U3 Period 4Using Language-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

选择性必修第二册 UNIT 3　FOOD　AND　CULTURE Period 4　Using Language 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 细读文本 落实要素 单元写作 能力提升 细读文本 落实要素 Part 1　教材原文助读 HEALTHY EATING There is much debate nowadays as to① what makes up② a healthy diet.For example，scientists have insisted③ for years that a big enemy of health is fatty food④.However，there is increasing evidence that the real driver⑤ of poor health is not so much fatty food，as it is sugar.Heart disease is the number one killer of Americans. And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories⑥ or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease than people who receive less than 10% a day (Journal of the American Medical Association⑦，2014).This is true regardless of⑧ how healthy the rest of their diet might be. Put more simply，while people continue to argue over⑨ whether or not fatty food is dangerous，we already know that sugar is a killer. 画线部分中的that引导同位语从句，解释说明evidence；as it is是一种语言衔接结构，意为“事实上，实际情况是”，多用来陈述一种原因或状况，尤其是当该原因或状况与预期或需要不相符时。 ①as to关于，至于(后可接从句或“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构) ②make up形成，构成 ③insist vt.& vi.坚持说(后跟that从句时，从句用陈述语气)；坚决要求，坚持(后跟that从句时，从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略) ④fatty food高脂肪食物 fatty adj.富含脂肪的；肥胖的；脂肪的 ⑤driver在此意为“推手”。 drive vt.推动；驱使 ⑥calorie/'kæləri/n.卡路里(热量单位) ⑦association/əˌsəʊʃi'eIʃn/n.[C]协会；[C，U]关联 ⑧regardless of不管；不顾 regardless/rI'ɡɑːdləs/adv.不顾；不加理会 ⑨argue over/about...争辩……，为……争论 健康的饮食 现在关于健康饮食由什么构成有很多争论。比如，科学家多年来一直坚持说健康的一大敌人是高脂肪食物。然而，越来越多的证据表明，不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪类食物，而是糖。心脏病是美国人的头号杀手。在美国，每天从糖分中摄取25%或更高卡路里的人死于心脏病的可能性是日摄取量少于10%的人的两倍(《美国医学会杂志》，2014)。无论他们其他方面的饮食多么健康，都确实如此。更简单地说，当人们还在持续争论高脂肪食物是否危险时，我们已经知道糖才是杀手。 Much of this extra sugar comes from sweets and sweet drinks. The average American gets 1/3 of his or her sugar through sweet drinks alone.The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to⑩ less than 100-150 calories a day from sugar，which is less than what is usually contained in one can⑪ of sweet drink or in a single candy bar. In other words，if you want to be healthy，you have to cut down⑫ on desserts，and cut out⑬ sweet drinks altogether⑭. 画线部分是which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰less than 100-150 calories；定语从句中又包含一个what引导的宾语从句。 ⑩limit...to...将……限制在……范围内 ⑪can n．[熟词生义][C](盛食品或饮料的)金属罐 a can of beans豆罐头 a beer/paint can啤酒罐/漆桶 ⑫cut down削减 ⑬cut out停止做(或使用、食用)；删去；阻挡 ⑭altogether adv.(用以强调)完全，全部；(表示总数或总额)总共，一共 这些额外的糖大多来自甜食和含糖饮料。一个普通美国人仅通过含糖饮料就能摄入1/3的糖。美国心脏协会建议，我们应当将每日从糖中摄取的热量控制在100至150卡路里以内，这些热量还没有一罐含糖饮料或一根糖棒通常所含的热量多。换言之，如果你想健康，你就必须减少甜点的摄入，并且完全不喝含糖饮料。 Beyond this，you can keep healthy by consuming different categories⑮ of fresh foods，especially fruit and vegetables，which are full of vitamins⑯ and fibre⑰，rather than processed foods⑱.Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have higher quantities⑲ of sugar，salt，and fat than fresh ingredients.Besides this，it is also important to have some meat，beans，or dairy products⑳ in your diet，as they provide the necessary protein for strong bones and muscle growth.As with㉑ everything in life，moderation㉒ is key.The ideal㉓ diet is a balanced one，without too much or too little of any one thing. ⑮category/'kætəɡəri/n.[C]类别；种类 ⑯vitamin/'vItəmIn；NAmE 'vaIt-/n.[C]维生素 ⑰fibre (especially US fiber)/'faIbə(r)/n.[U]纤维；[C，U]纤维制品 ⑱processed foods加工食品 processed adj.(食品)经加工的，加工过的 process vt.加工；处理n.[C]过程；进程 ⑲quantity/'kwɒntəti/n.[C，U]数量；数额 ⑳dairy products/produce乳制品；奶类产品 dairy/'deəri/adj.奶制的；乳品(业)的n.[C]乳品店；牛奶厂；[U]乳制品 ㉑as with...和……一样；正如 ►As with his earlier movies，the special effects in his latest film are brilliant.和他以前的电影一样，他最新影片中的特技效果也非常精彩。 ㉒moderation/ˌmɒdə'reIʃn/n.[U]适度；合理 ㉓ideal/aI'diːəl/adj.完美的；理想的；想象的n.[C]理想；[C，usually sing.]完美的人(或事物) 除此之外，你可以通过食用不同种类的新鲜食物来保持健康，尤其是富含维生素和纤维的水果和蔬菜，而非加工食品。相比新鲜食材，加工食品通常营养成分较低，其糖分、盐分和脂肪含量更高。此外，在你的饮食中加入一些肉类、豆类或乳制品也很重要，因为它们提供了强健骨骼和肌肉生长所必需的蛋白质。和生活中的每件事一样，适度是关键。理想的饮食是均衡的，任何一种东西都不要吃得太多或太少。 Finally，a fundamental㉔ key to healthy eating is to eat slowly.It takes about twenty minutes from the time you start eating for your brain to tell your body that you are full. What this means is that people who chew㉕ too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.Eating slowly also allows your body to digest㉖ your food better，and will allow you to enjoy your food more. In addition，studies show that consistent㉗ eating habits，for example，taking three meals a day at the same time each day，are better for our health. It is also better to eat a modest㉘ amount of food each time，rather than to eat a lot in one meal，and then a little in the next. 画线部分属于“It takes/took some time for sb./sth.to do...”句型，意为“做……花费某人/某物多长时间”；you start eating为省略了关系词 when的定语从句，修饰先行词the time。 本句中what引导主语从句，what在从句中作宾语；that people...feel hungry是that引导的表语从句，表语从句中又包含一个who引导的定语从句和because引导的原因状语从句。 ㉔fundamental/ˌfʌndə'mentl/adj.根本的；基础的；基本的 n．[usually pl.]基本规律；根本法则 ㉕chew/tʃuː/vi.& vt.咀嚼；嚼碎n.[C]咀嚼 ㉖digest vt.& vi.消化 ㉗consistent/kən'sIstənt/adj.一致的；连续的 ㉘modest/'mɒdIst/adj.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 最后，健康饮食的一个根本要点是细嚼慢咽。从你开始吃东西的那一刻起，你的大脑需要大约20分钟来告诉身体你吃饱了。这意味着，咀嚼太快的人最终会吃太多的食物，因为他们仍然感到饥饿。细嚼慢咽也能让你的身体更好地消化食物，让你更享受食物。另外，研究表明，始终如一的饮食习惯，例如，每天在相同的时间吃三餐，对我们的健康更有益。而且每餐最好都吃适量的食物，而不是一顿饭吃很多，而下一顿饭只吃一点。 There is no one trick㉙ to healthy eating. Rather，healthy eating starts with having a healthy attitude towards food. One question you can ask yourself is，“Do I eat to live，or live to eat？” If you are using food mostly for nutrition，then you are on the right track㉚ with your diet. However，if food has become the centre of your life，you might be on the road to bad health. It is up to you to㉛ decide how you want to live，and to make the right decisions about your diet. ㉙trick/trIk/n.[C]诀窍；计谋；把戏 ㉚be on the right/wrong track表示思路或行为方式正确/不正确 ►The result of the experiment seems to suggest we're on the right track.实验结果似乎表明我们的做法是对的。 ㉛It is up to you to do...由你来决定做…… 健康饮食没有诀窍。更确切地讲，健康饮食始于对食物的健康态度。你可以问自己一个问题：“我是为了生存而吃，还是为了吃而生存？”如果你吃饭主要是为了汲取营养，那么你已经在饮食方面走对了路子。然而，如果食物已成为你生活的中心，你就可能会走上健康不良的道路。这取决于你决定如何生活，并对你的饮食做出正确的决定。 Part 2　语篇研析 Activity 1　细节把握 1．What is the main cause of ill health? A．Taking too much sugar. B．Eating too much fat. C．Having too many calories. D．Taking less exercise. 答案：A 2．In which way do people mainly take in extra sugar? A．By eating extra desserts. B．By overeating each meal. C．Through vegetables and sweets. D．Through sweets and sweet drinks. 答案：D 3．What is an ideal diet? A．One without fat. B．One that is balanced. C．One without sugar. D．One with vegetables. 答案：B 4．What is mainly talked about in paragraph 4? A．What to eat to be fit. B．When to eat each meal. C．How to eat healthily. D．Why to eat quickly. 答案：C 5．What is the writer's attitude to eating? A．Eat to live.　　　　　 B．Live to eat. C．Eat for fun. D．Eat to enjoy. 答案：A Activity 2　文章架构 1．Read the text quickly and then fill in the blanks. desserts drinks fresh moderation slowly eating modest healthy 2．According to the structure of the text，when we write an essay about a healthy diet，we can learn to use the following outline.(写作模板) Activity 3　增分靓句 1．Read the text carefully and find the sentence introducing the topic to be discussed. ________________________________________________________ There is much debate nowadays as to what makes up a healthy diet. 2．Read the text carefully and find the linking words introducing another way of saying what was already mentioned in the previous sentence. ________________________________________________________ 3．Read the text carefully and find the linking words which show that contrasting ideas are being introduced. ________________________________________________________ put more simply, in other words, what this means is that however, while, rather than, rather 单元写作 能力提升 Part 1　单元写作任务：写一篇关于健康饮食的文章   　写此类文章要求学生要积累有关健康饮食的知识，深化对“健康饮食”这一主题的理解，并反思自己的饮食习惯。 基本结构： 第一部分：指出不良健康问题或提出关于健康饮食的观点； 第二部分：列举建议，并给出理由； 第三部分：总结或者发出倡议。 [常用表达] 首段常用的句型： 1．Healthy eating habits are very important for our health. 健康的饮食习惯对我们的健康很重要。 2．We should develop healthy eating habits. 我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。 3．The doctor advises that we should have a balanced diet and get into the good habit of getting up early. 医生建议我们要均衡饮食并养成早起的习惯。 主体段提出建议时常用的句型： 1．We must admit the fact that eating junk food is harmful to our health. 我们必须承认吃垃圾食品有害健康。 2．The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre，which does great harm to their health. 大多数人摄入的脂肪太多，而纤维不足，这对他们的健康有很大的危害。 3．A healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods rich in vitamins，fibre and mineral，and low in fat and calories. 健康饮食包括饮食多样化，吃富含维生素、纤维和矿物质而脂肪和卡路里含量低的食物。 4．There is no denying that exercising regularly and keeping a balanced diet are of great benefit to our health. 不可否认的是，经常锻炼和保持均衡的饮食对健康非常有益。 5．We should also eat less meat every day and we had better drink a glass of milk in the morning or at night. 我们每天还应该少吃肉，最好每天早上或晚上喝一杯牛奶。 6．Besides, we should focus on a balanced diet, which ensures us the necessary nutrition. 此外，我们应该注意饮食均衡，这能保证我们必需的营养。 7．We need to eat breakfast, lunch as well as dinner every day.我们每天需要吃早餐、午餐和晚餐。 结尾段常用的句型： 1．From my point of view, in order to build healthy eating habits, we should eat more vegetables and less meat and sugar.依我看来，为了建立健康的饮食习惯，我们应该多吃蔬菜，少吃肉和糖。 2．A healthy diet can help support the immune system, helping the body fight off infections and illnesses.健康的饮食可以帮助支持免疫系统，帮助身体抵抗感染和疾病。 3．Overall, healthy eating habits are important for maintaining good health and preventing chronic diseases, leading to a longer, happier, and healthier life.总的来说，健康的饮食习惯对保持身体健康和预防慢性疾病很重要，从而使我们活得更长久、更快乐、更健康。 4．In my opinion，we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body.在我看来，我们应当努力养成健康的饮食习惯来增强我们的体质。 假定你是李华，你的英国好友David发来邮件，说他最近十分担忧自己的身体状况并询问如何保持健康。请你给他回一封信，内容包括： 1．表达关心； 2．给出建议：健康的饮食(包括健康饮食的重要性以及什么是健康饮食)；充足的睡眠；适当的锻炼等。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 [审题谋篇] 第一步　明确要求 该写作属于应用文类的建议信，故要用第一人称来写；主题是关于健康状况，需要给对方提出下一步的意见或建议时，需用一般将来时；同时兼顾书信的特点，选用合适的表达愿望的情态动词。 第二步　确定段落 本篇作文可以从以下几个方面入手： Para.1　首先要陈述自己的关心； Para.2　指出问题产生的原因，并提出建议； Para.3　表达自己的希望与祝福。 第三步　提炼要点 1．_________________________________和你分享我关于……的观点 2．________________ 对……至关重要 3．_________________________支持免疫系统 4．_____________________________抵抗感染和疾病 5．________________获得精力 share my opinions about...with you be critical to support the immune system fight off infections and illnesses gain energy 第四步　句式升级 1．I'm sorry to hear that you have been worrying about your health recently.(普通表达) →____________________________________________________， I feel sorry.(现在分词作状语；高级表达) Hearing that you have been worrying about your health recently 2．It is critical to have a healthy diet. A healthy diet can help support the immune system and help the body fight off infections and illnesses.(普通表达) →______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ (运用which引导非限制性定语从句和现在分词作状语合为一个句子；高级表达) It is critical to have a healthy diet, which can help support the immune system, helping the body fight off infections and illnesses. 3．Enough sleep is of equal importance. It will allow our body to readjust and gain energy for the next day.(普通表达) →________________________________________________________________________________________________(运用because引导的原因状语从句；高级表达) Enough sleep is of equal importance, because it will allow our body to readjust and gain energy for the next day. 4．When we have adequate sleep we can get fully refreshed.(普通表达) ____________________________________________________(用only when引导状语从句改写；高级表达) Only when we have adequate sleep can we get fully refreshed. [参考范文] Dear David， Hearing that you have been worrying about your health recently, I feel sorry. I would like to share my opinions about how to keep healthy with you. Firstly, it is critical to have a healthy diet, which can help support the immune system, helping the body fight off infections and illnesses. Besides, enough sleep is of equal importance, because it will allow our body to readjust and gain energy for the next day. Only when we have adequate sleep can we get fully refreshed. In addition, proper exercise is supposed to be done. Taking exercise will build up our strength and get us relaxed. I sincerely hope my advice will be helpful to you. Yours， Li Hua [评分判断] 1．Does the writer use details to support each point? 2．Does the writer use proper linking words to tie the essay together? 3．Does the writer use vivid words to add stress to his or her points? 假定你是班长，你所在班级中的一些学生有不良的饮食习惯，请你在下午的班会上发表演讲，号召同学们养成健康的饮食习惯。内容包括： 1．简述不良饮食现象及健康饮食的重要性； 2．给出养成健康饮食习惯的建议。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Dear classmates， Good afternoon！I feel honored to deliver a speech here.As we all know，bad eating habits are still very common among us students.For example，some students often skip breakfast to go to school；others like to have snacks or eat and drink too much.In my view，all these bad habits will surely do harm to our health.So it's very important for us to form healthy eating habits. To begin with，if we want to keep healthy，we have to cut down on snacks.Besides，we should keep a balanced diet by consuming different categories of fresh foods，especially fruit and vegetables，which are full of vitamins and fibre.Finally，the ideal diet is to have a meal regularly each day and have a modest amount of food each time，which is of great benefit to our health. To sum up，we should try to develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. That's all.Thank you! Part 2　读后续写日积月累 课文经典挖掘品鉴(读后续写之情感描写、主题升华句) 1．Americans are not afraid to try new foods. 2．Tired, hungry, and not knowing a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so... 3．We had the pleasure of experiencing an entirely new taste: Sichuan peppercorns. 4．The food was wonderful and different，but what was even more important was the friendship offered us. 5．Through food, Chinese people everywhere show friendship and kindness. $$