U8 Period 6 ：State Verbs and Activity Verbs -【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语选择性必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（北师大版）

选择性必修第三册 UNIT 8　LITERATURE Period 6　Focus on Language 单元语法：State Verbs and Activity Verbs (状态动词和动作动词) 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 核心语法 专项突破 课时作业 巩固提升 课堂检测 素养达标 核心语法 专项突破 [语法体会] ①You are walking along a mountain path in the Himalayas. ②And our porters carry your luggage, which means that you can simply enjoy the experience. ③They know all the best routes and best places to camp. ④However, at Adventure 2000 we feel that we understand the needs of hikers. ⑤At Adventure 2000 we also think that good travel arrangements are important. ⑥You are thinking about how far there is to go. 我的发现： 1．①②句中的walk, carry为_________动词，可用于进行时态。 2．③④句中的know, feel, understand为___________动词，常用一般时态。 3．⑤句中的think为__________动词，意为“______________”；⑥句中的think为______________动词，表示“______________”的意思。 动作 状态 状态 认为 动作 考虑 [知识精要] 一、概述 在英语中，动词分为动作动词和状态动词。动作动词描述动作，可用于一般时态和进行时态；而状态动词描述状态，一般不用于进行时态。 二、动作动词 动作动词可分为三类： 1．表示持续性动作的动词，如drink, run, rain, write, play, teach, work等。 She teaches English in our school.她在我们学校教英语。 Mary is writing a letter to her friend in France.玛丽正在给法国的朋友写信。 2．表示短暂性动作的动词，如open, knock, jump, die, close等。它们用于进行时态时，一般表示动作正在发生的瞬间或动作多次重复或即将发生。 She jumped up into the chair. 她跳起来坐到椅子上。 He was jumping up and down to keep warm.他上下跳动来取暖。 The poor boy is dying.那个可怜的男孩生命垂危。 3．表示位移或状态变化的动词，如leave, go, arrive, turn, grow等。这类动词既可用于进行时态，也可用于一般时态，但意义不同。 The train leaves at nine. 火车9点开车。(指按时间表或日程表发生某事) The train is leaving. 火车马上就要开了。(表示即将发生的动作) [名师点津]　有些动作动词表示的是短暂性的动作，没有持续性，这类动词一般称为“非延续性动词”或“终止性动词”，不能同表示一段时间的状语连用。常见的这类动词(词组)有come，go，leave，arrive，lose，join，kill，happen，break out等。 He has come here for three days.(×) He has been here for three days.(√) 三、状态动词 1．表示拥有和存在的动词(词组)，如appear, be, belong to, contain, have, include, need, seem, possess, own 等。 That dictionary belongs to me. 那本字典属于我。 The building measures 60 meters in height.这幢建筑物高60米。 2．感官动词，如feel, hear, see, look, smell, sound, taste等。其后常接形容词作表语。 The old man doesn't hear very well.那位老人听觉不太好。 The dish smells so good that I can't wait to eat it！这盘菜闻起来如此美味，以至于我迫不及待想吃它！ 3．表示思维活动的动词，如admit, agree, believe, know, mean, realise, remember, think, understand, want等。 I know what I'm doing. 我知道我正在做什么。 He does not believe in Howard's honesty.他不相信霍华德的诚实。 4．表示情感的动词，如adore, care, like, dislike, love, hate, hope 等。 He likes getting up early. 他喜欢早起。 [名师点津]　有些动词既可表示动作，也可表示状态，但在意义上有区别。 We have a second-hand car. 我们有一辆二手车。(have＝possess, 表示状态) She is having some tea. 她正在喝茶。(have＝drink, 表示动作) 课堂检测 素养达标 单句语法填空 1．He ____________ (teach) us for two years so far. 2．Look at the kite! How high it ____________ (fly)! 3．He entered the room and ____________ (sit) down in a chair. 4．It ____________ yesterday; it ____________ now and it's reported that it ____________ tomorrow.(rain) 5．He misses his father very much, who ____________ (die) in an accident. has taught is flying sat rained is raining will rain died 6．Hurry up, kids! The school bus ____________ (leave)! 7．This computer ____________ (cost) 2，000 dollars. Is it expensive? 8．Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It ____________ (stay) fresh for several days. 9．I ____________ (think) about what I should do next, so I still have no plan in my mind. is leaving costs will stay am thinking 10．The water ____________ (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise. 11．The flowers are so lovely that they ____________ (sell) well. 12．We mustn't have anything that ____________ (go) bad, or it will do harm to our body. felt sell goes 课时作业 巩固提升 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Because it ____________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed. 2．Some parents ____________ (buy) any high-tech toy if they think it will help their children. 3．Nearly everyone ____________ (dislike) being laughed at in public. 4．I never worried about my son while I ____________ (be) away because my mother kept an eye on him. means will buy dislikes was 5．Those who had held mentally stimulating, demanding jobs before retirement ____________ (tend) to do the best on the tests. 6．If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution that ____________ (suit) everyone. 7．It ____________ (be) difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been poorly studied. 8．These apples ____________ (taste) delicious and I have eaten five of them. tended suits is taste 9．The president ____________ (arrive) at the airport at five o'clock yesterday. 10．He ____________ (have) lunch when I came in. 11．This book ____________ (include) ten chapters. 12．Ladies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane ____________ (take) off. 13．The man who has the ancient vase insists that it ____________ (belong) to his family. arrived was having includes is taking belongs 14．He is such a man who is always ____________ (find) fault with others. 15．—What would you do if it ____________ (rain) tomorrow? —We have to carry it on, since we've got everything ready. finding rains Ⅱ.完成句子 1．我相信委员会将会考虑我们的建议。 I ________________ the committee will consider our suggestion. 2．哈里问：“这本书我可以借多久？” “How long ________________ the book？” Harry asked. 3．白求恩大夫给我们树立了好榜样。 Dr. Bethune ________________________． believe that can I keep set a good example to us 4．原油含有许多有用的物质。 Crude oil ____________________________________． 5．这个会议将在下午举行。 The meeting ________________ in the afternoon. 6．她昨天晚上在会上发言了。 She ________________________ yesterday evening. contains many useful substances will be held spoke at the meeting 7．他第一次到这个国家时，一句英语也不会说。 When he ________________________ for the first time, he couldn't speak any English. 8．他第一次考试就拿了满分。 The first time he ________________， he got a full mark. arrived in this country took an exam 9．听起来主意不错，可是我们没有足够的时间出去吃午饭了。 That ______________________， but we don't have enough time to go out for lunch. 10．她的头部看上去像是着了火，但那只是灯光造成的错觉。 Her head __________________ on fire but that is only a trick of the light. sounds a great idea appears to be Ⅲ.完形填空 28-year-old Jermaine Scott set up in business as a barber in Madison, Tennessee, about a year ago. He gradually noted the kids were 1 to tablets and cell phones when they came to the barbershop. It was 2 to cut their hair when they were focused on those. That led to the 3 of Scott's “Barbershop Books Day”， when kids could come and get a 4 haircut. What was required? They had to 5 a book while they got it. He created “Barbershop Books Day” to help not only the kids, but also the parents. Madison has many low-income families and many are focused on just keeping their 6 on. For people in this community, $15 for a haircut per kid is not easy to 7 ， so in some way a reduction in the price can 8 ． Scott began his initiative (倡议) by 9 five library books and putting them near his chair. Book 10 began pouring in when a local news station got 11 of what he was doing. Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further by 12 his “Barbershop Books Day” to an “Ice Breaker Book Tour” where he 13 to get kids excited to learn while also giving them 14 role models through motivational speakers. Scott said, “If I step outside my comfort zone and tell them school is cool, 15 it will guide them in the right direction.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了28岁的理发师Jermaine Scott为了让孩子们重拾读书的乐趣而创设“Barbershop Books Day”的故事。 2 3 1 4 1．A.adapted　　　 B．reduced C．glued D．accustomed 答案：C 根据下文，尤其是“they were focused on those”可知，孩子们来理发时都沉迷于玩平板电脑和手机。be glued to sth.“全神贯注看着某物”符合语境。be adapted to“适应”；be reduced to“陷入”；be accustomed to“习惯于”。 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2．A.safe B．hard C．possible D．pleasant 答案：B 根据上文描述可知，孩子们来理发时都沉迷于玩平板电脑和手机，这使得给他们剪头发变得很困难(hard)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 3．A.advertisement B．support C．celebration D．birth 答案：D 根据上下文可知，因为那个情况，Scott想出一个解决方法，即发起“Barbershop Books Day”活动。由此可知，此处表示该活动的诞生(birth)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 4．A.satisfied B．discounted C．free D．thorough 答案：B 根据下文中的a reduction in the price可知，孩子们可以享受到打折的(discounted)理发。satisfied“满意的”；free“免费的”；thorough“彻底的”。 5．A.borrow B．purchase C．read D．choose 答案：C 根据下文可知，Scott想让孩子们爱上读书，所以只有读书的孩子才能享受到折扣理发。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 6．A.hands B．hair C．shirt D．lights 答案：D 根据空前的low-income families可知，这些低收入家庭仅仅关注满足日常生活需求。keep one's lights on本意为“让灯亮着”，此处引申为“满足日常基本生活需要”。keep one's hair on“冷静下来”；keep one's shirt on“保持冷静，别生气”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 7．A.overlook B．afford C．believe D．decline 答案：B 根据上文中的“Madison has many low-income families and many are focused on just keeping their 6 on.”可知，对于社区里的家庭来说，付15美元给一个孩子理发是很困难的，即他们很难负担得起(afford)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 8．A.arise B．compensate C．count D．progress 答案：C 上文提到，这些家庭很难负担得起15美元给一个孩子理发，所以这种理发折扣在一定程度上对他们很重要(count)。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 9．A.checking on B．checking over C．checking in D．checking out 答案：D 根据文章内容可知，Scott从图书馆借出(checking out)五本书放在他的椅子旁边。check out在此处意为“(从图书馆)借出(书)”，符合语境。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 10．A.contents B．titles C．orders D．donations 答案：D 根据文章内容可知，当地新闻站听到风声后报道了这件事，书本捐赠(donations)就不断涌进。content“内容，目录”；title“标题”；order“订单”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 11．A.wind B．hold C．sight D．chance 答案：A 参见上题解析。get wind of sth.“听到某事的风声”为固定用法。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 12．A.expanding B．applying C．comparing D．adding 答案：A 根据空前的“Scott plans on taking his initiative a step further”可知，Scott计划采取进一步行动，把“Barbershop Books Day”扩大为“Ice Breaker Book Tour”。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 13．A.agrees B．intends C．deserves D．proves 答案：B 在那儿，Scott想要(intends)让孩子们带着兴奋的心情来学习。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 14．A.typical B．classic C．positive D．alternative 答案：C 根据空后的through motivational speakers可知，Scott想通过善于鼓舞人的演讲家们来给孩子们树立积极的(positive)榜样。 2 3 1 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 15．A.generally B．certainly C．accordingly D．hopefully 答案：D 根据下文“it will guide them in the right direction”为一般将来时可知，这里是指一种希望，希望这能引导他们走向正确的方向。 Ⅳ.语法填空 [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宋朝诗人苏轼创作《定风波·莫听穿林打叶声》这首词的背景和心理活动。 If you get stuck in a heavy rain，what would you do? You may be worried and want to find shelter immediately.But the Song Dynasty poet Su Shi behaves 1. (different) in Tune：Calming the Waves. 1．考查词性转换。修饰动词behaves应用副词differently，作状语。 答案：differently Tune：Calming the Waves is one of Su's ci(词)，2. type of poetry that was popular during the Song Dynasty.The ci begins by telling the reader that 3. (catch) in the sudden rain，Su has nothing but sandals and a cane.This shows that his journey is 4. (challenge).Su 5. (he) was no stranger to facing challenges.At that time，Su was charged 6. going against the emperor through his literary 7. (work) and therefore was banished (贬谪) to Hangzhou.But even so，he always stayed positive.Just 8. he described in the ci， instead of being upset，Su chose to “slowly walk and chant at 9.______ (easy)”．After the rain，he looked at “the dreary beaten track” again，and found everything was the same as it 10. (be) before.A small rain shower is just a brief part of the day，just as his political setbacks are but a small part of his life. 2．考查冠词。type为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一种诗歌形式”应用不定冠词，且type的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。 答案：a 3．考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，catch在句中应用非谓语形式，be caught in表示“遭遇，被困住”，此处省略be动词，用过去分词作状语。 答案：caught 4．考查词性转换。根据上文is可知，此处应填形容词challenging，作表语。 答案：challenging 5．考查代词。此处指代苏轼“他自己”，应用反身代词himself。 答案：himself 6．考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表示“被指控……”应用固定短语be charged with。 答案：with 7．考查名词的单复数。work表示“作品”时为可数名词，空前没有冠词，故应用复数形式。 答案：works 8．考查定语从句。结合句意表示“正如”为just as。as引导非限制性定语从句。 答案：as 9．考查词性转换。此处作介词at的宾语，应填名词ease，at ease表示“安逸，舒适”。 答案：ease 10．考查动词的时态。根据下文before可知，此处表示“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。 答案：had been $$