U1 Period 2 Reading and Thinking-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

必修第三册 UNIT 1　FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS Period 2　Reading and Thinking—Reading Comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　读前策略 【词汇攻略】 ①decorate vt.装饰；装潢＋-ion→decoration n．装饰品；装潢 如：investigate v．调查；研究→investigation n．调查；科学研究 ②significant adj.有重大意义的；显著的＋-ce→significance n．意义；重要性 如：important adj.重要的→importance n．重要性 different adj.不同的→difference n．不同 confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidence n．信心；信任 【读文策略】 Identify the main idea of a paragraph Identifying the main ideas of paragraphs is necessary when analysing a text.Most paragraphs will have a “topic sentence” that tells you the paragraph's main idea.It is often the first sentence，but sometimes it is found elsewhere in the paragraph. Part 2　教材原文助读   WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS? Festivals are celebrated all around the world.They have a wide range① of origins②，such as the seasons of the year，religions③，famous figures④， and important events.Every festival has its different customs and unique⑤ charms⑥. However，no matter how different they may seem, all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy⑦，gratitude⑧，love，or peace is common in all festivals. 该句是主从复合句。no matter how引导让步状语从句，no matter how different they may seem可以转化为however different they may seem；在主句中the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace作主语，all over the world作地点状语。 ①range/reIndʒ/n.一系列；范围、界限vi.包括；(在一定范围内)变化 a wide range of各种各样的 ②origin/'ɒrIdʒIn/n.[C，U]起源；起因；出身 original adj.最初的；原创的；原作的 ③religion/rI'lIdʒən/n.[C]宗教；[U]宗教信仰 religious/rI'lIdʒəs/adj.宗教的；笃信宗教的 ④figure/'fIɡə(r)/n.人物；数字；身材vt.认为；认定 ⑤unique adj.唯一的，独一无二的 ⑥charm/tʃɑːm/n.[U]魅力；[C]迷人的特征；咒语 ⑦joy/dʒɔI/n.[U]高兴；喜悦；[C]令人高兴的人(或事)；乐趣 joyful/'dʒɔIfl/adj.高兴的；快乐的 ⑧gratitude/'ɡrætItjuːd/n.[U]感激之情；感谢(常与for连用) 我们为何庆祝节日？ 世界各地都庆祝节日。它们有着各种各样的起源，如一年四季、宗教、著名人物和重要事件。每一个节日都有其不同的习俗和独特的魅力。然而，无论它们看起来多么不同，世界各地分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神在所有的节日中都是一样的。 Of all the traditional festivals，the harvest⑨ festival can be found in almost every culture.This important agricultural⑩ festival takes place after all the crops⑪ have been gathered⑫ in.People celebrate to show that they are grateful⑬ for the year's supply of food.In ancient Egypt，the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime—the Egyptian harvest season.It featured⑭ a parade⑮ and a great feast⑯ with music，dancing，and sports. Today，in some European countries，people decorate⑰churches⑱ and town halls⑲ with flowers and fruit，and get together to celebrate over⑳ a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China，families gather to admire㉑ the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes. ⑨harvest/'hɑːvIst/n.[C]收成；[C，U]收获；收获季节vt. & vi.收割(庄稼)；捕猎(动物、鱼) ⑩agricultural/ˌæɡrI'kʌltʃərəl/adj.农业(劳动/生产) agriculture/'æɡrIkʌltʃə(r)/n.[U]农业；农艺 ⑪crop/krɒp/n.[C]庄稼；作物；一季的收成 ⑫gather/'ɡæðə(r)/vt.收割；聚集；搜集vi.聚集；集合 gather (in) crops收割庄稼 ⑬grateful/'ɡreItfl/adj.感激的；表示感谢的 ⑭feature/'fiːtʃə(r)/vt.以……为特色n.[C]特色；特征；特点 ⑮parade n．[C]游行；[C，U]阅兵；检阅 a military parade军事检阅 the National Day parade国庆阅兵 ⑯feast n．[C]盛宴，宴会 a wedding feast婚筵 ⑰decorate/'dekəreIt/vt.装饰；装潢 ⑱church/tʃɜːtʃ/n.[C](基督教的)教堂；礼拜堂 ⑲a town hall市政厅 a lecture hall演讲厅 a concert hall音乐厅 an exhibition hall展厅 ⑳over prep.在……期间 ㉑admire vt.欣赏；赞赏；钦佩，仰慕 admire the moon赏月 在所有的传统节日中，丰收节几乎存在于所有文化之中。这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。人们通过庆祝来表达对这一年食物供给的感激之情。在古埃及，丰收节在春天庆祝——春天是埃及收获的季节。节日以游行和盛大的宴会为特色，人们载歌载舞，运动竞技。如今，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政厅，聚在一起共享盛宴，以庆祝节日。在中国中秋节期间，家庭成员团聚在一起，共赏明月，品尝美味的月饼。 Customs play a significant㉒ role in festivals，but sometimes they can change over time.With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas，some traditions may fade away㉓ and others may be established㉔. One example is the typical㉕ Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers㉖ to drive away㉗ the evil㉘ spirits and celebrate the new year.Nowadays，many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution.Another example is Halloween，which slowly became an exciting festival for children，in spite of㉙ its religious origins. 画线部分为which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Halloween；关系代词which在定语从句中作主语。 ㉒significant/sIɡ'nIfIkənt/adj.有重大意义的；显著的 significance n．[U]意义，重要性 ㉓fade away逐渐消失；(身体)变得虚弱 fade/feId/vi. & vt.逐渐消失；(使)褪色；(身体)变得虚弱 ㉔establish v．建立，创立；确立 ㉕typical/'tIpIkl/adj.典型的；有代表性的；平常的 ㉖firecracker/'faIəˌkrækə(r)/n.[C]鞭炮；爆竹 ㉗drive away驱赶 ㉘evil/'iːvl/adj.邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的n.[U]邪恶；罪恶；罪行 ㉙in spite/spaIt/of不管；尽管(介词短语，后接名词或v.-ing短语) 习俗在节日中扮演着一个重要的角色，但有时它们会随时间而改变。随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播，一些传统可能会消失，另一些(新的传统)可能会形成。中国春节的代表性习俗燃放鞭炮就是一个例子。燃放鞭炮是为了驱赶邪灵、庆祝新年。如今，为了防止空气污染，许多大城市已经放弃了这一习俗。另一个例子是万圣节，虽然它有着宗教渊源，但已经逐步发展成一个令孩子们兴奋的节日。 Festivals are becoming more and more commercial㉚，with businesses taking advantage of㉛ the celebrations.Online shopping websites㉜ and social media㉝ apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised，others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. 画线部分属于“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，在句中作伴随状语，宾语为businesses，现在分词短语taking advantage of the celebrations为宾语补足语。 本句中it为形式宾语，不定式短语to spend more on gifts for their loved ones为真正的宾语，much easier为宾语补足语。 ㉚commercial/kə'mɜːʃl/adj.商业(化)的；以获利为目的的 commercialise/commercialize/ kə'mɜːʃəlaIz/vt.使商业化；利用……牟利 commercialisation/commercialization/ kəˌmɜːʃəlaI'zeIʃn/n.商业化 ㉛take advantage of利用；欺骗；占……的便宜 ㉜online shopping websites在线购物网站 ㉝medium/'miːdiəm/n.(pl.media /'miːdiə/)媒介；手段；方法adj.中等的；中号的 the media大众传播媒介 social media apps社交媒体应用软件 随着商家利用庆祝活动，节日变得越来越商业化。在线购物网站和社交媒体应用软件极大地方便了人们为他们所爱的人花更多钱购买礼物。尽管一些人认为节日不应该被商业化，但其他人认为增加消费有益于经济和公众幸福。 Festivals are an important part of society.They reflect㉞ people's wishes，beliefs㉟，faiths㊱，and attitudes㊲ towards life.They are occasions㊳ that allow us to relax and enjoy life，and forget about our work for a little while.They help us understand where we came from，who we are，and what to appreciate㊴.And if you study festivals carefully，you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common㊵ after all. 画线部分为关系代词that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词occasions，that在从句中作主语。 画线部分属于“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构，在句中作understand的宾语。 不定式短语to find that...after all作原因状语，that引导的宾语从句作find的宾语。 ㉞reflect/rI'flekt/vt.显示；反映；反射 ㉟belief/bI'liːf/n.信仰；信心；信任 ㊱faith/feIθ/n.宗教信仰；信任；相信 ㊲attitude n．[C]态度，看法(常与towards或to连用) ㊳occasion/ə'keIʒn/n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典)；(适当的)机会 ㊴appreciate vt.感激 ㊵have sth.in common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同；有相同的特征 节日是社会的一个重要组成部分。它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、宗教信仰和对生活的态度。它们是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘记工作的日子。它们帮助我们了解我们从哪里来，我们是谁，以及我们应该感恩什么。如果你仔细研究节日，你可能会惊讶地发现不同的文化其实有很多共同点。 Part 3　语篇研析 1．What's the main idea of the text? A．It's mainly about different customs in different countries. B．It is mainly about many different festivals in the world. C．It is mainly about the reasons why people celebrate festivals and some changing festival customs with time going by. D．It's mainly about many activities during festivals all over the world. 答案：C 2．Read the text and match each paragraph with its main idea. Para.1　A．The harvest festival. Para.2 B．The role of festivals. Para.3　C．A general introduction to festivals. Para.4　D．The changing customs of some festivals. Para.5　E．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial. 答案：Para.1 C　Para.2 A　Para.3 D　Para.4 E Para.5 B 1．According to the text，the spirit of sharing is common in all festivals. A．joy，gratitude or religions B．love，peace or figures C．gratitude，peace or joy D．gratitude，seasons or love C 2．Which statement is TRUE about the harvest festival in the world? A．Every culture in the world has the harvest festival. B．It falls after all the crops have been gathered in. C．It is celebrated in all countries during the springtime. D．People admire the shining moon during the festival. 答案：B 3．Festivals are becoming more and more commercial because ． A．the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness B．more and more people spend more money on gifts for their loved ones C．online shopping websites and social media apps have been used D．businesses have taken advantage of the celebrations D 4．The last paragraph mainly tells us that ． A．different cultures actually have a lot in common B．festivals play an important role in society C．festivals allow us to relax and enjoy life D．festivals reflect people's wishes，beliefs and faiths B 5．What are the different origins of different festivals? ____________________________________________________________________ 6．What are the different attitudes to the change that festivals are becoming commercial? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The seasons of the year, religions, famous figures and important events. Some believe festivals should not be commercialized but others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness. Festivals around the world have different origins.However，they have a lot 1.______ common in the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love or peace.Every culture may have the harvest festival 2.__________ takes place after all the crops 3.__________________ (gather) in.People from different countries celebrate it to show their gratitude 4.________ the year's supply of food in different ways.With the 5.____________ (develop) of modern society，customs which play a 6.____________ (significance) role in festivals have been in that/which have been gathered for development significant changing in spite of their origins nowadays.Some festivals 7.________________ (become) more and more 8.____________ (commerce)，with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.9.____________ (be) an important part of society，festivals reflect people's wishes，beliefs，10.____________ (faith)，and attitudes towards life. are becoming commercial Being faiths Ⅰ.词块 1．观赏明月，品尝美味的月饼 ________________________________________________ 2．随着现代社会的发展_________________________________ 3．庆祝新年________________________ 4．变得越来越商业化____________________________________ 5．独特的魅力________________ admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes with the development of modern society celebrate the new year become more and more commercial unique charms 6．聚在一起________________ 7．在节日中扮演着一个重要的角色 ____________________________________ 8．燃放鞭炮________________ 9．虽然它有着宗教渊源________________________________ 10．有益于(提高)经济__________________________ get together play a significant role in festivals light firecrackers in spite of its religious origins be good for the economy Ⅱ.分析长难句 1．However，no matter how different they may seem，all over the world，the spirit of sharing joy，gratitude，love，or peace is common in all festivals. [句式分析]　此句是________句，however 表示________关系，意思是“________”，no matter how相当于____________，意思是“____________”，引导____________从句。 复合 转折 然而 however 无论…… 让步状语 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 然而，无论它们看起来多么不同，世界各地分享快乐、感恩、爱或和平的精神在所有的节日中都是一样的。 2．Another example is Halloween，which slowly became an exciting festival for children，in spite of its religious origins. [句式分析]　此句是________句，which为____________，引导____________从句，在从句中作________；in spite of为________短语，意思是“________________”。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 复合 关系代词 非限制性定语 主语 介词 尽管，不管，不顾 另一个例子是万圣节，虽然它有着宗教渊源，但已经逐步发展成一个令孩子们兴奋的节日。 3．Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. [句式分析]　online shopping websites and social media apps是本句的________；it是__________，代替的是to spend more on gifts for their loved ones，much easier为________________。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 主语 形式宾语 宾语补足语 在线购物网站和社交媒体应用软件极大地方便了人们为他们所爱的人花更多钱购买礼物。 4．And if you study festivals carefully，you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all. [句式分析]　if you study festivals carefully是____________从句；that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all是________从句。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 条件状语 宾语 如果你仔细研究节日，你可能会惊讶地发现不同的文化其实有很多共同点。 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A When the winds begin to rise over Bali Island, the sky will be decorated with colors that announce the arrival of kite season. It's a summer activity that brings back joyful memories of childhood to Balinese photographer Putu Sayoga.As a young boy, he'd watch elder kids pull kites through rice fields near his village after harvest season.When the winds didn't come, the boys would whistle loudly, acting out stories of Rare Angon, the name of a character in a Balinese epic story respected by kite flyers.According to the legend, his magical flute(长笛) beckoned (召唤) the winds.Kites that dance in those sudden strong winds are said to help farmers keep harmful insects away from their harvests. In the early 1970s, foreign visitors began flooding into Bali's white sand beaches and in 1978 the island launched an annual kite festival that quickly grew into a large competition.Three styles of kite take flight at the festival: the long-tailed bird; the fish, perhaps the most popular; and the leaf, considered the toughest to fly because of earlier preparation. An accident put off the kite festival in Bali Island.But in the absence of tourists, Sayoga rediscovered the beauty of kite flying without earlier preparation.One day, Sayoga spotted a colorful gathering overhead.Down a small side road, he found an informal festival.The police had forced the kite flyers to leave the beach, so they had to remove to a rice field.Sayoga asked if he could film it and they agreed—so long as he focused his camera on the kites and not their faces. Later, the official kite festival returned to Bali's beaches, but informal festivals, like the one Sayoga photographed, have also stuck around again.For Sayoga, who had long avoided the overcrowded festivals, these gatherings have helped him rediscover the entertainment he loved as a child.Now when he goes to see the kites fly, he may intentionally (故意地) leave his camera at home. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章从岛上摄影师萨约加的角度回忆了放风筝的乐趣和传说，介绍了巴厘岛上放风筝的悠久传统，而这一传统也逐渐发展成了一个节日。 2 3 1 4 1．Why do people fly kites in Bali's legend? A．To protect crops from harmful insects. B．To celebrate Balinese harvests. C．To act out stories of Rare Angon. D．To leave good memories to children. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Kites that dance in those sudden strong winds are said to help farmers keep harmful insects away from their harvests.”可知，在巴厘岛的传说中，人们放风筝是为了保护庄稼免受害虫的侵害。 2 3 1 4 2．What can we know about flying kites in the text? A．Foreign tourists flood into Bali for the kite festival. B．The competition is based on three styles of kites. C．The accident did not reduce people's love for flying kites. D．The police in Bali had the right to stop people flying kites. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，热爱放风筝的人即使遇到警察的阻止不能在沙滩上放风筝，也会去稻田里放风筝。由此可知，意外并没有削减人们对放风筝的喜爱。 2 3 1 4 3．What does the underlined part “stuck around” mean in paragraph 5? A．Improved.　　　　 B．Appeared. C．Functioned. D．Stayed. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句可知，虽然官方风筝节回归了，但是萨约加之前拍到的非正式的在稻田里放风筝的活动也再一次出现了。由此可推知，stuck around意为“出现”，与appeared的意思接近。 2 3 1 4 4．Which sentence does Sayoga agree with according to the text? A．Informal kite festivals should also be encouraged. B．Crowded festivals could bring in more entertainment. C．Cameras should be placed on the kites instead of faces. D．Recording kites gives way to watching them flying. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“...these gatherings have helped him...leave his camera at home.”可知，萨约加不再像之前一样用相机拍照进行记录，而是专注于欣赏风筝的飞翔，即对风筝的记录让位于欣赏风筝。 2 3 1 4 B For the British, there are two days of celebration for tea.National Tea Day is on 21 April every year, but just a month later, it's International Tea Day—when other nations join in celebrating Brits' favourite drink. Every year International Tea Day is on 21 May.International Tea Day has been celebrated in popular tea-growing countries like India and Sri Lanka since 2005, but was only accepted by the United Nations in December 2019.The date was then moved from its normal December celebration to 21 May. Tea is drunk in so many cultures.However, it is hard to fix an exact date as to when the drink was invented.It is believed to have originated during the Yunnan region during the Shang Dynasty as a medicinal drink. An early record of tea drinking was noted in the third century CE before spreading across the globe.It became a popular drink in the 17th century in Britain.And the British went on to introduce its production in India. Which tea is best for health? Chamomile (甘菊) and Green teas are tied for first place when it comes to health.Both are considered the healthiest tea choices.However, they serve different purposes.Chamomile tea cuts blood sugar levels.Green tea has been shown to improve blood flow and lower cholesterol (胆固醇). Does the milk go in first or second in a cup of tea? This age-old debate has long divided tea lovers, and a brand of tea gave the answer.They said on their website：“Historically, the ‘milk in first’ rule was to protect the fine bone china it was served in—it's a very individual thing.” So there you have it, which side are you on? [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了5月21日是国际茶日，茶在人们的生活中扮演着较为重要的角色。 5 6 7 8 5．When do the British have two days of celebration for tea? A．In April and May. B．In April and June. C．In April and December. D．In May and December. 答案：A 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，英国人在4月21日庆祝国家茶日，一个月后又要庆祝国际茶日。 5 6 7 8 6．What do we learn about International Tea Day? A．It has a history of 15 years. B．The date has been changed. C．It used to be celebrated in May. D．It was celebrated in Britain first. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，国际茶日过去主要在印度和斯里兰卡等国家庆祝，时间是12月，现在联合国确定的新时间是每年的5月21日。 5 6 7 8 7．Tea became popular in India thanks to ． A．the British B．the Chinese C．the Japanese D．the Americans 5 6 7 8 A 解析：细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，在17世纪，茶开始在英国流行，然后英国将其生产方式介绍到了印度。这自然会使茶在印度变得流行。 5 6 7 8 8．Why was there the “milk in first” rule? A．To protect the tea. B．To protect the cup. C．To make tea taste better. D．To make milk taste better. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，人们之所以提出“先放牛奶(后放茶叶)”的说法，是为了保护骨瓷制作的茶杯。 5 6 7 8 $$