U5 Period 2 Lesson 1 A Sea Story-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（北师大版）

必修第二册 UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE Period 2　Lesson 1　A Sea Story—Reading Comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　教材原文助读   A Sea Story About three years ago，something terrible① happened to me.That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul②.You think I am a very old man—but I am not.It took less than③ a single day to change my hair from black to white. ①terrible adj.可怕的，很糟的 ②body and soul 身体与灵魂 ③less than小于，少于 一个海洋的故事 大约三年前，我亲身经历了一件可怕的事。那一天，仅六个小时就把我的身体和灵魂都击垮了。你以为我是个很老的人——但我不是。不到一天的时间我的头发就由黑变白了。 One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands④ where we often risked⑤ going and got more fish than others.All at once，the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm⑥.A huge wave covered our boat and my younger brother fell into⑦ the sea.My elder brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out “Moskoe-strom！” The moment⑧ I heard the word I became very frightened⑨.I knew what he meant by that one word well enough. where引导限制性定语从句。 ④island n．岛屿 ⑤risk v．冒……的危险 n．风险；危险 ⑥storm n．暴风雨，风暴 ⑦fall into掉入；陷入 ⑧the moment一……就；立刻，马上 ⑨frightened /'fraItnd/ adj.害怕的，受惊的 有一天，我们兄弟三人从岛上回来，我们经常去那里冒险，因为那里能比别人钓到更多的鱼。突然，天空被乌云笼罩，刹那间，我们就被卷入了可怕的风暴中。一个巨浪淹没了我们的船，我弟弟掉进了海里，我哥哥把他的嘴靠近我的耳朵并喊道：“莫斯肯风暴！”我一听到这个词就变得非常害怕。我很清楚他说的那个词是什么意思。 With the wind and waves⑩，we were going in the direction⑪ of the whirlpool⑫.We were hopeless⑬.Nothing could save us.I felt sick，as if⑭ I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.We went round and round，nearer and nearer to the horrible⑮ edge of the whirlpool.It may appear⑯ strange，but at that moment，when we were on the edge⑰ of the whirlpool，I felt calmer⑱ than when we were moving towards it.I began to think how amazing⑲ a thing it was to die in such a way，and how wonderful⑳ it was to see the power of nature.Suddenly，we went over the edge.I thought my life was over.But moment after moment passed，and I was still safe. 第一个when引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是that moment；第二个when引导的是时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”；than引导的比较状语从句中省略了I was。 ⑩wave /weIv/n.海浪；波涛 ⑪direction n．方向 ⑫whirlpool /'wɜːlpuːl/n.漩涡 ⑬hopeless adj.绝望的 ⑭as if似乎，仿佛 ⑮horrible adj.可怕的，恐怖的 ⑯appear vi.出现，显得，似乎 ⑰edge /edʒ/n.边缘 ⑱calmer adj.更平静的(calm的比较级) ⑲amazing adj.令人惊奇的 ⑳wonderful adj.极好的，精彩的 随着风和浪，我们正朝着漩涡的方向前进。我们都绝望了。什么也救不了我们。我感到恶心，就像在梦里从山顶上掉下来一样。我们转了一圈又一圈，越来越接近那个可怕的漩涡的边缘。这似乎很奇怪，但就在那一刻，当我们在漩涡的边缘时，我感到比我们向它移动时更平静。我开始想，以这样的方式死去是多么奇妙的一件事啊，能够看到大自然的力量是多么美好啊。突然我们越过了边缘，我以为我的生命结束了。但是时间一分一秒地过去了，我依然很安全。 The boat was on the inside㉑ of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles at great speed.I saw clearly that there were other objects in the whirlpool—trees and barrels㉒.After a while，I became curious about㉓ the whirlpool itself.I then made three important observations㉔.The first，the larger the bodies were，the more rapidly㉕ they fell；the second，between two objects of equal extent㉖，round objects fell down more rapidly；and the third，between two objects of the same size，objects shaped㉗ like a tube fell down more slowly.So I tied㉘ myself to a barrel to help me float㉙.I tried to make my brother understand，but he was too frightened and stayed in the heavy boat.Without waiting，I jumped into the sea to try and escape㉚. ㉑inside n．里面，内部 adv.在里面 ㉒barrel /'bærəl/n.桶 ㉓be/become curious about...对……好奇 ㉔observation /ˌɒbzə'veIʃən/n.观察；观察结果 ㉕rapidly adv.很快地，迅速地 ㉖extent /Ik'stent/n.程度；范围；长度；面积 ㉗shape v．影响……的发展；使成形 ㉘tie v．系；约束 ㉙float vi.浮；漂 ㉚escape /I'skeIp/vi.& vt.逃离；逃避 船在巨大的漩涡里，我们以极快的速度绕着圈子。我清楚地看到漩涡里还有别的东西——树和桶。过了一会儿，我对漩涡本身产生了好奇。紧接着我有三个重要的发现。第一，体型越大，下落得越快；第二，在两个同样体积的物体之间，圆形物体下落的速度更快；第三，在两个相同大小的物体之间，形状像一根管子的物体下落得更慢。所以我把自己捆在一个木桶上，帮助我在水上漂浮。我努力使哥哥明白这一点，但他十分恐惧，待在沉重的船上。刻不容缓，我跳进海里设法逃生。 As you can see，the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision㉛.Some time after I left the boat，with my brother in it，it was pulled㉜ into the bottom㉝ of the whirlpool.Soon after that，the whirlpool became less wild㉞.Then the sky was clear，the wind calmer，and the moon was shining.I was still tied to the barrel and the waves soon carried me to an area where the other fishermen were.In the end，a boat picked me up㉟.I was very tired.The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise㊱ me.When I told them my story，they did not believe it.Now I have told you，and I cannot expect㊲ you to believe me any more than the fishermen did. as意为“正如”，引导非限制性定语从句；why引导定语从句，the reason是先行词。 where the other fishermen were是where引导的定语从句，修饰an area。 ㉛decision n．决定，决心 ㉜pull v．拉；牵引 ㉝bottom n．底部 ㉞wild adj.野生的；野蛮的；疯狂的 ㉟pick...up接某人；中途搭乘，搭载 ㊱recognise v．认出，辨认出 ㊲expect v．期望；预料 正如你所看到的，我在这里讲这个故事的原因是我做出了正确的决定。我离开船后的一会儿，我哥哥还在船上，船很快就被拉进了漩涡的底部。不久之后，漩涡变得不那么疯狂了。然后天空晴朗，风平浪静，月亮也明亮了。我仍然被绑在木桶上，波浪很快把我带到了一个其他渔夫待的地方。最后，一条船上的人把我救了起来。我很累。渔夫们是我的老朋友，但他们都认不出我来了。当我告诉他们我的故事时，他们不相信。现在我把我的故事已经告诉你们了，也不指望你们会比渔夫们更相信我。 Part 2　语篇研析 1．Match the main ideas with the paragraphs. Para.1　　　　 A．Story summary. Para.2-4 B．The result of the terrible thing. Para.5 C．The process of something terrible. 答案：Para.1 A；Para.2-4 C；Para.5 B 2．What is the type of the text? A．Narration (记叙文). B．Argumentative essay (议论文). C．Expository writing (说明文). D．Practical writing (应用文). 答案：A 3．What does the text mainly tell us? The text mainly tells about a sea story：Three years ago，my brothers and I went fishing together and met : the whirlpool.My brothers and I struggled ，I tied myself to a barrel，and finally，with the help of fishermen，I returned to life.I told my story to the fishermen who helped me，but they didn't believe me. a terrible thing in the fierce whirlpool Ⅰ.Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．What effect did the terrible experience have on the storyteller? _________________________________ It broke the storyteller's body and soul. 2．What made the storyteller's hair change from black to white? A．Medicine.　　　 B．Sorrow. C．Something terrible. D．The old age. 答案：C Ⅱ.Read Para. 2-4 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Complete the information in the boxes.Then add the storyteller's feelings during each situation. was covered with dark clouds covered our boat fell into the sea cried out frightened towards the direction of the whirlpool on the edge of went over the edge hopeless the huge whirlpool in circles at great speed a barrel to help me float understand too frightened to get it curious and calm 2．What does the phrase “All at once” mean in the second paragraph? A．Suddenly.　　　　　　 B．Only once. C．At one time. D．At a time. 答案：A 3．What were the three observations the storyteller made? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The three observations were: the larger objects and round objects fell into the whirlpool quicker and the tube-shaped objects fell down more slowly . 4．Why did the storyteller survive while his elder brother didn't? _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The storyteller survived because he was calm in the whirlpool and made clear observations.Based on the observations，he saved himself by tying himself to a barrel to help him float and jumped into the sea. Ⅲ.Read Para.5 carefully and do the following exercises. 1．Complete the information in the boxes.Then add the storyteller's feelings during the situation. became less wild picked me up relieved and tired 2．In what order is the story written? _____________ Time order. 3．What did the writer mean by the last sentence of the text? A．He was not sure whether the readers would believe him. B．He was sure that the readers would believe him，though the fishermen didn't. C．He was sure that the readers would believe half of his story. D．He expected the readers would believe him rather than the fishermen. 答案：A Ⅳ.Read the descriptive sentences below and tell the rhetorical devices(修辞手法) of each sentence. A.Parallelism (排比) B．Repetition (反复，叠言) C．Analogy (类比) 1．I felt sick，as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream.________ 2．We went round and round，nearer and nearer to the horrible edge of the whirlpool.________ 3．I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way，and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature.________ 4．Then the sky was clear，the wind calmer，and the moon was shining.________ C B A A Ⅴ.Discussion 1．What does the storyteller mean by “it took only six hours to break my body and soul”？(Critical thinking批判性思维) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Moskoe-strom lasted six hours.This broke his body as the storm battered him about.It broke his soul as he lost two brothers in that time.The terror of the maelstrom has had a very negative effect on his mind and body，which he doesn't think they will ever recover from. 2．What is the story trying to say about the relationship between humans and nature？(Creative thinking创造性思维) (1)____________________________________________________ (2)____________________________________________________ (3)______________________________________________________ Humans depend on nature. Human power is so small compared with nature. Humans may be destroyed by nature under certain circumstances. The storyteller experienced a Moskoe-strom 1.____________ broke his body and soul.One day，he was out 2.____________ (fish) with his two brothers when the sky suddenly clouded over and they were in 3.______ terrible storm.A huge wave 4.____________ (cover) the boat and his younger brother fell into the sea.Suddenly，the boat went over the edge of the whirlpool and they went round in 5.___________ (circle).The storyteller felt there was no escape which/that fishing a covered circles 6.____________ observed that the larger objects and round objects fell down 7.____________ (rapidly), tube-shaped objects fell down more slowly.So he tied 8.____________ (him) to a barrel to help him float.He tried to make his elder brother understand，but he was too 9.____________ (frighten) to get it.10.____________ (final)，the storyteller survived the storm. but more rapidly himself frightened Finally 1．That was the day when it took only six hours to break my body and soul. [句式分析]　此句是____________。when引导____________，修饰the day，且在从句中作____________；it作____________，动词不定式短语to break my body and soul是____________。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ 主从复合句 定语从句 时间状语 形式主语 真正的主语 那一天，仅六个小时就把我的身体和灵魂都击垮了。 2．The moment I heard the word I became very frightened. [句式分析]　此句是____________。The moment引导________________，意为：_______________，相当于as soon as/the minute/the instant/the second；frightened是形容词作____________。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ 主从复合句 时间状语从句 一……就…… 表语 我一听到这个词就变得非常害怕。 3．It may appear strange，but at that moment，when we were on the edge of the whirlpool，I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. [句式分析]　本句中but引导前后表示____________的分句。第二个分句中第一个when引导____________，修饰先行词that moment；第二个when引导_______________，意为“当……的时候”；than引导的比较状语从句中省略了I was。 转折关系 定语从句 时间状语从句 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 这似乎很奇怪，但就在那一刻，当我们在漩涡的边缘时，我感到比我们向它移动时更平静。 4．I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die in such a way，and how wonderful it was to see the power of nature. [句式分析]　此句是____________。两个how引导并列____________，在两个从句中it作____________，两个动词不定式短语作____________。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 主从复合句 宾语从句 形式主语 真正的主语 我开始想，以这样的方式死去是多么奇妙的一件事啊，能够看到大自然的力量是多么美好啊。 5．As you can see，the reason why I'm here to tell the story is that I made the right decision. [句式分析]　此句是____________。as you can see是as引导的____________________；why引导____________，修饰先行词the reason；that引导____________。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 主从复合句 非限制性定语从句 定语从句 表语从句 正如你所看到的，我在这里讲这个故事的原因是我做出了正确的决定。 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A The world is lucky when our most brilliant minds choose to work for the common good.Young Ryan Honary is among one of the brilliant minds. Shocked by the deaths in the 2018 Camp Fire, California's frightening wildfire, Honary turned his attention to how to decrease future disasters.In 2019, Honary won a $10，000 prize in the Ignite Innovation Student Challenge for his early wildfire detection (检测) network, which provides app technology for firefighters.He was only in fifth grade at the time. Turning 14 years old and going into the eighth grade this year, Honary is busy working in SensoRy AI, the company he set up.With the help of his father and a team of experts, the company has received a lot of attention. Honary started creating websites when he was in third grade.He learned Python and JavaScript in a local after-school program.At the same time, he was interested in animals and the environment.He became worried as he saw how much the environment was under pressure. When wildfires started ruining the air quality, destroying homes and killing some people, Honary thought about how AI can be used to solve environmental problems such as wildfires.In order to get data to train the machine learning models on his fire detectors, he collected real-world data from the Internet about the Camp Fire of 2018 in California.Once a fire is detected by a fire detector, the information can be sent to the app he created.Also, machine learning can be used to predict where the fires are going. Honary is hoping to attract more people from his generation to his company.He believes the environment is going to be a big responsibility for all of us. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了年轻的Ryan Honary发明了AI火灾探测器，降低了伤亡率。 2 3 1 4 1．What can be inferred from paragraph 2 and paragraph 3? A．Honary's detecting network was free. B．Honary gained many awards in 2019. C．Honary's company is facing serious challenges. D．Honary is young but makes amazing achievements. 答案：D 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“He was only in fifth grade at the time.(当时他只是在上五年级)”及第三段中“Turning 14 years old and going into the eighth grade this year, Honary is busy working in SensoRy AI, the company he set up.”可推知，Honary很年轻，但取得了惊人的成就。故选D。 2 3 1 4 2．Why did Honary invent the detector? A．To make a fortune. B．To enlarge his company. C．To save firefighters. D．To reduce wildfire disasters. 答案：D 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Shocked by the deaths in the 2018 Camp Fire, California's frightening wildfire, Honary turned his attention to how to decrease future disasters.”可知，Honary发明了探测器是为了减少野火灾害。故选D。 2 3 1 4 3．How did Honary train the machine learning models on detectors? A．By creating websites. B．By collecting data. C．By taking an after-school program. D．By sending information to the app. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第五段中“In order to get data to train the machine learning models on his fire detectors, he collected real-world data from the Internet about the Camp Fire of 2018 in California.”可知，Honary通过收集数据在检测器上训练机器学习模型。故选B。 2 3 1 4 4．Which of the following can best describe Honary? A．Gifted and humorous.　 B．Curious and confident. C．Creative and responsible. D．Friendly and intelligent. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In 2019, Honary won a $10，000 prize in the Ignite Innovation Student Challenge for his early wildfire detection network, which provides app technology for firefighters.”以及最后一段“Honary is hoping to attract more people from his generation to his company.He believes the environment is going to be a big responsibility for all of us.”可推知，Honary有创造力和责任心。故选C。 2 3 1 4 B A volcanic eruption (火山喷发) created a new but possibly changeable island in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean.An underwater volcano next to the Kingdom of Tonga erupted in early September, causing lava (岩浆) to rise to the surface.The steam (蒸汽) and water out of it then formed into a new land mass, measuring at over eight acres. The Home Reef seamount is the place where the volcano erupted in 2022.NASA's Earth Observatory noted that it took about eleven hours for the land mass to rise out of the water.The agency published an image that has spread on social media that shows the size of the new unnamed island. Over the weekend, the Tonga Geological Services stated the island was about 8.6 acres and measured about 50 feet above sea level.While volcanic activities continued to plague the Home Reef, only a couple of neighboring the Tonga islands were at low risk.“All sailors are, however, advised to sail beyond 4 kilometers away from Home Reef until further notice，” officials with the Tonga Geological Services noted in a statement. Underwater volcanic eruptions near Tonga that led to new islands，although uncommon, have happened a few times over the last two centuries, including in 1852, 1857, 1984 and 2006.However, NASA's Earth Observatory showed that many of these volcanic islands existed only for a few months or years. “Islands created by undersea volcanoes often last only for a short time, though very few sometimes last for years.Home Reef has had four recorded periods of eruptions, including events in 1852 and 1857，” the agency noted.“An island created by a 12-day eruption from nearby Late'iki volcano in 2020 was washed away after two months, while an earlier island created in 1995 by the same volcano remained for 25 years.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一次火山喷发在南太平洋中部形成的一个岛屿。 5 6 7 8 5．What's the main idea of paragraph 1? A．How the lava rose to the surface. B．How an unnamed island formed. C．Why an unnamed island disappeared. D．Why an underwater volcano erupted. 答案：B 段落大意题。第一段主要讲述了一个未命名的岛屿是如何形成的。故选B。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the underlined word “plague” mean in paragraph 3? A．Change.　　　　　　 B．Trouble. C．Control. D．Measure. 答案：B 5 6 7 8 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“only a couple of neighboring the Tonga islands were at low risk(但只有几个邻近的汤加岛屿处于低风险状态)”可知，画线词所在句与下文是转折关系，由此推测画线词所在句意为“虽然火山活动继续困扰着霍姆暗礁”，plague意为“困扰”，故选B。 5 6 7 8 7．Which of the following best describes the islands created by undersea volcanoes? A．Short-lived. B．Common. C．Fast-growing. D．Huge. 答案：A 5 6 7 8 推理判断题。根据第四段中“However, NASA's Earth Observatory showed that many of these volcanic islands existed only for a few months or years.”和第五段中“Islands created by undersea volcanoes often last only for a short time, though very few sometimes last for years.”可知，海底火山形成的岛屿存在时间很短，故选A。 5 6 7 8 8．What is the best title for the text? A．Tonga Islands Are at Risk B．A Underwater Volcano Creates a New Island in the Pacific C．NASA Made New Discoveries In the Pacific D．Volcanic Eruption Ruins Neighboring Tonga Islands 答案：B 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。根据全文内容并结合第一段中“A volcanic eruption created a new but possibly changeable island in the middle of the South Pacific Ocean.”可知，文章主要介绍了一次火山喷发在南太平洋中部形成的一个岛屿，B项“一个海底火山在太平洋形成了一个新的岛屿”为最佳标题。故选B。 5 6 7 8 $$