U3 Period 1 Understanding ideas-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

必修第三册 Unit 3　The world of science 【单元知识目标】 重点单词 press, shoot, virtual, flexible, battery, capable, stuff, desire, passive, beyond, instance, significant, injure, chemist, astronomer, biologist, accurate, minor, origin, species, stream, extraordinary, brilliant, theory, mental, cure, draft, declaration, experiment, fiction, metal, attach, flash, conduct, scientific, entirely, gravity, account, proof, procedure 重点短语 in addition, in terms of, tie...to, never say never, along with, establish the truth, take place, die from, come up with 单元语法 现在完成时的被动语态 写作任务 实验报告 【单元话题词汇】 Period 1　Understanding ideas—Reading comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 必备知识 自主探究 课时作业 巩固提升 必备知识 自主探究 The New Age of Invention Interviewer: Good evening, and welcome to Between the Pages.This evening, I’ll be talking to Dr.Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published. Welcome, Richard! Richard: Thank you. It’s a pleasure to be here. Part 1　教材原文助读 I’ll be talking to Dr.Richard Fairhurst 使用了将来进行时，表示将来某个时刻正在进行的或持续的动作；whose...published 是 whose 引导的非限制性定语从句，whose在从句中作定语。 it在句中是形式主语，动词不定式短语to be here是真正的主语。 [语用]“It’s a pleasure to do sth.” 是访谈录、演讲稿中的常见句型。 新发明时代 采访者：晚上好，欢迎来到《字里行间》。今晚，我将对话理查德·费尔赫斯特博士，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。欢迎您，理查德！ 理查德：谢谢。很高兴来到这里。 Interviewer: I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before. It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions， but many people might think that the great age of invention is over. 现在完成时的被动语态形式。 that引导宾语从句，suggest在此意为“表明”，故从句用的是陈述语气。 采访者：我猜之前已经有人就书名向您提问了。这表明当今是一个发明的新时代，但许多人可能认为发明的伟大时代已经结束了。 Richard: Well, that’s an interesting point①.There have been golden ages② of invention throughout history③. Think of the four great inventions in Ancient China: gunpowder, papermaking, printing and the compass. These things changed the world forever. Then there were the great Western inventions: the steam engine, the telephone and the radio. And now, we find ourselves in the great new age of technology. there be句型的现在完成时态形式。 ①point n．[C]论点，观点，见解 ②golden age n. [usually sing.](尤指过去的)黄金时代，鼎盛时期 ③throughout history 在整个历史上 throughout the world 在世界各地 理查德：嗯，这是一个有趣的观点。纵观历史，(我们)曾有过很多发明的黄金时代，想想中国古代的四大发明：火药、造纸术、印刷术和指南针，这些发明永久地改变了世界。后来，还有西方的伟大发明：蒸汽机、电话和收音机。而现在，我们自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。 Interviewer: So are most of the new great inventions tech-based④？ Richard: A lot, yes. For example, advances⑤ in virtual reality⑥ and wearable tech⑦， as well as the flexible battery⑧， mean we should soon be seeing further developments. In addition⑨， important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to⑩ increasing computer power. ④tech-based adj.以科技为基础的 [思考]你还能想出哪些由“名词＋过去分词”构成的复合形容词？ ⑤ advance n. [C, U]进步，进展 technological/scientific/ medical advance 技术/科学/医学进步 advanced adj.先进的 ⑥virtual reality 虚拟现实 virtual/'vɜːtʃuəl/adj.虚拟的，模拟的 ⑦wearable tech 可穿戴技术 ⑧the flexible battery 柔性电池 flexible/'fleksIb(ə)l/adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的 battery/'bæt(ə)ri/n.[C]电池 ⑨in addition 除此之外，另外 ⑩thanks to 由于，幸亏 ►It was all a great success—thanks to a lot of hard work. 由于尽心竭力，这才大获成功。 采访者：所以说，大部分新的伟大发明都是基于科技的吗？ 理查德：对的，很多都是。比如说，虚拟现实、可穿戴技术及柔性电池的发展意味着我们应该很快就能看到进一步的发展。除此之外，由于计算机功能不断提升，医学和环境科学也取得了重要进展。 Interviewer: Can you give us some examples? Richard: Sure. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to⑪ make replacement⑫ hearts and bone parts⑬. In terms of⑭ the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house. It is capable of⑮ using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing⑯ technology controlling its “legs”. What’s more, huge advances in solar technology⑰ mean it can be eco-friendly⑱， too. 此处是“with ＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，computing technology与control之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用动词-ing短语作宾语补足语。 ⑪be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 [比较]be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事 used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 ⑫replacement n．[U]替换，更换；[C]替代品；替换物 replace vt.代替，取代 replace A with/by B　用B 替换/接替A ⑬part n．[C]熟词生义 器官，部位，组成部分 ⑭in terms of 从……方面来讲，就……而言 [拓展]in the long/short term 从长远/短期来看 be on good/bad terms with sb. 与某人关系好/不好 ⑮be capable of doing sth. 有能力做某事 capable/'keIpəb(ə)l/adj.有能力的；能力强的 [词链]capable(adj.)—incapable (adj.无能力的)—capably(adv. 能干地) ⑯compute /kəm'pjuːt/ vt.计算 ⑰solar technology 太阳能技术 ⑱eco-friendly adj. 环保的，对环境无害的 eco-friendly products 环保型产品 [构词法]前缀eco-常用来构成与生态相关的词，如ecotourism(生态旅游)，ecosystem(生态系统)等。 采访者：您能给我们举些例子吗？ 理查德：当然了。新的发明，如3D打印机已经用于制作心脏和骨头的替代品。从环境方面来讲，现在已有可能建造智能的可移动房屋。利用计算技术控制它的“双腿”，它就能够运用 GPS(全球定位系统)技术前往不同的地方。此外，太阳能科技的巨大进步也意味着它可以很环保。 Interviewer: Impressive stuff⑲！ I’ve also been told that you’re an inventor yourself. Is that correct? Richard: Yes, I am, but I’m only one member of a big team—most inventors now work as part of big international teams. Interviewer: I see. So what is it that inspires us to⑳ invent things？ 此处是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式。 ⑲stuff/stʌf/n.[U]东西，物品 [形近]staff /stɑːf/ n．[C，usually sing.，U]全体职工(或雇员) ⑳inspire sb. to do sth.激励某人做某事 inspiration n．[U]灵感 采访者：真是令人惊叹的发明！也有人告诉我您自己就是发明家，对吗？ 理查德：是的，但我只是一个大型团队中的一员——大多数发明家现在都是大型国际团队的一分子。 采访者：我懂了。那么是什么激励我们去发明创造呢？ Richard：Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution.This was no doubt㉑ the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient times, which much later developed into the car. Now, reduced energy supplies㉒ and environmental pollution have led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles㉓. But what remains important is that we have an incredible㉔ desire㉕ to think and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention. which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the wheel，which在从句中作主语。 what remains important 是 what 引导的主语从句，what 在从句中作主语；that we have...create是that 引导的表语从句。 ㉑no doubt 无疑，很可能 ㉒reduced energy supplies 缩减的能源供应 ㉓new energy vehicles 新能源汽车 vehicle n．[C]交通工具，车辆 ㉔incredible adj.极好的，极大的 ㉕desire/dI'zaIə/n.[C, U]渴望，欲望 理查德：大多数发明始于意识到一个需要找到解决方案的问题。这无疑也是古代人们发明车轮的原因，后来由此发展成为汽车。现在，能源供应紧缩和环境污染推动了新能源汽车技术的进一步发展。不过，一直以来重要的是我们有一种强烈的对于思考和创造的渴望，那就是真正的发明精神。 Interviewer: One last question. This is the one everyone really wants to know: will anybody ever invent a time machine㉖？ Richard: I think you’ve been watching　 too many movies! Nothing like this has been invented yet and I’d say we’re a long way from an invention like that at the moment㉗！ But, as they say　, “Never say never㉘！” 　现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作。 　as在此引导非限制性定语从句，as意为“正如，就像”。 ㉖a time machine 时光机器 ㉗at the moment 此刻，目前 [近义短语]at present 现在，目前 ㉘never say never 别轻易说决不 采访者：最后一个问题。所有人都很想知道：会有人发明出时光机器吗？ 理查德：我觉得你电影看得太多了！类似的东西还没能被发明出来，按我说，目前要发明出像时光机器这样的东西还有很长的路(要走)！不过，常言道：“别轻易说决不！” 1．Match the main idea with paragraphs. Para.1－2　　　 A．New great tech-based inventions today. Para.3－4 B．The possibility of making a time machine. Para.5－8 C．The golden ages of invention of all time. Para.9－12 D．The inspiration to invent new things. Para.13－14 E．Greetings between the interviewer and Richard. 答案：Para.1－2 E　Para.3－4 C　Para.5－8 A　Para.9－12 D　Para.13－14 B Part 2　语篇研析 2．What is the main idea of the text? A．Whether it is possible to invent a time machine. B．How the old inventions are changing our life. C．How new technology is changing our life. D．Richard’s opinion of the new age of invention. 答案：D 1．What do we know about Dr.Richard? A．He is an interviewer. B．He is the author of Between the Pages. C．He is writing a book called The New Age of Invention. D．His new book The New Age of Invention has come out. 答案：D 2．What does Dr.Richard agree? A．The great age of invention is over. B．We ourselves are in the new age of invention. C．There will be a golden age of invention. D．The four great inventions in Ancient China are the greatest ones throughout history. 答案：B 3．What does the word “eco-friendly” in paragraph 8 probably mean? A．User-friendly.　　　　 B．Family-friendly. C．Environment-friendly. D．Bicycle-friendly. 答案：C 4．What’s the real spirit of inventors? A．Mastering high-tech knowledge. B．Having the belief “Never say never.” C．Having a strong desire to think and create. D．Recognising a problem that needs a solution. 答案：C 1．It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions, but many people might think that the great age of invention is over. [句式分析]　本句是复合句。suggest意为“表明”，其后的从句应用陈述语气。but连接两个_____句，第一个分句中的that和第二个分句中的that均引导_____从句。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ _________________________ 并列 宾语 　 　　　这表明当今是一个发明的新时代，但许多人可能认为发明的伟大时代已经结束了。 2．Most inventions start with recognising a problem that needs a solution. [句式分析]　本句是复合句。动词-ing短语作介词with的_____；that引导_____从句，修饰先行词__________。 [翻译]　_________________________________________________ 宾语 定语 a problem 大多数发明始于意识到一个需要找到解决方案的问题。 Dr.Richard Fairhurst，1.______ new book The New Age of Invention has just been published, has been interviewed.The following is what he tells us. There have been 2._______ (gold) ages of invention throughout history.In Ancient China, there 3.____ (be) the four great inventions：gunpowder, papermaking, printing and the compass.They changed the world forever.And now, we are in the great new age of technology, when most of the new great 4.__________ (invention) are tech-based. whose golden were inventions For example, advances in virtual 5.________ (real), wearable tech and the flexible battery mean we should soon be seeing further developments. 6.___ addition, important advances 7.______________ (make) in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.What’s more, it’s possible to create an intelligent walking house. reality In have been made Most inventions start with 8.____________ (recognise) a problem that needs 9.____ solution. But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire 10._________ (think) and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. recognising a to think 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A Barbara McClintock was one of the most important scientists of the twentieth century. She made important discoveries about genes (基因) and chromosomes (染色体). Barbara McClintock was born in 1902 in Hartford, Connecticut. Her family moved to the Brooklyn area of New York City in 1908. Barbara was an active child with interest in sports and music. She also developed an interest in science. She studied science at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York. Barbara was among a small number of undergraduate students to receive training in genetics in 1921. Years later, she noted that few college students desired to study genetics. Barbara McClintock decided to study botany, the scientific study of plants, at Cornell University. She completed her undergraduate studies in 1923. McClintock decided to continue her education at Cornell. She completed a master’s degree in 1925. Two years later, she met all her requirements for a doctorate. McClintock stayed at Cornell after she completed her education. She taught students botany. The 1930s was not a good time to be a young scientist in the United States. The country was in the middle of the Great Depression. Millions of Americans were unemployed. Male scientists were offered jobs. But female geneticists were not much in demand. An old friend from Cornell, Marcus Morton Rhoades, invited McClintock to spend the summer of 1941 working at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. It was a research centre on Long Island, near New York City. McClintock started in a temporary job with the genetics department. A short time later, she accepted a permanent position in the laboratory. This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid. By the 1970s, her discoveries had had a significant effect on everything from genetic engineering to cancer research. McClintock won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes. She was the first American woman to win an unshared Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Barbara McClintock的经历，她是20世纪最重要的科学家之一，在基因和染色体方面有重大发现并获得了诺贝尔奖。 1．When did McClintock get a doctorate? A．In 1921.　　　　　　　 B．In 1923. C．In 1925. D．In 1927. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“She completed a master’s degree in 1925. Two years later, she met all her requirements for a doctorate.”可知，McClintock于1927年获得博士学位。 2 3 1 4 2．What was the job market like during the Great Depression in the US according to paragraph 5? A．Male geneticists were in great demand. B．Young scientists might have trouble finding a job. C．Female geneticists were not in demand at all. D．Male scientists lost their jobs and were out of work. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The 1930s was not a good time to be a young scientist...But female geneticists were not much in demand.(在美国，20世纪30年代对于年轻科学家来说不是一个好时期。美国正处于经济大萧条中期。数百万美国人失业。男性科学家得到了工作。但对女性遗传学家的需求并不大)”可推出，年轻的科学家在经济大萧条时期可能很难找到工作。故选B。本题易错选C项“根本不需要女性遗传学家”。第五段最后一句“But female geneticists were not much in demand.”提到对女性遗传学家的需求并不大，而不是完全不需要，C项说法过于绝对，故C项错误。 3．Which of the following jobs was beneficial to McClintock’s research? A．A job as a botany teacher. B．A temporary job in the genetics department. C．A permanent position in the laboratory. D．A job on cancer. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后两句“A short time later, she accepted a permanent position in the laboratory. This gave her the freedom to continue her research without having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid.(不久之后，她接受了实验室的一个永久职位。这给了她继续她的研究的自由，而不需要教学或反复要求经济援助)”可知，在实验室固定的工作对她的研究是有利的。故选C。 2 3 1 4 4．Why was McClintock awarded a Nobel Prize? A．Because she received a degree in Genetics. B．Because she contributed to genetic engineering and cancer research. C．Because she made important discoveries about genes and chromosomes. D．Because she was the first American woman who studied genes and chromosomes. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。由最后一段第二句“McClintock won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes.(1983年，McClintock因发现基因能够改变在染色体上的位置而获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖)”可知，由于她在基因与染色体方面的发现，她获得了诺贝尔奖。 2 3 1 4 B Kids and science seem to be made for each other! The basic science is a combination of thought and experiment called the scientific method. It’s where you start with an idea，create a way to prove or disprove your idea，and show what you have learned based on facts.Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully.These important thinking skills can be used in many areas of study. To give a child practice with these thinking skills is like giving vitamins to a developing mind. One of the greatest things we can teach our children is to love learning.Learning science is a great way to do so. Children are easy to be interested in science.Because much of science is hands-on，it attracts most children. Nothing makes a child sit up and take notice like the “WOW！” of a great science showing. Science opens doors to many subjects at school.Building love for science can be helpful in other areas of study. For example，one cannot love science for very long without becoming good at its language—math! So science encourages children to study math. An interest in science is an interest in how things were once understood compared to how they are understood now.Thus studying science lends itself easily to studying history. And after you do an experiment，you need to write a lab report.Therefore，writing becomes an important part of science. Science is the basic thing for much of our life.The science of farming shows how our food is produced；biomedical science keeps us healthy；even our beds these days are designed according to scientific facts. We almost eat，sleep and breathe with the help of science! When we prepare the next generation of voters，creators and policy makers，it is important to make sure they are not only comfortable but also good at science. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了孩子学习科学的重要性和各种益处。 5．According to paragraph 2，what does learning the scientific method mean to kids? A．Learning to do experiments. B．Learning many areas of study. C．Helping them develop thinking skills. D．Refusing any ideas that are not logical. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Learning to follow this process helps you think logically and carefully.”可知，学习科学方法意味着帮助孩子们发展思考能力。故选C。 5 6 7 8 6．Which of the following statements would the author agree with? A．Science is too difficult for children. B．Children usually consider science boring. C．Science can arouse children’s interest in learning. D．Children who are careless shouldn’t learn science. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段前三句可推知，作者认为科学可以激发孩子们的学习兴趣。故选C。 5 6 7 8 7．What happens to a child who works hard at science at school? A．He usually has no time for other subjects. B．He usually loses interest in other activities. C．He is usually bad at such subjects like history. D．He is likely to learn many other subjects well. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“Science opens doors to many subjects at school.Building love for science can be helpful in other areas of study.”以及后面所举实例可知，一个在学校努力学习科学的孩子会学好许多其他科目。故选D。 5 6 7 8 8．What would be the best title for the text? A．Why Kids Should Learn Science B．Why Science Is Important C．How Kids Can Make Use of Science D．What Kids Should Learn at School 答案：A 5 6 7 8 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要谈论了孩子们学习科学的重要性和各种益处，选项A“为什么孩子们应该学习科学”符合文章主旨，最适合作为标题。故选A。 5 6 7 8 $$