U6 Period 4 Developing & Other parts-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

选择性必修 第二册 Unit 6　Survival 1 Period 4　Developing ideas & Other parts 2 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 精读课文 理解语篇 关键能力 互动探究 进阶提升 写作微练 课堂检测 素养达标 3 精读课文 理解语篇 4 Part 1　教材原文助读 Plan B①：Life on Mars? In the 1960s and 1970s， the greatest fear was that the human race， and possibly all advanced life forms② on the planet， could be wiped out③ by nuclear missiles④，just at the push of a button . Today， however， environmental problems have taken over⑥ as the greatest risk to⑦ life on Earth.Scientists are thinking of ways to 5 lower⑧ this risk， such as replacing coal and oil with⑨ forms of renewable energy⑩. But they are also preparing for the worst： what can we do if the terrifying⑪ scenes in films such as The Day After Tomorrow happen in real life? What is our Plan B for Earth?  that引导的表语从句。 ①Plan B (第一方案不可行的情况下使用的)第二行动方案，次选方案 ②advanced life forms高级的生命体 advanced/ədˈvɑːnst/adj.高级的；先进的 ③wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭 ④nuclear missiles核导弹 nuclear/ˈnjuːkliə/adj.核武器的；原子核的 7 ⑤at the push of a button字面意思为“只要按一下按钮(用于强调机器容易操作)”，可引申为“轻易地，容易地”。 ▶You can’t expect to get everything you need at the push of a button.你不能指望轻易地得到自己需要的一切。 ⑥take over 占上风；取而代之 ⑦the risk to... 对……的危害 ⑧lower熟词生义vt.& vi.减少，降低 ⑨replace...with/by...用……替代…… replace vt.用……替换，以……接替 ⑩renewable energy 可再生能源 [派生构词]re- (前缀，意为“再”)＋new (adj.新的)＋-able (常见的形容词后缀，意为“可以……的”)→renewable (adj.可再生的) ⑪terrifying/ˈterIfaIIŋ/adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 terrify vt.使惊吓，使恐惧 B计划：在火星上生活? 在20世纪60和70年代，最大的恐惧就是只需按一下按钮，人类以及或许地球上所有高级的生命体都可能会被核导弹彻底毁灭。然而，如今，环境问题已经取而代之，成为地球上生命的最大威胁。科学家们正在思考降低这种风险的方法，比如以各种可再生能源替代煤和石油。但是他们也在为最坏的情况做准备：如果《后天》等电影里的恐怖场景发生在现实生活当中，我们能怎么办?对地球，我们的B计划是什么? 10 One option⑫ is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. The most likely choice is Mars，which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile⑬ than that of other planets. Mars has fascinated people since ancient times， and today our interest in Martian exploration⑭ is greater than ever before. Films such as The Martian enjoy worldwide popularity⑮.More governments and organisations are making efforts to educate the public on⑯ the Red Planet， for example， the Mars Desert Research Station in the Utah desert of the US and the Mars Village in North-west China’s Qinghai Province.  11 动词不定式短语作表语。 动词不定式作目的状语，其中if引导宾语从句，作see的宾语。 which引导的非限制性定语从句，which在从句中作主语；that替代了an environment。 12 ⑫option n.[C，U]可选择的事物，选择 have no option but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事 ⑬hostile/ˈhɒstaIl/adj.(生存环境)恶劣的，不利的 ⑭Martian exploration 火星探索 ⑮enjoy worldwide popularity 在全世界范围内受欢迎 ⑯educate sb.on/in sth.在某事上对某人予以教育 13 一种选择是探索其他星球，看看我们能否在上面生活。最有可能的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境也没有其他星球那么恶劣。自古以来，火星就令人们着迷，如今我们对探索火星的兴趣比以往任何时候都要强烈，《火星救援》这样的电影在世界各地广受欢迎。更多的政府和组织正在努力对公众进行有关“红色星球”的教育，譬如美国犹他州荒漠中的火星沙漠研究站和中国西北部青海省的火星村。 14 Since the 1960s，we have been sending unmanned spacecraft⑰ to Mars.Our probes⑱ have orbited⑲ the planet，sending back valuable data and stunning images⑳. Our robots have explored the Martian surface， testing the soil and searching for resources，water and signs of life .Encouraged by discoveries over the years， space agencies㉑ of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years.  15 均为动词-ing短语作伴随状语。 过去分词短语作原因状语。 that引导的定语从句，修饰manned missions。 16 ⑰unmanned spacecraft无人驾驶宇宙飞船 manned spacecraft载人宇宙飞船 manned mission 载人任务 ⑱probe n.[C](不载人)航天探测器 ⑲orbit/ˈɔːbIt/vi.& vt.环绕……运行 n.[C，U]轨道 ⑳stunning image 令人惊奇的图像 stunning/ˈstʌnIŋ/adj.极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 ㉑space agency 航天局 agency/ˈeIdʒ(ə)nsi/n.[C](尤指政府内的)局，部，处；机构 17 自20世纪60年代以来，我们不断地向火星发射无人驾驶宇宙飞船。我们的航天探测器围绕火星运行，发回了宝贵的数据和令人惊奇的图像。我们的机器人已经探索了火星表面，测试了土壤，寻找资源、水和生命迹象。受到多年来这些发现的鼓舞，各国航天机构正计划在未来25年内进行载人飞船登陆火星的任务。 18 There is no doubt that humankind is drawn㉒ towards Mars，with dreams of making it our second home. However，sending people there will require all the skill， courage and intelligence of the human race. While the Moon can be reached within days， it would take months to reach Mars， travelling through dangerous solar radiation㉓.And even if the first settlers㉔ do reach Mars safely， they may not be able to return to Earth—ever. Staying alive will be a daily challenge， but as proved by the Biosphere㉕ 19 2 experiment ， not impossible.As early as the 1980s，scientists were building Biosphere 2 in the Arizona desert.It consisted of㉖ a closed space in which people， animals and plants could live together . The “closed” concept meant that the space was designed to function㉗ with its own oxygen， food and water， needing nothing from the outside world . Although the two-year experiment was not a success， it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet . More recently，scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars. That definitely㉘ is a big step forward.  20 that引导的同位语从句，解释说明doubt。 while引导的让步状语从句。 do在句中强调谓语动词reach。 “连词＋过去分词”结构作方式状语。 “介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。 句中that引导宾语从句，从句中“needing nothing...world”为动词-ing短语作状语。 how引导的宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。 21 ㉒draw 熟词生义 vt.吸引，使感兴趣 ㉓solar radiation太阳辐射 ㉔settler n.[C]移民，殖民者 [词链]settle (vi.定居)→settlement (n.移民；定居点)→settler (n.) ㉕biosphere n.[sing.]生物圈 [派生构词]bio- (常见的名词、形容词前缀，意为“与生物有关的”)＋sphere (n.范围，领域)→biosphere 22 ㉖consist of 由……组成，由……构成 ㉗function熟词生义vi.起作用；正常工作；运转 ㉘definitely adv.肯定，没问题，当然，确实 23 毫无疑问，人类被火星吸引，梦想着把它变成我们的第二家园。不过，将人们送上火星需要人类全部的技能、勇气和智慧。抵达月球只需要几天，而前往火星则耗时数月，并且其间要穿越危险的太阳辐射。而且即便第一批移民者确实能够安全抵达火星，他们也可能永远无法返回地球。生存将是一个日常挑战，不过，正如生物圈2号实验所证实的那样，(外星生存)并非不可能实现。早在20世纪80年代，科学家们就在亚利桑那州的沙漠中建造 24 了生物圈2号。它由一个封闭的空间构成，人、动物和植物可以在其中共同生活。“封闭”这个概念意味着这个空间被设计成完全依靠内部的氧气、食物和水来运作，而不借助外界任何东西。尽管为期两年的实验并未取得成功，但它确实让我们更好地明白了人类如何能够在另一个星球上生活。最近，科学家们在类似火星的环境中成功培育出了各种各样的植物。这无疑是向前迈出的一大步。 25 For now㉙， human settlement of Mars is still decades away. In the meantime㉚，scientific research shows that the planet Earth is getting warmer. This change is being caused by human activity and is having a terrible effect on㉛ the biosphere.Until we are finally able to live on another planet，we need to take much better care of our own. Right now， it’s the only one we have! 26 ㉙for now意为“目前，暂时”，与本段最后一句中的Right now意思相同。 ㉚in the meantime 在此期间，与此同时 ㉛have a(n)...effect on... 对……有……影响 27 现在，人类在火星定居还要几十年的时间。与此同时，科学研究表明地球正在变暖。这种变化正是由人类活动引起，并且正对生物圈有着严重影响。在最终能够生活在另一个星球上之前，我们需要更好地照顾地球。现在，它是我们唯一拥有的家园! 28 简易百科 1.The Day After Tomorrow (《后天》) is a science-fiction disaster film based on the book The Coming Global Superstorm. The film depicts (描绘) the catastrophic (灾难性的) effects of climate change， with extreme weather events leading to global cooling and a new ice age. 2.The Martian (《火星救援》) is a science-fiction film based on Andy Weir’s novel of the same name. It is about an astronaut who is mistakenly presumed dead and left behind on Mars. The film depicts his struggle to survive and others’ efforts to rescue him. 29 Part 2　语篇研析 Read the text and choose the best answers. 1.What does Plan B mean in the text? A.Replacing coal and oil with renewable energy. B.Exploring other planets， such as Mars， to live on. C.Educating the public on the knowledge of space. D.Using robots to search for new resources. 答案：B 30 2.According to the text， what is most dangerous to life on our planet? A.Nuclear missiles. B.Environmental issues. C.Fossil fuels. D.Terrifying scenes in films. 答案：B 31 3.Why is the Biosphere 2 experiment mentioned in paragraph 4? A.To show the success we have made in exploring space. B.To remind us the difficulty of staying alive on Mars. C.To inform us of what is required living on Mars. D.To indicate living on Mars is possible. 答案：D 32 4.What’s the author’s attitude towards Plan B? A.Optimistic.　　　　　 B.Objective. C.Skeptical. D.Indifferent. 答案：A 33 关键能力 互动探究 34 词汇识记 核心单词 1.advanced adj.高级的；先进的 advance v.& n.前进；进展 Despite the fact that I have previewed the lesson in advance，I still find advanced maths difficult to learn.To make more advances，I must study harder. 尽管我已经提前预习了，但我仍然觉得高等数学很难学。为了取得更大的进步，我必须更加努力学习。 2.wipe v.擦，拭，揩 wipe out 彻底摧毁，消灭；擦去 I wiped away the girl’s tears，comforting gently，“Such effective medicine can wipe out your infection.” 我擦去女孩的眼泪，温柔地安慰她说：“这种有效的药可以消除你的感染。” 3.nuclear adj.核武器的 It can be inferred from his words that a destructive nuclear war will not happen between the two countries. 从他的话中可以推断，两国之间不会发生毁灭性的核战争。 4.terrifying adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的 terrified adj.非常害怕的；极度恐慌的 terrify vt.使害怕；使恐慌 terror n.恐惧 The terrifying pest terrified me so much that I fled in terror.Even if I was in a safe place a few minutes later，I still felt terrified and my heart was pounding wildly. 那只可怕的害虫把我吓坏了，我吓得逃跑了。即使几分钟后我在一个安全的地方，我仍然感到害怕，我的心狂跳不停。 5.hostile adj.(生长环境)恶劣的 Many rare animals are living in a hostile environment and they are in danger of dying out. 许多珍稀动物生活在恶劣的环境中，濒临灭绝。 6.orbit v.环绕……运行 What is known to us is that the earth takes a year to orbit around the sun. 我们所知道的是地球绕太阳公转一周需要一年的时间。 7.agency n.机构；(尤指政府内的)局，部，处 agent n.代理人，代理商 I am one of the advanced agents in the company which has agencies in all parts of Asia. 我是公司的高级代理商之一，该公司在亚洲各地都有代理机构。 8.consist v.组成 consist of由……组成，由……构成 A good education should consist of not only theoretical knowledge， but also practical skills. 良好的教育应该不仅包含理论知识，还包括实践技能。 9.infer v.推断，推定 inference n.推断的结果 To make proper inferences，you should infer facts rather than assumptions. 要做出正确的推论，你应该推断事实而不是假设。 10.expose v.使暴露(于险境) (1)expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……接触…… (2)exposure n.暴露 Exposing your skin to the sun for too long is harmful to you and too much exposure may likely result in skin cancer. 皮肤在阳光下暴晒太久对身体有害，而且过度暴晒有可能导致皮肤癌。 11.astronaut n.宇航员，太空人 astronomy n.天文学 astronomer n.天文学家 The astronaut has had an appetite for astronomy and admired astronomers ever since his childhood. 这位航天员从小就对天文学很有兴趣，而且很崇拜天文学家。 12.dust n.沙土，尘土 dusty adj.满是灰尘的 The house in the suburbs is covered with dust and I must spare some time to clean the dusty furniture. 郊区的房子积满了灰尘，我必须抽出时间清理积满灰尘的家具。 13.trunk n.树干 The strong wind blew a branch off the tree trunk，causing a traffic jam. 狂风把一根树枝从树干上刮了下来，造成了交通堵塞。 阅读单词 1.Mars n.火星 2.unmanned adj.无人驾驶(操纵)的 3.spacecraft n.航天器，宇宙飞船 4.stunning adj.极具吸引力的；令人惊奇的 5.capsule n.(航天器的)密封舱，太空舱 默写练习 【限时：10分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1. ___________ adj.核武器的 2. ___________ v.环绕……运行 3. ___________ n.机构；(尤指政府内的)局，部，处 4. ___________ v.组成 5. ___________ v.推断，推定 nuclear orbit agency consist infer 6. ___________ n.宇航员，太空人 7. ___________ n.树干 8.advance v.& n.前进；进展→___________ adj.高级的；先进的 9.terrify vt.使惊吓，使恐惧→___________ adj.极其可怕的，骇人听闻的→___________ adj.非常害怕的；极度恐慌的 10.expose v.使暴露(于险境)→___________ n.暴露 11.dust n.沙土，尘土→___________ adj.布满灰尘的 astronaut trunk advanced terrifying terrified exposure dusty Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1.After a long journey through the desert，his black hat was the brown color of the earth and his clothes were ___________ (dust) and torn.  2.Many big cities have equipped their subway stations with a series of ___________ (advance) security devices. 3.This experience is so ___________ (terrify) that I regret having come here with you. dusty advanced terrifying 4.It’s said that there is a direct link between long-time ___________ (expose) to the sun and skin cancer. 5.Much of the meaning must ___________ (infer) from the context，so what we need to do is understand the context perfectly.  exposure be inferred Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1. ___________ 彻底摧毁，消灭  2. ___________ 由……构成，由……组成  3. _______________ 在此期间，与此同时   wipe out consist of in the meantime Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1.The atmosphere ___________ more than 70% nitrogen (氮气) and 21% oxygen.  2.He suffered a great deal when he was young； nothing could ___________ his bitter memories of the past.  3.Our new product will go on the market. ________________， we have a lot of work to do.  consists of wipe out In the meantime 词汇精研 1.consist of由……组成，由……构成 [教材原文]　It consisted of a closed space in which people， animals and plants could live together. 它由一个封闭的空间构成，人、动物和植物可以在其中共同生活。 (1)consist in主要在于； 存在于 consist with和……一致； 并存； 相符 (2)be made up of=be composed of由……组成 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①Life mainly consists ___________ happiness and sorrow while happiness consists ___________ struggle. Remember that your ideal life doesn’t always consist ___________ the reality. ②这个电影由两部分组成，介绍了我校的现状。 →The film，_________________________________________， introduces the present situation of our school.(分词短语作定语)  →The film，_____________________________________________ ________， introduces the present situation of our school.(定语从 句)  of in with consisting of/made up of/composed of two parts which consists of/is made up of/is composed of two parts [教材原文]　...we can infer that the Moon is less exposed to dangerous radiation than Mars. ……我们可以推断出，与火星相比，月球受到的危险辐射更少。 2.expose v.使暴露(于险境)；揭露；使曝光；使接触到…… (1)expose...to...使……暴露于……；使……接触…… be exposed to...暴露于…… (2)exposure n.暴露 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/补全句子/句式升级 ①(人教选必2U2) ___________ (expose) to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. ②The more one is exposed ___________ the English-speaking environment， the better he or she will learn the language. Exposure to ③If you ____________________ (暴露在) sunlight for a long time， you will get sunburned.  →_________________________________________________________________________(分词短语作状语)  →___________________________________________________________________ (动名词短语作主语)  expose yourself to Exposed to/Exposing yourself to sunlight for a long time， you will get sunburned. Being exposed to sunlight for a long time will make you sunburned. 句式剖析 1.替代词 [教材原文]　(1)The most likely choice is Mars， which is relatively close to Earth and has an environment less hostile than that of other planets. 最有可能的选择是火星，它离地球相对较近，环境也没有其他星球那么恶劣。 (2)More recently， scientists have succeeded in growing a variety of plants in an environment similar to that on Mars. 最近，科学家们在类似火星的环境中成功培育出了各种各样的植物。 这两句中的that分别代替前面提到的environment，以避免重复。 (1)that表示特指，代替上文出现的同类的单数可数名词或不可数名词，相当于“the＋单数名词”。those表示特指，代替上文出现的复数名词，相当于“the＋复数名词”； (2)it表示特指，用来指代上文提到的同一个事物，可替代单数名词或不可数名词； (3)one表示泛指，代替上文出现的同类的单数可数名词，相当于“a/an＋单数名词”。代替复数名词时使用ones。 [即学即练]—— 选词填空(that/those/it/one) ①I have lost my pen.I am going to buy ___________. ②The bridge built of steel is stronger than _________ built of stone. ③I like this house with a beautiful garden in front， but I don’t have enough money to buy ___________. ④At our factory there are a few machines similar to ___________ described in this magazine. one that it those [教材原文]　There is no doubt that humankind is drawn towards Mars， with dreams of making it our second home. 毫无疑问，人类被火星吸引，梦想着把它变成我们的第二家园。 2.There is no doubt that... 句中There is no doubt that...意为“毫无疑问……”。that引导的是同位语从句，用来说明doubt的具体内容。 (1)同位语从句通常用that， whether， what， which， when， where， why， how等词引导，常放在hope， wish， idea， news， fact， promise， opinion， suggestion， advice， truth， evidence，problem等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容； (2)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(译林选必3U2)As we learn more about the universe， we may one day answer the question ___________ there is life on other planets. ②We haven’t yet settled the question ___________ we are going to spend our summer vacation. whether where ③(译林选必2U1)When we come across such factual differences， we should not rush to the conclusion ___________ one of the news reports gives false information. ④毫无疑问，剪纸是中国的传统文化之一。 _____________________ paper-cutting is one of the traditional Chinese cultures.(应用文佳句之文化传统)  that There is no doubt that [教材原文]　(1)And even if the first settlers do reach Mars safely， they may not be able to return to Earth—ever. 而且即便第一批移民者确实能够安全抵达火星，他们也可能永远无法返回地球。 3.句型公式：do/does/did＋动词原形 (2)Although the two-year experiment was not a success， it did provide us with a better understanding of how humans might be able to live on another planet. 尽管为期两年的实验并未取得成功，但它确实让我们更好地明白了人类如何能够在另一个星球上生活。 “do/does/did＋动词原形”构成强调句，意为“确实，的确”，用来加强谓语动词的语气，但必须符合以下条件： (1)句子是肯定句； (2)句子的时态为一般现在时或一般过去时； (3)只能用来强调谓语动词，若强调主语、宾语、表语、状语等，则应用It is/was...that/who...进行强调。 [即学即练]—— 完成句子 ①这些小小的举动确实让人们感受到了节日的温暖。 These small acts _____________________________ of the festival.(续写佳句之场景描写)  ②(北师必修1U1)事实上，我非常清楚我有时需要强迫自己不上网，特别是因为现实生活也可以一样有趣。 Actually， I _____________________________________ the online world sometimes， especially because real life can be just as interesting.  ③老师的确希望我参加下周举行的演讲比赛。 The teacher ________________________________________ to be held next week.  did make people feel the warmth do know I need to drag myself away from does hope I will take part in the speech contest 进阶提升 写作微练 课文词汇 1.explore other planets 探索其他星球 2.send unmanned spacecraft to Mars 向火星发射无人驾驶宇宙飞船 3.orbit the planet 绕行星轨道运行 4.send back valuable data and stunning images 发回宝贵的数据和令人惊叹的图像 5.explore the Martian surface 探索火星表面 6.live on another planet 生活在另一个星球上 太空探索 补充词汇 7.scientific research 科学探索 8.explore the unknown 探索未知 9.space station 空间站 课本原句 1.Scientists are thinking of ways to lower this risk， such as replacing coal and oil with forms of renewable energy. 科学家们正在思考降低这种风险的方法，比如以各种可再生能源替代煤和石油。 2.One option is to explore other planets to see if we could live on them. 一种选择是探索其他星球，看看我们能否在上面生活。 3.Our robots have explored the Martian surface， testing the soil and searching for resources， water and signs of life. 我们的机器人已经探索了火星表面，测试了土壤，寻找资源、水和生命迹象。 4.Encouraged by discoveries over the years， space agencies of various countries are planning manned missions to Mars that could take place within the next 25 years. 受到多年来这些发现的鼓舞，各国航天机构正计划在未来 25 年内进行载人飞船登陆火星的任务。 5.Until we are finally able to live on another planet， we need to take much better care of our own. 在最终能够生活在另一个星球上之前，我们需要更好地照顾地球。 其他表达 6.Astronaut Wang Yaping expressed the hope that the live class from Tiangong could guide more young people to look up at the stars and plant the seeds of “loving science， pursuing dreams and exploring the unknown” in their hearts. 航天员王亚平表示，希望来自“天宫”的直播课能引导更多的年轻人仰望星空，并在他们的心中播下“热爱科学、追求梦想、探索未知”的种子。 7.As China’s national space lab， the space station Tiangong is expected to play a unique role in encouraging the public， especially the youth， to explore space and carry forward the scientific spirit. 作为中国的国家空间实验室，天宫空间站有望在鼓励公众，特别是年轻人，探索太空和弘扬科学精神方面发挥其独特的作用。 1.现在我们有了自己的空间站，我相信在未来，中国人一定会进一步深入太空。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As we have our own space station right now， I believe that in the future， Chinese people will surely step further into deep space.  2.在航天专业人员的支持和艰苦训练下，他们有信心、决心和能力来完成这项任务。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ With the support of space professionals and painstaking training， they have the confidence， determination and ability to accomplish this mission. 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.With the help of the ___________ (先进的) technology， we complete the task ahead of time. 2.In 1957， the Soviet Union launched the first satellite to __________ (环绕……运行) the earth. 3.The old man was so tired that he sat down against the ___________ (树干) of the tree and fell asleep. advanced orbit trunk 4.This technique will enable ___________ (航天员) to explore in space more safely. 5.We should place equal emphasis on development and security， and develop ___________ (核武器的) energy on the basis of security. 6.The space ___________ (局) is in charge of native scientific research and experiments in space. astronauts nuclear agency 7.Don’t forget to wear a mask， because being ___________ (暴露)to frequent haze does great harm to your health. 8.Much of the meaning of the sentence must be ___________ (推断) from the context. exposed inferred Ⅱ.完成句子 1.我确实想改变现状，但是不知道该怎么办。 I ___________ to change the situation， but I don’t know how.  2.在冬季，北京的天气比广州要冷得多。 In winter， the weather in Beijing is _______________________ in Guangzhou.  do want much colder than that 3.这本集子是由诗、散文和短篇小说三部分组合而成的。 This collection ___________ three parts： poems， essays and short stories.  4.毫无疑问，你有足够的资格和经验来表达你的想法，因为你有丰富的技能。 _____________________ you are qualified enough and experienced in presenting your ideas， because of your abundant skills.  5.火势如此大以至于消防员用了好几个小时才控制住火势。 The fire was so big that it was several hours before firefighters __________________________.  consists of There is no doubt that brought the fire under control 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.The room is ___________ (dust) so you have to clean it carefully before moving in. 2.Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems _________ (consist) of heat detectors， smoke detectors and sprinklers. 3.One is the soil preservation project， which resulted in farmers replacing their crops ___________ trees or grass. dusty consisting with/by 4.The whole country makes efforts to launch a campaign ___________ (wipe) out this new kind of disease.  5.Though the Smiths and my family were neighbors for ten years， I lost contact ___________ them when they moved away. 6.We can infer ___________ the report that some groups of boys are actually in trouble. 7.Parents should be aware of the fact that ___________ (expose) to lead (铅) will cause damage to the brains of young children. to wipe with from exposure 8.Without more training or ___________ (advance) technical skills， they will be defeated by other competitors finally. 9.She was so ___________ (terrify) at this that she ran crying and screaming to her mother. 10.Eventually your child will leave home to lead his own life， but ___________ the meantime he will always rely on your emotional support. advanced terrified in Ⅱ.完成句子 1.(译林必修2U1)我确实记得我第一次听到全世界最甜美的声音时的 情景。(强调谓语) I _______________ the first time I heard the sweetest voice in the wide world.  2.火星是否能成为人类的第二个家园仍有一些疑问。(同位语从句) There is still some doubt______________________________________ ___________.  3.我要搬到农村去，因为那里的空气比城市里的清新得多。(替代词) I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is________________ ___________ in the city.  do remember whether Mars can be the second home for humans much fresher than that Ⅲ.阅读理解 As we continue to explore farther out into our solar system and beyond， the question of humans living on other planets often comes up. Manned bases on the Moon or Mars， for example， have long been a dream of many. There is a natural desire to explore as far as we can go， and also to extend humanity’s presence on a permanent or at least semi-permanent basis. In order to do this， however， it is necessary to adapt to different extreme environments. On the Moon， for example， a colony must be self-sustaining and protect its inhabitants from the airless， harsh environment outside. Mars， though， is different. While future bases could adapt to the Martian environment over time， there is also the possibility of modifying the surrounding environment instead of just coexisting with it. This is the process of terraforming—adjusting Mars’ atmosphere and environment to make it more Earth-like. But the bigger question is， should we? One of the main issues is whether Mars has any native life or not and if it does， should it be preserved as much as possible? If the answer is yes， then large-scale human settlement on Mars should be completely off-limits. Small colonies might be fine， but living on Mars should not be at the expense of any native inhabitants， if they exist. If Mars is home to any indigenous life， then terraforming should be a non-issue；it simply should not be done. What if Mars is lifeless? Even if no life exists there， that untouched and unique alien environment needs to be preserved as it is as much as possible. We’ve already done too much damage here on our own planet. By studying Mars and other planets and moons in their current natural state， we can learn so much about their history and also learn more about our own world. We should appreciate the differences of other worlds instead of just transforming them to suit our own ambitions. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。移居到地球以外的星球一直是人类探索的方向。如果我们移居到火星上就有可能将火星地球化。但是考虑到火星上有原始生命或者即使无生命也应保持其原状以便我们了解到更多东西，我们不应该将火星地球化。 1.What does the author think we should do if life is found on Mars? A.Ensure that it’s not harmed. B.Negotiate with the Martians. C.Change the unpopulated regions. D.Assess the advantages and disadvantages. 答案：A 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“large-scale human settlement on Mars should be completely off-limits”“living on Mars should not be at the expense of any native inhabitants， if they exist”和“it simply should not be done”可知，如果火星上有生命存在，我们应当避免大规模移民，尽力保护其不受伤害。 2 3 1 4 2.What does the underlined word “indigenous” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Complex.　　　　　　　 B.Native. C.Foreign. D.Intelligent. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句及尾句中的“then terraforming should be a non-issue；it simply should not be done”可知，火星上有原始生命的话，我们就不应该使火星地球化。因此画线词与B项词义相近。 2 3 1 4 3.How does the author develop his ideas in the text? A.By referring to others’ research. B.By evaluating different planets. C.By justifying the benefits of terraforming. D.By arguing in support of one viewpoint. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 写作手法题。根据第二段尾句“But the bigger question is，should we?”和第三段以及第四段的内容可知，作者先提出一个问题，然后通过讨论两种情况来论述自己的观点。 2 3 1 4 4.What is the best title for the text? A.Is There Life on Mars? B.Can We Adapt to Mars? C.Should We Terraform Mars? D.Are Mars and Earth so Different? 答案：C 2 3 1 4 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文是围绕第二段尾句“But the bigger question is，should we?”提出的问题展开议论的，又结合下文论述的不应该以牺牲火星上的原始生命为代价而去改变火星上的环境以适应人类的生存，以及即使火星上无生命我们也应让它保持原状以便我们了解到更多东西可知，C项最适合作为本文标题。 2 3 1 4 Ⅳ.阅读七选五 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当你计划应对自然灾害时所要采取的步骤。 Natural disasters are terrifying and come without warning， and this underlines the need for disaster management. Natural disasters may cause deaths of crops or damage to properties without warning. Emergency management can reduce the damage and save more lives than if there are no systems set up for disaster security. There are steps to take when you plan for a natural disaster. Here’s a list of some of them： 1.Ask your local emergency management office for reminders of disasters and emergency management steps.　1　You may also request a list of emergency steps that should be done in each type of disaster.  1 2 3 4 5 A.Find out what they sound like and what they mean. B.Discuss the dangers of different types of natural disasters. C.Try to understand why these signals sound unfamiliar to you. D.Everyone should try to reach it when a natural disaster happens. E.Prepare some water and food that should be enough for three days. F.Find out any disaster management plan that your community has. G.This is also the best time to ask what kind of disaster may likely take place. 1 2 3 4 5 答案：G 设空处与上下文构成的语境为：向当地应急管理办公室询问灾害提醒和应急管理措施→　1　→你也可以要求一份每一种灾难中应该采取的紧急措施的列表。设空处承上启下，G项“这也是询问可能发生何种灾难的最佳时机”符合语境。G项中的ask是复现词，what kind of disaster与空后的each type of disaster照应。  1 2 3 4 5 2.Each community has its own set of emergency signals.　2　. Knowing what to do at once gives you a head start in any emergency.  1 2 3 4 5 2 3 4 5 A.Find out what they sound like and what they mean. B.Discuss the dangers of different types of natural disasters. C.Try to understand why these signals sound unfamiliar to you. D.Everyone should try to reach it when a natural disaster happens. E.Prepare some water and food that should be enough for three days. F.Find out any disaster management plan that your community has. G.This is also the best time to ask what kind of disaster may likely take place. 答案：A 1 根据空前“Each community has its own set of emergency signals.”可知，本段主要讲述要对社区的紧急信号有所了解。A项“弄清楚它们听起来像什么以及它们是什么意思”符合语境，A项中的they指代空前句中的emergency signals。 2 3 4 5 1 3.　3　Include discussions on what is likely to happen and what should be done in such cases. Plan how each one of you will react and what the responsibilities of each one are， in order to be able to work as a team.  2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A.Find out what they sound like and what they mean. B.Discuss the dangers of different types of natural disasters. C.Try to understand why these signals sound unfamiliar to you. D.Everyone should try to reach it when a natural disaster happens. E.Prepare some water and food that should be enough for three days. F.Find out any disaster management plan that your community has. G.This is also the best time to ask what kind of disaster may likely take place. 答案：B 1 结合文中第4点和第5点开头句可知，此处应选祈使句作为本段的主旨句。由空后提到“包括关于在这种情况下可能会发生什么以及应该做什么的讨论”可知，设空句应提及关键词discuss。B项“讨论不同类型自然灾害的危害”符合语境。 2 3 4 5 1 4.Set a meeting place in case of a natural disaster. It should be one within the vicinity (附近) of your workplace or home， and one outside your immediate vicinity.　4　Agree on an emergency telephone that everyone should try to call.  2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A.Find out what they sound like and what they mean. B.Discuss the dangers of different types of natural disasters. C.Try to understand why these signals sound unfamiliar to you. D.Everyone should try to reach it when a natural disaster happens. E.Prepare some water and food that should be enough for three days. F.Find out any disaster management plan that your community has. G.This is also the best time to ask what kind of disaster may likely take place. 答案：D 1 上文提到设置一个会面地点，以防发生自然灾害，它应该是一个在你的工作场所或家附近的地点，一个在你紧邻场所的外面的地点。因此设空句应进一步解释为何选择这样的地点作为会面地点，D项“当自然灾害发生时，每个人都应该设法到达那里”为合理解释，符合语境。 2 3 4 5 1 5.Prepare a disaster supply toolbox. Stock it with first aid supplies.　5　Prepare emergency lights like flashlights with batteries. Include a battery-powered radio in the kit so you can listen to updates.  2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5 A.Find out what they sound like and what they mean. B.Discuss the dangers of different types of natural disasters. C.Try to understand why these signals sound unfamiliar to you. D.Everyone should try to reach it when a natural disaster happens. E.Prepare some water and food that should be enough for three days. F.Find out any disaster management plan that your community has. G.This is also the best time to ask what kind of disaster may likely take place. 答案：E 1 $$