U2 Period 4 Developing ideas & Other parts-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（外研版）

必修第三册 Unit 2　Making a difference Period 4　Developing ideas & Other parts 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 精读课文 理解语篇 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 关键能力 互动探究 进阶提升 写作微练 精读课文 理解语篇 THE POWER of GOOD① “The British Schindler”： the life of Nicholas Winton It is August 1939, and a group of frightened children are boarding② a train at Prague’s Wilson Station.Their heartbroken parents do not join them. Indeed, they fear they may never see their children again. But they know that their children will live. These are among the 669 children, most of them Jewish, that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of③ the Nazis. Part 1　教材原文助读 most of them Jewish 为独立主格结构，most of them与Jewish之间省略了be动词 are。定语从句 that Nicholas...the Nazis 修饰先行词 the 669 children，that 在从句中作save的宾语。 [时态释疑]　本段使用一般现在时和一般将来时来描述往事，以增加描述的生动性和真实性。 ①good n．[U]熟词生义 善行，合乎道德的行为，正直的行为 the difference between good and evil 善与恶的区别 ②board vt.& vi. 上船(或火车、飞机、公共汽车等)n.[C，U]板 on board 在船上(或飞机上、火车上) [辨析]broad adj. 宽阔的 abroad adv. 在国外，到国外 aboard adv. & prep. 在(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)上，上(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等) ③at the hands of sb./at sb.’s hands 某人导致，出自某人之手 善行的力量 “英国辛德勒”：尼古拉 斯·温顿的生平 1939年8月，一群心惊胆战的孩子在布拉格的威尔逊车站登上一辆列车。而他们伤心欲绝的父母却没有上车。他们确实害怕也许再也见不到自己的孩子了，可他们知道他们的孩子会活下来。这些孩子大多数是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹的死亡之手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。 Nicholas Winton was born on④ 19 May 1909 in London, to German-Jewish parents.The family later took British nationality⑤.On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. He returned to Britain in 1931, where he worked in business. 介词on表示“就在……之后，一……就”。 where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Britain。 ④be born on ＋日期 出生于某日 be born into/to/of ...出生于……情况(家庭等) ⑤take British nationality 获得英国国籍 nationality n. [U，C] 国籍 尼古拉斯·温顿1909年5月19日出生于伦敦，父母是德裔犹太人。这一家人后来获得了英国国籍。从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。他在1931年返回英国经商。 In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid⑥ people who were escaping from⑦ the Nazis. In Prague，Winton saw people living in terrible conditions⑧and whose lives were in danger⑨.He decided to help transport children to⑩ safety in Britain. He established⑪an office to keep records of⑫ the children, and then returned to Britain to find temporary⑬ homes for them. He used donated funds and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child that the British government required. By August 1939, Winton had saved 669 children. 动词-ing短语living in terrible conditions在此作后置定语，和whose引导的定语从句一起修饰people。 过去分词作前置定语，修饰funds。 that引导的定语从句修饰先行词the 50 pounds per child。 ⑥aid /eId/ vi. & vt.帮助，援助 ⑦escape from... 从……中逃跑，逃离…… ⑧live in...conditions 生活在……环境中 condition 在此表示“(居住、工作或做事情的)环境，境况，条件”，常用复数形式。 ⑨in danger 处于危险中 in danger of...处于……危险中 ⑩transport ...to...将……运送到…… ⑪establish vt. 建立，创立，设立 establishment n．[U]建立，确立 ⑫keep records of... 记录…… ⑬temporary /'temp(ə)rəri/ adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的 [反义]permanent adj.永久的，长久的 1938年12月，温顿的一个朋友请他来到布拉格，帮助人们逃脱纳粹分子的魔掌。在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到威胁。他决定帮忙把孩子们转移到英国安全的地方。他开设了一个办事处，记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找寄养家庭。他用捐款加上自己的钱支付了英国政府向每个孩子征收的50英镑的费用。截至1939年8月，温顿已经解救了669个孩子。 During World War Ⅱ， Winton served⑭ as an officer in Britain’s Royal Air Force. He left the military⑮ in 1954. He then worked for international charities⑯ and for various companies. For the most part⑰， he did not mention the children he saved， and his actions soon disappeared from people’s memories. 省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词the children。 ⑭serve vi. & vt. 熟词生义 服役 ⑮military /'mIlIt(ə)ri/ n．[C]军队 adj.军事的，军队的 the military 军人，军队，军方(作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可) ⑯international charities 国际慈善机构/组织 ⑰for the most part 多半，通常 二战期间，温顿成为英国皇家空军的一名军官。1954年，他离开了军队，之后在一些国际慈善机构和多家公司工作过。他很少提及自己解救的那些孩子，于是他的事迹渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。 That all changed in 1988 when his wife Grete found a forgotten journal at home.The journal contained photographs and names of the children and addresses of the families that took them in⑱. She sent the journal to a newspaper, and that year Winton was seen on the British television programme That’s Life. At one point⑲， the host asked people in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives. A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet⑳.The programme brought his actions to public attention㉑， and Winton became a respected㉒ figure around the world. as引导的时间状语从句。 ⑱take in 收留，留宿 ⑲at one point 曾经，一度 ⑳rise to one’s feet 站起身来 ㉑bring ... to public attention使……引起公众注意 ㉒respected adj. 受尊敬的，受敬重的 a respected figure 一位受人尊敬的人物 [词链]respect(vt.& n．尊敬)—respected (adj.)—respectable (adj. 体面的，得体的，值得尊敬的)—respectful (adj. 表示敬意的，尊敬的) 直到1988年，他的妻子格蕾特在家中发现了一本被遗忘的日记，一切都发生了改变。日记本中夹着孩子们的照片，记录着孩子们的名字和寄养家庭的地址。她把这本日记送到了一家报社。那一年，温顿上了英国的一档电视节目——《这就是人生》。节目中，主持人问在场观众中有没有被温顿救过的人，如果有请起立。看到大多数人站了起来，温顿感到很震惊。这个节目让温顿的善举被公众了解，也让温顿被世界各地的人们尊敬。 Later, Winton received various honours for his achievement㉓， including a knighthood㉔ in 2003, and the Czech government’s highest honour, the Order of the White Lion㉕， in 2014. ㉓achievement /ə'tʃiːvmənt/ n．[C]成绩，成就 ㉔knighthood /'naIthʊd/ n．[C](英国的)爵士封号或头衔 ㉕the Order of the White Lion 白狮勋章 后来，温顿因为自己的成就而获得了诸多荣誉，包括2003年获封的爵士称号以及2014年获得的捷克政府颁发的最高荣誉——白狮勋章。 Nicholas Winton passed away㉖ on 1 July 2015, at the age of 106. As the Chinese saying goes， “A kind-hearted person lives a long life.” 固定用法，意为“俗话说，常言道”。 ㉖pass away 去世 尼古拉斯·温顿于2015年7月1日与世长辞，享年106岁。这恰恰印证了中国的一句古话：仁者寿。 人物小传 Oskar Schindler (1908－1974) was a German businessman, who is praised for saving the lives of approximately 1，100 Jews during World War Ⅱ by employing them in his factories. He is respected by Jews and people who desire justice and equality all over the world. The world-famous film Schindler’s List, directed by Steven Spielberg, was based on Oskar Schindler’s story. Read the text and choose the best answers. 1．What did Nicholas mainly do after graduation? A．He was devoted to charities. B．He mainly paid attention to writing. C．He worked in business with his family. D．He worked in banks in Germany and France. 答案：D Part 2　语篇研析 2．What made Nicholas Winton’s story known to the public? A．Leaders’ praise. B．His wife’s promotion. C．The 669 children’s appearance. D．The television programme That’s Life. 答案：D 3．What can we infer from the fifth paragraph? A．The program was very interesting. B．The audience were moved by Winton’s deed. C．The audience liked the children saved by Winton. D．Winton’s wife found a journal about some brave soldiers. 答案：B 4．What does the Chinese saying in the end of the text imply to us? A.The Chinese have the longest life. B．Everyone must live a long life. C．The Chinese are the kindest people. D．Everyone should be a kind person. 答案：D 关键能力 互动探究 Ⅰ.核心单词 1．aid v．帮助，援助 n．援助 It is necessary for you to keep a first aid kit at home so that you can aid yourself and your family members or even go to your neighbors’ aid. 你有必要在家里备一个急救箱，这样你就可以帮助自己和家人，甚至可以去帮助你的邻居。 词汇识记 2．temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的(→temporarily adv.暂时→permanent adj.永久的) Compared with a permanent but meaningless job，I would rather do something temporary. 与一份永久但毫无意义的工作相比，我宁愿做一些暂时的事情。 3．military n．军队 He left the military in 1954 and then worked for international charities and for various companies. 1954年，他离开军队，后来为国际慈善机构和多家公司工作。 4．achievement n．成绩，成就(→achieve v．实现，获得) It is with my parents’ generous help that I achieved my dream in a short time. 正是在我父母的慷慨帮助下，我才在短时间内实现了我的梦想。 There is no denying that helping others can also give us a sense of achievement. 无可否认，帮助他人也能给我们带来成就感。 5．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的(→chiefly adv.主要地) The chief editor expressed his doubt whether people would enjoy reading such magazines which are chiefly aimed at college students. 主编对人们是否喜欢阅读这种主要面向大学生的杂志表示怀疑。 6．major adj.重要的，主要的 v．主修 n．专业(→majority n．大多数→minor adj.次要的；较小的→minority n．少数；少数派) I majored in English in college at first，but in the second year I changed my major to art history. 我在大学一开始主修英语，但在第二年我把专业改成了艺术史。 The major reason why I gave up this mission was that the majority of people were against it and only a minority of people were for it. 我放弃这个任务的主要原因是大多数人都反对它，只有少数人支持。 7．treatment n．治疗；疗法(→treat vt.治疗；对待；款待) treat sb./oneself to sth.用某物款待某人/自己 treat sb. for...with...用……治疗某人的……病 under treatment在治疗中 The doctor treated his cancer with a new drug but didn’t cure him. 医生用一种新药治疗他的癌症，但没有治好。 The guy argued that he suffered unfair treatment when he was treated in the hospital. 那个男人辩称，他在医院接受治疗时受到了不公平的待遇。 8．obtain v．获得，得到 I really want to obtain this precious opportunity and I’m sure that I can live up to your expectations. 我真的很想获得这个宝贵的机会，我相信我能达到你的期望。 9．certificate n．证明书，证书 It’s required that those who want to apply for the job should hand in their original graduation certificate. 要求任何想申请这份工作的人都要提交他们的毕业证书原件。 10．ministry n．(政府的)部 You should firstly obtain the certificate which is issued by the Ministry of Education. 你应该先取得教育部颁发的证书。 11．further adj.更多的，附加的 In summary，not only will the exhibition appeal to you but it will help you have a further understanding of traditional Chinese culture. 总之，展览不仅能吸引你，还能帮助你进一步了解中国传统文化。 Ⅱ.阅读词汇 1．Nazi n．纳粹党员，纳粹分子 2．Jewish adj.犹太人的，犹太教的 3．knighthood n．(英国的)爵士封号或头衔 4．drug n．药物，药材 默写练习 【限时：10分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．_____ v．帮助，援助 2．___________adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的 3．___________n．军队 4．_______ adj.最高级别的，首席的 aid temporary military chief 5．________ v．获得，得到 6．________ adj.更多的，附加的 7．achieve vt.完成；达到→_____________ n．成绩，成就 8．major adj.重要的，主要的→__________ n．大部分，大多数 9．treat vt.治疗；对待；款待 n．款待；招待→___________ n．治疗；疗法 obtain further achievement majority treatment Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．It is likely that the drug addict will be sent to the center for further ___________ (treat). 2．The airport is _________ (far)away than I thought, so I need to leave earlier to catch my flight. 3．While Linda was opposed，the _________ (major) of the students were in favour of the plan. treatment farther majority 4．Devoted to work，she finally earned her colleagues’ respect and admiration by her great ______________(achieve). 5. The stress of work _____________ (temporary) affected his health, causing him to experience headaches and a decrease in overall well-being. achievements temporarily Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1．___________________运送……到安全地方 2．________________把……记录下来 3．________收留，收容 4．_____________一度，在某一刻 5．_________________站起身来 6．________________________让公众注意到…… 7．___________去世 transport...to safety keep records of take in at one point rise to one’s feet bring...to public attention pass away Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．There have been an increasing number of people who are willing to donate their organs (器官) after they ____________ in recent years. 2．The computer helps _____________________ large amounts of information, bringing great convenience to our life and work. 3．The old lady was so kind-hearted that she offered to ________ the homeless child when she came across him sleeping under a bridge. pass away keep records of take in 4．__________ he considered becoming a professional soccer player, but finally he made a career in tennis. 5．Halfway through the race she fell down and her knees were injured, but she soon __________________ and managed to get to the finish line. At one point rose to her feet 词汇精研 1.aid v.& n．帮助，援助 [教材原句] In December 1938, a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis. 1938年12月，温顿的一个朋友请他来到布拉格，帮助人们逃脱纳粹分子的魔掌。 (1)aid sb. to do sth.帮助某人做某事 aid sb. with sth./in (doing) sth.帮助某人(做)某事 (2)in aid of为了帮助…… come to one’s aid帮助某人 with the aid of...在……的帮助下 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/补全句子/词汇升级 ①Because the rain is around the corner, I suggest we aid the farmers __________ the harvest. ②_________________________ (在我们老师的帮助下), we learned how to give first aid effectively in various emergency situations. in/with With the aid of our teachers ③Through the Monthly Donation, Touchmedia has provided the general public with a means of making regular contributions __________ (为了帮助) the poor and needy. ④She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not helped her. →She believes the story might have had a different ending if those good people had not _________________. in aid of come to her aid 2.rise to one’s feet 站起身来 [教材原句] A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet. 看到大多数人站了起来，温顿感到很震惊。 struggle to one’s feet挣扎着站起来 jump to one’s feet跳起来 set foot on/in进入；踏入；涉足于 stand on one’s own feet自立；独立自主 [即学即练]——用foot的相关短语完成句子 ①At the sight of his mother, the boy in the garden _______________ and ran to her.(续写佳句之动作描写) ②Though he was badly wounded in the match, he _______________ _____ and went on running. ③After years of hard work, she finally _____________________ and started her own business. jumped to his feet struggled to his feet stood on her own feet ④In 1895, a Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to ____________ the Antarctic mainland. ⑤As Mary came into the stadium to run the last few metres of the 42-kilometre race, the crowd ____________________ to shout and cheer. (续写佳句之场景描写) set foot on rose to their feet 3.achievement n.[C]成绩，成就，功绩；[U]达到，完成 [教材原句] Later, Winton received various honours for his achievement, including a knighthood in 2003, and the Czech government’s highest honour, the Order of the White Lion, in 2014. 后来，温顿因为自己的成就而获得了诸多荣誉，包括2003年获封的爵士称号以及2014年获得的捷克政府颁发的最高荣誉——白狮勋章。 (1)make an achievement/achievements取得成就 a sense of achievement成就感 (2)achieve v．达到；完成 achieve success获得成功 achieve one’s goal/dream达到某人的目标/实现某人的梦想 [即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I’ve been motivated—and demotivated—by other folks’ ______________ (achieve) all my life. ②(北师大必修1U1)______________ (achieve) all I want, I must use my time well. At school, I do my homework when I have spare time. After school, I try to use any possible time to revise the things I have learnt during the day. achievements To achieve ③我坚信你一定能实现进入重点大学的梦想，这将带给你一种美妙的成就感。 I hold the firm belief that you are bound to _____________________ of being admitted to a key university, which will give you a wonderful ____________________. (应用文佳句之劝慰信) achieve your dream sense of achievement 句式剖析 “on＋doing...”意为“一……就……” [教材原句] On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. 从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。 (1)句中介词短语“on/upon (doing) sth.”作状语，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”。 (2)表示“一……就……”的结构还有： ①the moment/minute/second＋从句 ②immediately/directly/instantly＋从句 ③no sooner...than.../hardly...when...(主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句应部分倒装) [即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译 ①_____ minute I entered the wrong classroom, I felt embarrassed. ②Hardly had he arrived at the railway station ______ he found the train had just left. The when ③我一知道需要一些志愿者时，就迫不及待地写信申请这个职位。 →___________________________________________，I can’t wait to write to apply for the position. →__________________________________________________________________________________，I can’t wait to write to apply for the position. (应用文佳句之申请信) On/Upon knowing that some volunteers are wanted The moment/minute/second/Immediately/Directly/Instantly I know that some volunteers are wanted 进阶提升 写作微练 课文词汇 1．live in terrible conditions生活在绝境中 2．decide to help transport children to safety决定把孩子们转移到安全的地方 3．use donated funds and his own money to pay用捐款加上自己的钱支付 名人介绍描写 4．serve as an officer成为一名军官 5．save one’s life拯救某人的生命 6．rise to one’s feet站起身来 7．a respected figure一位受人尊敬的人物 8．receive various honours 赢得了各种各样的荣誉 补充词汇 9．make great contributions to为……作出重大贡献 10．devote oneself to献身于…… 11．be known as作为……而著名 12．further study深造 13．think highly of高度评价 课本原句 1．Nicholas Winton was born on 19 May 1909 in London, to German-Jewish parents. 尼古拉斯·温顿1909年5月19日出生于伦敦，父母是德裔犹太人。 2．On leaving school, Winton worked in banks in Germany and France. 从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。 3．He returned to Britain in 1931, where he worked in business. 他在1931年返回英国经商。 4．The programme brought his actions to public attention, and Winton became a respected figure around the world. 这个节目让温顿的善举被公众了解，也让温顿被世界各地的人们尊敬。 其他表达 5．He was curious about everything around him and was eager to figure it out. 他对周围的一切都很好奇，很想把它弄明白。 6．As a boy, he dreamed of becoming a great scientist, focusing his attention on environmental protection. 小时候，他梦想成为一名伟大的科学家，将注意力集中在环境保护上。 1．回到中国后，这位科学家一直致力于科学研究，并为国家的发展做出了巨大贡献，直到去世。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ After returning to China，the scientist had been committed to scientific research and made great contributions to the development of the country until his death. 2．她于1972年出生在中国东北的一个普通家庭，从小就对天文学产生了兴趣，渴望成为一名天文学家。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Born in 1972 in an ordinary family in Northeast China, she developed an interest in astronomy at an early age, eager to become an astronomer. 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．She is deaf, but refuses to let her ___________ (残疾) prevent her from doing what she wants to. 2．His parents are proud of his _________________ (成就) which he has made in the field of chemistry. 3．Only when you have _________ (获得) enough evidence can you come to a sound conclusion. disability achievement(s) obtained 4．Their house is being rebuilt now, so they have to move into ___________ (临时的) accommodation. 5．A wealthy man came to their _________ (帮助)with a _________ (慷慨的)donation and offered them hope and encouragement during their difficult times. 6．Then came the good news that scientists have made a great breakthrough in the ___________ (治疗) of a previously incurable disease, giving patients new hope for a better future. temporary assistance generous treatment Ⅱ.完成句子 1．一到达机场，他就打电话给母亲报平安。 _______________________________, he rang up his mother to say everything was OK. 2．当他结束表演时，所有的观众都站起来热烈鼓掌。 All the audience ____________________ and applauded loudly when he finished his performance. On arriving/his arrival at the airport rose to their feet 3．这个行动计划引起了公众对很多普通人的注意。 The strategy has _________________________________________． 4．两百人在事故中丧生，其中有许多儿童。(独立主格) Two hundred people died in the accident，____________________． 5．我的想法是他们应把所做的事记录下来。 My idea is that they should _______________ what they have done. brought many ordinary people to public attention many of them children keep records of 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．With the rapid development of medical science, we will be seeing more new drugs used in the ___________ (treat) of cancer. 2．Hearing a strange sound, the little boy quickly rose ____ his feet and cautiously stared into the darkness, trying to figure out what had made the noise. 3．Jack has made great ______________ (achieve) in his work, and the harder he works, the more energetic he becomes. treatment to achievements 4．The winter months can often seem quite dull, many of us spending the _________ (major) of our time indoors. 5．Standing on the mountaintop, I felt the wind and took ____ a breath of fresh air, appreciating the beauty of nature. 6．My elder brother never hesitates ________ (come) to my _________ (assist) whenever I turn to him for help. 7．The water supply has been cut off ___________ (temporary) because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes now. majority in to come assistance temporarily 8．Keeping records ____ your daily activities can help you stay organized and focused, enabling you to make informed decisions about your time management. 9．Thousands of volunteers worked day and night __________ (aid) firefighters in putting out wildfires last week. 10．If we don’t bring the importance of recycling ____ public attention, we will miss an opportunity to create a more sustainable environment and reduce waste pollution. of to aid to Ⅱ.完成句子 1．(北师必修2U4) 众所周知，重要的社交技能是通过直接与他人接触培养的。 (as引导非限制性定语从句) ______________, important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people. 2．一到达山顶，我们就被这里美丽的风景深深地吸引了。(on/upon doing sth.) ___________________________________, we were deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery here. As we know On/Upon arriving at the top of the hill 3．许多人加入了社区服务活动，其中很多是妇女和儿童。(独立主格结构) Many people took part in the community service activities，__________ ________________________. many of them women and children Ⅲ.阅读理解 Rugiatu Favour Kanu, an Agriculture graduate from Njala University，wants to leave the future of farming in good hands. That’s why she started her business, Slay Farms, in Sierra Leone(塞拉利昂).On her over 40，000 square metres of land, Rugiatu works with other women farmers while teaching them everything she knows about sustainable agriculture. This effort has earned her the nickname “The Slay Farmer”． Slay Farms is more than just a company; it’s also a community. By building a network of farmers who share their skills, Rugiatu has created a space where women with shared goals can help each other. The farm hosts a variety of learning events to spread information about the latest sustainable agricultural technology. It also connects farmers with a wider market for their goods. “ In a country where agriculture is a key sector and the majority of the population is engaged in farming, building relationships with other farmers can also help young agribusiness entrepreneurs (企业家) understand the local context, including the challenges and opportunities that exist，” she wrote in a post on the website of Slay Farms. She continued, “I encourage young farmers to adopt new, improved methods of farming, and I believe by supporting each other, they can create a more sustainable agricultural sector in Sierra Leone, contributing to the country’s economic growth and development.” According to SwitSalone, Rugiatu also works for the Produce Monitoring Board. As a Quality Control Coordinator, she helps to make sure that local farms are putting out the best possible produce for domestic and global distribution. Rugiatu’s contributions to promoting agricultural innovation and giving other women farmers a leg up in the industry earned her the Mandela Washington Fellowship for Young African Leaders. This program has taken her to Clark Atlanta University in Atlanta, Georgia for academic and leadership courses that she’ll be able to apply to her work back home. Plus, it will afford her numerous networking opportunities to continue growing her agricultural community! [语篇解读]　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了塞拉利昂的Rugiatu Favour Kanu 创办的Slay Farms及她对农业领域的贡献。 1．Why did Rugiatu establish Slay Farms? A．To do research on sustainable agriculture. B．To improve local farmers’ farming ability. C．To earn the support of the local community. D．To ensure the food safety in Sierra Leone. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，Rugiatu 很为当地农业的未来担忧，想让农业发展井然有序，她创办 Slay Farms 就是为了提高当地农民的耕种能力。故选B。 2 3 1 4 2．What can be inferred from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4? A．Sierra Leone is a developed agricultural nation. B．Foreign agribusiness firms will invest more in Sierra Leone. C．Sierra Leone is faced with the greatest challenge in agriculture. D．Rugiatu’s business is changing the future of agriculture in Sierra Leone. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段和第四段的内容可知，在塞拉利昂，农业是关键行业，大多数人口从事农业，与其他农民建立联系可以帮助年轻的农业综合企业家了解当地的情况。同时她鼓励年轻农民采用新的、改良的耕作模式并相信他们可以在塞拉利昂创建一种更可持续的农业，为该国的经济增长和发展作出贡献。由此推知，Rugiatu的事业正在改变塞拉利昂农业的未来。故选 D。 2 3 1 4 3．Which words can best describe Rugiatu? A．Creative and humorous. B．Ambitious and responsible. C．Straightforward but friendly. D．Determined but conservative. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据文章首段中的“On her over 40，000 square metres of land, Rugiatu works with...she knows about sustainable agriculture”可知，Rugiatu创办该农场帮助提高了当地妇女的耕种能力；同时根据第五段内容可知，Rugiatu还在塞拉利昂农产品监测委员会当质量控制员，帮助确保当地农场为国内和全球分销提供最好的产品。由此推知，Rugiatu是一个有抱负且负责任的人。故选B。 2 3 1 4 4．What is the text mainly about? A．A network of women farmers. B．A program for African farmers. C．A young African farming leader. D．A global agricultural community. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了塞拉利昂的Rugiatu Favour Kanu创办的 Slay Farms及她对农业领域的贡献。由此可知，本文主要介绍了一位年轻的非洲农业领导者。故选 C。 2 3 1 4 Ⅳ.阅读七选五 Volunteers make a significant difference in the lives of others. Often, they perform with the intention of helping those in need. 1 Certain activities can have therapeutic (治疗的) effects. From lowering stress to increasing self-confidence, volunteering offers many health benefits. 2 Volunteers perform important roles in their duties. They serve as greeters providing patient room information and directions and as Critical Care waiting room attendants. Outside of a healthcare setting, volunteers improve our beaches, parks, and other public services. Volunteers’ work is necessary to everyday processes, providing them with a sense of purpose. Volunteering helps you meet others and develop new relationships. One of the best ways to make new friends and strengthen existing relationships is to take part in a shared activity. 3 Spending your time working as a volunteer also helps you expand your network and practice social skills with others. Volunteering helps you develop a feeling of gratitude. This social emotion isn’t always the easiest to express due to inherent vulnerability (固有脆弱性), but it can strengthen relationships with those closest to you. Volunteering allows you to take a step back to look at the bigger picture, which can help you realize never take life for granted and always be appreciative of what you have. 4 Volunteering may reduce stress levels. 5 By enjoying time spent in service to others, you will feel a sense of meaning and appreciation, both given and received, which can have a stress-reducing effect. A．What do you hope to get out of volunteering? B．There are many organizations that actively seek volunteers. C．It’s the little things you have that give you a sense of satisfaction. D．Volunteering teaches valuable skills and gives a sense of purpose. E．Volunteering may strengthen a person’s social networks to relieve stress. F．But do you know that volunteering can benefit your own health as well? G．Volunteering is a great way to meet new people who share common interests with you. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了志愿服务不仅能够帮助他人，而且能够让志愿者自身受益，可以帮助志愿者体会使命感、拓展人际关系及缓解压力等。 1．答案：F 解析：空前讲他们的目的是帮助那些需要帮助的人，空后讲某些活动可能具有治疗效果，从减轻压力到增强自信，志愿服务对健康有很多好处。由此可知，设空处会从志愿服务帮助他人过渡到志愿服务对志愿者也有好处， F 项“But do you know that volunteering can benefit your own health as well？”符合语境，起到过渡的作用，其中的 benefit 与下文的 health benefits 呼应。 2．答案：D 解析：根据下文可知，本段主要讨论了志愿服务在社会生活中的重要作用和其中的使命感，D项“Volunteering teaches valuable skills and gives a sense of purpose.”符合语境，可统领本段。 3．答案：G 解析：空前讲志愿服务可以帮助你结识他人并发展新的关系，结交新朋友和加强现有关系的最好方法之一是参加共同的活动，由此可知，本段在讨论志愿服务对于拓展人际关系的好处，空处会具体说明其原因，G项“Volunteering is a great way to meet new people who share common interests with you.”符合语境，其中的 new people和上文的new friends 呼应。 4．答案：C 解析：根据空前内容可知，本段讨论的是志愿服务对于培养感激之情的好处，空处应承接感激这一话题，C项“It’s the little things you have that give you a sense of satisfaction.”符合语境，其中的satisfaction和上文的be appreciative of 呼应。 5．答案：E 解析：根据空前“Volunteering may reduce stress levels.”可知，本段讨论的是志愿服务对于缓解压力的好处，空处应承接这一话题，E项“Volunteering may strengthen a person’s social networks to relieve stress.”符合语境，其中的 relieve stress与上文的 reduce stress levels 呼应，social networks 与下文的 service to others 呼应。 $$