U2 Period 3 Listening and Speaking-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（人教版）

必修第三册 UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES Period 3　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking—Language Points 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课堂检测 素养达标 课时作业 巩固提升 词汇识记 1．moral adj.道德的；道义上的 n．品行；道德；寓意 We differ about moral standards. 我们对道德标准的看法不一致。 2．virtue n．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 My neighbor is a man of high virtue. 我的邻居是一个具有高尚品德的人。 3．dilemma n．进退两难的境地；困境 The issue raised a moral dilemma. 这个问题引发了一个道德上的两难选择。 moral dilemma道德困境 4．faint vi.昏倒；晕厥 adj.不清楚的；微弱的 I heard a faint sound in the distance. 我听到远处有个微弱的声音。 5．illustrate vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图 In this section, I'll illustrate some of these differences. 在这一节，我将举例说明一些不同之处。 6．precious adj.珍稀的；宝贵的 You should make good use of every precious minute to study. 你应该充分利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习。 7．entrust vt.委托；交付 I know I can entrust you with my secret. 我知道我能把我的秘密托付给你。 8．carry sb.through sth.帮助某人渡过难关 His courage will carry him through the difficulties. 他的勇气将帮他渡过难关。 9．marriage n．结婚；婚姻 My parents are celebrating 30 years of marriage. 我的父母即将庆祝结婚30周年。 married adj.已婚的 10．majority n．大部分；大多数 The majority of my patients come to me from out of town. 我的大多数病人来自市区外。 major adj.主要的 n．专业 v．主修 11．complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚 The couple complained about the high cost of visiting Europe. 这对夫妇抱怨了游览欧洲的高昂花费。 12．tuition n．(小组)教学；讲课 Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees. 你的父母必须支付你的学费。 tuition fees 学费 13．fee n．专业服务费；报酬 Does the bank charge a fee for setting up the account? 在这家银行开设账户要收费吗？ 14．respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应 The screen is sensitive and can respond to slight touch. 触摸屏反应灵敏，能响应轻微的触碰。 response n．反应；回答；回复 15．union n．协会；联合会；工会 He was elected the leader of the union. 他被选为工会的领导人。 16．scholarship n．奖学金 She has been awarded a scholarship to study at Harvard. 她获得了在哈佛大学学习的奖学金。 17．hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n．租借；租用 We don't want to hire inexperienced workers. 我们不想聘用没有经验的工人。 18．physician n．医师；(尤指)内科医生 He was attended by his personal physician. 他由他的私人医生照料。 resident physician住院医师 19．colleague n．同事；同僚 Please allow me to introduce my colleague Professor Zhang to you. 请允许我把我的同事张教授介绍给你。 20．reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用 He rejected their offer of a job. 他拒绝了他们给他的工作。 rejection n．拒绝接受；否决 21．appoint vt.任命；委派 He wasn't there at the appointed time. 他没有在指定的时间到那里。 appointed adj.指定的，约定的 appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委派 22．clinic n．诊所；门诊部 He is being treated at a private clinic. 他正在一家私人诊所接受治疗。 23．faraway adj.遥远的 The painter lived a life of ease on a faraway island. 这位画家在一个遥远的岛上过着安逸的生活。 24．elect vt.选举；推选 It's impossible to tell who will win the next election. 现在还说不准谁将在下次选举中获胜。 election n．选举；推选；当选 25．decade n．十年；十年期 Prices have risen steadily during the past decade. 在过去十年里，物价一直在稳步地上涨。 26．elsewhere adv.在别处；去别处 He lived elsewhere during the summer months. 在夏天的几个月里，他住在别处。 27．tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于 He tends to complain a lot. That's not good. 他常常抱怨，这样不好。 tendency n．倾向 tend to do sth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事 28．publish vt.发表(作品)；出版 He published this book with his pen-name. 他以笔名出版了这本书。 29．staff n．员工；全体职员 How many full-time staff have we got? 我们有多少全职员工？ 30．retire vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出 My father retired at the age of 60. 我父亲六十岁时退休了。 retired adj.退休的，退役的 31．saving n．节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款 I would like to open a savings account. 我想开一个储蓄账户。 32．kindergarten n．学前班；幼儿园 The nurse walked the children out of the kindergarten. 保育员把孩子们送出了幼儿园。 33．principle n．道德原则；法则；原则 A bicycle and a motorcycle are built on the same principle. 自行车和摩托车是根据同样的原理制造的。 34．passive adj.被动的；顺从的 He played a passive role in the marriage. 他在婚姻中扮演了一个被动的角色。 35．scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 The dog scared the thief away. 狗把小偷吓跑了。 scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 scary adj.令人害怕的 36．sharp adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的 There has been a sharp slowdown in economic growth. 在经济增长方面一直存在急剧的减速。 37．insurance n．保险；保险业 He works in an insurance company. 他在一家保险公司上班。 38．energetic adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的 His son is an energetic child. 他的儿子是个精力旺盛的孩子。 energy n．活力；精力；能源 39．replace vt.接替；取代；更换 Nothing can replace a mother's love. 什么都无法取代母爱。 默写练习 【限时：20分钟】 Ⅰ.默写重点单词 1．____________ adj.道德的；道义上的 n．品行；道德；寓意 2．____________ n．高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 3．____________ n．进退两难的境地；困境 4．____________ vi.昏倒；晕厥 adj.不清楚的；微弱的 5．____________ adj.珍稀的；宝贵的 moral virtue dilemma faint precious 6．____________ n．专业服务费；报酬 7．____________ n．协会；联合会；工会 8．____________ n．奖学金 9．____________ vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n．租借；租用 10．____________ n．同事；同僚 11．____________ n．十年；十年期 12．____________ vt.委托；交付 13．____________ vt.发表(作品)；出版 fee union scholarship hire colleague decade entrust publish 14．____________ n．员工；全体职员 15．____________ n．道德原则；法则；原则 16．____________ adj.被动的；顺从的 17．____________ n．保险；保险业 18．____________ n．婚姻；结婚→____________ v．结婚 19．____________ n．大部分；大多数→____________ adj.主要的 n．专业 vi.主修 20．____________ vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→__________ n．抱怨；投诉 staff principle passive insurance marriage marry majority major complain complaint 21．____________ vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→____________ n．反应；回答；回复 22．____________ vt.拒绝接受；不录用→__________ n．拒绝接受；否决 23．____________ vt.任命；委派→____________ n．任命；约定；职位 24．____________ vt.选举；推选→____________ n．选举；推选；当选 respond response reject rejection appoint appointment elect election 25．____________ vi.& vt.退休；退职；退出→____________ n．退休；退职 26．____________ vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→____________ n．趋势；趋向；倾向 27．____________ adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→____________ vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→____________ adj.令人恐惧的 retire retirement tend tendency scared scare scary 28．____________ adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→____________ adv.急剧地；严厉地→____________ v．(使)变得锋利；(使)提高；(使声音)变得尖锐 29．____________ adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的→____________ n.精力；活力；能量 30．____________ vt.接替；取代；更换→__________ n．代替；替换物 sharp sharply sharpen energetic energy replace replacement Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．Her voice ____________ (sharp) as she became impatient. 2．To be frank，this is a ____________ (reject) of most of what has been discussed before. 3．She made an ____________ (appoint) for her son to see the doctor. sharpened rejection appointment 4．The book reflects a high moral value on ____________ (marry) and the family unit. 5．The media played a significant part in the last ____________(elect). marriage election Ⅲ.默写核心短语 1．________________ 道德困境 2．________________ 帮助某人渡过难关 3．________________ 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 4．________________ 面对 5．________________ 学费 6．________________ 从……毕业 moral dilemma carry sb.through sth. tend to do sth. be faced with tuition fees graduate from 7．________________ 需要…… 8．__________________ 对……负责 9．________________ 把某人当作…… 10．________________ 作为……而出名 in need of be responsible for treat sb.as... be known as Ⅳ.选词填空 从核心短语中选择合适的完成下列句子 1．Although we have nothing in common，I still ____________ him ____________ my friend. 2．It is his precious suggestions that have ____________ me ____________ these moral dilemmas. 3．One of my colleagues ________________ the opening ceremony now. treat as carried through is responsible for 4．We ____________ make mistakes when we do things in a hurry.Therefore，calm down and think about the things which you are faced with. 5．A young man was getting ready to ________________ college. tend to graduate from 词汇精研 1.dilemma n．进退两难的境地；困境 [教材原文] A moral dilemma is a situation in which you have two or more difficult choices to make.道德困境是指你要做两个或两个以上的困难选择的情况。 face a dilemma面临左右为难的困境 be in a dilemma处于进退两难的境地 a moral dilemma道德困境 (1)正是在这个时候，老板发现他自己处于进退两难的境地。 It was precisely at this moment that the boss ____________________ _______________． (2)他认为他们可能会面临一个尴尬的两难困境。 He thinks that they ______________________________． found himself in a dilemma may face an awkward dilemma 2.carry sb.through sth.帮助某人渡过难关 [教材原文] These words of Dr.Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing woman，and what carried her through a life of hard choices.林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。 carry on with sth./doing sth.继续做某事(相当于go on) carry out进行；执行；履行 carry through完成；实现 (1)As a teacher, I must do what I can to carry the students ____________ the difficulties. (2)I'd be grateful if you could let me carry ____________ with my job. (3)First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and carry ____________ your plan step by step. through on out (4)他双腿颤抖地站了起来，继续沿路慢慢地走着。 He rose to his feet on shaky legs，and _________________________ _____________________． carried on walking slowly down the road 3.majority n．大部分；大多数(major v．主修 adj.主要的 n．主修课程) [教材原文] At age 18，instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls，she chose to work and study.18岁时，她选择了工作和学习，而不是像大多数女孩一样走上传统的婚姻之路。 ·be in the/a majority占大多数 a/the majority of大多数…… ·minority n．少数；少数人 a/the minority of少数…… be in the/a minority占少数 注意：“a/the majority of＋n.”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数视of后名词的单复数而定。 ·major in主修，专攻 (1)The majority of students in our class ____________ (be) hard-working. (2) In fact, he inspires me to major ____________ English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world. (3)每学期仅有少数学生获得奖学金。 ____________________________ receive the scholarship every term. are in Only a/the minority of students (4)When it comes to education, most people believe that education is a lifetime study. →When it comes to education, ________________ people believe that education is a lifetime study. the majority of 4.complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚(complaint n．投诉，抱怨，怨言) [教材原文] “Why should girls learn so much？Finding a good husband should be their final goal！”her brother complained，thinking of the high tuition fees.“为什么女孩子要学这么多？找个好丈夫才应该是她们的最终目标！”想到高额的学费，她的哥哥抱怨道。 ·complain (to sb.) about/of (doing) sth. (向某人)抱怨(做)某事 complain that...抱怨…… ·make a complaint about对……提出投诉 (1)He phoned a newspaper reporter to complain ____________ the reporter's story. (2)She complained ____________ her friends about the barking of her neighbor's dog. (3)I'd like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my ____________ (complain). about/of to complaint (4)(应用文写作之投诉信)我写信是投诉你们酒店的服务不好。 I'm writing to _____________________________________________ the poor service of your hotel. complain about/complain of/make a complaint about 5.respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应(response n．回答；回复；反应) [教材原文] She responded，“I'd rather stay single to study all my life！”她回答说：“为了终身学习，我宁愿保持单身！ ” ·respond to对……作出反应，回应…… ·in response to作为对……的答复/反应 make a/no response to对……作出反应/不予回答 (1)I prefer to respond ____________ e-mails that I receive right when I get to work. (2)(应用文写作之申请信)I am writing in _________________ (3)为了响应观众的极力要求，这出戏将在这个剧院一周上演两次。 __________________________ the audience's great demand，the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. to response In response to/To respond to 6.appoint vt.任命；委派(appointment n．任命，委派；约定appointed adj.约定的，指定的) [教材原文] In 1941，Dr.Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital，but just a few months later，the department was closed because of the war.1941年，林医生成为第一位被任命为北京协和医院妇产科主任的中国女性，但仅仅几个月后，该科室就因为战争而关闭了。 ·appoint sb.(as/to be)任命某人(为)…… appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事 ·make/have an appointment with sb.和某人有约 keep/break an appointment守/违约 ·at the appointed time 在约定的时间 (1)My patient broke that important ____________ (appoint). (2)I have an appointment ____________ Dr.Smith，but I need to change it. (3)A nurse was appointed ________________ (attend) to her during her illness. (4)Make sure you have understood all the details and try to get there a few minutes before the ____________ (appoint) time. appointment with to attend appointed 7.charge n．费用；价钱；主管；指责 vi.& vt.收(费)；控诉；给……充电 [教材原文] She charged very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.她向病人收取的治疗费用极低，而且经常减免贫困病人的费用。 ·take charge of...掌管/负责…… in charge of...控制/管理…… in/under the charge of...受……的管理，由……负责 free of charge (＝for free)免费 ·charge sb.some money for sth.为某物向某人收取费用 charge sb.with(doing) sth.＝accuse sb.of (doing) sth.控告某人(做)某事 (1)The man they arrested last night was charged __________ murder. (2)他不能掌管这个项目，因为这超出了他的能力。 ①The programme can't be ____________________ him because it is beyond his ability. ②He can't ________________ the programme because it is beyond his ability. ③He can't be ________________ the programme because it is beyond his ability. with in/under the charge of take charge of in charge of 8.tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于(tendency n．倾向，趋势) [教材原文] She was more interested in tending patients，publishing medical research on care for women and children，and training the next generation of doctors.她更感兴趣的是照顾病人、发表关爱妇女和儿童的医学研究以及培养下一代医生。 ·tend to do sth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事 tend (to) sb./sth.照料/照看…… ·have a tendency to do sth.有做某事的倾向 (1)(2023·全国乙卷) I tend ____________ (travel) with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way. (2)There is a slow ____________ (tend) that the “beat culture” is popular with the youths in this country. to travel tendency (3)I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms.Wang who looks after my mother in the hospital. →I'm writing to express my sincere thanks to Ms.Wang who ____________ my mother in the hospital. tends (to) 9.scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的(scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓scary adj.可怕的；恐怖的) [教材原文] She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions.在这次面试时，她太害怕了以至于完全忘了她该如何回答这些问题。 ·be scared to death吓得要死 be scared of sb./sth.害怕某人/某事 be scared to do sth.害怕/恐惧做某事 be scared that...害怕…… ·scare away/off吓走，吓跑 (1)(读后续写之动作描写)When that dog jumped out at me, I froze with terror, too ____________ (scare) to move an inch. (2)Thinking of the horrible scene，Mac was nearly scared ____________ death. (3)Seeing the ____________ (scare) dog, children were frightened, but some adults managed to drive it away. (4)最令我害怕的是我要在一个陌生的地方学习。 ____________________ is that I'm going to study in a strange place. scared to scary What scares me most 10.replace vt.接替；取代；更换；把……放回原处 [教材原文] The student union will hold a special meeting in January to elect someone to replace the secretary.学生会将在一月份举行一次特别会议，选举一位成员来接替这位秘书。 ·replace A with/by B 用B接替/替换A replace sth.＝take the place of sth.代替…… ·in place of代替 in place在适当的位置；准备就绪 (1)Most of workers in this factory ____________________ (replace) by robots so far. (2)Now that these basics were ____________ place，I was ready to go all out to carry out the plan. (3)Nothing can replace face-to-face communication between parents and kids. →Nothing can ________________ face-to-face communication between parents and kids. have been replaced in take the place of 句式剖析 1.否定词＋形容词比较级＋than... [教材原文] To a person nothing is more precious than their life...对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了…… ·此句中nothing is more precious than...为“否定词＋形容词比较级＋than...”结构，表示最高级的含义，意为“没有什么比……更加……”。 ·表示最高级意义的其他表达法： ①否定词＋so/as＋形容词/副词原级＋as (1)I have never heard a ____________ (good) voice than hers. (2)It has more fresh water ____________ any of the other countries in the world. (3)在他看来，在空闲时间阅读原著最有趣。 ①In his view，___________________________________________ in his spare time.(否定词＋比较级) better than nothing is more enjoyable than reading original books ②In his view, ____________________________________________ in his spare time.(形容词最高级) reading original books is the most enjoyable thing 2.现在分词短语作状语 [教材原文] To a person nothing is more precious than their life，and if they entrust me with that life，how could I refuse that trust，saying I'm cold，hungry，or tired？对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了，如果他们把生命托付给我，我怎么忍心拒绝那份信任，说自己冷了、饿了或者累了？ ·此句中saying I'm cold，hungry，or tired是现在分词短语作状语。 ·现在分词(短语)作状语，若现在分词(短语)所表示的动作与谓语所表示的动作同时发生，则用doing；若现在分词(短语)所表示的动作发生在谓语所表示的动作之前，强调先后顺序时，则用having done。 ·现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示谓语动作发生的时间、原因、结果、条件、方式或表示谓语动词所表示的动作发生时的伴随情况，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。 (1)________________ (fail) for ten times，she had to change her way of doing the experiment. (2)They would be able to reply to our signals，____________ (use) similar methods. (3)All night long I lay awake，____________ (think) of the problem. (4)Her husband died ten years ago，____________ (leave) her with three children to look after. Having failed using thinking leaving 3.the＋序数词＋名词＋to do [教材原文] She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician in the OB-GYN department of the PUMC Hospital.她很快被聘为北京协和医院妇产科的第一位女性住院医师。 ·本句包含“the first＋n.＋to be done”结构，意为“第一个被……的人/物”。 ·名词前有序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。当名词与不定式之间是逻辑上的主谓关系时，用to do作后置定语；当此名词与不定式之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用to be done作后置定语。 (1)(2023·全国乙卷) Four years later, she was the first African American woman ____________ (receive) a medical degree. (2)She was the first girl in our school ______________ (admit) to Tsinghua University. (3)杰克是第一个想出一个好主意的人，他想通过做爆米花来帮助伯纳德赚点额外收入。 Jack was ________________________ a good idea to help Bernard earn some extra money by making popcorn. to receive to be admitted the first person to think of 4.感官动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语 [教材原文] The new People's Republic of China saw Dr.Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.中华人民共和国见证了林巧稚医生发挥的关键作用。 ·本句中的playing a key role是现在分词短语作saw的宾语补足语。 ·现在分词(短语)作宾语补足语时，表示主动、进行。 ·感官动词see，watch，observe，hear，notice等的宾语补足语有以下形式(以see为例)： see sb.do sth.看见某人做了某事 see sb.doing sth.看见某人正在做某事 see sb./sth.done看见某人/某物被…… (1)They knew her very well.They had seen her ____________ (grow) up from childhood. (2)I saw him ____________ (play) football when I came to his school. (3)I often see the boy ____________ (blame) by his father for his carelessness. grow playing blamed (4)(读后续写之动作描写)安妮看见她哥哥快速走过，但他没有注意到她，这让她心里充满了失落感。 Anne ________________________， but he didn't notice her, which made her filled with a sense of loss. saw her brother dash past 课堂检测 素养达标 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．People should make significant changes to their daily routines in ____________ (respond) to serious air pollution. 2．(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) Though some are initially ____________ (scare) of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. response scared 3．During the last ten years, the number of people taking part in physical fitness programmes has been increasing __________(sharp). 4．There is a growing ____________ (tend) for people to work at home instead of in offices. 5．He felt ____________ (moral) responsible for the accident. 6．We put some money aside every month for our ____________ (retire). sharply tendency morally retirement 7．It was obvious that all my ____________ (complain) about the service of your restaurant were useless. 8．These papers deal with a kind of failure which people have little control over—____________ (reject). 9．When it comes to education, I believe that nothing is ________________ (important) than making our kids competitive in the 21st century. 10．It's past the ____________ (appoint) time.Maybe he isn't coming. complaints rejection more important appointed Ⅱ.选词填空 1．Although he had many difficulties，his determination ____________ him ____________ the year. 2．After the boys ________________ high school，they moved to a small town in Vermont. all one's life，graduate from，in need of，care for，treat...as...，be known as，of one's own，be responsible for，carry sb.through sth.，at times carried through graduated from 3．As a parent，it is important for you to ____________ your child's teeth. 4．I decided to ____________ his remark __________ a joke. 5．The children ____________________ cleaning their own rooms while I am in charge of the living room. 6．He moved to a new house and got a study ________________． 7．When they got there，they found the people suffering the storm were ________________ food and water supplies. care for treat as are responsible for of his own in need of 8．Samuel Clemens，who ________________ Mark Twain，became a famous American writer. 9．He went to the badminton club ____________ during his school days. 10．Andy did all she could to help the poor people ________________. was known as at times all her life Ⅲ.完成句子 1．面对道德困境，我们应该伸出援手，而不是袖手旁观。 ____________________________， instead of standing by, we should give a hand. 2．许多人都知道居里夫人是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的女性。 Most people know that Marie Curie was _______________________ the Nobel Prize. Faced with moral dilemmas the first woman to win 3．从公司退休后，她一直在一家慈善机构做志愿工作。 ____________________________________， she has been doing voluntary work for a charity. 4．我们已收到其中一位顾客对产品质量的投诉。 We've ____________________________________________ about product quality. After/Since retiring from the company received a complaint from one of our customers 5．得知已被选为学生会主席，他满怀喜悦。 Learning that he ____________________________ chairman of the student union, he was filled with joy. had been appointed as/to be 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单词拼写(每小题1分，共10分) 1．A ____________ later，the company has gone from strength to strength. 2．In order to get a ____________，she has been working hard all the term. 3．I agree with it in ____________，but I doubt if it will happen in practice. 4．In the nursing profession，women are in the ____________． decade scholarship principle majority 5．Sorry，but I have to ____________ (托付) you with this matter. 6．In the past decade，this company has ____________ (雇用) thousands of technical experts. 7．I am writing with the aim of ____________ (抱怨) about the terrible service of the insurance company. 8．After the old man ____________ (退休), he went back to his hometown, living an easy life with his wife. entrust hired complaining retired 9．An ____________ (充满活力的) person is very active and does not feel tired at all. 10．These plants have a ____________ (倾向) to grow in the more rural areas. energetic tendency Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每小题1分，共8分) 1．I like travelling very much. In my opinion, nothing is ________________ (pleasant) than travelling. 2．The majority of people ____________ (be) in favour of the suggestion at the meeting. 3．I am writing to complain ____________ one of your bus drivers' improper and rude behavior. more pleasant were/are about 4．In a good ____________ (marry)，both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise. 5．My colleague, Sam, was appointed ____________ manager of the engineering department to replace George last week. 6．On the one hand，he had an intention to approach her.On the other hand，he was afraid of her ____________ (reject). marriage as rejection 7．I heard someone ____________ (shout) in the next door when I stepped into my office. 8．It is because my mother has tended ____________ me carefully that I have recovered from the disease so quickly. shouting to Ⅲ.完成句子(每小题2分，共10分) 1．这座旧建筑见证了过去200年里这个村庄的巨大变迁。 The old building ____________________________ of the village in the past two hundred years. 2．第一个到达的人是来自哥伦比亚的托尼，随后紧跟着的是来自英国的史密斯。 ________________________ was Tony from Colombia，closely followed by Smith from Britain. has seen/witnessed great changes The first person to arrive 3．是我的父母帮助我度过了中学时期的艰难时光。 It was my parents ____________________________________ in middle school. 4．我们转过身，发现一个女孩在湖中挣扎，大声呼救。 We turned around and ________________________ in the lake，crying for help. who carried me through my hard times found a girl struggling 5．老鼠跑出田野，寻找藏身之处。 Mice ran out of the fields __________________________________. looking for places to hide Ⅳ.阅读理解 A As soon as the words left my mouth, I knew I'd made a mistake. “You think Jane Austen is...soft？” the man opposite me asked in disbelief. Then, he and his colleague took turns to challenge my claim, finishing each other's sentences as they stressed that Austen's novels were, in fact, savage． “I just mean...” I said in a bright voice, trying to keep the tone light, “that she's not as biting as Virginia Woolf.” The two professors battled this idea around, too, like a couple of cats toying with a frightened bird—giving specific examples of how Austen's work was, on the contrary, more biting than Woolf's. With no more defensive action to take, I simply smiled and said, “Let's just agree to disagree, shall we？” And at that moment, my dream of going to Oxford University disappeared in a puff of smoke. Part of my problem was a lack of confidence. Even though I was a straight A student and had prepared for the interview to the best of my ability, I wasn't a skilled debater. When faced with two experts who told me that I was wrong, instead of defending myself, I rolled over and accepted defeat. To pass the interview, you need more than confidence, of course. You also need a burning passion for your subject, not just a strong interest. In other words, don't put comments on your personal statement that you're not prepared to back up in person. Unfortunately, I made the error. So, months later, I already knew the contents of my thin envelope when it appeared on my doormat. Naturally, I felt a pang of disappointment. But, looking back, that wasn't necessarily a bad thing. Instead of going to Oxford, I found a university that was a better fit for my interests. I loved my eclectic (兼收并蓄的) course. Failing my Oxford interview also provided a valuable life lesson. I'm now more confident in my opinions, more passionate when it comes to debate, and I try to back up my points with hard evidence. What's more, I have never since ended a discussion by giving a simpering smile (傻笑) and saying, “Let's just agree to disagree, shall we？” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者面试牛津大学的失败经历，虽然面试失败了，但是作者明白了应该自信地用确凿的证据来支持自己的观点的道理。 2 3 1 4 1．What does the underlined word “savage” mean in paragraph 1? A.Full of irony. B．Full of romance. C．Involving strong criticism. D．Reflecting the reality. 答案：C 解析：词义猜测题。根据第一段“As soon as the words left my mouth, I knew I'd made a mistake.‘You think Jane Austen is... soft？’ the man opposite me asked in disbelief.Then, he and his colleague took turns to challenge my claim, finishing each other's sentences as they stressed that Austen's novels were, in fact, savage.”可知，针对作者认为Austen的小说是温和的这一想法，面试官和他的同事轮流表达了不同的看法，因此推断，他们认为Austen的小说并不是温和的，即“savage”，结合选项，involving strong criticism与soft意思相反，与savage意思相近。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 2．According to the author, the real reason why she failed her interview was that ． A．she didn't maintain her claim B．she argued with the interviewers fiercely C．she admitted that she was wrong too quickly D．she didn't make adequate preparations for her claim 2 3 1 4 A 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中“With no more defensive action to take, I simply smiled and said, ‘Let's just agree to disagree, shall we？’ And at that moment, my dream of going to Oxford University disappeared in a puff of smoke.”和最后一段中“What's more, I have never since ended a discussion by giving a simpering smile and saying, ‘Let's just agree to disagree, shall we？’”可推知，作者在牛津大学的面试中没有坚持自己的观点，选择了求同存异，这就是她面试失败的原因。 2 3 1 4 3．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the author? A．She was not so eager as other students to go to Oxford. B．She finally fulfilled her dream of studying in Oxford. C．She entered a university more suitable to develop her interest. D．She was disappointed with the university she finally entered. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中“Instead of going to Oxford, I found a university that was a better fit for my interests.”可知，她进入了一所更适合她发展兴趣的大学，所以C项正确。 2 3 1 4 4．After failing the Oxford interview, the author learned that ． A．one should back up her points with hard evidence confidently. B．the ability to debate was the only thing that matters in an interview. C.finding what her real passions were was the most urgent thing to do. D．respecting different opinions was very important to an interviewee. 2 3 1 4 A 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Failing my Oxford interview also provided a valuable life lesson. I'm now more confident in my opinions, more passionate when it comes to debate, and I try to back up my points with hard evidence.”可推知，作者从她的面试经验中学到：一个人应该自信地用确凿的证据来支持自己的观点。 2 3 1 4 B It's easy to believe that robots are stealing jobs from human workers and badly affect the job market; after all, you've likely heard that they are tracking and moving packages without the use of human hands. But there's no need to worry about a robot takeover just yet, says a new study from BYU sociology professor Eric Dahlin. Dahlin's research found that robots aren't replacing (取代) humans at the rate most people think, but people are likely to greatly exaggerate (夸大) the rate of the robot takeover. To understand the relationship between job loss and robots, Dahlin surveyed nearly 2，000 people about their views on jobs being replaced by robots. They were first asked to guess what is the percentage of employees whose employers (雇主) have replaced jobs with robots. They were then asked whether their employers have ever replaced their jobs with robots. The study found that only 14% of workers say they've seen their job replaced by a robot. But those who have experienced job displacement due to a robot overstate the effect of robots taking jobs from humans by about three times. “Our understanding of robots taking over jobs is greatly exaggerated，” says Dahlin. Those who haven't lost jobs overstate it by about double, and those who have lost jobs overstate it by about three times. Eye-catching headlines saying a bad future of employment have likely overblown the situation of robots taking over jobs. The finding fits early studies, which suggest that robots aren't replacing workers. Rather, workplaces, where both employees and robots are working together, deliver more value in a way.“An everyday example is an autonomous machine at your local department store，” says Dahlin. “This robot cleans the floors while employees clean under shelves or other difficult-to-reach places.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。一项新研究表明，机器人并没有取代人工，相反，人类和机器人一起工作，在某种程度上提供了更多的价值。 5．How did Eric Dahlin carry out his research? A．By asking people questions. B．By comparing early studies. C．By interviewing employers. D．By studying new businesses. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They were first asked to guess...have ever replaced their jobs with robots.”可知，此项研究主要是通过问答的方式进行的。 6 7 5 8 6．What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A．Bad effects of technology. B．A fall in laid-off workers. C．Benefits of using robots. D．The finding of the study. 答案：D 6 7 5 8 解析：段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，本段主要介绍了此项研究的发现。 6 7 5 8 7．What might deepen people's worry about a robot takeover according to the text? A．Low pay.　　　　　 B．News reports. C．Physical health. D．Fewer workplaces. 答案：B 6 7 5 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Eye-catching headlines...the situation of robots taking over jobs.”可知，新闻报道为引起大众关注，夸大机器人取代人工的实际情况，从而加剧了大众的焦虑。 6 7 5 8 8．Which statement will Eric Dahlin probably agree with? A．Robots can work as human partners. B．Job markets will be affected seriously. C．All human workers will be replaced. D．Work experience matters too much. 答案：A 6 7 5 8 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The finding fits early studies...deliver more value in a way.”可推知，Eric Dahlin可能会认同“机器人可以成为人类工作的好搭档”这一观点。 6 7 5 8 Ⅴ.阅读七选五 Being a Superhero to Others Ewan Drum has always liked superheroes.He likes how they help people.At age seven，he told his parents，“I want to dress up like a superhero and help the homeless.” 1 Wearing his red superhero cape (斗篷)，Ewan helped pass out 70 packed lunches to hungry people in a park in Detroit，Michigan.That's how Super Ewan was born. 2 People donated money and supplies (供给物)，and Ewan took them to those in need. When someone donated jugs (大罐) of water，Ewan and his family drove their car to get even more.They took the water to Flint，Michigan，a city that had unsafe drinking water.Another time，a businessman donated six turkeys (火鸡) for a festival. 3 “In the end，” he says，“we gave 64 turkey dinners to families all around Detroit.” Ewan has a motto：Everyone can be a superhero to someone.At an event called the Hero Round Table，Ewan told the audience，“It's not hard to help people.You can keep some socks and food in your car to help people in need.You can help a neighbor with doing the garden. 4 ” It's been several years since Super Ewan started his task.Every month，he still visits the same park to hand out clothes，food，and supplies to people who are hungry or homeless—his Super Friends. 5 “No matter what happens，” Ewan says，“I will always keep helping people.” A．News spread about Ewan's act of kindness. B．This superhero says he'll never take off his cape. C．Ewan says he wants more adults to act like superheroes. D．Every little thing helps and can make someone feel happy. E．A few months later，Ewan's family planned a day of giving. F．Several days later，his parents drove to Flint and helped him raise a lot of money. G．With his parents' help，Ewan asked for more turkeys through the Internet，plus side dishes. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。Ewan Drum是一位慈善家，7岁的时候就开始帮助他人，在他人眼里他就是一位超级英雄。 1．答案：E 解析：根据空后“Wearing his red superhero cape，Ewan helped pass out 70 packed lunches to hungry people in a park in Detroit，Michigan.”可知，Ewan把70份盒装午餐分发给饥饿的人。这种慈善行为是要事先计划的。故选E。 2．答案：A 解析：根据空后“People donated money and supplies，and Ewan took them to those in need.”可知，人们捐赠金钱和物资，Ewan把它们带给有需要的人。由此可知，Ewan的善良行为被人们所熟知。故选A。 3．答案：G 解析：根据空前“Another time，a businessman donated six turkeys for a festival.”和空后“we gave 64 turkey dinners to families all around Detroit”可知，有人捐了6只火鸡，而最后Ewan为底特律各地的家庭提供了64顿火鸡晚餐，由此可知，此处是Ewan在父母的帮助下，通过互联网获得了更多食材。故选G。 4．答案：D 解析：根据空前“You can keep some socks and food in your car to help people in need.You can help a neighbor with doing the garden.”可知，日常生活中微不足道的小事也有帮助，会让别人感觉很幸福。故选D。 5．答案：B 解析：根据空后“‘No matter what happens，’Ewan says，‘I will always keep helping people.’”可知，无论发生什么事情，Ewan都会一直坚持帮助他人。故选B。 ②比较级＋than＋ $$