U2 Period 2 Starting out & Understanding -【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

选择性必修 第二册 Unit 2　Improving yourself Period 2　Starting out & Understanding ideas—Language points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 进阶提升 写作微练 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 词汇识记 核心单词 1.security n.安全 secure adj.安全的；可靠的 v.获得，取得 Luckily，he secured a job as a security guard in a factory so that he got a relatively secure wage. 幸运的是，他在一家工厂找到了一份保安的工作，因此他有一份相对稳定的工资。 2.fundraising n.募捐，筹款 At present，it has become his routine to do 15 to 20 fundraising concerts every year. 如今，每年举办15至20场慈善音乐会已成为他的惯例。 3.switch v.(用开关)改变，转变 switch (sth.) off切断(电流等) switch (sth.) on接通(电流等)；开(电器) switch (from)...to...(从/由……)转变为…… Do bear in mind that you should switch on the light when coming in and switch it off when leaving. 请记住，你进来的时候要开灯，离开的时候要关灯。 4.motivate v.激发，激励 (1)motivate sb.to do sth.激发某人做某事 (2)motivation n.动机；动力 motivated adj.积极的；主动的 To strengthen our motivation，our head teacher spared no effort to motivate us to take part in varied activities and now we are more motivated than before. 为了增强我们的积极性，我们的班主任不遗余力地鼓励我们参加各种各样的活动，现在我们比以前积极多了。 5.occupy v.占用，占去(时间) (1)occupy oneself with sth./(in) doing sth.从事于……； 忙于…… (2)occupation n.工作；职业；占领 occupied adj.忙于；使用中 He is always occupied with his occupation，which occupies almost all of his time，and therefore，he has no leisure time. 他总是忙于他的工作，这几乎占据了他所有的时间，所以他没有闲暇时间。 6.profile n.概况 In the attachment，you will find my personal profile，so could you please help me polish it? 在附件里你可以找到我的个人简介，您可以帮我润色一下吗? 7.distract v.分散(注意力)，使分心 distracted adj.注意力分散的；思想不集中的 distracting adj.令人分心的 distraction n.分心，注意力分散；使人分心的事 Distracting computer games often distract you and you are so distracted that you can’t devote yourself to learning.Here I will offer you some advice on how to get rid of distraction. 令人分心的电脑游戏经常分散你的注意力，你太分心了以至于你无法专心学习。在这里，我将为你提供一些如何摆脱分心的建议。 8.constantly adv.持续不断地；经常地 constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的 As is well-known to us all，constant dropping wears away a stone.As a consequence，only if we work hard constantly can we achieve progress steadily. 众所周知，滴水穿石。因此，只有不断努力，我们才能稳步前进。 9.access n.接触的机会 (1)access to...……的通路； 利用……的权利 have/get access to (拥有或得到)……的权利/机会 (2)accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的 You can have access to Wi-Fi free of charge in the well-equipped group study room，so you can be accessible to whatever online information you need. 在设备齐全的小组自习室，你可以免费使用Wi-Fi网络，因此你可以获取你需要的任何在线信息。 10.rely v.(为生活或生存而)依赖 (1)rely on sb.to do sth.=rely on sb.’s doing sth.依靠某人做某事 rely on sb.for sth.依靠某人提供某物 rely on it that...相信……，指望…… (2)reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的 He is a reliable person and you can rely on him to help you analyse the problem objectively. 他是一个可靠的人，你可以依靠他帮你客观地分析这个问题。 11.deadline n.截止日期；最后期限 What made me disheartened was that I hadn’t handed in my report before the deadline. 使我沮丧的是我没有在截止日期前上交报告。 12.appropriate adj.恰当的；合适的 (1)be appropriate for/to适合…… It is appropriate (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是合适的。 It is appropriate that...should do...……做……是合适的。 (2)appropriately adv.恰当地，合适地 The book was written in a style appropriate to the age of the children. 这本书的文体适合儿童阅读。 13.spit v.吐口水，吐唾沫 Notices in the waiting district request that people neither smoke nor spit. 等候区的告示要求人们不要吸烟也不要吐痰。 14.considerate adj.替他人着想的 consider v.考虑；认为 consideration n.仔细考虑；深思 considerable adj.相当多的；值得考虑的 I recommend our monitor，a considerate，polite and charming person，to be your assistant. 我推荐我们的班长做你的助手，他体贴、有礼貌且很有魅力。 15.promote v.促进，增进 (1)promote sb.(from sth.) to sth.把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位 (2)promotion n.提升，促进 The event was organized to promote cultural exchange between different countries. 该活动旨在促进不同国家之间的文化交流。 16.clarify v.澄清，讲清楚，阐明 clarification n.澄清，阐明 Thank you for allowing me to clarify the present situation and I sincerely hope that my clarification can promote each other’s understanding. 感谢您允许我澄清目前的情况，我真诚地希望我的澄清能够促进彼此的理解。 阅读单词 1.moderator n.主持人 2.detox n.脱瘾 3.towel n.毛巾 4.procrastination n.拖延 5.headphones n.(头戴式)耳机 6.bin n.垃圾箱 默写练习 【限时：10分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1. _________ v.(用开关)改变，转换 2. _________ n.概况 3. _________ n.截止时间；最后期限 4. _________ v.澄清，讲清楚，阐明 5.secure adj.安全的；可靠的→_________ n.安全；保证；担保 switch profile deadline clarify security 6.motivate v.激发，激励→_________ n.动机；动力→_________ adj.积极的；主动的 7.occupy v.占用，占去(时间)；占据；占领→__________ n.工作；职业；占领→_________ adj.忙于；使用中 8.constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的 n.常数，恒量；不变的 事物→_________ adv.持续不断地；经常地 9.access n.接触的机会→___________ adj.可进入的；可使用的 motivation motivated occupation occupied constantly accessible 10.rely v.(为生活或生存而)依赖→_________ adj.可信赖的；可靠的 11.appropriate adj.恰当的；合适的→____________ adv.恰当地，合适地 12.consider v.考虑；认为→__________ adj.替他人着想的→____________ n.仔细考虑；深思→____________ adj.相当多的；值得考虑的 13.promote v.促进，增进→___________ n.提升，促进 reliable appropriately considerate consideration considerable promotion Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1.Having _________ to the Internet at home is a huge step in making online education __________ to everybody.(access) 2.My friend is a _________ (rely) person， and you can rely on it that he will give you a hand when you are in need. 3.You must ensure their _________ (secure) when you take the children to the park. 4.I think this is a way of learning through practice， and adjustments are _________ (constant) made in the process. access accessible reliable security constantly 5.Most people think a certain amount of stress is vital to provide ____________ and give purpose to life and it is generally accepted that people _____________ by success.(motivate)  6. ___________ (occupy) herself with routine office tasks， she had no time to attend to her children. motivation are motivated Occupying Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1. ___________________ 被说服做某事  2. _________ (用开关)开，打开  3. ____________ 经过再三考虑  4. _________________ 专心于；忙于  5. _________ 错过  6. _________________ 分散注意力  be persuaded to do sth. switch on on reflection be occupied with miss out be distracted by 7. _________ 查看  8. _______________________ 因做某事而感到尴尬  9. ___________________ 认输  10. ___________________ 不接触  11. _________ 依赖，依靠  12. ________________ 远离  check out be embarrassed to do sth. throw in the towel without access to rely on step away from Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1. _____________，she decided to invest all her money in that international company.  2.Recently I ________________________ the promotion of the new product in our company.  3.I will read through the guest list again to make sure I haven’t _________ anybody _________. 4.To keep physically healthy，do _______________ junk food and keep a balanced diet.  5.Don’t let yourself ______________ fashionable theories.  On reflection have been occupied with missed out step away from be distracted by 词汇精研 1.persuade vt.说服；劝说；使相信 [教材原文]　At the start of the detox， over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media， in ANY form， for seven days. 脱瘾活动初期，学校说服100多名学生连续七天停止使用任何形式的社交媒体。 (1)说服某人做某事 说服某人不做某事 (2)persuade sb.of sth.使人相信某事 persuade sb.that...使人相信…… (3)persuasion n.说服，劝说 persuasive adj.有说服力的，令人信服的 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(译林选必2U1)Based on the psychology behind creating a desire to buy， advertisers have developed ways of persuading people ______ purchasing their products or services. ②We have no idea how to persuade him not _________ (stick) with his unrealistic plan.  ③(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)我把手放在他的背上，说服他参加跑步。 I put my palm on his back and_______________________________ ______________________________ the run.(续写佳句之动作描写)  into to stick persuaded him to take part in/persuaded him into taking part in [教材原文]　With the detox now finished， they’ve switched on their devices and they’re back online. 脱瘾结束后，他们已经打开设备，重返网络。 2.switch vi.& vt.(用开关)改变，转换 n.开关；转变 (1)make a switch改变 (2)switch (sth.) off切断(电流等) switch (sth.) on接通(电流等)；开(电器) switch (from)...to...(从/由……)转变为…… [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/语段填空 ①(2023·浙江1月卷) I experienced this when I started _________ (switch) to a zero waste lifestyle five years ago. switching ②(2021·全国乙卷) 一些学生一打开他们的电子设备，他们的眼睛就闪烁着兴奋的光芒。当他们的父母强迫他们关掉设备时，他们会变得恼怒，感觉好像整个世界都要崩溃了。因此，我的演讲重点是如何从网瘾中改变过来。如果他们遵循我的建议，我坚信这些学生将从网瘾者转变为聪明的在线学习者。 Instantly some students _________ their electronic devices，their eyes twinkle with excitement. The instant their parents force them to _________ the devices，they will become annoyed，feeling as if the whole world were to collapse. As a consequence，my speech centers on how to ______________________ from the Internet addiction. If they follow my suggestions，I strongly believe that these students will _________________________________________________.  switch on switch off switch/make a switch switch from Internet addicts to smart online learners 温馨提示：各种“开”“关”的表达法： open/close/shut the door/window开/关门/窗 switch on/off the radio/TV/light开/关收音机/电视/电灯 turn on/off the radio/gas开/关收音机/煤气 [教材原文]　I bet you’re as eager as I am to find out just how many have been motivated enough to last the full seven days! 我敢肯定你们跟我一样急于知道有多少人有足够的动力坚持了整整七天! 3.motivate v.激发，激励；成为……的动机(常用于被动语态) (1)motivate sb.to do sth.激发某人做某事 (2)motivation n.积极性；动机；动力 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(译林选必2U2)_________ (motivate) by the original Olympic motto “Faster， Higher， Stronger”， many well-known athletes， both male and female， have devoted themselves to achieving sporting excellence and pushing the boundaries of human achievement. ②My teacher wonders how you motivate your students _________ (work) hard and efficiently.  Motivated to work ③(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)我嘴角带着自信的微笑，大步走向大卫，试图激发他内心的动力。 With a confident smile at the corners of my mouth，I strode towards David，_____________________________________.(续写佳句之动作描写)  trying to stimulate his inner motivation [教材原文]　But on reflection， I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. 但一番反思后，我可以知道查看手机到底占据了我多少时间。 4.on reflection 经过再三考虑 (1)reflection n.[C]反映；表达；映像；[U]沉思，深思 (2)reflect v.反映；显示；反射(声、光、热等)；认真思考，沉思 reflect on/upon 认真思考 [即学即练]—— 补全句子/完成句子 ①At first I thought it was a bad idea， but ______________ (经过认真考虑) I realized she was right.  ②As the small boat moved gently along the river，he was left speechless by the mountains being silently ___________________ (倒映在水中).  ③如果你养成一种思考如何学习的习惯的话，你作为学生的表现肯定很优秀。 Your performance as a student will be excellent if you_____________ ________________________________.(应用文佳句之建议信)  on reflection reflected in the water develop a habit of reflecting on/upon how you learn [教材原文]　But on reflection， I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. 但一番反思后，我可以知道查看手机到底占据了我多少时间。 5.occupy vt.忙着(做某事)，使忙于(做某事)；占用，占去(时间、空间等)；占领；占据 (1)occupy oneself with sth.从事于……； 忙于…… occupy oneself in doing sth.忙于做某事 be occupied with/in sth.从事于……； 忙于…… be occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事 (2)occupation n.职业；占有 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/词汇升级/句式升级 ①Keep your mind fully _________ (occupy) with positive thoughts and keep your body as fit as you can. ②(北师选必3U7)Jobs and ____________ (occupy) come and go at an amazing pace these days. occupied occupations ③She is busy looking after three children at home，so she has no time to take part in the various social activities. →_______________________ three children at home， she has no time to take part in the various social activities.(过去分词短语作状语)  →______________________________ three children at home， she has no time to take part in the various social activities.(现在分词短语作状语)  温馨提示：表示“忙于做某事”的短语：be busy with sth./doing sth.，be employed with sth./in doing sth.，be engaged in sth.等。 Occupied in looking after Occupying herself in looking after [教材原文]　I knew there was a party happening that evening， but without access to social media I couldn’t remember where it was! 我知道那天晚上有个派对，但是没有社交媒体，我怎么也记不起来地点在哪儿! 6.access n.接触的机会；(接近的)方法；通路 vt.访问；获取(计算机数据) (1)access to...……的通路；利用……的权利 have/get access to (拥有或得到)……的权利/机会 (2)accessible adj.可进入的；可使用的 be accessible to易接近的；能进入的 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth， access _________ nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. ②He usually puts the medicine in the top drawer to make sure it will not be ___________ (access) to the kids. to accessible ③鉴于你对中国文化很感兴趣，我建议你申请北京大学，在那里你可以接触到很好的中国文化。 Considering your keen interest in Chinese culture，I suggest you apply for Peking University，________________________________ _____________________. (应用文佳句之建议信)  where you can have/get/gain access to great Chinese culture [教材原文]　In the end， I turned on my phone to check， but couldn’t resist having a quick look at my social media accounts. 最后，我打开手机查看，却忍不住快速浏览了一下我的社交媒体账户。 7.resist v.忍住；抵制 (1)resist (doing) sth.反对(做)某事 can’t resist (doing) sth.无法抗拒/忍不住(做)某事 (2)resistant adj.对……有抵抗力的；抵制的，反抗的 be resistant to对……有抵抗力 (3)resistance n.反抗；抵抗 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(译林选必2U3)One day soon we will be able to use genome editing to increase the human _________ (resist) to colds and flus. ②Researchers have found that growing plants in vinegar (醋) makes them more _________ (resist) to droughts. ③一到家，杰克就忍不住炫耀自己受到了老师的表扬。 On arriving home， Jack ____________________________________ by the teacher. (续写佳句之动作描写)  resistance resistant couldn’t resist showing off his being praised [教材原文]　Awareness of just how much we rely on social media can help us step away from it and communicate with each other better. 意识到我们对社交媒体的依赖程度可以帮助我们远离它，更好地互相交流。 8.rely v.(为生存或生活而)依赖 (1)rely on sb.to do sth.=rely on sb.’s doing sth. 依靠某人做某事 rely on sb. for sth.依靠某人提供某物 rely on it that...相信……，指望…… (2)reliable adj.可依靠的；可信赖的 [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/一句多译 ①We will also have to rely more _________ alternative energy， such as solar and wind power. ②(译林选必4U1)But I know Jimmy will meet me here if he’s alive， for he always was the truest and most _________ (rely) fellow in the world. on reliable ③你可以相信在你陷入困境时我们会帮助你。 →You can ____________________ when you are in trouble.  →You can __________________________ when you are in trouble.  →You can _____________________ when you are in trouble.  温馨提示：在“rely on it＋that从句”中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的that从句。与此类似的有depend on/see to it＋that从句，appreciate it＋if从句，like/hate it＋when从句。 rely on us to help you rely on it that we will help you rely on our helping you 句式剖析 leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 [教材原文]　An hour’s sport each day left me tired out and wanting to go to bed early. 每天一小时的运动使我疲惫不堪，只想早点上床睡觉。 句中left me tired out为“leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构， 该句式意为“让/使某人(物)继续处于某种状态、 某地等”。该句式中leave为及物动词， 意思是“使处于……； 听任……”。 leave的常见结构如下： leave＋宾语＋ [即学即练]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)No matter where I buy them，though，one steamer basket is rarely enough，yet two seems greedy，and so I am always left _________ (want) more next time. ②(2022·全国乙卷)We all witness that preschool children are remarkably bad at hiding. They often cover only their eyes with their hands， leaving the rest of their bodies _________ (expose). wanting exposed ③He is an adult now， so you’d better leave him _________ (deal) with the problem alone in the future.  ④把东西放在能够再次找到的地方，你们应该把这一点作为一条规则。 You should make it a rule to _______________________________ again.  ⑤让你的孩子顺其自然，他们会健康且快乐地成长。 __________________________ and they will grow up healthily and brightly.  to deal leave things where you can find them Leave your kids as they are 进阶提升 写作微练 心理活动描写 课文词汇 1.difficult to tolerate 难以忍受 2.on reflection 经过再三考虑 3.be occupied with 忙于；专心于 4.miss out 错过；遗漏 5.be distracted by 被……分散注意力 6.to be honest 老实说 7.tired out 筋疲力尽 8.embarrassed to say 不好意思说 9.throw in the towel 认输 10.can’t resist doing sth. 忍不住做某事 补充词汇 11.be aware of 意识到 12.to put it in another way 换句话说 13.think twice 三思而后行 14.catch up了解近况，叙旧 15.be addicted to 对……上瘾 16.be immersed in 沉浸在 17.gather courage 鼓起勇气 18.chat with sb.与某人聊天 课本原句 1.The detox was more difficult to tolerate than I had expected. I felt like I had lost an arm! Not eating for two days would have been easier! 社交媒体脱瘾比我预期的更加难以忍受。我感觉自己就像失去了一只手臂一般!两天不吃东西可能(比这)更容易一些! 2.But on reflection， I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone. 但一番反思后，我可以知道查看手机到底占据了我多少时间。 3.I managed the whole week! At first， I really felt I was missing out. 我坚持了整整一周!最初，我真的感觉自己错过了无数消息。 4.I did all seven days， too! To be honest， I didn’t find the detox too difficult， but I did give my phone to my dad to avoid giving in! 我也坚持了整整七天!说实话，我觉得社交媒体脱瘾没那么难，不过我还是把手机交给了爸爸保管，以防自己半途而废! 其他表达 5.I am aware that it is too distracting to work with the TV on. 我意识到开着电视工作太分散注意力了。 6.I regret that much of my spare time had been occupied with checking the phone. 我很后悔我的很多业余时间都用来看手机了。 1.一年前，他如此沉溺于玩手机以至于感觉离开了手机生活就没有了乐趣。但是他很快意识到了问题的严重性，为了能集中注意力学习，他把手机交给了他的爸爸。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A year ago， he was so addicted to playing with the phone that he even felt life was boring without it. But soon he was aware of the seriousness of the problem. He then gave the phone to his father to concentrate on study.  2.我们真的应该鼓起勇气参加社交媒体脱瘾这样的活动，因为这样的活动能帮助我们更好地与身边的人聊天，也能让我们不再对社交网络上瘾。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We really should gather courage to take part in campaigns like social media detox， because such campaigns can help us better chat with the people around us and stop us from being addicted to social networks. 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.I’m sorry to _________ (占用) your precious time， but I really want to talk with you about the pet problems. 2.What the poor children need now is the sense of _________ (安全) of a happy home. 3.Good leaders must be able to _________ (激励) and inspire their teams. occupy security motivate 4.She made the _________ (改变) from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 5.When times were difficult， he _________ (依靠) on his good friends for financial assistance. 6.The noise from my neighbor’s sitting room could be clearly heard in my apartment， which _________ (使分心) me from reading. switch relied distracted 7.5G-enabled wearable devices will keep doctors _________ (持续地) updated on the health status of their patients. 8. _____________ (募捐) is the activity of collecting money to support a charity or political campaign or organisation. constantly Fundraising Ⅱ.完成句子 1.他出去时把他的书摊开放在了桌子上。 He went out， _________________________ on the desk.  2.你没能和我们一起去真可惜。你确实错过了机会。 It’s too bad you weren’t able to come with us. You really _________.  3.现在放弃为时尚早——你才刚刚开始这项工作。 It’s a bit early ___________________—you’ve only just started the job.  leaving his book lying open missed out to throw in the towel 4.不要盲目地听从别人的话。你应该相信你自己的判断力。 Don’t just blindly follow what other people say. You should __________________________.  5.有这样一位优秀的老师在身边，我有信心我会变得越来越好。 I have the confidence that，_________________________________ _________， I will become better and better.  rely on your own judgement with such an excellent teacher around me 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.The stronger the ____________ (motivate) is， the more quickly a person will master a language. 2.Playing computer games is a way of relaxation， but if we become addicted to them， we must step away _________ the screen. 3.He’s very _________ (rely). You can always rely on him _________ (do) what he says he’ll do.  4.This is because the file you want to view is only ___________ (access) to the superuser. motivation from reliable to do accessible 5.Before visiting the Suzhou gardens， be sure to check _________ the Suzhou Garden Museum， a free museum detailing the history and cultural significance of the gardens. 6.As I walked through the town，I was ___________ (constant) reminded of my childhood. 7.Through clever advertising， companies persuade consumers _________ (replace) their old TVs， mobile phones and computers with the latest models.  out constantly to replace 8.The reason behind higher living expenses deserve thorough _________ (reflect). 9.May I have your address， telephone number， age and _________ (occupy)， please? 10.Don’t miss out _________ the park at night when colorful LED lights hanging from the treetops make the entire area wonderful. reflection occupation on Ⅱ.完成句子 1.随着体育场的建成，这里可以举办各种各样的体育赛事。(with复合结构) ______________________， a wide range of sports events are able to be held here.  2.凯特的突然离开使我们大家都想知道将要发生什么事。(leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语) Kate’s sudden departure _______________________ what was going to happen.  With the stadium set up left us all wondering 3.沿着长江旅行的确能使你了解很多中国的历史。(do/does/did＋动词原形) The trip along the Yangtze River _________________________ about the history of China.  does make you learn a lot Ⅲ.阅读理解 Whenever my nine-year-old daughter approached me，eyes wide，with a notebook and a pen，telling me she wanted to engage in a game of school，something inside me froze.There was a mental block so huge that it felt like I was being asked by my boss to make a presentation about artificial intelligence.So，nine times out of ten，I made an excuse. Why is it so hard to play with my child?I realize this is because I have no idea how to play.I have many happy memories of my youth，but absolutely none involves playing with dolls or building blocks with my parents.I don’t blame them because they never played with these things as children either.When I ask them what their own childhoods were like，my dad tells me a story about being locked in a cupboard，while my mum recalls the box of buttons she was told to amuse herself with. There are studies showing how important play is for a child’s growth，and no end of people campaigning for their young to get more of it at school.The poet Michael Rosen argues play is not an extra and all of us，whatever age，could do with more silliness in our lives. As Rosen explains，“The need for adults to be productive members of society means we end up thinking of things that make us laugh，or which are fun to do，as not being very significant or having very little value.”This is exactly why we need to play more.It lightens the load of life and allows us to get back to a childlike state of wonder. Play is vital to health.And it is why I’ve started playing school games with my daughter.I managed an entire hour and a half the other day—and afterwards，I felt happy and 20 years younger. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。父母应该多花一些时间陪孩子玩耍，这不仅是为了孩子，他们也可以在陪孩子们玩耍的过程中释放生活压力，从而保持身体健康。 1.How did the author use to respond to her daughter’s request for a game? A.She pretended to be surprised. B.She apologized for being busy. C.She chose to avoid involvement. D.She turned to artificial intelligence. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“So，nine times out of ten，I made an excuse.”可知，每当作者的女儿想与作者一起玩游戏时，作者常常会找借口拒绝参与游戏，故C项正确。 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 2.What does the author focus on while giving an explanation in paragraph 2? A.The game category. B.Memory strategies. C.The generation gap. D.Childhood experiences. 答案：D 90 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I realize this is...I have many happy memories of my youth，but absolutely none involves playing with dolls or building blocks with my parents.”可知，作者将不与女儿一起玩游戏归咎于自己的童年经历，作者小时候从来没有和父母一起玩洋娃娃或搭积木的经历，故D项正确。 2 3 1 4 91 3.Which of the following would Rosen probably agree with? A.Laughter is the best medicine. B.Play is not only intended for children. C.Thinking like a kid frees people of stress. D.Staying curious makes a productive worker. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The poet...in our lives.”和第四段的内容可知，Rosen可能会认同玩耍不只是孩子们的权利，成年人也应该玩耍的观点，故B项正确。 2 3 1 4 4.What does the author want to convey in the text? A.Children grow up well in a fun environment. B.Family interaction strengthens the parent-child tie. C.Parents owe it to their children to play more with them. D.Games are essential for children both at school and at home. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。本文是一篇说理性议论文，文章中作者将拒绝陪女儿玩游戏这一行为作为切入点，主张父母应该抽出足够的时间陪孩子一起玩，因为在玩耍的过程中能够减轻生活压力，且有助于身体健康，故C项“父母应多陪他们的孩子一起玩”正确。 2 3 1 4 Ⅳ.完形填空 I participated in an exchange program where a Spanish student came to live in my home for a few weeks and then I went to live in hers in Spain. I was somewhat　1　 but mostly excited about the coming experience.  After the initial 　2　， cultural differences began to affect me， 　3　 me to feel anxious and homesick. What made culture shock difficult to 　4　 was the language barrier. My Spanish skills were not at the level of being able to express how I feel 　5　.  The most difficult challenge was the 　6　 and meal time. I usually had dinner at 6：00 p.m. in America， but in Spain we had it at 10：00 p.m. when I was very 　7　!I was a picky (挑剔的) eater， and while I ate meat， I still wasn’t very 　8　. But there was a lot of meat in Spanish 　9　. Almost every meal was filled with rich unknown foods.  One night， I asked what we were going to 　10　. Since I didn’t know the Spanish word “conejo” they used， the entire family started acting like rabbits at the dinner table in an effort to help me understand its 　11　. I was shocked. Sometimes I just wanted to curl up (蜷缩) in my room alone and 　12　 a pizza， but not the pizza they had in Spain.  Despite the stress caused by some new and unusual foods， I 　13　 them very much when I left Spain. This trip taught me how to be flexible and leave my 　14　， and how important it is to 　15　 new things.  [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者去西班牙参加交换项目时遇到的文化差异。 1.A.grateful　　　　　 B.frustrated C.motivated D.nervous 答案：D 根据“I was somewhat　1　 but mostly excited about the coming experience.”可知，作者要去西班牙参加交换项目，有点焦虑，但主要是对即将到来的经历感到兴奋。grateful“感激的”；frustrated“沮丧的”；motivated“积极的”；nervous“焦虑的”。  2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 100 2.A.relief B.stress C.excitement D.pride 答案：C 根据上文中的mostly excited和语境可知，在最初的兴奋过后，文化差异开始影响作者。C项excitement是上文中excited的复现。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 101 3.A.enabling B.causing C.helping D.forcing 答案：B 根据上文中的“cultural differences began to affect me”和下文中的“feel anxious and homesick”及“culture shock”可知，文化差异导致作者感到焦虑和想家。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 102 4.A.inquire about B.subscribe to C.figure out D.deal with 答案：D 语言障碍使作者难以应对文化冲击。inquire about“询问”；subscribe to“同意”；figure out“弄清楚”；deal with“应对”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 103 5.A.clearly B.gently C.objectively D.sincerely 答案：A 根据空前的language barrier并结合语境可知，作者有语言障碍，他的西班牙语没有达到能够清楚地表达自己的感受的水平。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 104 6.A.clothing B.transport C.food D.shelter 答案：C “The most difficult challenge was the 　6　 and meal time.”是本段的主旨句。本段主要讲述了作者在食物和用餐时间上遇到的挑战。故选C。本段中的meat和 unknown foods也是提示。  2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 105 7.A.awake B.hungry C.thirsty D.distracted 答案：B 在美国，作者通常在下午6点吃晚饭，但在西班牙，作者晚上10点吃晚饭。西班牙的晚饭时间比作者在美国时晚了4个小时，因此那时作者应该很饿。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 106 8.A.careful B.familiar C.patient D.adventurous 答案：D 根据“I was a picky eater，and while I ate meat， I still...But there was a lot of meat...unknown foods.”和常识可知，两个国家之间饮食文化有差异，西班牙菜有很多肉，几乎每顿饭都有很多未知的食物。结合while和but传递出的作者的态度可知，作者是一个挑食的人，虽然吃肉，但对于肉，作者仍然不太喜欢冒险(指尝试未知的食物)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 107 9.A.dishes B.nutrition C.flavor D.features 答案：A 根据空后的“Almost every meal was filled with rich unknown foods.”可知，虽然作者吃肉，但对于肉，作者仍然不太喜欢冒险。但是西班牙菜里有很多肉。dish“菜肴”；nutrition“营养”；flavor“味道”；feature“特色”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 108 10.A.gain B.grasp C.eat D.present 答案：C 根据本段中的dinner table和pizza可知，作者问要吃什么。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 109 11.A.source B.type C.function D.meaning 答案：D 根据“Since I didn’t know the...understand its 　11　.”可知，作者不知道西班牙语单词“conejo (兔子)”的意思，全家人开始在餐桌旁表演兔子，帮助作者理解这个单词的意思。  2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 110 12.A.prepare B.order C.bake D.deliver 答案：B 全家人在餐桌边表演兔子，帮作者理解西班牙语单词conejo (兔子)的意思，作者很震惊。有时作者只想独自一人蜷缩在房间里点一份比萨，但不是西班牙的那种比萨。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 111 13.A.missed B.supported C.hated D.blamed 答案：A 根据空前的despite可知，此处表示的情感态度与stress形成对比。尽管一些新的和不寻常的食物给作者带来了压力，但当作者离开西班牙时，他却非常思念它们。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 112 14.A.safety rule B.bottom line C.comfort zone D.top secret 答案：C 根据空前的“Despite the stress...when I left Spain.”可知，作者在西班牙尝试了一些新的和不寻常的食物，虽然它们给作者带来了压力，但当作者离开西班牙时，他却非常想念它们。这次旅行教会了作者如何变灵活并离开自己的舒适区以及尝试新事物的重要性。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 113 $$