U8 Period 4 Lesson 3 “White Bikes” on the Road-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第三册同步导学案配套PPT课件（北师大版）

必修第三册 UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING Period 4　Lesson 3　“White Bikes” on the Road—Reading Comprehension “White Bikes” on the Road People in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling for years. The idea began about 50 years ago, and was first known as① “white bikes”. Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore② convenient for bikes. There are also plenty of③ places for bicycle parking④ and most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path⑤. Because of⑥ its convenience for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips are made by bike. Some people even call Amsterdam “the City of Bicycles”． Part 1　教材原文助读 本句使用了现在完成进行时态，表示一个动作从过去某时开始，一直持续到现在，还在继续进行或可能继续下去。 ①be known as作为……而出名；被称为 be known for 因……而闻名 ②therefore /'ðeəfɔː/ adv.因此；由此 ③plenty of大量；很多；许多 plenty of用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词，用法同a lot of/lots of。 ④parking /'pɑːkIŋ/ n．(车辆等的)停放 a parking lot/area 停车场 a parking space 停车位 underground parking 地下停车场 ⑤path /pɑːθ/ n．小径，小道 ⑥because of因为；由于 “白色自行车”在路上 多年来，阿姆斯特丹的居民一直享受着骑自行车带来的益处。这源于大约50年前，最初被称为“白色自行车”的想法。阿姆斯特丹是个适合骑行的城市，因为它地势平坦，方便骑行。还有很多地方可以停放自行车，市中心的大多数街道都有自行车道。由于骑行便利，阿姆斯特丹非常受骑行者的欢迎——有高达 38%的旅行是骑自行车完成的。有些人甚至称阿姆斯特丹为“自行车之城”。 Where did the idea of “white bikes” come from⑦？ In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with⑧ an idea. They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport. The group painted hundreds of⑨ bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people to use. Anyone was allowed to⑩ take them and use them for short journeys. People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared⑪—thieves stole them all in a matter of⑫ weeks! 本句为复合句，that引导的宾语从句中又包含一个if引导的条件状语从句。only bicycles were为省略形式，其完整形式为only bicycles were allowed。 本句为where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the place；so that引导目的状语从句。 ⑦come from来自；出生于 come true 变成现实，成为现实 come across (偶然)遇见 come about 发生 ⑧come up with想出，想到 ⑨hundreds of数以百计的；数百；几百；许多 hundred前有具体数字时，hundred不加-s；hundred后跟of时，hundred要加-s。 ⑩sb. be allowed to do sth.某人被允许做某事 allow doing sth.允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 ⑪disappear /ˌdIsə'pIə/ vi.消失，不见 disappear是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。 ⑫in a matter of左右；大约只不过在……之内 in a matter of minutes只需几分钟 in a matter of seconds几秒钟；很快 “白色自行车”的想法来自哪里呢？ 20 世纪60年代一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。 他们认为，如果市中心不允许汽车通行，只允许自行车通行，那对每个人都更好。他们希望这样能够节约能源，减少污染并提供免费的公共交通工具。这群人将数百辆自行车涂成白色放置在阿姆斯特丹的许多地方供人们使用。任何人都能够骑这些自行车进行短途出行。人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。然而不久就出了问题，“白色自行车” 全都消失了，小偷在几周内偷光了所有的车！ In 1999, the “white bikes” returned⑬ to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking⑭ system to record their every move! To take a bicycle, you had to put in a special card. The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours. The bikes were parked at special parking places. Thus people who wanted to use them had to take them to another special parking place near their destination⑮ and leave them there. ⑬return v．返回；回复；归还 return to 回到；恢复 return sth. to sb.＝give sth. back to sb.把某物归还给某人 ⑭tracking /'trækIŋ/ n．跟踪 ⑮destination /ˌdestə'neIʃən/ n．目的地；终点 1999年，“白色自行车” 回到了阿姆斯特丹，这次车上安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！要使用自行车，必须插入专用的卡片。新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。自行车要停放在专用的停车场。因此，想要使用它们的人必须把它们带到目的地附近的另一个特殊的停车场，并把它们留在那里。 Thanks to⑯ the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”，you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. ⑯thanks to幸亏，由于 由于这个提议以及众多人的努力，如20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。 Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled⑰ its way around the world and there has been a global increase in bike-sharing. ⑰pedal /'pedl/ vi.& vt.骑 n．踏板 如今，“白色自行车”的概念已经在世界范围内广泛传播，全球的共享单车都在增加。 In China, more and more cities have their own “white bike” programmes. Both the locals and⑱ tourists like to use shared bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities. However, problems can also develop, like the theft of bikes and parking issues. Fortunately⑲，people are trying different ways of solving those problems. Where will bike-sharing go in China? You decide. ⑱both...and...两个都 ⑲fortunately adv.幸运地 在中国，越来越多的城市拥有了自己的“白色自行车”计划。当地人和游客都喜欢骑共享单车，因为共享单车便宜又方便，可以节省能源、减少空气和噪声污染，使人们享受在城市里运动的益处。然而，问题也随之而来，例如自行车被盗和停放问题。幸运的是，人们正在尝试不同的方法来解决这些问题。在中国，共享单车未来会走向何方？这由你来决定。 1．Match the main ideas with the paragraphs. A．The “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam. B．The idea of “white bikes” came from a group of cycling fans in the 1960s. C．Amsterdam is called “the City of Bicycles”． D．The idea of “white bikes” has pedalled its way around the world. More and more cities have their own “white bike” programmes，especially in China. Para.1　___；Para.2　___；Para.3　___；Para.4－6　___ Part 2　语篇研析 C B A D 2．What is the text mainly about? This text is mainly about ____________________________________ in Amsterdam and its influence on the world, especially in China. the development process of “white bikes” Activity 1　细节把握 1．Amsterdam is called “the City of Bicycles” because of ________. A．the cycling fans there B．the appearance of bicycles C．the quality of bicycles D．the convenience for bicycles 答案：D 2．In the 1960s，some cycling fans hoped bikes could ________． A．help to save energy B．be specially designed C．be placed anywhere D．be painted in different colours 答案：A 3．Why did the first “white bikes” plan fail? A．People were tired of riding bikes. B．There were not enough parking places. C．Thieves took all the bikes within weeks. D．The government allowed people to drive cars freely. 答案：C 4．What do people use if they want to take a “white bike” in the city? A．A white key.　　　　　 B．A special card. C．A special computer. D．A common chip. 答案：B Activity 2　深层理解 1．Which section in a magazine is the text likely to be taken from? A．Entertainment. B．Climate. C．Environment. D．Economy. 答案：C 2．What order is the text written in? A．Places. B．The process of events. C．Feelings. D．Time. 答案：D 3．The writer’s attitude towards the “white bikes” is ________． A．supportive B．opposed C．not stated D．pessimistic 答案：A People 1.____________________ (enjoy) the benefits of cycling in Amsterdam for years. It is a good city for cycling because it is flat and therefore convenient 2._____ bikes. have been enjoying for In the 1960s，a group of cycling fans 3.______ (come) up with an idea. They believed that it would be better if cars 4.____________ (allow) in the city centre，and only bicycles were. They painted hundreds of bicycles white 5._____ placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people 6.________ (use).Wherever someone finished a journey，they would leave the bike there for someone else to use. But the problem was 7.______ thieves stole all the bicycles within weeks! came weren’t allowed and to use that In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam.The new “white bikes” were not 8.__________ (actual) white but painted in bright colours. Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people，like the 9._________ (cycle)fans of the 1960s，many people around the world have been enjoying city centre streets without cars for many years. actually cycling Nowadays，the idea has spread around the world.In China，even more 10.______ (city) have their own “white bike” programmes. However，problems can also develop. People are trying different ways to find solutions to those problems. cities 1．They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句，that引导______从句；if引导__________从句。 [自主翻译]　_____________________________________________ ____________________________ 宾语 条件状语 　 　 　 　他们认为，如果市中心不允许汽车通行，只允许自行车通行，那对每个人都更好。 2．People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. [句式分析]　此句是主从复合句，so that引导__________从句；where引导______从句，修饰the place。 [自主翻译]　_____________________________________________ _________ 目的状语 定语 　 　 　 　人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。 3．Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people，like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”，you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. [句式分析]　Thanks to...people是介词短语，在此处作______；like...the 1960s是介词短语，举例说明前面的many people；who引导______从句，修饰those。 状语 定语 [自主翻译]　_____________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ 　 　 　 　由于这个提议以及众多人的努力，如20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行车”回归的人，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A When it comes to sustainability (可持续性), Lauren Singer is the real deal.Known for her “Trash is For Tossers” blog and Package Free lifestyle shop, Singer is leading by example with a single mason jar (广口瓶) containing the only trash (垃圾) she’s collected in eight years (yes, you read that correctly).With recent money support from some companies, Singer is focused on becoming the largest producer of sustainable products in the world. It all started when Singer was studying at New York University.As an Environmental Science student, she was getting mad at a classmate for making much plastic trash, but later she found every single thing in her own fridge was in one way or another packaged in plastic.It turned out she was as bad.So, she decided to move from plastics and thought the only way was to learn how to make her own products.Then, while she was doing research online, she came across a blog called the “Zero Waste Home” started by a Californian family who live a completely zero-waste life. Her mind was completely blown.Originally, she thought she was doing the best for the planet by not using plastic.But the idea of producing no trash was so inspiring that she began her zero-waste journey and explored the possibility of living a waste-free life.She started by stopping buying packaged food and making her own products.Besides, instead of buying new clothing, she would buy things that were totally recycled, second-hand.She was also downsized—had only the things that she really needed. In 2014, Lauren Singer founded her blog, “Trash is for Tossers”， to document her waste-free journey, as well as provide easy, actionable tips and tricks to living sustainably.She is becoming increasingly popular and has even been invited to a lecture at the United Nations to promote her zero-waste lifestyle：“Refuse, Reduce, Reuse, Recycle.” By taking simple action, everyone can contribute to the environment. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了零废物活动家Lauren Singer如何开启自己零垃圾之旅并创办了“Trash is For Tossers”博客，引领人们为环境做出应有的贡献的故事。 1．What can we learn about Lauren Singer? A．She founded a blog to collect trash. B．She produced little trash in eight years. C．She prefers to keep trash in mason jars. D．She reduces the cost of sustainable products. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据首段中的“Known for her ‘Trash is For Tossers’ blog and Package Free lifestyle shop, Singer is leading by example with a single mason jar containing the only trash she’s collected in eight years (yes, you read that correctly).”可知，八年的时间里，Singer在她的广口瓶里收集着唯一的垃圾，这是让人不可思议的事情，由此可知，Singer在八年内几乎没有制造垃圾。故选B项。 2 3 1 4 2．What does paragraph 2 focus on? A．What inspired Singer’s reflection on college life. B．How Singer learned to make her own products. C．What led to Singer’s journey to zero waste. D．How Singer thought about plastic-free life. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：段落大意题。根据第二段的内容可知，本段主要介绍了是什么导致Singer开启了零垃圾之旅。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 3．What is the first step in Singer’s new lifestyle? A．Giving up plastic products. B．Buying second-hand things. C．Avoiding packaged food. D．Providing actionable recycling tips. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She started by stopping buying packaged food and making her own products.Besides, instead of buying new clothing, she would buy things that were totally recycled, second-hand.She was also downsized—had only the things that she really needed.”可知，Singer开始不再购买包装食品，而是自己制作产品，由此可知，Singer新生活方式的第一步是避免包装食品。故选C项。 2 3 1 4 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Meet Zero-Waste Activist Lauren Singer B．Gather More Support to Ensure Sustainability C．Trash is for Tossers—a Way to a Zero-Waste Life D．DIY Products—Contributions to a Better Environment 答案：A 2 3 1 4 解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段的内容以及下文中介绍的开启Lauren Singer零垃圾之旅的原因和她为展示自己零垃圾的生活方式而创建的博客“Trash is For Tossers”可知，Lauren Singer作为一个零垃圾活动家以“Trash is For Tossers”博客和免费生活方式商店而闻名，她利用自己的实际行动引领人们为环境作出贡献，所以“认识一下零垃圾活动家Lauren Singer”与本文的内容吻合，且概括了本文的主题，适合作为本文的标题。故选A项。 2 3 1 4 B Elephants’ important role in maintaining biodiversity and healthy ecosystems has earned them various names including ecosystem engineers and forest gardeners.However, African forest elephants—a species living in the rainforests of central Africa—are increasingly recognized by another name：“climate heroes”． African forest elephants help lessen climate change by increasing carbon storage in their forest habitats, meaning they help remove heat-trapping CO2 from the atmosphere.They do this by influencing the forest structure, including by increasing the diversity and abundance of plant species.It’s estimated that one forest elephant can increase the net carbon capture (捕获) capacity of the forest by almost 250 acres.This is equal to removing from the atmosphere a year’s worth of emissions (排放量) from 2，047 cars. “As strange as it seems, all that eating and destruction help the forest pull more carbon out of the air，” says Alison Pearce Stevens in the book Animal Climate Heroes！．Elephants eat more than 400 pounds of food a day, so they spend a lot of time searching for food.As they walk through the forest, they do a lot of damage to the surrounding smaller trees, leading to the survival of trees that have the ability to absorb and store more CO2. In addition, their thirst for fruits also helps to promote forest growth. This is because elephants disperse fruit seeds.In other words, the seeds pass through the elephant bodies until they drop back to the forest floor. But African forest elephants are seriously endangered and continue to face threats. These mainly come from hunting for the illegal international trade in elephant ivory (象牙), but also from habitat loss and fewer food sources. The number of forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a period of 31 years, and their habitats are thought to have reduced by 75%.Protecting forest elephants and the forests they depend on means we are safeguarding their ecological contributions that we all rely on. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了非洲森林象有助于提升森林的碳捕获能力从而减缓气候变化，被称作“气候英雄”，以及它们面临的威胁。 5．How do African forest elephants help relieve climate change? A．They increase the diversity of wildlife species. B．They help to maintain the plants of the forest. C．They take in heat-trapping CO2 from the atmosphere. D．They promote the net carbon capture ability of the forest. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“It’s estimated that one forest elephant can increase the net carbon capture capacity of the forest by almost 250 acres.”可知，非洲森林象通过提高森林的碳捕获能力来帮助减缓气候变化。故选D。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the underlined word “disperse” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Consume.　　　　　　 B．Preserve. C．Spread. D．Gather. 答案：C 5 6 7 8 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“In addition, their thirst for fruits also helps to promote forest growth.”以及下文“In other words, the seeds pass through the elephant bodies until they drop back to the forest floor.”可知，大象喜欢吃水果，而水果的种子通过大象排泄从大象体内回到森林地面，这帮助散播了水果种子，有助于促进森林的生长。故disperse 同spread “传播”的意思相近。故选C。 5 6 7 8 7．What are the threats to African forest elephants? A．Illegal hunting and habitat loss. B．The disturbed balance of the forest ecosystem. C．Natural disasters resulting from climate change. D．Competition for water sources with other animals. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“These mainly come from hunting for the illegal international trade in elephant ivory, but also from habitat loss and fewer food sources.The number of forest elephants fell by more than 86% over a period of 31 years, and their habitats are thought to have reduced by 75%.”可知，非洲森林象面临的主要威胁是非法狩猎、栖息地丧失和食物来源减少。故选A。 5 6 7 8 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Preserving Forests：Elephants’ Contribution B．New Role of African Forest Elephants：Climate Heroes C．Ivory Trade Threatens African Forest Elephants D．Forest Elephants Are Approaching the Edge of Extinction 答案：B 5 6 7 8 解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了非洲森林象通过增加森林的碳捕获能力来缓解气候变化，被称作“气候英雄”，以及非洲森林象所面临的威胁；因此，B选项“非洲森林象的新角色：气候英雄”最适合作为本文标题。故选B。 5 6 7 8 $$