U1 Period Ⅲ Grammar and usage-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（译林版）

必修第二册 Unit 1　Lights,camera,action! Period Ⅲ　Grammar and usage 单元语法：Subject-verb agreement (主谓一致) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 [语法体会] ①There is some chocolate and some hamburgers on the table.Help yourself! ②Either Eve or Tony has been invited by Lucy's parents already. ③The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. ④Every student as well as some teachers is asked to be at the school gate before 7：30 in the morning. ⑤We are afraid of the teachers who are strict with students. 我的发现： 1．句①中there be结构中有两个并列的主语时，遵循______原则。 2．句②中either...or...连接两个主语时，遵循______原则。 3．句③中由and连接起来的两个主语后跟______数形式的谓语动词。 4．句④中由as well as连接两个主语时，遵循______原则。 5．句⑤中先行词是复数，关系代词在从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词的单复数应该与________保持一致。 就近 就近 复 就远 先行词 [知识精要] 一、主谓一致的概念 英语中，无论哪一种句式都要保持句子的主语和谓语在人称和单复数上的一致，即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语的人称和单复数而变化。 二、主谓一致的三个原则 主谓一致常遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。当这三个原则发生矛盾和冲突时，意义一致为优先考虑的原则。 (一)语法一致原则 主谓一致的语法一致原则是指主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致，即主语是单数形式，谓语也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 1．不定代词one，every，each，everybody，everyone，one of，no one，nothing，nobody，someone，somebody，either，neither等作主语或是修饰主语时应看作单数，谓语动词用单数。 Each of us has a new book.我们每一个人都有一本新书。 2．由and或both...and...连接起来的成分作主语时，一般谓语动词用复数形式。 Both his father and mother are teachers.他的父亲和母亲都是老师。 3．主语为名词单数或代词，尽管后面跟有with，together with，except，but (除了)，like (像)，as well as，rather than，more than，no less than，besides，including等词汇，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 Air as well as water is matter.空气和水都是物质。 Mr.Green，together with his wife and children，has come to China.格林先生以及他的夫人和孩子已经来到了中国。 4．不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Serving the people is my greatest happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福。 When we'll go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已经决定了。 5．由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 What I bought were three English books.我买的是三本英语书。 What I need is time.我所需要的是时间。 6．在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语时，其谓语动词的单复数应与句中先行词保持一致。但在the only one of...后面，定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。 He is one of my friends who are working hard.他是我其中一个努力工作的朋友。 He is the only one of my friends who is working hard.他是我的朋友中唯一一个努力工作的人。 7．“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，真正的主语是number (数目)，故谓语动词用单数形式；“a number of＋复数名词”作主语时，真正的主语则是of后的复数名词，故谓语动词用复数形式。 A number of apples are red.许多苹果是红色的。 The number of students is 2，000.学生的数量是2 000人。 8．quantities of与amounts of修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 Quantities of food were on the table.桌子上有许多食物。 Great amounts of coal have been sent there.大量的煤被送到了那儿。 9．none作主语，指代可数名词时，谓语动词用单、复数形式皆可；指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。 None of the students is/are interested in this book.没有学生对这本书感兴趣。 [即学即练1]——单句语法填空 ①A number of students ____________ (have) seen the film.That is，the number of the students who have seen the film ____________ (be) large. ②The famous musician, as well as his students，____________ (invite) to perform at the opening ceremony of the Flower Expo. ③Barbara is easy to recognize as she's the only one of the women who ____________ (wear) evening dress. have is was invited wears (二)意义一致原则 意义一致原则是指有时主语形式上为单数，但意义上却是复数，那么谓语依意义也用复数形式；而有时主语形式上为复数，但意义上却是单数，那么谓语依意义也用单数形式。 1．若由and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物，后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式；由and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个整体，如bread and butter (抹黄油的面包), knife and fork (刀叉)等作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。 The poet and writer has come.那位诗人兼作家来了。(一个人) A hammer and a saw are useful tools.锤子和锯都是有用的工具。(两样物品) A knife and fork lies on the table.桌子上有一副刀叉。(一个整体) 2．若由and连接的并列单数主语前分别有no，each，every，more than a(n)，many a(n)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。 Every student and every teacher was in the room.每个学生和老师都在房间里。 No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting.没有老师也没有学生缺席会议。 3．如果集体名词如family，public，club，crew，group，audience等指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体中的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式；people，police，cattle，military等集体名词一般都被用作复数。 Class Four is on the third floor.四班在三楼。 Class Four are unable to agree upon a monitor.四班无法就班长人选达成一致意见。 The police are looking for the lost child.警察正在寻找那个丢失的孩子。 4．由“a lot of/lots of/plenty of/the rest of＋名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数＋名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的单复数要根据短语中后面名词的单复数而定。 There are a lot of people in the classroom.教室里有很多人。 [名师点津]　population作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；若population被分数、百分数修饰，谓语动词常用复数形式。 The population continues to increase.人口继续增长。 40% of the population in this area are suffering from the heavy rain.这个地区40%的人口正遭受暴雨的侵袭。 5．表示时间、重量、数目、价格、长度等的词或词组作主语时，尽管它们是复数形式，但如果把这些复数形式的词或词组看作一个整体，谓语动词就用单数形式。 Three weeks is a short time.三周是很短的时间。 Ten pounds is not so heavy.十磅不是很重。 6．有些形复意单的名词如news；以-ics结尾的学科名称如physics, mathematics, economics; 国名如the United States，报纸名如The New York Times，书名如Arabian Nights，以及the United Nations等虽以复数形式出现，实际意义为单数，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Arabian Nights is an interesting storybook.《天方夜谭》是一本很有趣的故事书。 7．若主语中有表示数量的短语more than one或many a(n)，尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词仍用单数；但“more＋名词复数＋than one”作主语时，谓语动词仍用复数形式；“one＋名词单数＋and a half”作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式；“one or two＋名词复数”作主语时， 谓语动词用复数形式；“a＋名词单数＋or two”结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Many a boy likes playing basketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球。 More than one student was late.不止一个学生迟到。 One banana and a half was left on the table.桌上还剩下一根半香蕉。 One or two places have been visited.参观了一两个地点。 A word or two is missing here.这里缺一两个词。 8．算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常看作单数，其谓语动词采用单数形式；数学算式中如用and或plus表示“加”，用times表示“乘以”，则谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复数形式。 Twelve plus eight is/are twenty.12加8等于20。 Ten times zero is/are zero.10乘以0等于0。 Two and two is/are four.2加2等于4。 9．trousers，glasses，clothes，shoes等词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式，但如果这些名词前有a/the pair/kind/sort/type of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用单数形式。 My glasses are broken.我的眼镜碎了。 A pair of glasses is on the desk.桌上有一副眼镜。 10．“定冠词the＋形容词或分词”表示某一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；但当它表示的是一个抽象概念时，则用单数形式。 The wounded are treated well.伤员得到了很好的治疗。 The beautiful is loved by all.美好的事物人人爱。 11．名词性物主代词mine，yours，his，hers，its，ours，theirs等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于该动词后面名词的单复数，动词后面的名词是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式；动词后面的名词为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。 His is a new bike.他的是一辆新自行车。 His are some old books.他的是一些旧书。 [即学即练2]——单句语法填空 ①All ____________ (be) going well. ②All ____________ (have) gone to Beijing. ③9，999 ____________ (be) a large number. ④The police ____________ (be) hunting for the criminal. ⑤In our country, every boy and every girl ____________ (have) the same opportunity of education. is have is are has (三)就近一致原则 就近一致原则是指谓语动词的人称和单复数常常与最靠近的作主语的词语保持一致。 1．当两个主语由or，either...or，neither...nor，not only...but also，not...but连接时，谓语动词和邻近的主语保持一致。 Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.你或者你的一个学生应出席定于明天举行的一个会议。 Not only the students but also the teacher is interested in this new course.对于这门新课程，不光学生感兴趣，这位老师也很感兴趣。 2．以there，here引起的表示存在的句子，而主语又不止一个时，谓语动词应遵循就近一致原则。 Here are some books you may be interested in.这里有一些你可能感兴趣的书。 There is an air-conditioner and two computers in his office.在他的办公室里有一台空调和两台电脑。 [即学即练3]——单句语法填空 ①Not you but I ____________ (be) to blame. ②Either you or I ____________ (be) to meet her at the airport. ③Here ____________ (be) a pencil-box and two exercise books. am am is 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Staring at someone ____________ (be) impolite. 2．What he said ____________ (be) true and what we badly need ____________ (be) good teachers. 3．Steve，together with his wife，____________ (be) moving off tonight. 4．Believe it or not, everyone here ____________ (have) a gift for music. is is are is has 5．No teacher and no student ____________ (be) listening to the lecture now. 6．He is the only one of the students who ___________ (have) a gift for the performance. 7．This pair of scissors ____________ (belong) to the tailor. 8．Neither the students nor the teacher ____________ (know) the reason why she behaved strangely. is has belongs knows 9．Bread and butter ____________ (be) what we usually have for breakfast. 10．Not only I but also he ____________ (look) down upon those who always rely on others. is looks Ⅱ.完成句子 1．孩子们非常喜欢在农场工作。 The children ________________ working on the farm. 2．每个男人和每个女人都被要求去帮忙。 Each man and each woman __________________． 3．不止一个人来帮助我们。 More persons than one __________________． are very fond of is asked to help come to help us 4．他的衣服很好。 His clothes ____________________． 5．一个学生一个星期的伙食80美元足够了。 Eighty dollars ______________________________ on food for one week. are very good is enough for a student to spend 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Referring to the dictionary ____________ (be) a good habit in English learning. 2．The teacher as well as the students ____________ (like) this painting. 3．Many a student ____________ (be) on the spot when the accident happened. 4．Twenty years ____________ (be) a long time. is likes was is 5．He is one of the students who ____________ (be) fond of country music. 6．There ____________ (be) a pen，two pencils and three books on the desk. 7．The class ____________ (study) English now. 8．Every possible means ____________ (try) so far. are is are studying has been tried 9．The singer and dancer ____________ (welcome) warmly by the local people. 10．The number of people invited ____________ fifty，but a number of them ____________ absent for different reasons.(be) was welcomed was were Ⅱ.单句写作 1．做眼保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。 ________________________________________________________ 2．桌子上有一本书和三支钢笔。 ________________________________________________________ 3．这本书20美元太贵了。 ________________________________________________________ Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. There is a book and three pens on the desk. Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 4．我们学校的学生人数超过800人。 ________________________________________________________ 5．你最需要的就是好好睡一觉。 ________________________________________________________ 6．Mary和她的朋友们都喜欢这幅画。(as well as) ________________________________________________________ The number of the students in our school is over 800. What you need most is to have a good sleep. Mary as well as her friends likes this painting. 7．我们两个人都没有看过这部电影。(neither) ________________________________________________________ 8．学生们和老师现在都不知道这件事。(neither...nor) ________________________________________________________ 9．许多学生到过上海。(many a) ________________________________________________________ Neither of us has seen the film. Neither the students nor the teacher knows this matter now. Many a student has been to Shanghai. 10．每个男孩和每个女孩都有一个座位。(each) __________________________________________________________ Each boy and each girl has a seat. Ⅲ.阅读理解 Escape to a New Life—Everyone's Dream? A TV series in Wales has become a heated issue by becoming the number one choice for teenagers to watch. The main character is a young farmer and the series is about country life, making the popularity of the series all the more surprising.The series is calm and relaxing and really the opposite to city life.Escape to a New Life describes the Welsh countryside as a beautiful and peaceful place and its people as very caring and happy. The series director believes that this is what young people want today.She says the success of the series is because teenagers want a happier and healthier life away from the pressures of deadlines and exams.She figures this series offers a form of escape from their fast and stressful lives. Despite this, many parents and teachers are worried about the effect this is having on young people.Parents report that their children are just watching this series and neglecting everything else, using Escape to a New Life as an excuse for not completing homework, or refusing to revise for exams, citing a need for a happier and less stressful life. One father, Paul McGregor, said his daughter Charlotte had changed a lot.He said, “She used to be in the school athletics team and loved the javelin (标枪), but now she only wants to watch the TV series and has been dropped from the team.She no longer completes her homework saying it doesn't matter as she just wants to ‘escape to a new life’”． Paediatrician, Dr.Elisa Carhart who specialises in child mental health, says that TV can influence young people's decisions in life, but believes that if a young person reacts as strongly as Charlotte, it's likely there are other reasons for the change in her behaviour. [语篇解读]　本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了对《逃向新生活》这部电视剧的评价及其对人们的影响。 1．What is the TV series Escape to a New Life mainly about? A．How people escape from city life. B．How a Welsh farmer lives his life. C．How teenagers balance work with life. D．How the young live a relaxing life. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句(主人公是一个年轻的农民，而该系列是关于乡村生活的，这使得该系列的受欢迎程度更加令人惊讶)可知，电视剧《逃向新生活》主要讲的是一位农民的乡村生活。故选B。 2 3 1 4 2．Which is closest in meaning to “neglecting” in paragraph 3? A．Paying no attention to. B．Making the most of. C．Feeling at home with. D．Complaining about. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“She figures this series offers a form of escape from their fast and stressful lives.(她认为这个系列为他们提供了一种逃离快节奏和紧张生活的方式)”和第四段中的“Despite this, many parents and teachers are worried about the effect this is having on young people.(尽管如此，许多家长和老师都担心这对年轻人的影响)”以及画线词后的句子可知，这个电视剧为青少年提供了一种逃离快节奏和紧张生活的方式，学生以此为借口不复习考试，所以此处指的是青少年只看电视剧而忽视了其他的事情。所以此处画线词意为“忽视”与pay no attention to意义接近。故选A。 2 3 1 4 3．What is probably Paul McGregor's attitude towards the TV series? A．Unfavorable.　　　　　　 B．Supportive. C．Unclear. D．Forgiving. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，他的女儿只看电视剧，结果被田径队开除，也不写作业，所以可推知，Paul McGregor对这部电视剧持反对的态度。故选A。 2 3 1 4 4．What can we learn from Dr.Elisa Carhart's words? A．One should not jump in with both feet. B．One man's meat is another man's poison. C．We'd better be a rainbow in somebody else's cloud. D．We should not throw the baby out with the bathwater. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，Elisa Carhart博士认为电视影响着年轻人的决定，但是如果决定过于偏激可能有其他因素影响，所以我们不能一概地说电视剧的坏处，而忽视了其中的宝贵的部分。故选D。 2 3 1 4 Ⅳ.完形填空 Looking for Crafts (《寻找手艺》) is a documentary about the story of 199 Chinese craftsmen (手艺人). 1 it wasn't broadcast on television, you can only watch it online.Although it doesn't show beautiful pictures or exciting scenes, it 2 tells the story of traditional Chinese craftsmanship and their techniques (技术).After watching the documentary, the warmth and faith of the 3 culture may deeply touch you. Zhang Jing, the 4 of the documentary is from the countryside of Hunan.After living in a modern and busy 5 for many years, he became nostalgic(怀旧的) for the traditional crafts of his hometown, 6 he made up his mind to record them.He sold his flat and invited two friends to join him and travelled all over China.The documentary was made without professional filming equipment (装备) or a lot of 7 ．However, its accented narration (带有口音的旁白) made people feel at home. In the documentary you can see an 80-year-old man who makes paper 8 with bamboo for the Dai people.Making umbrellas is a(n) 9 process that includes six steps, but he has insisted on continuing with his hobby for more than 60 10 ．After watching the documentary, many people wanted to buy such an umbrella, but the old man was dead. It's 11 to notice that the hands of these craftsmen are full of wrinkles (皱纹)—these craftsmen are using their lives to 12 our cultural heritage (遗产).From making a piece of pottery (陶瓷) to creating a musical instrument, these crafts are 13 work. However, true artists give up their own comfort to 14 what's in their heart, which is believed to be the real meaning and purpose of making this documentary.The documentary 15 people of the importance of craftsmanship and has attracted a lot of attention. I hope these ancient and wonderful skills will still be alive forever. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一部名为《寻找手艺》的纪录片，讲述了199位中国手艺人的故事。 2 3 1 4 1．A.Until B．Since C．Unless D．If 答案：B 根据“you can only watch it online”可知，因为电视上没有播出，因此只能在网上观看，前后构成因果关系。故选B。 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.quietly B．quickly C．hardly D．easily 答案：A 根据上文“it doesn't show beautiful pictures or exciting scenes”可知，前后构成转折关系，虽然这部纪录片没有展示美丽的图片或激动人心的场景，但它静静地讲述了中国传统工艺及其技术的故事，此处激动人心的场景和安静地展示之间构成转折。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.fashionable B．expensive C．traditional D．popular 答案：C 根据上文“the story of traditional Chinese craftsmanship and their techniques”可知，该纪录片讲述的是中国传统文化。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.actor B．writer C．singer D．director 答案：D 根据下文“he made up his mind to record them”可知，张景是该纪录片的导演。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 5．A.country B．city C．countryside D．town 答案：B 根据“of his hometown”可知，此处指现代繁忙的城市生活。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.but B．so C．though D．while 答案：B 根据“he became nostalgic for the traditional crafts of his hometown”可知，因为他开始怀念家乡的传统工艺，所以他下定决心要把它们记录下来。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.money B．actors C．actresses D．instructions 答案：A 根据“without professional filming equipment”可知，在拍摄该纪录片的时候，没有专业设备，也没有大量资金。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.umbrellas B．baskets C．instruments D．bags 答案：A 根据下文中的“Making umbrellas”可知，此处指一位80岁的老人用竹子制作纸伞。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.short B．long C．easy D．boring 答案：B 根据“that includes six steps”可知，制作雨伞包括6个步骤，是一个漫长的过程。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.days B．weeks C．months D．years 答案：D 根据上文“you can see an 80-year-old man”可知，这位80岁的老人坚持将自己的爱好延续了60多年。故选D。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.easy B．necessary C．impossible D．difficult 答案：A 根据“that the hands of these craftsmen are full of wrinkles”可知，很容易注意到这些手艺人的手上布满了皱纹。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.prevent B．protect C．provide D．produce 答案：B 根据“our cultural heritage”可知，这些手艺人正在用他们的生命来保护我们的文化遗产。故选B。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.possible B．easy C．hard D．boring 答案：C 根据上文“the hands of these craftsmen are full of wrinkles”可知，手艺人的手上布满了皱纹，所以他们所做的工艺都是艰苦的工作。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.produce B．protect C．prevent D．prepare 答案：A 根据“true artists give up their own comfort”可知，真正的艺术家放弃自己的舒适，去制作他们内心的东西。故选A。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.expects B．explains C．reminds D．encourages 答案：C 根据“of the importance of craftsmanship”可知，这部纪录片提醒人们手工艺的重要性。故选C。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Ⅴ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种中国古代乐器——古琴以及讲述了关于古琴的中国古代文化知识。 Wandering sounds，irregular rhythms and a carrier of gentle emotions.This is the musical language of guqin，a seven-string instrument 1. (bear) in ancient China. 1．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处应该使用bear的非谓语形式作定语，修饰前面的名词instrument，动词bear和instrument之间是被动关系，应使用其过去分词形式born作定语。 答案：born The earliest piece of guqin in China，unearthed in Hubei Province，2. (date) back to the Zhou Dynasty.The body of a guqin is made of wood and the strings of silk.Unlike its 3. (seeming) simple appearance，making a guqin is extremely demanding. 4. outstanding piece can take from two to five decades to craft.The tone of a guqin is quiet，distant，pleasant and 5.__________ (charm). 2．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时，主语是the earliest piece of guqin，所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。 答案：dates 3．考查词性转换。分析句子可知，设空处应使用副词作状语，修饰形容词simple，意为“似乎；看起来”。 答案：seemingly 4．考查冠词。分析句子可知，句中piece为可数名词单数形式，设空处应使用不定冠词表示数量，且outstanding的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。同时该空置于句首，首字母应大写。 答案：An 5．考查词性转换。分析句子可知，设空处应用charm的形容词形式charming作表语，意为“迷人的”。 答案：charming The guqin has been embraced by musicians for centuries，the most popular one 6. (be) Yu Boya in the Spring and Autumn and Waring States periods.As he played his guqin in mountains，a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi passed by.No sooner had he heard the music 7. he understood it.This deep understanding formed a strong bond 8. them.This is the famous tale behind the masterpiece，Flowing Water，High Mountains, 9. has been passed down through generations.It is also considered as the most marvelous 10. (compose) in Chinese guqin music. 6．考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中has been embraced为谓语动词，设空处在句中作非谓语动词。此处构成独立主格结构，the most popular one和be为主动关系，故使用现在分词。 答案：being 7．考查连词。分析句子可知，句中no sooner...than为固定句型，意为“一……就……”。 答案：than 8．考查介词。句中表示“在两者之间”用between，构成介词短语。 答案：between 9．考查定语从句。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，指代上文的the masterpiece，为物，故用which。 答案：which 10．考查词性转换。分析句子可知，设空处应用compose的名词形式composition作宾语，意为“作品”。 答案：composition $$