U6 Period 3 Using language：复习：非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

选择性必修第三册 Unit 6　Nature in words Period 3　Using language： 复习：非谓语动词作定语、状语和补语 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 关键能力 互动探究 核心语法 专项突破 一、非谓语动词作定语 1．动词不定式作定语 意义 表示将来的、还未发生的动作，只能位于被修饰词的后面 用法 the only、the last、the next及序数词等后常用动词不定式作后置定语 被the only、the best、the last、the next 等词或序数词修饰的词后，常用动词不定式作后置定语 抽象名词后常用动词不定式作定语，常见的该类名词有ability、chance、idea、hope、wish、fact、excuse、promise、attempt、way 等 *The airport to be completed next year will help promote tourism in this area. 将于明年完工的机场将有助于促进该地区的旅游业。 *He is always the first to arrive at school and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到校，最后一个离校。 *I don't think he is the best man to do this job. 我认为他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。 *The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 [温馨提示]　(1)动词不定式作定语时，若句子主语是动词不定式动作的执行者，则用主动形式表示被动意义；若句子主语不是动词不定式动作的执行者，则用被动形式表示被动意义。 *He has a large family to support. 他有一大家人要养活。 *Are you going to the conference to be held next week? 你要参加下周举行的会议吗？ (2)若构成动词不定式的动词是不及物动词，或该动词不定式本身有宾语，动词不定式后应有必要的介词。 *What she needs most is a room to live in. 她最需要的是一个可以居住的房间。 2．分词(短语)作定语 意义 单个分词作定语时一般放在被修饰词之前，分词短语一般放在被修饰词之后 用法 当被修饰词与分词之间为主谓关系时，用现在分词作定语，表示动作正在进行或即将发生，或表示一种状态 当被修饰词与分词之间为动宾关系时，用过去分词作定语，可表示动作已完成 * The smiling girl is my sister, the one who always has a positive attitude towards life. 微笑的女孩是我的妹妹，她总是对生活持有积极的态度。 *The house standing on the north bank of the river was built last year. 位于河的北岸的那所房子是去年建的。 *Half of the guests invited to the party are his colleagues. 被邀请参加聚会的客人中有一半是他的同事。 [温馨提示]　若被修饰词与分词之间为动宾关系，且表示动作正在进行时，要用现在分词的被动式。 *The man being questioned is the only witness to the accident. 正在接受询问的那个人是事故的唯一目击者。 3．动名词作定语 动名词常置于名词前作定语，表示被修饰的名词的用途或性能。如a walking stick(一根手杖)、a sleeping bag(一个睡袋)、a parking lot(一个停车场)、cooking oil(食用油)等。 *No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room. 在阅览室里谁都不准大声说话。 *In hot weather, I often go to swim in the swimming pool with my family. 天气炎热的时候，我经常和我的家人一起去游泳池游泳。 二、非谓语动词作状语 1．动词不定式作状语 作目的状语 有时前面可加in order或so as 作结果状语 常用结构有enough to do、too...to...、only to do 等 作原因状语 常与表示情感的形容词连用，如glad、happy、 frightened、 surprised等 *I'm too tired to stay up any longer. 我太累了，实在不能再熬夜了。 *We will continue our campaign to prevent and control air pollution to make our sky blue again. 我们将继续开展大气污染的防治行动，使我们的天空再次蔚蓝。 * I'm more than happy to hear the news that you'll come to visit me. 听到你要来看我的消息，我非常高兴。 2．分词(短语)作状语 (1)分词(短语)作状语常表示原因、伴随、时间、结果、方式、条件、让步等。若分词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，则用现在分词作状语；若分词与句子主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，则用过去分词作状语。 *He walked down the hill，singing softly to himself. 他从小山上走下来，自顾自地轻声哼唱着歌。 *Turning right, you will find a path leading to his cottage. 向右转，你会找到一条通往他的别墅的小路。 *Given more time, we would have done the work better. 如果给我们更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。 *Seriously injured, she had to be sent to hospital at once. 她受了重伤，必须立刻被送往医院。 [温馨提示]　动词不定式作结果状语时，常表示意想不到的结果；而现在分词(短语)作结果状语时，常表示自然而然的结果。 (2)某些动词的过去分词已经形容词化，这些过去分词(短语)作状语时，既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态。如 lost、seated、hidden、lost/absorbed in、dressed in、tired of等。 *Absorbed in the book, he didn't notice me enter the room. 他全神贯注地看书，没有注意到我进入了房间。 (3)分词(短语)作状语时，在少数情况下，其逻辑主语与句子主语不一致，分词(短语)用来修饰全句。常用的有considering(鉴于，考虑到)、generally speaking(一般说来)、judging by/from...(根据……判断)、supposing that...(假定……)、providing/provided that...(假定……)、owing to...(因为，由于……)、talking/speaking of...(谈及……)、given...(考虑到……)等。 三、非谓语动词作宾语补足语 1．动词不定式作宾语补足语 在很多表示“指示、愿望、感觉”等动词(短语)后都可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语，如ask、hate、like、want、invite、force、expect、allow、permit、persuade、order、warn、remind、forbid、advise、teach、prefer、cause、get等。 *Father will not allow us to play in the street. 父亲不会允许我们在街上玩耍。 [温馨提示]　(1)下列动词(短语)接省略to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语。一感(feel)，二听(hear、listen to)，三使(let、have、make)，五看(see、notice、observe、watch、look at)，半帮助(help)。 *I heard Alice sing an English song in the next door just now. 刚才我听见Alice在隔壁唱了一首英文歌。 (2)若宾语补足语为省略to的动词不定式，句子变为被动句时，动词不定式由宾语补足语变为主语补足语，动词不定式符号 to 需还原。 *Someone observed the man enter the bank. →The man was observed to enter the bank. 这个人被看到进入了这个银行。 2．分词(短语)作宾语补足语 分词(短语)一般只在两类动词(短语)后作宾语补足语：①感觉、感官、意愿动词(短语)(see、observe、notice、watch、look at、hear、listen to、smell、feel、find、want、wish等)；②使役、致使动词(have、make、get、leave、keep、set、start 等)。这种用法中的现在分词表示正在进行的主动意义，过去分词则表示已经完成的被动意义。 * I heard Alice singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday. 昨天我经过Alice的房间时，听到她在唱一首英文歌。 *He was happy to see his mother taken good care of at home. 他很高兴看到母亲在家里受到很好的照顾。 *They had the fire burning all night in order to keep warm. 为了取暖，他们让火整夜燃烧着。 *I will have my bike repaired tomorrow. 明天我要让人修理我的自行车。 [温馨提示]　(1)make后的宾语补足语不能用现在分词。 *The writer made himself known for the novel. 这位作家因这部小说而出名。 (2)set后的宾语补足语不能用过去分词。 *Her words set me thinking deeply. 她的话让我深思。 关键能力 互动探究 词汇精研 add...to...把……加到……里 [教材原文] He said that many words describing nature were being added to the new version of the junior dictionary. 他说，许多描述自然的词汇被添加到新版的初级词典中。 (1)add to增加；增添 add up加起来 add up to加起来达到 (2)add that...补充说…… [即学即练]——单句语法填空/补全句子/完成句子 ①The government is planning to add more buses ____________ the public transportation system in order to ease traffic congestion during peak hours. ②When you ________________ (加起来) the time spent on commuting (通勤), studying, and working, you'll realize how little free time you have. to add up ③The cost of his medical bills ________________ (总计) $10，000, leaving him with a heavy financial burden. ④她感谢我送的礼物，并补充说这正是她想要的。 She thanked me for the gift, _________________________________ _____________________.(续写佳句之细节描写) added up to adding that it was exactly what she had wanted 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2023·全国甲卷)“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins, ____________ (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables. borrowing 2．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the ____________ (recognize) home of the soup dumplings, but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring ancient canal town of Nanxiang as xiao long bao's birthplace. 3．(2023·浙江1月卷)In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture ____________ (represent) by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect the culture of grassroots Beijingers. recognized represented 4．(2023·全国甲卷)For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ____________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 5．(2022·全国甲卷)A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi'an, as a first step ____________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. to teach to journey 6．(2022·全国甲卷)Inspired by the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation ____________ (hold) in Beijing, Cao decided to cover the route by hiking as a tribute (致敬) to the ancient Silk Road. held 7．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ____________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 8．Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it highlights the whole adventure and offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____________ (ache) legs. to increase aching 9．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)____________ (cover) an area about three times the size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. 10．We accessed the wall through the South Gate.The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people ____________ (move) inside and outside the City Wall. Covering moving Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．当我打开后院的门时，我发现地上覆盖着落叶。 When I opened the door of the backyard，I ____________________ ______________________________. 2．听！现在正唱着的这首歌非常受学生欢迎。 Listen！________________________ is very popular with the students. found the ground covered by fallen leaves The song being sung 3．去年，我的老师鼓励我参加一个专门为提高写作能力而设计的夏令营。 My teacher ____________________________________________ specifically designed to improve writing skills last year. encouraged me to take a summer camp 4．在一群小学生的簇拥下，那位老教师带着温暖的笑容走进了教室。 ________________________________， that old teacher walked into the classroom with a warm smile. 5．我们受邀参加下周五在我们俱乐部举办的聚会。 We __________________________________ in our club next Friday. Surrounded by a group of pupils are invited to a party to be held 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．(2022·全国乙卷)____________ (strengthen) the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, ____________ (invite) twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 2．(2022·全国甲卷)He flew 4，700 kilometers from Xi'an to Kashgar on Sept.20, ____________ (plan) to hike back to Xi'an in five months. To strengthen inviting planning 3．Technological innovations, ____________ (combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products. 4．The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____________ (carry) out the next year. 5．____________ (offer) an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance ____________ (become) famous. 6．I had a strong desire ____________ (reach) in and play with the toy, but was held back thankfully by the shop window. combined carried Offered to become to reach 7．The teacher got some students ____________ (stay) behind in the classroom after class to help with some cleaning. 8．As he knows very little English, he finds it difficult to make himself ____________ (understand). 9．Sometimes, the goods ____________ (buy) over the Internet are cheaper than those we buy in shops. 10．Come to see me whenever you need help.I'll be more than pleased ____________ (help) you. to stay understood bought to help Ⅱ.完成句子 1．从山顶看，这座城市看起来更漂亮。 ______________________________________，the city looks more beautiful. 2．你认识那边正在和老师说话的那个男孩吗？ Do you know the boy __________________________ over there now? Seen from the top of the mountain talking to/with the teacher 3．一般说来，如果按说明书服用，该药物不会有副作用。 __________________________，if taken according to the directions，the drug has no side effects. 4．我非常抱歉让他在雨中等我，我意识到我的行为是多么的轻率和不体贴。 I'm extremely sorry to __________________________ in the rain and I realize how thoughtless and inconsiderate my actions were. Generally speaking leave him waiting for me 5．他匆忙赶到那所房子里，发现已经空无一人，并且所有的家具都已经被搬走了。 He hurried to the house，____________________________________ and all the furniture had been removed. only to find that it was empty Ⅲ.语篇填空 The job of a scientist is to find out the truth 1.______________ (discover) in the field of science.It is a 2.____________ (challenge) profession.Scientists usually have to do thousands of experiments in order 3.__________ (prove) something.Although often 4.____________ (disappoint) by a series of failures, they never give up, 5.____________ (determine) to find solutions.My neighbour is a scientist 6.___________ (study) radiation, who is always working in his lab, 7.____________ (try) to figure out mysteries.One day I saw him 8.____________ (come) back to be discovered challenging to prove disappointed determining studying trying coming from work early.He told me in an 9.____________ (excite) voice that he made a breakthrough.I was happy 10.____________ (hear) that and felt proud of him. excited to hear Ⅳ.阅读理解 Next to a tall building, the Muziekplein forest is one of seven such special and very small forests in the Dutch city of Utrecht, and 144 tiny forests across the Netherlands.It's about the size of a basketball court.Before it was planted, the area was a parking lot. By the end of this year, according to IVN Nature Education, an organization leading the country's plan, there will be 200 such small forests in the Netherlands.In many other countries, communities are creating such small-area and native forests in response to big environmental challenges.The forests can be in any shape, but must be at least four meters wide based on IVN's instructions.A tiny forest can be built under a year.And it generally includes between 20 and 40 different tree species. Since the first forest was planted in the Netherlands in 2015, the idea has become popular.Daan Bleichrodt launched IVN's Tiny Forest plan with the goal of making it easier for children to know the significance of protecting environment.He thinks it is popular because people are becoming more and more aware of major environmental challenges.It's a very practical way for people to do something positive considering climate change and loss of biodiversity. Data released by Wageningen University researchers in April shows that the forests hold a range of animal and plant species.Across the 11 tiny forests in a study, volunteers observed 636 animal species.They also recognized 298 plant species in addition to the original species planted in the areas.Daily maintenance of the forests sometimes involves obliterating unwanted weeds, but in general, new plant species, such as wildflowers, are allowed to grow, according to Bleichrodt. Suzanne Valkman, head of the World Wildlife Fund(WWF) Netherlands forests unit, said, “I was just amazed to see so many species were recognized.” A WWF report in 2020 found that wildlife populations in the Netherlands had decreased by half over the last three decades.Butterflies, birds and reptile species were particularly hard hit.Valkman said, “The Tiny Forest data shows that the small project can improve biodiversity in cities.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了荷兰通过建造小森林来改善城市环境。 2 3 1 4 1．What is the feature of the Muziekplein forest? A．It has a small size. B．It includes only rare species. C．It has an interesting shape. D．It is beside a parking lot. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“such special and very small forests”和“It's about the size of a basketball court.”可知，Muziekplein森林的特点是尺寸很小。故选A。 2 3 1 4 2．What's the purpose of creating tiny forests in the Dutch city? A．To make a great profit. B．To raise the awareness of kids' education. C．To set an example to other countries. D．To help improve the local environment. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Daan Bleichrodt launched IVN's Tiny Forest plan with the goal of making it easier for children to know the significance of protecting environment...It's a very practical way for people to do something positive considering climate change and loss of biodiversity.”可知，建造这样的小森林是为了让孩子们知道保护环境的重要性，并为防止气候变化和物种多样性流失做一些事情。由此推知，在荷兰的城市里建造小森林的目的是帮助改善当地环境。故选D。 3．What does the underlined word “obliterating” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Checking.　　　　　　 B．Protecting. C．Removing. D．Discovering. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“in general, new plant species, such as wildflowers, are allowed to grow”可知，通常，新的植物物种，比如说野花，是允许生长的，结合but可知，obliterating表示“清除”。故选C。 2 3 1 4 4．Why did the author mention Suzanne Valkman's words? A．To describe the situation of wildlife species. B．To show the effects of the Tiny Forest plan. C．To explain the importance of biodiversity. D．To encourage all of us to plant more trees. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Suzanne Valkman所说的“看到这么多物种得到认可，我实在是惊讶”和“小森林的数据表明，这个小项目可以改善城市的生物多样性”可知，作者提到Suzanne Valkman的话是为了展示小森林计划的效果很好。故选B。 Ⅴ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在发脾气之后去滑雪，感受到大自然的治愈力量，恢复了平静。 One day something that upset me happened.It brought 1._________ (tear) to my eyes and made me angry.The incident took me out 2.______ balance and disturbed my inner peace. 1．考查名词复数。tear意为“眼泪”，为可数名词，空处应用名词复数形式表示泛指。 答案：tears 2．考查介词。out of balance为固定搭配，意为“失去平衡”。 答案：of To restore calm, I put on my outdoor equipment, grabbed my skis (滑雪板) and 3.___________(go) to the park.I skied at 4. slow steady pace.I listened to the sound of the snow beneath my skis and the wind blowing through the bare branches of the trees. 3．考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，空处与句中的put、grabbed是并列谓语，时态为一般过去时，空处应用动词的过去式。 答案：went 4．考查冠词。分析句子结构可知， 此处泛指“一个缓慢而稳定的速度”，且slow的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 答案：a I was honest with myself，5. (acknowledge) that I was angry and could let it go.With each pass around the park, I felt my inner peace returning.I began to hear the birds singing.I noticed the wind had filled in my tracks with snow in some areas, creating a clean snowfield.I felt the 6. (strong) of my arms and legs as they worked together7. (make) the skiing an enjoyable experience.I felt the healing power of being in nature. 5．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作非谓语动词，与逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。 答案：acknowledging 6．考查词性转换。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的介词of可知，空处应用名词形式，作动词felt的宾语，strength意为“力量”，为不可数名词。 答案：strength 7．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。 答案：to make I forgave 8. (I) for reacting with anger when it served no purpose.I forgave those 9. gave me cause to lose my temper.My heart 10. (fill) with light and love for all in nature. 8．考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空处作动词forgave的宾语，且宾语与主语I一致，空处应用反身代词myself，表示“我自己”。 答案：myself 9．考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词those，先行词是代词those，且指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。 答案：who 10．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时；fill与主语My heart之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语My heart为第三人称单数， be动词应用was。 答案：was filled $$