U1 Period 2 Reading and Thinking & -【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

选择性必修第四册 UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION Period 2　Reading and Thinking & Build up your vocabulary—Language Points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 词汇识记 1．fiction n．小说；虚构的事   He loves science fiction in particular. 他特别喜爱科幻小说。 science fiction 科幻小说(或影片等) 2．test out检验；测试 The household robot is going to be tested out. 这个家用机器人将进行试用。 3．bonus n．意外收获；奖金；红利 She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus. 她因自己所作的努力而得到一笔奖金。 4．more like 更像是；更接近 I'd say he was more like his father, if anything. 依我看，如果一定要说他像谁的话，他比较像他的父亲。 5．ridiculous adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的   It did nothing but made us ridiculous. 它只是让我们显得可笑。 6．integrity n．诚实正直；完整；完好 I have always regarded him as a man of integrity. 我一直把他看作一个正直的男人。 ridicule n．& v．嘲笑＋-ous……的→ridiculous adj.荒谬的 7．dignity n．庄重；庄严；尊严 He had been robbed of his dignity. 他已失去了尊严。 8．salary n．薪水；薪金 His salary is now in six figures. 他的薪水现在是六位数。 9．absurd adj.荒谬的；荒唐的 It was absurd and illogical to go out into such a storm. 在这样的暴风雨中外出简直是荒唐和莫名其妙。 10．appointment n．预约；约会；委任     Can I arrange an appointment for Monday? 我可以安排星期一约见吗？ appoint vt.安排，确定(时间、地点)；任命，委任＋-ment……的行为或结果→appointment n．预约；约会；委任 11．nail n．指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定 I found a nail sticking in the tyre. 我发现轮胎上扎了一根钉子。 12．saleswoman n．女售货员；女推销员 In her younger days, my mother had been a successful saleswoman. 在年轻的时候，我母亲曾是一位成功的推销员。 13．guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的     He was found guilty of murder. 经裁决，他犯有谋杀罪。 guilt n．内疚；悔恨 14．suspend vt.悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 The policeman was suspended while the complaint was investigated. 投诉调查期间，这名警察被暂停职务。 15．ladder n．梯子；阶梯 Diligence is often a ladder to success. 勤勉常常是通往成功的阶梯。 16．dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 He was so irresponsible that I decided to dismiss him. 他如此不负责任，我决定解雇他。 17．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布     The government is ready to declare a permanent ceasefire. 政府已经准备好宣布永久停火。 18．whereas conj.然而；但是；尽管 Some of the studies show positive results，whereas others do not. 有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。 declaration n．表明；宣称；公告 19．rumour n．谣言；传闻 Have you any idea where the rumour started? 你知不知道谣言是从哪儿传出来的？ 20．presume vt.& vi.假设；假定 We presume this must have happened during the night. 我们估计这是在夜间发生的。 21．fare n．车费；船费；飞机票价 Children travel (at) half fare. 儿童交通费减半。 22．weekly adj.每周的 n．周刊 The newspaper is published twice weekly. 这份报纸每周出版两次。 23．on a．..basis 根据；以……的方式(基准) She works there on a voluntary basis. 她自愿在那里无偿工作。 24．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测 No one had found a way to calculate accurate distances to the planets from the Earth. 还没有人找到方法来计算从地球到行星的精确距离。 25．chairwoman n．女主席；女董事长；女委员长     The board also suspended her job as its chairwoman. 公司董事会也暂停了她的董事长职务。 chair主席席位＋-woman……职业的女人→chairwoman n．女主席；女董事长；女委员长 26．gramme n．克(重量单位) So how did we end up at $10 a gramme? 那么我们为什么能拿到每克10美元的价格呢？ 27．flour n．面粉；(谷物磨成的)粉 Bread is made from flour. 面包是由面粉加工而成的． 28．venue n．活动场地(如音乐厅、会场等) The band will be playing at 20 different venues on their UK tour. 这个乐队在英国巡回演出期间将在20个不同的地点演出。 29．salesman n．售货员；推销员 The salesman hurried the customer into making a choice. 售货员催促顾客作出选择。 30．alien n．外星人(生物)；外国人 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的 His work offers an insight into an alien culture. 他的作品能让人们对一种异域文化产生较深入的了解。 默写练习 【限时：20分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ n．小说；虚构的事 2．____________ n．意外收获；奖金；红利 3．____________ adj.愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的 4．____________ n．诚实正直；完整；完好 5．____________ n．庄重；庄严；尊严 fiction bonus ridiculous integrity dignity 6．____________ n．薪水；薪金 7．____________ adj.荒谬的；荒唐的 8．____________ n．指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt.(用钉子)钉牢；固定 9．____________ n．女售货员；女推销员 10．____________ n．梯子；阶梯 11．____________ vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 salary absurd nail saleswoman ladder dismiss 12．____________ conj.然而；但是；尽管 13．____________ n．谣言；传闻 14．____________ vt.& vi.假定；假设 15．____________ n．车费；船费；飞机票价 16．____________ n．外星人(生物)；外国人 adj.陌生的；外星的；外国的 whereas rumour presume fare alien 17．____________ n．预约；约会；委任→____________ v．任命；委任；安排 18．____________ adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→____________ n．内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行；有罪 19．____________ vt.表明；宣称；公布→__________ n．公告；宣言；声明 20．____________ vt.计算；核算；预测→__________ n．计算器→____________ n．计算 appointment　 appoint guilty　 guilt declare　 declaration calculate calculator calculation Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．Mary and I had arranged to meet at the shopping center, but she failed to keep the ____________ (appoint), so I was very angry. 2．He __________ that he was innocent in court.His ____________ made the case more difficult to deal with.(declare) 3．You need to ____________ how much time the assignment will take，though your ____________ may not be very accurate.(calculate) appointment declared declaration calculate　 calculation 4．Instead of losing ____________ (dignify)，you would gain respect for bravely admitting your mistakes. 5．He was ____________ of murder and he was filled with much ____________．(guilty) dignity guilty　 guilt Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1．________________ 检验；测试 2．________________ 更像是；更接近 3．________________ 根据；以……的方式(基准) 4．________________ 面部表情 5．________________ 作为帮忙 6．________________ 更确切地说 test out more like on a ... basis facial expression as a favour or rather 7．________________ 惊奇地 8．________________ 从……掉下来 9．____________________ 拥抱某人 10．________________ 不仅仅 with wonder fall off take sb.in one's arms more than Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．The general manager opened a single store in Europe with the purpose of ________________ the market. 2．His ________________ clearly showed his frustration with the situation. 3．________________ to my neighbour，I offered to pick his kids up from school. testing out facial expression As a favour 4．She worked as a secretary，________________，a personal assistant. 5．She gazed at the night sky ________________， marveling at the countless stars twinkling above. 6．While climbing the tree, he lost his grip and ____________， injuring his right leg. or rather with wonder fell off 词汇精研 1.test out检验；测试 [教材原文] It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife, Claire.这项试验将由拉里的妻子克莱尔来测试。 come out 出来；显露 work out 计算出(＝figure out) set out 动身；开始 wear out 穿破；磨损；使筋疲力尽 (1)This new product had been tested ____________ before it was put into mass production. (2)他的工作是在新设计的汽车投入市场之前对它们进行检验。 His work is __________________________ before they are put on the market. (3)她跌坐在椅子上，筋疲力尽了。 She dropped into a chair，completely ____________. out to test out new designs of cars worn out 2.appointment n．预约；约会；委任 [教材原文] She had an appointment to paint her nails, then she went into an expensive clothes shop.她按预约做了美甲，然后走进一家昂贵的服装店。 ·make/have an appointment with sb.与某人预约/约定(时间)/有约 keep/break an appointment 守约/失约 ·appoint v．任命；委任 appoint sb.as/to be...指定/任命某人为…… ·appointed adj.指定的，约定的 at the appointed time 在约定的时间 (1)Your ____________ will be cancelled immediately if you fail to arrive at the scene at the ____________ time.(appoint) (2)(应用文写作之道歉信)我和这位科幻小说作家在咖啡馆有约。但是由于一位不速之客，我不得不失约。因我不能赴约，请替我传达我诚挚的歉意。 I ____________________________________ the science fiction writer at the cafe.But because of an unexpected visitor，I have to __________________．Please convey my heartfelt apology for not __________________________． appointment　 appointed have made/had an appointment with break the appointment　 keeping my appointment　 (3)(应用文写作之祝贺信)得知你被任命为该组织的主席，我写信祝贺你。 ____________________________________ the chairman of the organization, I am writing to congratulate you. Learning that you are appointed as/to be 3.guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 [教材原文] Although it was completely innocent, Claire felt guilty.尽管根本不是这么一回事，克莱尔还是感到内疚。 ·be guilty of...犯有……罪 be/feel guilty about...对……感到内疚，对……有愧 ·guilt n．内疚；犯罪；过失 out of guilt出于愧疚 a sense of guilt 愧疚感 (1)What greatly astonished me was that he was guilty _____ a crime and was put in prison. (2)(读后续写之心理描写)他对犯如此愚蠢的错误感到内疚，眼中涌出了内疚的泪水。 He ________________ making such a stupid mistake and ____________________ welled up in his eyes. (3)出于愧疚，我向我的老师解释，并保证这种事情不会再发生。 ________________， I explained to my teacher and promised this would never happen again. of was guilty about　 tears of guilt Out of guilt 4.dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 [教材原文] The guests would be arriving soon, so Claire dismissed Tony for the rest of the night.客人们很快就要到了，克莱尔让托尼结束了当晚的工作。 dismiss sb.for...因……而解雇/开除某人 dismiss sb.from sth.将某人从……开除/解雇 (1)It turned out that he was dismissed ____________ being lazy and dishonest. (2)这个女董事长由于一些所谓的传闻被免除了职位，这把她扔进了无尽的悲伤的世界。 The chairwoman ________________________ for some so－called rumours，which threw her into the world of endless sadness. for was dismissed from her post 5.declare vt.表明；宣称；公布 [教材原文] She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她听到他说，他第二天不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。 declare that...声称…… declare for/against (doing) sth.声明赞成/反对(做)某事 declare war on/against...向……宣战 declare...to be/as...宣布……是…… (1)An elderly man from Hull has confused doctors by recovering after he ____________ (declare) dead officially. (2)(读后续写之心理描写)当老师宣布我是这次写作比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。 →When the teacher ______________________ the winner of the writing contest, I was surprised and pleased. →When the teacher ______________________ the winner of the writing contest，I was surprised and pleased. was declared declared me to be/as　 declared that I was (3)尽管他怒不可遏，他也不愿意向他的老朋友宣战。 Although he boiled with anger，he was unwilling to ____________________ his old friends. declare war on/against 6.more than超过；非常；不仅仅 [教材原文] She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her.她听到他说，他第二天不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。 more than＋数词(＝over)　超过，不止 more than＋名词(＝not only)　不只是，不仅仅是 more than＋形容词/副词(＝very)　非常，很 not more than＋数词　不多于；不超过；至多 no more than＋数词　仅仅；只不过 (1)New research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done.______ (2)(2023·全国甲卷)This，more than a book about understanding philosophy, is a book about learning to use philosophy to improve a life.____________________ 超过 不只是，不仅仅是 (3)Hearing that you are coming to our school to give us a lecture on Western art, I'm more than delighted.____________ (4)已经不止一位农民歌手出现在春节联欢晚会的舞台上了。 ______________________________________ on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala. (5)It was said that his whole school education added up to only one year. →It was said that his whole school education added up to ______________ one year. 非常，很 More than one farmer singer has appeared no more than [名师指津]　more than one意为“不止一个”，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 句式剖析 1.It＋be＋adj.＋that从句 [教材原文] Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot，but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.克莱尔觉得被一个机器人同情有点荒唐，但她逐渐钦佩他的智慧和正直，并开始信任他。 ·“It＋be＋adj.＋that从句”是固定句式，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。 ·it作形式主语的其他常用句式： ①It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，reported/...)＋that从句 ②It＋不及物动词(seem，occur，happen/...)＋that从句 (1)(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)她说，我们必须保持对人工智能的控制，否则就有可能被边缘化，甚至更糟。 She says ___________________ we keep control of artificial intelligence, or risk being sidelined and perhaps even worse. (2)双胞胎突然想起他们可以为亲爱的妈妈做一顿美味的母亲节早餐。 ________________________ they could cook a delicious Mother's Day breakfast for their beloved mother. it is essential that It occurred to the twins that (3)据报道，今年这个国家又有一颗卫星被送入轨道。 ____________________ another satellite has been sent into orbit in this country this year.   It is reported that 2.完全倒装句 [教材原文] As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身时，格拉迪丝·克拉芬就站在那里。 ·here，there，in，out，off，away，up，down，now，then等表示方位、方向或时间的副词或者表示地点的介词短语置于句首，谓语动词是be，come，go，remain，lie，run，stand等，且主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装； ·主系表结构中，作表语的形容词、分词(短语)置于句首时，句子用完全倒装；such作表语置于句首时，句子用完全倒装。 (1)(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)一棵大树下坐着失望的大卫，他不情愿地放弃了越野赛，悲伤的泪水不受控制地顺着他的脸颊流下。 _____________________________________，who unwillingly quit the cross－country run and tears of sadness streamed down his cheeks without control. Under a big tree sat disappointed David (2)(应用文写作之地点介绍)这就是我们这座充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。 ________________________， which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience. (3)出席会议的是一些全国著名的诗人。 ________________________ some famous poets all over the country. Such is our lively city Present at the meeting are 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．In some cases people have to wait several hours for an ____________ (appoint) for their medical examinations. 2．If something ____________ (suspend) from a high place, it is hanging from that place. 3．The result of the experiment was very ____________．Not only did we feel ____________ with it, but our teacher looked at us with ____________．(satisfy) appointment is suspended　 satisfying　 satisfied　 satisfaction 4．Recently, a new model of morning classes is being tested ____________ in our school to see whether it works well. 5．The saleswoman felt ____________(guilt) for not treating the old customer patiently. 6．The reason why he failed the exam again was that he was more lazy ____________ stupid. out guilty than 7．The salesman was dismissed ____________ stealing some expensive necklaces. 8．It is our desire that every child ____________ (have) an equal opportunity to get an education of high quality. 9．____________ is ridiculous that we should be short of water in a country where it is always raining. 10．If we declare war ____________ climate change, then yes we can do it. for (should) have It on/against Ⅱ.选词填空 more than, accompany sb.to, as a favour, with wonder, test out, fall off, or rather, even though，make an appointment, experiment with 1．I asked him to ________________ the supermarket but he refused. 2．All the leather products will be ____________ before leaving the factory. 3．I am not a saleswoman here；I am just selling the goods ____________． accompany me to tested out as a favour 4．The chairwoman is ____________ our leader.She is also our friend. 5．To earn a bonus，he worked till late last night, ____________，early this morning. 6．____________ he is in a bad mood，he will not lose his temper. 7．Can I see my doctor directly or do I need to ______________________？ more than or rather Even though make an appointment 8．What stunned the boys was that the robot could play football ____________． 9．Unluckily, the girl ____________ her bike and burst out crying. 10．Scientists ________________ rats in order to discover facts about human behaviour. with wonder fell off experiment with Ⅲ.完成句子 1．促使她成功的原因，与其说是她的聪明，倒不如说是她的努力工作。(more...than...) ____________________________________________ that led to her success. 2．现在有一个好机会，你可以利用暑假参加游学活动。(完全倒装) _____________________________ that you can use your summer vacation to go on study tours. It was more her hard work than her cleverness Here comes a good chance 3．现今，越来越多的机器人被委派代替工人工作。(appoint sb.to do...) ______________________________________________ instead of workers. 4．不止一个学生知道你的秘密。(more than one) _________________________________ your secret. 5．(2024·九省联考)当凯瑟琳转过身时，她的嘴张得大大的。(as) ________________________， her mouth dropped open. Nowadays more and more robots are appointed to work More than one student knows As Katherine turned around 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．They want a big house，____________ (然而) we would rather live in a small flat. 2．If you couldn't concentrate more on your work again，you might be ____________ (解雇) by the company. 3．With Betty's ____________ (薪水) they barely made ends meet. 4．____________ (小说) takes up a large slice of the publishing market. whereas dismissed salary Fiction 5．The instant the ceremony was ____________ (宣布) open, all the students in our school burst into cheers. 6．Isn't it __________________ (荒谬的) to plant crops and not weed the fields? 7．He lost his balance and fell off the ______________ (梯子). 8．It's difficult to preserve your ____________ (尊严) when you have no job and no home. declared absurd/ridiculous ladder　 dignity 9．(2022·浙江1月卷)The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there's a new ____________ (意外收获) to add to the ever－growing list. 10．The political leader turned out to be a person of ____________ (诚实正直), which was contrary to the rumour. bonus integrity Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．With maximum efforts，the salesman managed ____________ (achieve) his initial goal. 2．They were talking about education, _______ rather, about the kind of education that they received in their youth. 3．Jane's pale face suggested that she ________ (be) ill，and her parents suggested that she ____________ (have) a medical examination. to achieve or was (should) have 4．He said he didn't believe the rumour and _______ he had belief in me. 5．I find _____ hard to work at home because there are too many distractions. 6．Linda said she would meet Tom and that she wouldn't tell anyone about the ____________ (appoint). that　 it appointment　 7．The chairwoman was dismissed ____________ her post for being unqualified. 8．Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct ____________ (calculate). from calculation Ⅲ.完成句子 1．互联网使我们有可能在更短的时间内了解世界各地发生的事情。 The Internet _______________________________________________ ________________________________ in much less time. 2．那里矗立着一座追溯到明代的古寺。(完全倒装) ________________________ which dates back to the Ming Dynasty. has made it possible for us to get to know what happens around the world There stands an old temple 3．他躺在草地上，观察着天上的星星。 He lay on the grass，__________________________． 4．越来越多的人被免除了职务。 An increasing number of people _____________________________． 5．我很抱歉不能和你一起去书店了，因为我这周六下午和牙医有约。 I am sorry that I can't go to the bookstore with you ________________________________________________ this Saturday afternoon. watching the stars in the sky are dismissed from their positions because I make/have an appointment with my dentist Ⅳ.阅读理解 A Imagine being able to use energy from the sun all the time, even when it's night.That's the idea that scientists at Caltech(California Institute of Technology) are exploring.They're working on collecting sunlight in space and sending its energy to Earth. Caltech's scientists have created a special tool for this project.They call it MAPLE.MAPLE and two other devices are part of a project that was sent into space in January, 2023.MAPLE's job is to test the idea of sending energy wirelessly from space to Earth.We're used to using wires to move electrical energy from one place to another.But sending energy without wires is a lot trickier. The method used by Caltech's scientists depends on the way waves act when they meet.Imagine two waves coming together as they travel in the same direction.If the tops of the waves line up, they combine to make a bigger wave.But if the top of one wave lines up with the low point of the other, the waves cancel each other out.The Caltech team has found a way to control the timing of lots of microwaves so that they can combine their power, and focus the energy in one direction.It's a little like using a magnifying (放大的) glass to focus sunlight into a small, hot point of light. To prove that the system could work, MAPLE sent energy to two devices just 30 centimeters away in space.This energy was then turned into electricity, which made two small lights light up.Next, MAPLE sent energy all the way down to a lab at Caltech.The scientists were able to detect the energy, proving that it's possible to send solar energy to Earth from space. Dr.Hajimiri, one of the project's leaders, thinks that one day, the system could be extremely useful, bringing energy to places that need it, all over the world.He believes that in the future, we'll be able to send energy to remote regions and areas destroyed by war or natural disasters. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了加州理工学院(Caltech)的科学家正在探索从太空中收集阳光并将其能量发送回地球的想法，他们为此创造了一个特殊工具MAPLE，并解释了MAPLE如何通过控制微波的时机来聚焦能量。 1．What is the challenge in Caltech's project with MAPLE? A．Solar energy detection. B．Wireless energy delivery. C．Sending devices into space. D．Using wires to move electricity. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段可知，MAPLE的挑战是无线能量传输。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 2．How does the Caltech team concentrate solar power? A．By changing the way microwaves act. B．By magnifying waves coming together. C．By controlling the timing of microwaves. D．By lining up the waves in opposite directions. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段可知，加州理工学院的团队通过控制微波的时间来集中太阳能。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 3．What potential benefit could the system bring in the future according to Dr.Hajimiri? A．Warning people of natural disasters. B．Turning solar energy into electricity. C．Providing a solution to energy shortages. D．Sending energy to regions in urgent need. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中Hajimiri博士的说法可知，这个系统在未来会向急需能量的地区输送能量。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Use of Solar Energy in Space Exploration B．The Challenges of Generating Energy Without Wires C．The Development of a New Tool for Collecting Electricity D．The Possibility of Sending Energy Wirelessly from Space to Earth 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：标题归纳题。本文主要讨论了使用Caltech的科学家创造的特殊工具MAPLE从太空向地球无线传输能量的可能性，所以D项“The Possibility of Sending Energy Wirelessly from Space to Earth (从太空向地球无线传输能量的可能性)”最适合作为本文标题。故选D项。 2 3 1 4 B Sometimes a person who thinks in an unusual way can look at the world from a different point of view. Such was Richard Phillips Feynman, a role model change maker. Born in 1918, he began showing some unusual qualities. The first sign of Feynman's unique qualities was that he hadn't yet spoken by age three. But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering. He enjoyed repairing household objects, and built a simple laboratory in his room. By the time he was in high school, he was experimenting with things which were only taught to college students. After Feynman graduated from high school in 1935, he studied at the MIT. Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were “the best that we've seen”， according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his religion. Finally, he was accepted and continued to study physics at Princeton where he got his PhD. His lectures attracted many great scientists of the time, including Albert Einstein. At Princeton, Feynman began his most famous work: his work on nuclear weapons. He moved to a lab and not all of his work there has been released to the public, but we know he performed experiments related to uranium. After the war, Feynman taught at Cornell University, where he continued his studies. He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics. Then, in 1987, Feynman developed cancer and died a year later. Though Feynman and his work are honored by physicists across the world, his personal qualities and skills are what really makes him unique. Faced with all the challenges, he never gave up, doing work that he loved until the day he died. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一位备受尊敬的科学家Richard Phillips Feynman, 以及他的个人经历和取得的成就。 5．What do we know about Richard Phillips Feynman from the text? A．Young Feynman showed his talent in every field. B．Feynman won the Nobel Prize after the war ended. C．Young Feynman enjoyed managing household a lot. D．Feynman was diagnosed with cancer and died at the age of 60. 答案：B 6 7 5 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中“After the war, Feynman taught at Cornell University, where he continued his studies. He was also awarded the Nobel Prize for his work in particle physics.”可知， Feynman是在战后获得诺贝尔奖的。 6 7 5 8 6．Why was Feynman admitted by Princeton? A．Because his religion. B．Because he graduated from the MIT. C．Because he was very gifted in math and science. D．Because his lecture attracted many great scientists. 答案：C 6 7 5 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were ‘the best that we've seen', according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his religion.”可知， Feynman被普林斯顿大学录取是因为他在科学和数学方面很有天赋。 6 7 5 8 7．Which words can best describe Richard Phillips Feynman? A．Selfless and friendly. B．Talented and stubborn. C．Intelligent and devoted. D．Strong-willed and humorous. 答案：C 6 7 5 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中“But young Feynman showed a talent for math and engineering.”以及第三段中“Despite the fact that his grades in science and math were ‘the best that we've seen', according to Princeton, he was almost rejected due to his very poor grades in writing and his religion.”可知， 他很聪明；结合全文可看出，Feynman从普林斯顿大学读博士到之后工作都致力于研究物理、教授物理。由此可知， Richard Phillips Feynman聪明且专注。 6 7 5 8 8．What may be the best title for the text? A．Richard Phillips Feynman's Unusual Qualities B．Richard Phillips Feynman—A Respected Scientist C．A Touching Story About Richard Phillips Feynman D．The Influence of Richard Phillips Feynman 答案：B 6 7 5 8 解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知， 作者描述了物理学家Feynman的成长过程以及伟大成就， 在最后一段点出Feynman的成就举世瞩目， 被全球物理学家敬重。由此可知， B选项最适合作为文章标题。 6 7 5 8 Ⅴ.阅读七选五 Is Society Too Dependent on Technology? Just think, what would happen if your computer or laptop crashed today? What if someone took away your phone for some days or perhaps you lost it？ 1 Today, most people are becoming dependent on technology. Most of us cannot go for a minute without looking at our phones and the fear of the battery dying is immense (极大的). If you happen to work in offices, you may be familiar with this trend. 2 Anyway, it's true. How can work continue if it's hard to send an email to a colleague or customer? This is common in almost all offices. Kids used to spend a lot of time with each other or parents playing or just sharing stories. Those evening games after school are over; watching cartoons on a Sunday or playing with friends is no longer there. 3 Technology has taken all their time. Society may have gone too far in technology dependence. It has become so immense that doctors have recommended people for “technology detox(脱瘾)”. 4 If not, according to researchers from Oxford University, technology detox is a period during which an individual avoids using any electronic devices including computers and smartphones, as a chance to reduce stress and focus on social interaction in the outside world. Well, the choice remains in our hands. We must agree that society is being carried away by the increased inventions being introduced in our lives today. 5 Meanwhile, we should have the discipline to turn it off when we are supposed to experience life in reality. A．Perhaps you may have heard of it. B．We appreciate technology since it has its benefits. C．If the Internet is down, all the tasks are over for the day. D．Technology addiction has become a major problem among teenagers. E．If thinking about these incidents makes you stressed, you are not alone. F．Here are some signs that our generation depends too much on technology. G．Today, most kids remain indoors playing computer games or with a smartphone. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了现代人对科技的依赖。科技确实重要，但我们也要保持生活的真实性，体验真正的生活。 1．答案：E 解析：空前内容“Just think, what would happen...or perhaps you lost it？”提出了电子产品不能使用的假想情况，空后内容“Today, most people are becoming dependent on technology.”说明人们对科技的依赖。E项(如果想到这些情况的发生会使你焦虑不安，那么并不是你一个人这样)承接上下文，符合文义。E项中not alone对应下文的most people。 2．答案：C 解析：根据空后内容“Anyway, it's true. How can work continue if it's hard to send an email to a colleague or customer？(不管怎样，这是真的。如果很难给同事或客户发送电子邮件，工作如何继续？)”可知，此处应该是提及无法发送电子邮件的原因是没有网络，C项(如果网络断了，这一天所有的任务都结束了)符合语境。 3．答案：G 解析：上文提到过去孩子们常常花很多时间和彼此或父母在一起玩耍或分享故事，而如今放学后的晚间游戏结束了，在周日看动画片或者和朋友们一起玩已经不存在了。此处旨在说明孩子们对科技的依赖，G项(如今，大多数小孩待在室内玩电脑游戏或者玩智能手机)承接上文，符合文义。 4．答案：A 解析：空前句提到“technology detox”，空后内容对该名词进行了解释。故A项(也许你可能听说过它)承接上下文，符合文义。 5．答案：B 解析：根据空前句“We must agree that society is being carried away by the increased inventions being introduced in our lives today.”并结合空后内容可知，此处应该是我们对科技的肯定。B项(我们欣赏科技，因为它有它的好处)符合文义。 $$