U1 单元基础知识回顾-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

选择性必修第二册 UNIT 1　SCIENCE　AND　SCIENTISTS 单元基础知识回顾 【限时：30分钟】 Ⅰ.语境识词——写出下列词汇在句中的词性和词义 1．severe [sI'vIə(r)] (1)Severe weather conditions caused great trouble to people. ________________ (2)Anyone breaking the law will be severely punished. ________________ adj.极为恶劣的 adv.严厉地 2．infection [In'fekʃn] (1)Air，water，clothing and insects are all means of infection. ________________ (2)The severe injuries will soon become infected.________________ (3)That educator was infected with terrible bacteria and soon died.________________ n.传染 adj.感染的 vt.被/使感染 3．multiple ['mʌltIpl] (1)The director won multiple awards for the movie. ________________ (2)10 is a multiple of 5.________________ 4．household ['haʊshəʊld] (1)Most households now have a car.________________ (2)My household expenses are very high.___________________ adj.多个，许多 n.倍数 n.家庭 adj.家庭的，家用的 5．handle ['hændl] (1)He refused to allow his secretary to handle secret documents. ________________ (2)The label on the box said: “Fragile.Handle with care.” ________________ (3)Press the button and you can easily handle the machine. ________________ (4)You should grasp the handle of the knife tightly when using it. ________________ vt.处理 vt.搬运，触 vt.操纵 n.把手，柄 6．raw [rɔː] (1)Don't eat that raw vegetable；some germs may attach it. ___________________ (2)We import raw materials and export the finished products. ________________ adj.生的，未煮的 adj.未加工的 7．substantial [səb'stænʃl] (1)He paid a substantial amount of money for the painting. ________________ (2)The document is substantial for people present at the meeting. _________________________ adj.大量的 adj.价值巨大的，重大的 8．cell [sel] (1)Red blood cells and white blood cells are necessary for the body. ________________ (2)He spent a night in a cell at the local police station. ________________ (3)Call me on my cell if you're late for the meeting. ________________ n.细胞 n.单间牢房 n.手机 9．finding ['faIndIŋ] (1)The findings of the committee will be published tomorrow. ________________ (2)The judge announced the finding in the court.________________ n.调查结果 n.(法律)判决 10．solid ['sɒlId] (1)The drama course gives students a solid grounding in the basic techniques of acting.____________________ (2)The house was built on a solid foundation.___________________ (3)He is a solid person.________________ (4)Iron and rock are solids.________________ adj.过硬的；扎实的 adj.坚固的，稳固的 adj.可靠的 n.固体 11．cast [kɑːst] (1)The fisherman cast his line into the water.________________ (2)The waitress cast a welcoming smile when customers came in. ____________________ (3)The flames cast dancing shadows on/over the walls. ________________ vt.投掷 vt.向……投以(笑容) vt.投射 12．pour [pɔː(r)] (1)Pour the oil into a frying pan and heat.___________________ (2)Blood was pouring from his nose.________________ (3)It's pouring rain outside，so you'd better stay here for a while. _________________ (4)Offers of help poured in from all over the country. ________________ vt.倾倒，注，灌 vi.大量涌出 vt. (雨)倾盆而下 vi.(人/物)涌入 13．concrete ['kɒŋkriːt] (1)Our house is made of concrete.________________ (2)The word “apple” is concrete while the word “love” is abstract. ________________ 14．mechanic [mə'kænIk] (1)He worked in a garage as a mechanic._______________________ (2)He is a mechanical engineer.________________ n.混凝土 adj.具体的 n.机械师，机械修理工 adj.精通机械的 15．abstract ['æbstrækt] (1)We may talk of beautiful things，but beauty itself is abstract. ________________ (2)He read through the papers and made an abstract of their contents. ________________ adj.抽象的 n.摘要 16．astronomer [ə'strɒnəmə(r)] (1)He wished to be an astronomer when he was a child. ________________ (2)Astronomy is the scientific study of the sun，moon，and stars and other heaven bodies.________________ (3)Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut to be sent into space. ________________ n.天文学家 n.天文学 n.航天员 17．brilliant ['brIliənt] (1)He is a brilliant student，who can always get good ranks. ________________ (2)I have a brilliant idea—we can find the map at first. __________________ (3)She is wearing a brilliant diamond necklace.__________________ adj.聪颖的 adj.绝妙的，好的 adj.明亮的，闪亮的 18．fault [fɔːlt] (1)In my opinion，both of the drivers were at fault.___________ (2)With all his faults，he was still a good teacher who was devoted to his work.________________ n.过错 n.缺点 19．shift [ʃIft] (1)He shifted the furniture into his new office.________________ (2)His opinion has shifted in the past several years. ________________ (3)There was a shift in the wind.________________ (4)He works night shifts.________________ vt.挪动，转移 vi.改变，转变 n.转向 n.轮班 20．vivid ['vIvId] (1)The word is added to give more vivid description. ________________ (2)She was wearing a vivid pink shirt._________________________ (3)My daughter is a child with vivid imagination.________________ adj.生动的 adj.(颜色)鲜艳的，明亮的 adj.丰富的 Ⅱ.语境用词——根据语境填写适当内容 1．subscribe to 写出下列句子中subscribe to的含义 (1)Several companies subscribed generously to the volleyball club. ____________ (2)Which journals does the library subscribe to？____________ (3)All of us subscribe to the view that a good parent-children relationship is based on mutual understanding and respect. ________________________________ 定期捐款 订阅 赞同，支持(观点、理论等) 2．suspect (1)The police suspect him ____________ occupying the house illegally. (2)The police couldn't prove the _____________(suspect) guilt. (3)[一句多译] 怀疑儿子说谎的这位父亲决定惩罚他的儿子。 ①The father _______________________________ decided to punish his son. ②The father ____________________________________ decided to punish his son. of suspect's who suspected his son of telling lies who suspected that his son told lies 3．blame She blamed her husband ____________ the failure of their marriage. ＝She blamed the failure of their marriage ____________ her husband. [佳句诵读]It's not you but your partner who was to blame for the failure to finish the assigned project. for on 4．decrease (1) These statistics suggest that the number of rare animals is ____________ the decrease. (2) The number of the students reading classics in our school has decreased ____________ 30%. on by 5．defend (1) She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands，as if ____________ defence. (2)All the police officers were equipped with shields to defend themselves ____________ the rioters. [佳句诵读]It is the nature of a mother to do all she can to defend her child from harm. in against Ⅲ.完成句子 1．他太兴奋了以至于无法入睡。(so...that...; 倒装句) ________________ that he couldn't go to sleep. 2．直到那时，我才意识到没有人比我更幸福了。(not until；强调句；否定词＋比较级) ________________________ I came to realize that ____________________________． So excited was he It was not until then that nobody was happier than I was 3．我们开始帮忙摘桃子，然后让人把它们送到农民的家里。(have＋宾语＋宾语补足语) We began to help pick peaches and then ________________________ the farmers' houses. 4．因为被灌木丛中的蛇咬到，苏珊被送回到了露营地。(过去分词作状语) ______________________________，Susan was sent back to the camp. had them delivered to Bitten by the snake in the bush Ⅳ.单元语法 1．What impressed me was ____________ the factory had very strict rules. 2．My question is ____________ we will travel and ____________ we will get there. 3．We didn't set out; it was ____________ we wanted to wait until our mother came back. that where how because $$