harmony“和谐”；dignity“尊严”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 $$