U2 Period 3 Using language-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

选择性必修 第二册 Unit 2　Improving yourself Period 3　Using language 单元语法：Past perfect passive (过去完成时的被动语态) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 关键能力 互动探究 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 核心语法 专项突破 知识点1　构成 1.肯定结构：had＋been＋过去分词 2.否定结构：hadn’t＋been＋过去分词 知识点2　基本用法 1.过去完成时的被动语态表示动作在过去某时间或某一动作之前已经发生或完成，且主语与谓语动词之间存在被动关系。 ◆Though he had been told my telephone number many times， he still couldn’t remember it. 虽然已经告诉他我的电话号码很多次了，但他还是记不住。 ◆By the time Tom got to the golf club，the first period had been finished. 当汤姆到达高尔夫俱乐部时，第一阶段已经结束了。 2.用在told，said，knew，heard，thought，wondered等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被完成。 ◆The boy was told that his politics paper had not been handed in. 这个男孩被告知他还没有交政治试卷。 ◆The media reported more than 1，000 people had been killed in the earthquake of this district. 媒体报道有1 000多人在这个地区的地震中丧生。 3.在It was the first/second/...time that...句型中，that从句的主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 ◆It was the first time that the meeting had been held in Beijing. 那是该会议第一次在北京召开。 4.在虚拟语气中，条件句表示与过去的事实相反，且主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 ◆If I had been invited earlier， I would have gone there. 如果早点儿邀请我的话，我就去那儿了。 5.根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，先发生的被动动作用过去完成时的被动语态。 ◆As the assignment had been done，he switched on the TV and lay on the sofa，very relaxed. 因为任务已经完成了，他打开电视并躺在沙发上，非常放松。 关键能力 互动探究 词汇精研 1.appropriate adj.恰当的；合适的 [教材原文]　Use the past perfect passive where appropriate. 在合适的地方运用过去完成时的被动式。 (1)be appropriate for/to适合…… It is appropriate (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是合适的。 It is appropriate that...(should) do...……做……是合适的。 (2)appropriately adv.恰当地，合适地 inappropriate adj.不适当的，不合适的 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①(北师选必2U6)A key question is obviously how close to the original the film is. Since a typical film is only around two hours long， it becomes a question for screenwriters to decide what is appropriate _________ the screen and what to leave out. ②(译林选必2U3)As the technology continues to develop at a fast pace， however， questions arise about how to use genome editing _____________ (appropriate). for appropriately ③Bad customs and laws ought to be abolished (废除)， since they are _____________ (appropriate) for the development of society. ④(2022·全国甲卷)It is appropriate for us to do small things in our routine life to protect our oceans. →___________________________________________ in our routine life to protect our oceans.  inappropriate It is appropriate that we (should) do small things [教材原文]　How to promote values education. 如何推进价值观教育。 2.promote v.促进，增进；提升，晋升；推广，推销(商品等) (1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 (2)promotion n.提升，晋升；晋级；促进 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(北师选必3U7)Professor Salovey， who invented the term EQ， gives the following description： at work， it is IQ that gets you employed， but it is EQ that gets you _________ (promote). ②He got rapid _________ (promote) because of his good attitude towards work， and ended up as a manager. ③登山不仅使我们亲近了大自然，还增进了我们之间的友谊。 Not only did the mountain climbing get us close to nature， but it also __________________________________.(应用文佳句之叙事)  promoted promotion promoted the friendship among us 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.He __________________ (trap) in the forest for five hours by the time the rescue team arrived.  2.It was the third time that the teacher ________________ (ask) the same question by his students.  3.When Li Ming hurried home， he found that his mother_________ _______ (send) to the hospital.  4.If the medicine ________________ (take) by me yesterday， I would not be so ill now.  5.Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who ________________ (cheat) of her money.  had been trapped had been asked had been sent had been taken had been cheated Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.有人提醒那个男孩，他的篮球还没被找到。 The boy was reminded that his basketball __________________.  2.他说这本书已经被翻译成20多种语言。 He said this book ___________________ into over 20 languages.  3.消息传来，李华已经被北京大学录取了。 Word came that Li Hua _______________________ Peking University.  had not been found had been translated had been admitted to/into 4.新计划在会议开始之前有被讨论过吗? _____________________________ before the meeting began?  5.那是第一次他受到老师的惩罚。 It was the first time that he ___________________ by the teacher.  Had the new plan been discussed had been punished 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.All water traffic and tourist attractions _________________ (close) by Tuesday because the third typhoon of this year was on the way.  2.This Monday morning I was informed I _______________ (choose)as one of the three exchange students in our school.  3.Three apartments in the project __________________ (finish) as expected by the end of last month.  had been closed had been chosen had been finished 4.The police found that the house ________________ (break) into.  5.When we got there， we were told that the injured _____________ (send) to the nearest hospital.  6.If it ________________ (repair) earlier， the printing machine would not have broken down.  7.It was the first time that she ________________ (invite) to Harbin to see ice lanterns.  had been broken had been sent had been repaired had been invited 8.By November 15， more than 10，000 local people had made donations through the GoFundMe page and more than $30，000 ______________ (raise).  9.I thought it appropriate to check the house first， just in case something of worth _____________ (leave) behind.  10.If I _________________ (invite) earlier， I would have gone with you last night.  had been raised had been left had been invited Ⅱ.语法与写作 1.当我到达站台时，公共汽车已经开走了，我拖着沉重的脚步回到了家。 By the time I got to the stop，the bus __________________ and I dragged my feet back home.  2.据报道，已经为濒危野生动物建立了5个自然保护区。 It was reported that five natural reserves__________________________ ______________.  had already left had been built for endangered wild animals 3.令我们大为宽慰的是，在消防队员到达之前，大火已经被扑灭了。 Much to our relief，the fire ________________ before the firefighters arrived.  4.到上个月月底，一些最新型的教学设备已经被送往西藏的一些高中。 By the end of last month， some latest teaching equipment_________ _______________________ in Xizang.  had been put out had been sent to some high schools Ⅲ.用语篇练语法 Worse luck! First， food and drinking water 1. _____________ (use) up before we reached the destination. Then， my husband was speeding up the car when it suddenly 2. _________ (break) down. It turned out that the car 3. _____________ (suffer) engine failure. So we had to walk ahead along the road until our strength 4. _________ (give) out. We finally arrived at a small hotel， but to our despair， we found our money 5. _____________ (run) out of and that the had been used broke had suffered gave had been run batteries of our mobile phones 6._________ (wear) out. With the help of the owner of the hotel， we 7. _________ (charge) our mobile phones and got in touch with our friends to borrow some money. Then we 8. _____________ (provide) with a comfortable room and we were told that our car 9. _____________ (send) to the nearest garage. By the time the car was finally repaired， we 10.__________ ________ (stick) at the hotel for more than three days.  had worn charged were provided had been sent had been stuck Ⅳ.阅读理解 Smartphones are greatly changing the way we walk down the street. Office workers and young people are walking like the old as they constantly check emails and messages. Scientists have found mobile phones distract us and make us walk more slowly， with modest steps， to avoid falling over. The leader of the study said the walk is just like someone in their eighties.Researchers found people writing a text message walk more than twice as slowly as those without a phone， finding it harder to stay in a straight line. The scientists examined 252 people walking while reading a text message， writing one， speaking on their phones or without their phones at all. Writing a text is the hardest activity， causing people to look down at their phones 46 percent more， and 45 percent longer than reading a message. This led people to walk 118 percent more slowly than when they were without their phones. People walked almost a third more slowly while reading a text and 19 percent while talking on the phone. Smartphones were found to occupy people’s mind and stop people from walking in a straight line， putting them at greater risk of running into other people， cars or street lamps. This increased the need to slow down and take more careful steps. John Timmis said the idea for this study came from following someone walking down the street in the afternoon， who was walking as if he had had several drinks. I thought it was a bit early for that， then walked up alongside him and saw that he was on his phone. Simply being on the phone changes the way people walk. 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项关于手机改变人们走路方式的研究，因为手机占用了人们的大部分注意力，所以使用手机的人在走路的时候步幅更小，更加小心。 2 3 1 4 1.What does the underlined word “modest” mean in the second paragraph? A.Young.　　　　　　　 B.Straight. C.Low. D.Small. 答案：D 词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的walk more slowly和后面的to avoid falling over可推知，为了避免摔倒，我们走路速度会变慢，步子变小，所以修饰steps的画线形容词modest在句中的意思应该是“small”，表示“用小步”。 2 3 1 4 2.Based on the text， who walk the most slowly? A.Those not carrying phones. B.Those writing a text message. C.Those reading a text message. D.Those speaking on their phones. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Writing a text is the hardest activity ...reading a text and 19 percent while talking on the phone.”可知，与不带手机相比，看短信时，人们的走路速度会慢三分之一，打电话时会慢19%，而写短信会慢118%，所以写短信的人走路最慢。 2 3 1 4 3.What made people with phones take more careful steps? A.The need to walk straight. B.The desire to use their phones. C.The chance of possible accidents. D.The traffic jams during rush hours. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第四段的内容可知，研究发现，智能手机会占用人们的注意力，阻碍人们走直线，使他们更有可能撞到其他人、汽车或路灯，这增加了放慢速度和迈出更谨慎步伐的必要性。因此，行走时使用智能手机会增加发生事故的可能性，这让使用手机的人走路时更加小心。 2 3 1 4 4.What made John Timmis decide to do the research? A.Seeing office workers walking like the elderly. B.Seeing people walking in the street hurriedly. C.Watching young people who were walking normally. D.Watching a person who was walking in the street in a strange way. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“John Timmis said the idea for this study came from following someone walking down the street in the afternoon， who was walking as if he had had several drinks.”可知，John Timmis做这一研究的原因是他看见一个人以一种奇怪的方式在街上行走。 Ⅴ.语法填空 　　[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。针对手机成瘾带来的消极生活影响，三名挪威大学生开发了一款名叫Hold的应用程序。该应用程序鼓励人们通过远离手机获得积分，获得的积分可用作从电影票到食物和饮料的折扣。 We know that smartphone addiction can affect lives in negative ways. A 2017 University of Texas study claimed that merely 1._________(place) a smartphone in someone’s line of sight slowed down their productivity and reduced their grades. 2._________ earlier study from London found students who didn’t use smartphones saw their test scores increase by 6.4 percent.  1.答案：placing 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，that引导的从句是宾语从句，从句中谓语slowed前面是主语部分，表示“仅仅把智能手机放在某人的视线范围内”是一种抽象概念，因此设空处应用动词-ing形式placing。 2.答案：An 考查冠词。句意：伦敦早期的一项研究发现，不使用智能手机的学生看到他们的考试成绩提高了6.4%。此处表示泛指，earlier的发音以元音音素开头，且位于句首，首字母应大写，故填An。 It is 3._________(extreme) difficult to go through the social media detox. Some people have even tried punishing 4._________(they) for using their devices. Now， an app is being released (发行) in the UK that rewards people for staying away from their smartphones. The app， called Hold，5._________ (create) by three Norwegian university students， who found that positive rewarding was the most 6.________ (effect) way of motivating students to conquer smartphone addiction. Hold allows students to collect points for staying away from their devices between the hours of 7 a.m. 7._________ 11 p.m.；they get 10 points for every 20 minutes. The points 8._________(collect) can be used for discounts on everything from cinema tickets to food and drinks. A cinema ticket， for example， costs 60 points， or 2 hours’ staying away from a phone.  3.答案：extremely 考查词性转换。空后为形容词difficult，此处应用副词extremely作状语。 4.答案：themselves 考查代词。设空处位于punishing后面作宾语，they为人称代词主格，此处表示“惩罚他们自己”，用对应的反身代词themselves。 5.答案：was created 考查动词的时态和语态。该句中who引导非限制性定语从句，逗号前面的主句缺少谓语，主语the app与create之间是被动关系，且事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这款名为Hold的应用程序是由三名挪威大学生开发的，他们发现积极奖励是激励学生克服智能手机上瘾的最有效的方式。 6.答案：effective 考查词性转换。由空前的the most和空后的名词way可知，此处是形容词的最高级形式作定语修饰way，故填effective。 7.答案：and 考查连词。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。句意：Hold让学生在早上7点到晚上11点这十几个小时之间远离手机，从而获得积分；每20分钟可以获得10积分。 8.答案：collected 考查非谓语动词。该句中已有谓语can be used，故此处应用非谓语动词。这里表示“收集到的积分”，collect与points之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。 Over 120，000 people in Norway， of 9._________ 40% are college students， use the app. It’s now available 10._________ students from over 170 universities in the UK.  $$