U4 单元检测(四)Scientists who changed the world-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

必修第三册 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world 单元检测(四) 本试卷共150分，考试时间120分钟。 1 4 5 2 3 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.What time is it now？ A. 9：45 p.m.　　B. 9：30 p.m.　　C. 9：15 p.m. 答案：C 1 4 5 2 3 2.What will the man do on Saturday？ A. Play tennis. B. Play football. C. Go swimming. 答案：B 1 4 5 2 3 3.Why can’t the woman meet the man this evening？ A. Because she will visit her friend. B. Because she is busy with her study. C. Because her friend will come to see her. 答案：C 1 4 5 2 3 4.Where are the speakers？ A. At home. B. In the street. C. On the playground. 答案：A 1 4 5 2 3 5.What is the man’s hobby？ A. Sightseeing. B. Photography. C. Drawing pictures. 答案：B 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 6.What is the man？ A. He is a teacher. B. He is a painter. C. He is a guide. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 7.When will the exhibition be shown in France？ A. In twelve days. B. In two weeks. C. In a month. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8.What’s the matter with Susan’s bike？ A. The wheels are loose. B. The chain is too long. C. The brakes are tight. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 9.Where will Susan have her bike repaired？ A. In Matthew’s garage. B. In a nearby post office. C. At the corner of the street. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10.What problem does Roger have with exams？ A. He isn’t clever. B. He isn’t confident. C. He doesn’t work hard. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 11.How does the man decide to help Roger？ A. By helping him to stay calm. B. By finding an expert for him. C. By giving him some advice about his future. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 12.What do we know about the woman？ A. She is easy to be tired. B. She often feels nervous. C. She finds exercise relaxing. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13.Where does David’s father work？ A. In a newspaper column. B. On television. C. On the radio. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 14.Where is Albany？ A. In New York University. B. In New York State. C. In New York City. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 15.Who is studying international relations now？ A. The woman’s brother. B. The woman. C. The man. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 16.Why does the woman speak English so well？ A. Because she works hard. B. Because it’s easy for her. C. Because she is a native. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17.What guides children’s growth according to the speaker？ A. The inside clock of computing. B. The children’s computer skills. C. The clock in their house. 答案：A 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 18.When are children able to set the table accurately？ A. As soon as they can use knife and fork. B. Not long before they can walk and talk. C. Soon after they learn to walk and talk. 答案：C 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 19.What can young children do when counting the pencils in a pile？ A. Work out the total number of the different pencils easily. B. Report the number of blue or red pencils readily. C. Tell different colors of the pencils. 答案：B 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6 16 17 18 19 20 20.What can be known from the passage？ A. Counting capability needs guiding after birth. B. The abstract numbers can be taught only by setting a table. C. The concept of abstract numbers is not born with. 答案：C 听力材料 Text 1 W：Do you know when the Summer Supermarket closes？ M：At 9：30 p.m.，I think. W：I’d better hurry，then. I only have 15 minutes left. Text 2 W：Hi，Mike，do you want to play tennis on Saturday？ M：I’m not sure if I can.I should go to football practice with my team. W：All right. Well，I’m going swimming in the park with my brother on Sunday. Perhaps you’d like to join us. M：Sure.I’ll drive over and meet you there. Text 3 M：I want to meet you.Are you free this evening？ W：I’m afraid not.My friend is coming to see me.How about tomorrow afternoon？ M：OK.See you then. Text 4 M：Mom，the new neighbors have just arrived. W：Oh，let’s go out and say hello to them，shall we？ M：I’d be glad to. Text 5 W：My hobby is sightseeing.What’s yours，Peter？ M：Photography is one of my favorites. W：Why do you like it？ M：I have liked it ever since middle school.I used to draw pictures.Then I became interested in photography because they are closely related. Text 6 M：Ladies and gentlemen，come this way， please. We have a special exhibition of modern art in the next exhibition hall. W：I don’t know about modern art.How long have the art works been here？ M：We’ve had them for a month.They are part of a special art exhibition.Another two weeks from now，they will be sent to Paris. W：I hope I can come back again while they’re here. M：During the week，it’s open till five. Text 7 W：Can you help me，Matthew？ M：Anything wrong with you，Susan？ W：Not me，but my bike.There must be something wrong with it.The brakes，chain or something else. M：Oh，your wheels seem to have become loose. That’s dangerous. Without good wheels， accidents are more likely to happen.You’d better have them repaired as soon as possible. W：Where can I find a repairman？ M：There is one at the corner of the street，just next to the post office.It is about 150 metres away. W：Thank you，sir. M：You’re welcome. Text 8 M：Roger is so intelligent.He thinks for himself.He’s a hard worker.He has good ideas and he doesn’t follow the crowd. W：So why does he do so badly in his exams？ M：Because he suffers from anxiety.He lacks confidence.His brain is so active and he thinks too much.When it comes to exams，his intelligence actually works against him. W：I wish we could help him.It seems so unfair that a person’s future can be determined by how well they perform on one particular day. M：It is unfair－but life is unfair.We must try to help him by showing him how to keep calm in stressful situations. W：How do we do that？ I can’t say that I’m exactly an expert at dealing with stress，although I am better at it than I used to be. M：I can help him.I always think that exercise is a great way of dealing with stress and anxiety.When you have exhausted yourself while doing exercise， you don’t have the energy to be nervous. W：That is so right！ I always feel calm after working out in the gym. Text 9 W：What does your father do，David？ Is he a teacher，like you？ M：My dad is a teacher？Oh，no.He’s a sportscaster，back home in Albany. W： What’s a sportscaster？ M：Someone who describes games over the radio or on TV.My father is on the radio. W：Back home in－where did you say？ M：Albany，New York. W：Oh，New York City！ M：No.There’s New York State，and there’s New York City.Albany is in New York State，about 135 miles north of New York City.I was born and brought up there.I went to college there too，at the State University of New York. W：What did you study while you were at the university？ M：International relations. W：That’s what my brother is studying！ M：Hmm，that’s interesting.Do you know yet what you’d like to study？ W：Anything except English.I have a hard time with your language. M：But your English is excellent.You sound almost like a native. W：Thank you.I’ve had to study hard，and I practice a lot because everybody in my family speaks it. M：Funny.So does everybody in mine. Text 10 W：People appear to be born to compute.The counting skills of children develop so fast that it is easy to imagine an inside clock of computing guiding their growth.Not long after learning to walk and talk，children can set the table with impressive accuracy：one knife，one spoon and one fork for each of the five chairs.Soon they are capable of doing something that requires them to place five knives， and five forks on the table.Of course，the truth is not so simple.This century，the work of psychologists has explained the forms of daily learning on which mental progress depends.Children were observed as they slowly grasped concepts that adults take for granted.Such as，quantity is not changed as water pours from a short fat glass into a tall thin one.Psychologists have shown that young children， five spoons when asked to count the pencils in a pile，readily report the number of blue or red pencils，but must be guided to find the total number.Such studies have suggested that the introduction of mathematics is mastered gradually，and with effort.The studies have also suggested that the concept of abstract numbers is not something born with. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A 　　Through My Modern Met Academy， our online learning platform， you’ll be inspired in classes taught by industry experts. Learn mixed media skills to take your work to a new level！ Intermediate Embroidery (刺绣) With the help of artist Floor Giebels，you’ll get gradual instructions on how to craft embroidery on printed cloth. Giebels will show you how to combine embroidery with cloth decorated with a photograph. Using that as the base，she’ll go into techniques for stitching (缝) over the image and finishing your frame for display. Cost/Time： $34.95/1.3 h Architectural Illustration for Everyone Artist Demi Lang will take you through the process of drawing structures step-by-step. You’ll learn how to choose your tools and paper， and analyze the project’s photo. The final assignment is a row of three buildings， which Lang will go through first in line drawing lessons， then inking over the sketch (素描)， and adding color to bring it to life. Cost/Time： $45.95/3.3 h Beyond Botanicals In Anna Zakirova’s class， she shares the secrets to creating flawless pressed flowers and leaves and using them as the basis for original artwork. Intended for beginners， her class starts with a detailed introduction to the proper tools and continues with an example of how to turn several types of flowers into an artwork. Cost/Time： $34.95/56 min Introduction to Pet Photography Taught by pet photographer Belinda Richards， this class offers in－depth guidance of shooting a gorgeous picture of your dog in a studio setting. Richards will break down how to work with your dog， photograph it， and edit your image. This class is meant for someone who already owns a DSLR camera and has a basic understanding of photography. Cost/Time：$45.95/2.4 h [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了在线学习平台My Modern Met Academy的情况。 21.What will you learn with Demi Lang？ A. Crafting embroidery. B. Drawing buildings. C. Pressing flowers. D. Photographing pets. 21 22 23 答案：B 21 22 23 解析：细节理解题。根据Architectural Illustration for Everyone部分的“Artist Demi Lang will take you through the process of drawing structures step-by-step. You’ll learn how to choose your tools and paper， and analyze the project’s photo ...”可知，从Demi Lang身上可以学到绘制建筑。故选B项。 22.Which course best suits nature lovers？ A. Intermediate Embroidery. B. Architectural Illustration for Everyone. C. Beyond Botanicals. D. Introduction to Pet Photography. 21 22 23 答案：C 21 22 23 解析：推理判断题。根据Beyond Botanicals部分的“In Anna Zakirova’s class， she shares the secrets to creating flawless pressed flowers and leaves and using them as the basis for original artwork. Intended for beginners...how to turn several types of flowers into an artwork.”可知，Beyond Botanicals面向初学者，Anna Zakirova在课堂上分享制作完美压制的花朵和树叶的秘诀，展示如何将几种类型的花朵变成艺术品；由此可推知，Beyond Botanicals最适合热爱大自然的人。故选C项。 23.What do the courses have in common？ A. They are for beginners. B. They involve using photos. C. They aaare free of charge. D. They offer detailed guidance. 21 22 23 答案：D 21 22 23 解析：细节理解题。根据Intermediate Embroidery部分的“With the help of artist Floor Giebels， you’ll get gradual instructions on ...”、Architectural Illustration for Everyone部分的“Artist Demi Lang will take you through the process of drawing structures step-by-step.”、Beyond Botanicals部分的“...her class starts with a detailed introduction to...”以及Introduction to Pet Photography部分的“Taught by pet photographer Belinda Richards， this class offers in-depth guidance of ...”可知，这些课程的相同之处在于他们都提供详细的指导。故选D项。 B 　　This could be the perfect gift for the partner， who embarrasses you on the dance floor.Smart socks， which can teach to dance， may be the answer for anyone with two left feet. The socks have been developed as a running tool to help runners improve their skills.Thanks to the socks， users can accurately record not only how far and fast they run but also how well.It means the user maximizes their performance，and reduces damage to body and prevents hurt.The high-tech socks are made of special fibers that watch the movements of your feet.They look， feel and can be washed like normal clothes. Sensors (传感器) record each movement and send it by an ankle transmitter (脚踝发射器) to a smartphone.Then a “virtual coach” application shows the information and can tell the user what they are doing wrong， and help to improve skill in any task with feet. 　　The socks should be useful to athletes and weekend joggers.“People think running is so easy and of course everybody can do it but not necessarily safely and well，” Dr. Davide Vigano said.A recent study showed that between 60 and 80 percent of runners got hurt per year.This is pretty much more than any other human activity.Researchers say the technology can also be developed to teach people how to dance， play sports such as golf， or even to help to teach women to walk better in high heels. 　　Mr. Vigano said， “People could all benefit from the idea.We have had interest from all sorts of sports， like skiing， football， cycling and golf.Anything where you have to use your feet can use it.It could even be put in high heels to help women walk in them safely.” 　　Socks are just the start and the technology could be used in gloves， hats and boots.The socks， anklet and software package are expected to be sold for around ￡120， which will go on sale in March. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种即将上市的高科技袜子，它可以帮助人们跳舞、走路、跑步以及做各种体育 活动。 24.What does the underlined part “anyone with two left feet” refer to？ A. People who are disabled. B. People who are interested in dancing. C. People who are not good at dancing. D. People who invented the socks. 24 25 26 27 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段首句可知，这可能是送给在舞池里让你尴尬的舞伴的完美礼物。由此可知，画线部分指的是“不擅长跳舞的人”。故选C。 答案：C 25.What’s special about fibers that the socks are made of？ A. They feel much softer than normal clothes. B. They can monitor the movement of feet. C. They are expensive to produce. D. They act as a smartphone for users. 24 25 26 27 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，这种高科技的袜子是由特殊纤维制成的，可以观察你的脚的运动。由此可知，制成这种袜子的原料纤维能够监控你的脚步移动。故选B。 24 25 26 27 26.Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the socks？ A. They can improve the skill of running. B. They can help women walk better in high heels. C. They can teach people to dance well. D. They can be worn for days without washing. 24 25 26 27 答案：D 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，这种袜子可以帮助运动员和跑步者避免受伤、教人们跳舞以及教穿高跟鞋的女性走路，并没有提到这种袜子可以穿很多天都不用洗。故选D。 24 25 26 27 27.According to Dr. Vigano，what can we infer from the text？ A. Everyone can make good use of the smart socks. B. Users can run as fast as they like with the socks. C. 60 to 80 percent of runners would like to buy the smart socks. D. No runners will get hurt，thanks to the socks. 24 25 26 27 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前三句可知，Vigano博士认为每个人都可以充分利用这款智能袜子。故选A。 C 　　For people who are interested in sound， the field of sound technology is definitely making noise.In the past， sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios， but many of today’s sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound. 　　 Sound can be used as a weapon.Imagine that a police officer is chasing a thief.The thief tries to escape.And the officer can’t let him get away.He pulls out a special device， points it at the suspect， and switches it on.The thief drops to the ground.This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device (LRAD，远程定向声波发射器).It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person.The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person， but it is not deadly. 　　 For those who hunger for some peace and quiet， sound can now create silence.Let’s say you are at the airport， and the little boy on the seat next to you is humming (哼唱) a short commercial song.He hums it over and over again， and you are about to go crazy.Thanks to the Silence Machine， a British invention， you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works.Well， it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves.The two sets of waves cancel each other out.Simply turn the machine on， point it at the target， and your peace and quiet comes back. 　　 Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotlights (聚光灯) are used in the theater.A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage； similarly， a “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in one targeted area.This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers.Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu， allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些声音技术领域的发明创造，包括声音可用作武器的远程声学设备、用来阻止有害声音影响你的静音机以及定向音响技术。 28.What could be inferred from paragraph 2 about the effect of the LRAD？ A. It causes temporary hearing loss. B. It slows down a running man. C. It makes it easy to identify a suspect. D. It keeps the suspect from hurting others. 28 29 30 31 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句“...it temporarily disables a person.”可知，LRAD可以使人暂时丧失某种能力；而A项“It causes temporary hearing loss.”与这句话语义相同，意思一致。 28 29 30 31 29.What did the Silence Machine specially designed to do？ A. Silence the people around you. B. Remove the sound of commercials. C. Block the incoming sound waves. D. Stop unwanted sound from affecting you. 28 29 30 31 答案：D 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第四句“Thanks to the Silence Machine， a British invention， you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents.”可知，Silence Machine的作用是在不打扰别人的前提下避免让周围的噪声影响到自己。D项最符合题意。 28 29 30 31 28 29 30 31 30.What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share？ A. They travel in circles. B. They clear the atmosphere. C. They can be transformed into energy. D. They can be directed onto a specific area. 答案：D 28 29 30 31 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage； similarly， a 'spotsound' creates a circle of sound in one targeted area.”可知，spotsounds和spotlights的共同之处在于，它们分别可以把声音和光集中于某一特定区域。D项中的specific area和原文中的targeted area意思相近。 31.What can directed sound be used for？ A. Creative designs of restaurant menus. B. Ideal sound effects on the theater stage. C. Different choices of music for businesses. D. Strict control over any suspicious customer. 28 29 30 31 答案：C 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句“Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu， allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.(餐厅可以在菜单上提供各种食物选择的同时提供音乐选择，让顾客更好地把握就餐的氛围)”可以推断出，定向音响可以用于不同的商业音乐选择。 28 29 30 31 D 　　When 12 girls from San Fernando high school in California received a grant to develop an invention to solve a real-world problem， they decided to create a solar-powered shelter.Now for over a year， the girls have been working after school and over the winter and spring breaks to complete their project. “They have this amazing drive that I’ve never seen before，” said Violet Mardirosian， a math teacher at San Fernando High.“I thought at the beginning that maybe some of them would give up， saying 'I didn’t expect this much work，’ but they don’t.They’re just working hard and they’re not giving up.” 　　Living in a low-income community， the girls have seen the problem of homelessness first-hand， which is why they chose that population to create a product for.Many of them are also from immigrant families and hope the solar-powered shelter might help refugees (难民).Seventeen-year-old Maggie Mejia said that while she had no engineering experience， the girls figured out as a team how to create the prototype (雏形)， using how-to videos and books that taught them how to code.But the most important lesson she’s learned over the course of the project isn’t technical.“I’ve learned a lot about helping others， helping the community and showing a better world to other people，” she said. 　　The girls have been invited to MIT to show their invention. Mardirosian says all the participating students have expressed interest in going into STEM (science， technology， engineering， mathematics) fields and that students from lower grades are already expressing interest in being involved next year. She says，“Many of them didn’t think about engineering before.They thought maybe they’re not made out to be an engineer.But working together， now they realize they’re all needed in this field.Everyone has found their importance in this picture.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。当加州圣费尔南多高中的12名女孩获得了一项助学金时，她们决定建立一个太阳能避难所。文章介绍了她们进行该项目的原因和感受。 32.Why did Mardirosian think some girls would quit the subject？ A. Because it was not practical in real life. B. Because it demanded a lot of time and energy. C. Because it was not supported by their math teacher. D. Because it required a lot of money and expert knowledge. 32 33 34 35 答案：B 32 33 34 35 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I thought at the beginning that maybe some of them would give up， saying 'I didn’t expect this much work’”可知，Mardirosian认为有一些女孩子可能会放弃，说：“我没有料到会有这么多工作”。该句中的much work应该指完成这个项目所需要的大量时间和精力。 33.Why did the girls decide to create a solar-powered shelter？ A. Because they wanted to save energy. B. Because they wanted to win a scholarship. C. Because they wanted to help the homeless. D. Because they wanted to be admitted to MIT. 32 33 34 35 答案：C 32 33 34 35 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Living in a low-income...might help refugees.”可知，这些女孩子创造太阳能避难所是为了帮助无家可归的人。 34.According to Maggie， what is the most valuable lesson she has learned from the project？ A. How to code. B. The power of teamwork. C. The way to teach herself. D. How to make the world a better place. 32 33 34 35 答案：D 32 33 34 35 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But the most important...a better world to other people”可知，Maggie Mejia认为，她学到的最重要的一点就是如何帮助他人，帮助社区，给其他人展示一个更好的世界。 35.What does Mardirosian think of the project？ A. It taught girls to be independent. B. It should be continued next year. C. It inspired girls’ interest in STEM. D. It showed the importance of engineering. 32 33 34 35 答案：C 32 33 34 35 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Mardirosian says all the participating...being involved next year.”可知，该项目激发了女孩们对STEM领域的兴趣。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 　　Telecommuting (also known as working from home， or e-commuting) is a work arrangement in which the employee works outside the office， often working from home or a location close to home. 　36　.　 　　Doctors， dentists， and countless other healthcare workers of the world will always need to be hands-on with patients， just as： 　　▶ 　37　.　 　　▶Scientists need to be in labs. 　　The existence of telecommuting must have its benefits and appropriate population. 　　More freedom. 　　　　Telecommuting allows a worker greater freedom regarding her or his work hours and work location.It gives the employee more flexibility to balance work and personal obligations. 　　Productivity. 　　Working from home can make you more productive， because you do not have the distractions (分心) of office space. 　38　 Sometimes you might be easily distracted by home appliances such as washing machines， or you actually need supervision from your boss to concentrate on your work. 　　Employees’ welfare. 　　Allowing workers to telecommute often makes them more productive. 　39　 Telecommuters are also likely to be happier in their jobs and are therefore more likely to stay with the company.Telecommuting even saves companies money in office expenses (such as rent and stationery). 　　 　40　.　 　　Some people also find working from home to be a bit isolating， because you are not around your coworkers.Those who enjoy teamwork may lose their opportunity to bond with colleagues by teleconferencing alone. 　　You should come up with a strategic plan if you want to ask your employer if you can telecommute. A. Mental health issues. B. Cooperation with workers. C. That can benefit the company. D. Of course， this is not necessarily true. E. You need to find a productive place to do work. F. Construction workers need to be on building sites. G. However， many jobs are not suited to remote work. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了一些不能够通过远程办公进行的职业以及远程办公的优势。 36.答案：G 解析：根据下文“Doctors， dentists， and countless other healthcare workers of the world will always need to be hands－on with patients”可知，医生、牙医和世界上无数的医疗工作者总是需要亲自与病人打交道。由此可知，并不是所有的工作都适合远程工作。G项符合上下文语境，故选G。 37.答案：F 解析：根据下文“Scientists need to be in labs.”可知，科学家需要待在实验室里。由此可知，此处在列举必须在工作场所进行工作的职业，F项符合上下文语境，故选F。 38.答案：D 解析：根据下文“Sometimes you might be...on your work.”可知，有时你可能很容易被洗衣机等家用电器分散注意力，或者你实际上需要老板的监督才能专心工作。由此可知，上文中提到的“在家办公可以让你更有效率”并不一定是真的。D项符合上下文语境，故选D。 39.答案：C 解析：根据下文可知，远程通勤者也可能对工作更满意，因此更有可能留在公司。远程办公甚至可以节省公司的办公费用(如租金和办公用具)。由此可知，此处是在说明远程工作对公司的好处。故C选项“这对公司有利”符合上下文语境，故选C。 40.答案：A 解析：根据下文可知，有些人还觉得在家工作有点孤立，因为你不在同事身边。那些喜欢团队合作的人可能会因为单独的电话会议而失去与同事建立联系的机会。由此可知，本段是在说明对于那些喜欢团队合作的人来说，远程工作可能会让他们失去与同事建立联系的机会，从而可能会导致员工感觉孤立的心理健康问题。故A选项“心理健康问题”符合上下文语境，故选A。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 　　阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 　　Stephen Hawking not only changed the way people thought about science， but he also changed the way people viewed 　41　. Diagnosed (诊断) with motor neurone disease in his twenties， many of his scientific discoveries were made while his body was 　42　. 　　When Hawking studied at Oxford University， he had a 　43　 for being lively， humorous and popular. 　44　， during his final year at Oxford， he fell over for no particular reason.When noticing his speech began to be 　45　， Hawking sought medical help.Then he was diagnosed with the disease.Doctors gave him less than two years to 　46　. 　　Luckily， he survived.However， after his diagnosis， his 　47　 failed quickly.Throughout the 1960s， he required stick to walk， 　48　 a wheelchair for many years.It was only by the end of the 1960s that he 　49　 accepted he would need a full-time mobility aid. 　　Despite Hawking’s poor health， he made some important scientific 　50　.In 1974， he discovered what now is 　51　 as “Hawking radiation”.In 1988， Hawking published his book A Brief History of Time. It was his 　52　 －focusing on what was possible rather than impossible－that defined (定义) his public image.His books made science easily 　53　 to a wider public.Hawking once said，“My advice to other people would be： 　54　 things your disability doesn’t prevent you doing well， and don’t 　55　 the things it interferes (干扰) with.Don’t be disabled in spirit， as well as physically.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了英国科学家Stephen Hawking在二十多岁时就患了恶疾，随后他的健康每况愈下。尽管如此，他仍然排除万难，醉心研究。他的著作使科学更容易被广大公众理解，他用自己的经历向人们证明了残疾并非成功的障碍。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 41.A. nature B. disability C. knowledge D. space 答案：B 解析：nature自然； disability残疾； knowledge 知识； space空间。根据最后一段的“your disability doesn’t prevent you doing well”可知，此处指改变了人们对残疾的看法。故选B。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 42.A. growing B. recovering C. Shaking D. failing 答案：D 解析：grow生长；recover恢复； shake摇晃； fail出故障，衰退。根据上文“Diagnosed with motor neurone disease”可知，此处指他在身体衰退期间完成了很多科学发现。故选D。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 43.A. fancy B. request C. preference D. name 答案：D 解析：fancy爱好； request 要求； preference 偏爱； name名誉，名声。根据下文“for being lively，humorous and popular”可知，此处指Hawking享有活泼、幽默和受欢迎的名声。故选D。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 44.A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Instead 答案：C 解析：therefore因此； besides而且；however 然而；instead代替，而不是。根据下文“he fell over for no particular reason”可知，此处和上文为转折关系，指他无缘无故摔倒了。故选C。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 45.A. unclear B. boring C. brief D. incorrect 答案：A 解析：unclear 不清楚的； boring无聊的； brief 简洁的； incorrect不正确的。根据下文“Hawking sought medical help”可知，此处指Hawking发现自己的语言变得不清楚，所以需要寻求医疗帮助。故选A。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 46.A. relax B. study C. live D. adapt 答案：C 解析：relax放松； study学习； live生存，活着； adapt适应。根据下文“Luckily，he survived.”可知，此处指医生说他活不到两年。故选C。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 47.A. health B. mind C. sight D. memory 答案：A 解析：health 健康；mind 思想； sight视力； memory记忆。根据下文“Despite Hawking’s poor health”可知，此处指他的健康状况很快就恶化了。故选A。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 48.A. preparing B. seeking C. refusing D. pushing 答案：C 解析：prepare准备； seek寻找，探索； refuse拒绝； push推动，促使。根据下文“It was only by the end of the 1960s that he　49　accepted he would need a full-time mobility aid.”可知，此处指他一直拒绝坐轮椅。故选C。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 49.A. obviously B. formally C. accidentally D. eventually 答案：D 解析：obviously显而易见地； formally正式地； accidentally意外地； eventually最终。根据上文“...for many years.It was only by the end of the 1960s...”可知，此处指他最终接受了自己需要全时段助行器的事实。故选D。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 50.A. experiments B. illustrations C. achievements D. researches 答案：C 解析：experiment实验； illustration图表，插图； achievement成就； research研究。根据上文“many of his scientific discoveries were made while his body was...”可知，此处指他做出了许多重要的科学成就。故选C。 51.A. tried out B. referred to C. ended up D. set up 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 答案：B 解析：try out 试验，选拔； refer to指的是； end up最终成为； set up建立。根据下文“as 'Hawking radiation’”可知，此处指被称为“霍金辐射”的东西。故选B。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 52.A. determination B. creativity C. potential D. carefulness 答案：A 解析：determination决心； creativity创造性； potential 潜能； carefulness小心，仔细。根据下文“focusing on what was possible rather than impossible”可知，此处指他的决心。故选A。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 53.A. acceptable B. accessible C. suitable D. affordable 答案：B 解析：acceptable可接受的； accessible可进入的，容易理解的； suitable合适的； affordable支付得起的。根据上文“made science easily”可知，此处指使科学对公众而言容易理解。故选B。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 54.A. believe in B. leave behind C. gather up D. concentrate on 答案：D 解析：believe in 相信； leave behind 留下，丢弃； gather up聚集，集合； concentrate on专心，全神贯注于。根据上文“focusing on what was possible rather than impossible”可知，此处指把注意力集中在你的残疾不会妨碍你做好的事情上。故选D。 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 55.A. mourn B. share C. forget D. admit 答案：A 解析：mourn 忧伤； share分享； forget忘记； admit承认。根据下文“the things it interferes with”可知，此处指不要为它所干扰的事情而悲伤。故选A。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在DAWN Café里试运营的机器人，它们配备了摄像头和扬声器，可以被远程控制，使残疾人或不出家门的人可以在家工作。 　　Some people fear that robots will replace humans in the workplace， but at DAWN Café that couldn’t be further from the truth.These robots，56.____ (equip) with cameras and speakers，can 57.______________ (control) from a distance， which allows people with disabilities to work. The employees control the robots from home， using the Internet.For example， if someone can’t move or speak， they can use advanced software to type 58.______________ wide range of messages with their 59.______________ (eye).Once the robots receive those messages，they are communicated to the customers.The employees also have access 60.________ a live video feed (实时视频馈送) so they can see what is going on. 56.答案：equipped 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作定语，句子主语These robots与equip之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处要用过去分词形式。故填equipped。 57.答案：be controlled 解析：考查动词的语态。分析可知，空处在句中作谓语，句子主语These robots与control之间为被动关系，所以control要用被动语态。结合空前情态动词can可知，此处填be controlled。 58.答案：a 解析：考查冠词。固定短语a wide range of意为“各种各样的”。故填a。 59.答案：eyes 解析：考查名词的单复数。eye“眼睛”为可数名词，结合设空前的their可知，此处要用复数eyes。故填eyes。 60.答案：to 解析：考查介词。固定短语have access to意为“有……的权利/机会”。故填to。 　　“There are many people 61.______________ are eager to work even though they can’t move.If they have an opportunity 62.______________ (get) a job， it gives them confidence，” said the inventor. 61.答案：who/that 解析：考查定语从句。分析可知，“61.__________are eager to work even though they can’t move”为定语从句，设空处在从句中作主语，先行词为people，所以此处用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 62.答案：to get 解析：考查非谓语动词。固定短语have an opportunity to do sth.意为“有做……的机会”。故填to get。 　　While DAWN Café was 63.______________ (original) only open for a trial run，64.______________ (it) goal is to found a permanent location soon.After all， they brought in over 900 customers in less than two weeks！ We hope this 65._______(amaze) idea will be popular all around the world. 63.答案：originally 解析：考查词性转换。open“开放的”为形容词，所以前面要用副词来修饰。original“最初的”为形容词，其副词形式为originally，故填originally。 64.答案：its 解析：考查代词。goal“目标”为可数名词，所以前面要用形容词来修饰。it的形容词性物主代词为its，故填its。 65.答案：amazing 解析：考查词性转换。idea“想法”为可数名词，其前要用形容词修饰。故填amazing。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 　　假定你是李华。你校英语报举行“我敬佩的科学家”征文比赛。请你根据要求投稿。内容包括： 　　1.人物简介； 　　2.给出理由。 　　注意：写作词数应为 80 左右。 The Scientist I Admire _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] The Scientist I Admire 　　Among all the scientists， I admire Yuan Longping most.He was born in 1930 and passed away in 2021， known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice”. 　　Yuan Longping dedicated his life to agricultural research.His groundbreaking work led to the development of hybrid rice， which has helped feed millions of people not only in China but also around the world.This incredible achievement has significantly contributed to solving food shortages globally. 　　Yuan Longping showed that with determination and hard work， we can overcome challenges and make a real difference in the world.He is truly a role model for all of us who aspire to contribute positively to society. 第二节(满分25分) 　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 　　It was late， about 10：15 p.m.， when Janice Esposito arrived at the Bellport， New York， train station， jumped into her minivan and began the 20-minute drive home to her husband and seven-year-old son.She had just returned from visiting her mother and had traveled the route so many times.She practically drove on autopilot：a left onto Station Road，then a left on Montauk Highway， and then－wham！ Out of nowhere on that awful night of October 10， 2017， a car hit Esposito’s minivan， forcing her backward some 100 feet onto the railroad tracks.She sat in the minivan， injured but mostly just stunned (吓晕) by the impact and by the vehicle’s airbags. 　　As it happened， Pete Dipinto was getting for bed.He’d just closed his book and was ready to sleep when he heard the loud noise of metal on metal and broken glass coming from not far outside his bedroom window.A volunteer firefighter and retired teacher， Dipinto， 64， never stopped to think.He grabbed a flashlight and， still in his pajamas (睡衣)， ran out of the door.“Any firefighter would have done what I did，” he said.“We’re always on duty.” 　　The first car he came upon， 2， 000 feet from his front yard， was the one that had hit Esposito.Once Dipinto concluded the driver was OK， he looked around and spotted Esposito’s minivan straddling (横跨) the railroad tracks.And then he heard a shocking sound：the bells signaling an oncoming train. 　　“I see the headlight of the train，” he said.Dipinto ran to Esposito’s minivan and banged on the driver’s side window.She just looked at him， her eyes unfocused.“I don’t know where I am，” she said.She seemed unhurt. 　　 注意：续写词数应为 150个左右。 “Honey， you’re on the railroad tracks， and we have to get you off right now！” Dipinto shouted.______________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 　　Esposito was rushed to the nearest hospital and Dipinto kept her company until her family came.________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ [参考范文] 　　 “Honey， you’re on the railroad tracks， and we have to get you off right now！” Dipinto shouted. He pulled hard the handle， but the door was smashed in and still shut.The heavy train， traveling at 65 miles per hour， was speeding toward them.Dipinto ran to the passenger side and threw open the door.He grabbed Esposito’s arms， and pulled her toward him across the passenger seat until he could help her out and take her to safety behind a signal box a few feet away. 　　 Esposito was rushed to the nearest hospital and Dipinto kept her company until her family came. “It was like a movie.Within six seconds， I estimated， the train crashed into the minivan，” Dipinto said.Informed of what happened to Esposito， the family expressed their heartfelt gratitude to Dipinto for coming to her rescue.An hour later， Esposito came round and tears filled her eyes， “I was struck with horror at that moment.Without this superman in pajamas， I would not be able to see my husband and son.” YL $$