U2 Period 1 Reading and Thinking-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第四册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

选择性必修第四册 UNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS 【单元话题词汇】 Period 1　Reading and Thinking—Reading Comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 必备知识 自主探究 课时作业 巩固提升 必备知识 自主探究 Part 1　读前策略 【词汇攻略】 巧记单词 free (adj.免费的；自由的，不受约束的vt.使自由， 解放；释放)＋-dom(表示名词， ……状态或领域)→freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态 例如：wise adj.智慧的→wisdom n．智慧 king n．国王→kingdom n．王国 【读文策略】 Take notes When you read a passage, sometimes it helps to take notes so that you can better remember and understand what you have learnt. When you take notes, it is good to write down the important facts just using key words and ignore many of the small words. You can also use abbreviations, such as “Aus” for “Australia” and “N” for “north”， and use symbols such as “&” for “and”． Part 2　教材原文助读   25 Sep. Next week I'm travelling to Australia to visit a friend there over the school holidays. I plan to keep this blog to record my experiences and what I learn. I have already done some research on the country. Located to the south of① the equator②，below many other countries on the globe，it's often informally referred to as “down under”． located to the south of the equator为过去分词短语作状语。 ①to the south of＋地点 指相邻不接壤 on the south of＋地点 指相邻并且接壤 in the south of＋地点 指在……领域之内的南部 ②equator/I'kweItə(r)/n.赤道   9月25日 下周就是学校假期了，我要去澳大利亚拜访那里的一位朋友。我打算用这个博客来记录我的经历和学到的东西。我已经查阅了一番有关澳大利亚的资料。(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“down under”。 I have also read about some iconic sites③，such as the Sydney Opera House and the Great Ocean Road，and animals like the cute koalas and kangaroos. I can't wait to see④ all of them! However，as I major in⑤ social studies，I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life. as I major in social studies是as引导的原因状语从句。 ③iconic site标志性景点 ④can hardly wait/can't wait to do sth.迫不及待地做某事 ⑤major in 主修 我也读过关于那里的一些标志性景点的信息，比如悉尼歌剧院和大洋路，还有代表性的动物，比如可爱的考拉和袋鼠。我迫不及待地想去看一看！但是由于我的专业是社会研究，所以我更感兴趣的是去接触澳大利亚的人们，体验他们的文化、食物和生活方式。 1 Oct. I'm here in Sydney! Since I arrived，my friend has brought me to my first open-air barbecue⑥ and has also shared many different but yummy meals with me，so my first impressions of Australia have been all about food! A lot of typical Australian food，such as the Sunday roast，is originally British. Bakeries⑦，fast-food joints⑧，butcher⑨ shops，cafes，and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier⑩ food experiences in the world. The influence of Asian cultures，on the other hand，led to the introduction of bean curd and Asian herbs⑪，along with Australian versions of foods like the Chinese-inspired dim sim. ⑥barbecue/'bɑːbIkjuː/n.(abbr.BBQ) 户外烧烤；烤架 ⑦bakery/'beIkəri/n.面包(糕饼)店；面包厂 ⑧joint/dʒɔInt/n.公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节 adj.联合的；共同的 ⑨butcher/'bʊtʃə(r)/n.肉贩；屠夫；刽子手 ⑩premier/'premiə(r)；NAmE prI'mIr/adj.最著名的；第一的；首要的 n．总理；首相 ⑪herb/hɜːb/n.药草；香草；草本 10月1日 我现在在悉尼！自我来这儿之后，我朋友就带我体验了这辈子第一次的露天烧烤，还与我分享了许多风格迥异的美食，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物的！ 许多典型的澳大利亚食物，如周日烤肉，最早源自英国。随处可见的面包店、快餐店、肉铺、咖啡馆和餐馆都能为人们提供世界一流的美食体验。另一方面，受亚洲文化的影响，除了灵感源自中国的点心等澳大利亚版的食物以外，还引入了豆腐和(用于调味的)亚洲药草。 3 Oct. My friend and I have arrived in Katherine，a town in Australia's Northern Territory. We're here to learn about the life and customs of the Aborigines，who are native to⑫ Australia. The Aboriginal population might be small，but its influence is still visible. For example，“Bondi” in “Bondi Beach” is an Aboriginal word meaning “water breaking over rocks”． 句中meaning “water breaking over rocks”是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰an Aboriginal word。 ⑫be native to 原产于…… be a native of... ……的人；生长于……的动物或植物 10月3日 我和朋友来到了凯瑟琳镇，这是澳大利亚北部领地的一个小镇。我们来这里是为了了解澳洲土著居民的生活和风俗习惯。土著人口的数量也许很少，但其影响在今天仍然清晰可见。例如，“邦迪海滩”中的“邦迪”就是一个土著词汇，意思是“海水冲破岩石”。 To survive in this vast land on the ocean，the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature. This shows in their music，too，which celebrates the natural world and the spiritual world around them. Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. 句中found on the ground是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰sticks；among which...是“介词＋which”引导的非限制性定语从句。 　为了在这片四面环海的广阔土地上生存，土著居民不得不与大自然密切联系在一起。这也体现在他们的音乐中，其音乐的主题多为歌颂他们身处的自然世界和精神世界。他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。 The didgeridoo is made from a tree branch which is hollow. To play the didgeridoo，you put your mouth on one end and blow while vibrating⑬ your lips. Unlike a horn，there are no finger holes. The didgeridoo player has to change the shape of his mouth in order to change pitch⑭. A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe. He does this by continually breathing in through his nose while breathing out through his mouth and into the didgeridoo. I tried to learn how to play it，but after trying for hours，I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument! 句中while vibrating是时间状语从句的省略结构。 ⑬vibrate/vaI'breIt/vt. & vi.(使)振动 ⑭pitch /pItʃ/n.音高 迪吉里杜管是用中空的树枝制成的。吹奏迪吉里杜管时，嘴要对着管身的一端，一边吹一边振动嘴唇。和号角不同，迪吉里杜管没有手指孔。演奏者必须通过改变嘴唇的形状来改变音调高低。熟练的演奏者可以长时间不停地演奏而不用停下来换气。他通过不断地用鼻子吸气，再通过迪吉里杜管把气呼出去来做到这一点。我试着去学习吹奏它，但试了几个小时后，我确信我永远也无法用这个乐器演奏出音乐来！ 6 Oct. It's almost time for me to say goodbye to Australia. I've enjoyed my time here very much. After being here for a while，my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation. Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. 句中that make up the nation是that引导的定语从句，修饰the complicated mix of peoples and cultures。 with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants是with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”。 10月6日 我快要离开澳大利亚了。这段时间我过得很开心。在这里待了一段时间后，我印象最深刻的是不同民族和文化的交融构成了这个国家。虽然自1788年以来，这里主要受西方文化影响，但少数族裔文化也对澳大利亚独特文化的形成起到了一定作用，其中许多新的文化影响是由移民带来的。据说，现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么是在海外出生的，要么他们的父母是在海外出生的。 Personally speaking，what I like most about Australia is the people themselves. They have a straightforward⑮ and free-and-easy attitude towards life，and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home⑯ wherever I went. 句中what I like most about Australia是what引导的主语从句。　　 ⑮straightforward /ˌstreIt'fɔːwəd/ adj.坦率的；简单的 ⑯feel at home 感到宾至如归   就我个人而言，我最喜欢的是澳大利亚人本身。他们的生活态度坦率且无拘无束，而他们的友善和温暖让我无论到哪里都感到轻松自在。 After experiencing Australia，I have to say that I agree with the tourism slogan⑰：“There's nothing like Australia.” ⑰slogan/'sləʊɡən/n.标语；口号 体验了澳大利亚的风土人情后，我无比赞同这个旅游口号：“澳大利亚无与伦比。” Part 3　语篇研析 1．Write the blog entry numbers in the blanks.Two are extra. 2　 4　 1 3 2．What is the text mainly about? The text is mainly about the author's travelling to Australia.The author met ___________________ and experienced __________________________________． people in Australia　 their culture, food, and way of life 1．Why does the writer keep these blogs? A．To amuse himself. B．To record his experiences and what he has learned. C．To share with his friends. D．To share with his family. 答案：B 2．What does “down under” mean according to the text? A．Australia.　　　　　　　 B．New Zealand. C．Japan. D．America. 答案：A 3．What can we know about the didgeridoo according to the text? A．It has no finger holes. B．It is an amazing instrument. C．Its player has to change the shape of his mouth to change pitch. D.All of the above. 答案：D 4．What can we infer from the text? A．The writer and his friend ate the Sunday roast. B．The writer visited the Sydney Opera House. C．The writer was able to play the didgeridoo. D．The writer liked the food of Australia most. 答案：A 5．Read paragraphs 1 and 2 carefully and fill in the blanks. Time Topic Key Information 25 Sep. Preparations Geographic location： Located to the (1)___________ of the equator，(2)__________ many other countries Informal name：(3)______________ Some iconic sites： The Sydney Opera House and (4)________________________ Iconic animals： Cute (5)____________ and (6)____________ south below “down under” the Great Ocean Road koalas kangaroos 6.Read paragraph 3 and answer the question. If one wants to have premier food experiences in the world，where can they go in Australia? ______________________________________________________ __________________ Bakeries，fast－food joints，butcher shops，cafes，and restaurants everywhere.　 7．Read paragraphs 4－6 and answer the question. What's the main theme reflected in Aboriginal music and why? The main theme of their music is ___________________________ ___________________ around them.Because to survive in this vast land on the ocean，they had to be _______________with nature. to celebrate the natural world and the spiritual world in close contact 8．Read paragraphs 7－9 carefully and do the following exercises. Tell whether the following statements are true(T) or false(F). (1)The writer will finish travelling in Australia and has had a good time.(　　) (2)The writer's biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and foods.(　　) (3)Australian culture was only shaped by Western cultures.(　　) (4)Many of the new cultural influences are contributed by immigrants.(　　) (5)What the writer likes most about Australia is the beautiful landscape.(　　) T F F T F I arrived in Australia to visit my friend there.Australia，1.____________ (locate) to the south of the equator，is often informally referred to 2._____ “down under”． located as My first 3.____________ (impress) of Australia were all about food！Bakeries，fast－food joints，butcher shops，cafes and restaurants everywhere provide some of the premier food experiences in the world.A lot of typical Australian food is 4.____________ (origin) British.On 5.____________ other hand，Asian cultures also have an influence on it. impressions originally the　 In Katherine，we learned about the life and customs of the Aborigines，who are native to Australia.I learned to play the local instrument—didgeridoo.I put my mouth on one end and blew while 6.____________ (vibrate) my lips but failed.I 7.____________ (convince) that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument. Personally speaking，8.____________ I like most about Australia is the people 9.____________ (they).Their friendliness and 10.____________ (warm) made me feel at home wherever I went. vibrating was convinced what themselves warmth Ⅰ.词块 1．用这个博客来记录我的经历 ___________________________________ 2．体验他们的文化 ____________________________ 3．吸气 _________________ 4．对待生活的态度坦率且无拘无束 ____________________________________________________ 5．让我感觉舒适自在 ____________________________ keep this blog to record my experiences experience their culture breathe in have a straightforward and free－and－easy attitude towards life make me feel at home 6．迫不及待地想见到所有的这一切 ____________________ 7．做一些研究 ____________________ 8．原产于澳大利亚 ____________________ 9．塑造独特的澳大利亚文化 _______________________________________ 10．赞同这个旅游口号____________________________________ can't wait to see all of them do some research be native to Australia shape the unique Australian culture agree with the tourism slogan Ⅱ.分析长难句 1．However，as I major in social studies，I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句。as引导__________从句；第一个and连接两个并列的________________；major in意为“______”。 [自主翻译]　_____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________ 原因状语　 动名词短语　 主修 但是由于我的专业是社会研究，所以我更感兴趣的是去接触澳大利亚的人们，体验他们的文化、食物和生活方式。 2．Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground，among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句。among which 引导________从句，修饰____________；found on the ground是过去分词短语作______，修饰______；called the didgeridoo是过去分词短语作______，修饰___________________。 [自主翻译]　_________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 定语　 instruments　 定语　 sticks　 定语 an amazing instrument　 他们绝大多数的乐器其实就是地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种令人惊叹的、叫作迪吉里杜管的乐器。 3．Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句。 Although引导__________从句；shaping the unique Australian culture是动名词短语作介词in的______；with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants是“________________________”结构，其中contributed by immigrants是过去分词短语作____________。 [自主翻译]　____________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________ 让步状语 宾语 with＋宾语＋宾语补足语 宾语补足语 虽然自1788年以来，这里主要受西方文化影响，但少数族裔文化也对澳大利亚独特文化的形成起到了一定作用，其中许多新的文化影响是由移民带来的。 4．It is said that now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句。it作__________，that引导的主语从句作____________；who引导______从句，修饰先行词________。 [自主翻译]　_____________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 形式主语　 真正的主语 定语　 parents 据说，现在近一半的澳大利亚公民要么是在海外出生的，要么他们的父母是在海外出生的。 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A After Impressionism: Inventing Modern Art 25 March-13 August Rooms 1 to 8 Explore a period of great change when artists broke with established tradition and laid the foundations for the art of the 20th and the 21st centuries. The decades between 1880 and the outbreak of the First World War in 1914 were a complex, energetic period of artistic questioning, searching, risk-taking and innovation. The exhibition celebrates the achievements of three giants of the period: Paul Cézanne, Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin and follows the influences they had on younger generations of French artists and on wider circles of artists across Europe. With over a hundred works by artists ranging from Picasso to Mondrian and a selection of sculptures by artists including Rodin and Camille Claudel, the exhibition follows the creation of a new, modern art, free of convention, taking in Expressionism and Abstraction. The exhibition includes some of the most famous works of art created during these decades. Important loans come to the exhibition from institutions and private collections worldwide. Ticket prices (Free for members) Priority booking open for members. Join today to get early access to tickets, plus enjoy the exhibition in advance on 24 March. Standard admission On sale from 15 February From Monday-Friday：￡24 Saturday and Sunday：￡26 A maximum of six tickets can be booked in the same deal. For larger group bookings please email. We recommend allowing 50-60 minutes for your visit to the exhibition. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了一个现代艺术展览的相关信息。 2 3 1 1．What is the probable theme of the exhibition? A．Convention.　　　　　　 B．Modern Art. C．Western Art. D．Impressionism. 答案：B 解析：细节理解题。根据文章的标题“After Impressionism: Inventing Modern Art (印象派之后：发明现代艺术)”可知，文章的主题是关于现代艺术的， 故选B。 2 3 1 2．How much should a couple pay if they visit the exhibition on weekends without membership? A．￡24. B. ￡48. C．￡52. D. ￡26. 答案：C 2 3 1 解析：细节理解题。根据Standard admission部分中的“Saturday and Sunday：￡26”可知，没有会员资格的一对夫妇在周末参观展览需要支付2×26＝52英镑， 故选C。 2 3 1 3．Where is this text probably taken from? A．A textbook. B．A guidebook. C．A travel journal. D．A research report. 答案：B 2 3 1 解析：文章出处题。根据文章的标题“After Impressionism: Inventing Modern Art(印象派之后：发明现代艺术)”和下文的内容介绍可知，本文是关于现代艺术展览的一些信息， 所以文章可能出自与展览相关的指南或手册， 故选B。 2 3 1 B A new form of real estate (房地产) is appearing along the beaches of South Africa and on the dry islands off its coast—tiny white beach huts.With good ventilation and a sea view, they are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins.Their unique selling point: a safe and cool place for penguins to breed. African penguins, unlike their relatives that live in snow and ice, live well in the cold currents of the South Atlantic Ocean.But when they come to land, their thick black coat absorbs the heat, and they desperately look for cover—both for themselves and their fragile eggs. Historically, the penguins dug burrows in layers of guano (鸟粪) that lined Africa's penguin colonies, but in the 19th century, traders started selling guano as fertilizer, leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to predators and the baking sun.This, combined with other threats such as egg poaching, overfishing and climate change, has caused African penguin populations to plummet．In 2019, they were thought to be less than 20，000 breeding pairs, down from an estimated 1.5 to 3 million birds in 1900.For more than a decade, the species has been listed as endangered by the IUCN. To date, the African Penguin Nest Project has installed more than 1，500 nests across five of South Africa's penguin colonies, and plans to expand into Namibia next year, the only other country with breeding populations of the species. “This is still just a drop in the bucket，” says Graham, who anticipates they will need to deploy at least 4，500 more ceramic homes to protect penguins currently nesting in exposed areas.“The goal is that every penguin that needs a nest will get one.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南非海滩和岛屿上出现的一种新型房地产——小型白色海滩小屋，这些小屋为非洲企鹅提供了一个安全且凉爽的繁殖场所。 4 5 6 7 4．What is the reason for building the beach huts? A．To beautify the beach. B．To conduct research. C．To house the penguins. D．To balance the ecology. 答案：C 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“With good ventilation and a sea view, they are just big enough to fit a family of African penguins.Their unique selling point: a safe and cool place for penguins to breed.”可知，建造海滩小屋的原因是给企鹅提供一个安全且凉爽的住处供企鹅繁殖。 4 5 6 7 5．How many factors have affected the penguin populations according to the text? A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven. 答案：A 4 5 6 7 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“...but in the 19th century, traders started selling guano as fertilizer, leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to predators and the baking sun.This, combined with other threats such as egg poaching, overfishing and climate change, has caused African penguin populations to plummet.”可知，影响企鹅数量的因素有四个：即商人们开始出售鸟粪作为肥料、偷猎蛋、过度捕捞和气候变化。 4 5 6 7 6．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “plummet” in paragraph 3? A．Innovate. B．Increase. C．Swing. D．Decline. 答案：D 4 5 6 7 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词前面的内容“...but in the 19th century, traders started selling guano as fertilizer, leaving the penguins and their eggs increasingly exposed to predators and the baking sun.This, combined with other threats such as egg poaching, overfishing and climate change, has caused African penguin populations to plummet.”可知，商人们开始出售鸟粪作为肥料、偷猎蛋、过度捕捞和气候变化等因素导致企鹅的数量急剧下降。D选项“Decline.(下降)”与画线词为同义词。 4 5 6 7 7．Which column may the text appear in a newspaper? A．Culture. B．Environment. C．Technology. D．Art. 答案：B 4 5 6 7 解析：文章出处题。根据第一段的内容以及通读全文可知，文章介绍了南非海滩和岛屿上出现的一种新型房地产——小型白色海滩小屋，这些小屋为非洲企鹅提供了一个安全且凉爽的繁殖场所。由此推断，文章可能出现在报纸的环境专栏中。 4 5 6 7 $$