U4 Period 4 Lesson 3 Internet and Friendships-【优化探究】2025-2026学年新教材高中英语必修第二册同步导学案配套PPT课件（北师大版）

必修第二册 UNIT 4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Period 4　Lesson 3　Internet and Friendships—Reading Comprehension 内容索引 NEIRONGSUOYIN 课时作业 巩固提升 Part 1　教材原文助读   Robert： The Internet Harms① Friendships While② the Internet can bring people closer③ together，it can also harm friendships. ①harm /hɑːm/vt.& n．伤害，损害 ②while conj.虽然，尽管 ③closer adj.靠近的 罗伯特： 　　 网络伤害友谊 虽然互联网可以使人们更紧密地团结在一起，但它也可能损害友谊。 Firstly，talking online is no replacement④ for face-to-face⑤ contact⑥—images really cannot replace⑦ a real-life⑧ smile or hug⑨.According to⑩ a parenting expert⑪，Denise Daniels，communicating⑫ through a screen⑬ makes it more difficult for children to concentrate⑭ or show kindness to others.As we know，important social skills⑮ are developed⑯ through direct contact with other people.It is these skills that enable⑰ us to develop lifelong⑱ friendships. according to是介词词组作状语；communicating through a screen是动名词短语作主语；it作形式宾语代替后面的不定式复合结构for children to concentrate...。 该句是强调句型“It is＋被强调部分＋that...”。 ④replacement n．替换；替代者 ⑤face-to-face adj.面对面的，当面的 ⑥contact n．接触，联系 ⑦replace/rI'pleIs/ vt.取代；接替 ⑧real-life adj.现实的，实在的 ⑨hug /hʌɡ/n.& vt.拥抱；紧抱 ⑩according to根据，按照 ⑪parenting expert育儿专家 ⑫communicate v．沟通；交流 ⑬screen n．屏幕 ⑭concentrate /'kɒnsəntreIt/vi.专注，专心；集中注意力 ⑮social skill社会技能 ⑯develop v．开发；发展；使显影 ⑰enable v．使能够 ⑱lifelong adj.终身的 首先，在网上聊天并不能替代面对面的接触——图像真的无法取代现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕进行交流会让孩子们更难集中注意力或向他人表达善意。众所周知，重要的社交技能是通过与他人的直接接触而培养出来的。正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。 Secondly，the Internet can make people self-centred⑲—not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves.For example，instead of⑳ having proper conversations with their friends，some people are only concerned with㉑ their online popularity㉒—How many “likes” did I get? How many followers㉓ do I have？—though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare㉔ to having long-term㉕ and rewarding㉖ friendships.In addition㉗，a lot of the content㉘ posted㉙ on social media is shallow㉚ or trivial㉛.Posts about funny cat images do not necessarily㉜ help form meaningful㉝ relationships㉞. 该句中的self-centred作宾语people的补足语。not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves中含有not...but...意为“不是……而是……”。 ⑲self-centred adj.以自我为中心的 ⑳instead of而不是，代替 ㉑be concerned with关心…… ㉒popularity n．流行；普及 ㉓follower n．追随者 ㉔compare v．比较 ㉕long-term adj.长期的 ㉖rewarding /rI'wɔːdIŋ/adj.有益的；有意义的 ㉗in addition除此之外 ㉘content /'kɒntent/n.内容 ㉙post v．发帖 n．帖子 ㉚shallow /'ʃæləʊ/adj.浅薄的，肤浅的 ㉛trivial /'trIviəl/adj.微不足道的；没有什么价值的 ㉜not necessarily不见得，未必 ㉝meaningful adj.有意义的，意味深长的 ㉞relationship n．关系，人际关系 其次，互联网会使人们变得以自我为中心——只关注自己，不关注任何人或事。例如，一些人不再和朋友好好地交谈了，他们只关心自己网上的人气——我得了多少个“赞”？我有多少粉丝？——尽管我们知道“赞”或粉丝的数量无法与拥有长期且有益的友谊相比。此外，社交媒体上发布的很多内容都是肤浅或琐碎的。发布有趣的猫咪图片并不一定有助于建立有意义的关系。 Thirdly，online relationships may not be what they appear to be㉟.Friendships are built on the basis㊱ of trust㊲，and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest㊳ about who they are.Because of this，going online can be particularly㊴ dangerous for people who are easily influenced㊵ or too trusting. are built是被动语态；with结构是伴随状语；sure后的that引导宾语从句；who引导宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。 ㉟appear to be好像是，仿佛 ㊱basis /'beIsIs/n.基础；基点 ㊲trust n．& vt.信任，信赖 ㊳honest adj.诚实的，可靠的 ㊴particularly adv.特别 ㊵influence v. & n．影响 第三，网络关系可能不像表面上看起来的那样。友谊是建立在信任的基础上的，通过在线交流，你绝不能百分之百地确定与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。因此，对于那些容易受影响或过于信任别人的人来说，上网可能是特别危险的。 In my opinion，friends should focus㊶ more on face-to-face communication，and less on online communication.This is the best way to maintain㊷ healthy relationships. ㊶focus /'fəʊkəs/vi.& vt.集中(注意力) n．焦点 ㊷maintain /meIn'teIn/vt.维持；保持 在我看来，朋友应该更多地关注面对面的交流，而不是在线交流。这是保持健康关系的最好方法。 Cathy's Blog： The Internet Helps Friendships The Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. Firstly, the Internet makes communication much more convenient①.You can stay in touch② with friends no matter where③ you are or what you are doing. Using a smartphone, a tablet④ or a computer, you can be in contact at home and also when you are on the move. no matter where you are or what you are doing是让步状语从句。 ①convenient adj.方便的 ②stay in touch保持联系 ③no matter where无论在哪里 ④tablet/'tæblIt/n.平板电脑；药片；碑，牌 凯茜的微博： 网络有助于友谊 互联网可以在很多方面帮助发展友谊。 首先，互联网使交流更加方便。无论你在哪里，又或者在做什么，你都可以和朋友们保持联系。使用智能手机，平板或电脑，你可以在家里和在移动的时候保持联系。 Secondly, the Internet has also made communication more fun⑤.Traditional⑥ ways of communicating, like letters and phone calls, can be limiting⑦ and take time. However, you can share photos, videos, news stories and websites⑧ with your friends online. You can give a brief⑨ response⑩ to a message with an emoji⑪ or a picture. There are so many online tools⑫ you can use to be creative⑬！ ⑤fun adj.有趣的 ⑥traditional adj.传统的 ⑦limiting /'lImItIŋ/adj.局限的，限制性的 ⑧website n．网站 ⑨brief /briːf/adj.简洁的，简明的 ⑩response n．回答，回应 ⑪emoji/I'məʊdʒi/n.表情符号 ⑫tool n．工具 ⑬creative /kri'eItIv/adj.创造性的，创作的 其次，互联网也使交流变得更加有趣。传统的通信方式，如信件和电话，可能会受到限制，而且需要时间。然而，你可以和你的朋友在网上分享照片、视频、新闻故事和网站。你可以用表情符号或图片信息做出简短的回应。想来点儿创意，网上有这么多的在线工具供你使用！ Thirdly, online communication can actually⑭ bring people closer to each other.Nowadays⑮， your friends are just a click⑯ away. Whenever someone needs help，friends from all over the world can immediately⑰ provide⑱ useful suggestions⑲ or information. This makes friends feel loved and cared for. To me, this is a very thought-provoking⑳ argument, as it points out㉑ the benefits㉒ of online friendships.As Eileen Kennedy-Moore, an authority㉓ on the subject, points out, online friends “fill holes real-life friends can't”. whenever引导让步状语从句。 第一个as意为“因为”，第二个as意为“正如”；an authority on the subject是Eileen Kennedy-Moore的同位语。 ⑭actually adv.实际上，事实上 ⑮nowadays adv.现在，当今，时下 ⑯click n．单击；咔嗒声 ⑰immediately adv.立即，马上 ⑱provide v．提供，供应 ⑲suggestion n．建议 ⑳thought-provoking adj.发人深省的，令人深思的 ㉑point out指出 ㉒benefit n．利益，实惠，福利 ㉓authority /ɔː'θɒrəti/n.权威人士；专家 第三，在线交流实际上可以使人们彼此更接近。现在，你的朋友就在弹指间。每当有人需要帮助，来自世界各地的朋友可以立即提供有用的建议或信息。这使朋友们感到被爱和关心。对我来说，这是一个非常发人深省的论点，因为它指出了线上友谊的优势。就像这一领域的权威人士艾琳·肯尼迪-摩尔所指出的一样，网络朋友“填补了现实生活中的朋友无法填补的空白”。 Finally, I believe the Internet brings people closer together and makes communication with friends more convenient and interesting. 最后，我相信互联网使人们更加紧密地联系在一起，与朋友的交流也更加方便和有趣。 Part 2　语篇研析 1．Match the main ideas with the paragraphs of the two blogs. (1)Blog Post One： Para.2　A．Online relationships may not be what they appear to be. Para.3 B．Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact. Para.4 C．The Internet can make people self-centred. 答案：Para.2 B；Para.3 C；Para.4 A (2)Blog Post Two： Para.2 A．The Internet has also made communication more fun. Para.3 B．Online communication can actually bring people closer to each other. Para.4 C．The Internet makes communication much more convenient. 答案：Para.2 C；Para.3 A；Para.4 B 2．What's the main idea of the whole text? A．Communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate. B．Online communication makes people's life easier. C．The Internet has both good and bad effects on friendships. D．People have an objective attitude towards the Internet. 答案：C Activity 1　细节把握 1．What enables us to develop lifelong friendships? A．Communicating through a screen. B．Social skills developed through direct contact. C．Talking online. D．Advice from some parenting experts. 答案：B 2．Friendships are built on ． A．the basis of trust　　　　 B．online communication C．online popularity D．the number of “likes” A 3．The Internet can develop friendships through the following EXCEPT ． A．making communication more fun B．bringing people closer to each other C．making communication much more convenient D．spending too much time on the Internet D 4．Which one is a traditional way of communicating? A．A smartphone.　　　 B．A computer. C．A phone call. D．A tablet. 答案：C Activity 2　深层理解 1．What does the sentence in Robert's post “online relationships may not be what they appear to be” mean? A．Online talking is not as meaningful as communication in reality. B．Online communication is not important to develop social skills. C．Some opinions posted online are quite shallow. D．The people you are chatting to may be dishonest about who they are. 答案：D 2．Why are photos，videos，news stories and websites mentioned in Cathy's post? A．To prove that online communication is very convenient. B．To prove that online communication is more fun. C．To prove that online communication can make people closer. D.To prove that online communication can provide useful suggestions. 答案：B 3．What's the structure of the two blogs? 答案：A There are two blog posts about two different attitudes towards the Internet and friendships.One is from Robert，who holds the view that 1._____ the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also be 2.__________(harm) to friendships.Because 3.___________ (talk) online can't replace face-to-face contact，through 4.______ important social skills are developed.He also thinks that the Internet can make people think of only 5.____________ (they).In addition, a lot of the content 6.__________ (post) on social media is shallow or trivial.Last, while harmful talking which themselves posted online relationships may not be 7.___________ they appear to be.The people you are chatting to may be dishonest about who they are.So it is particularly dangerous for those who 8.____________ (influence) easily or too trusting.However, the post from Cathy doesn't subscribe 9._______ his opinion.As far as she is concerned, the Internet makes communication much more convenient and fun.Besides, online communication can actually bring people closer to each other.Whenever someone needs help，friends can immediately provide useful 10._______________(recommend) or information. what are influenced to recommendations 1．While the Internet can bring people closer together，it can also harm friendships. [句式分析]　此句为____________，其中while引导的是__________________，表示“____________”。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 主从复合句 让步状语从句 尽管，虽然 虽然互联网可以使人们更紧密地团结在一起，但它也可能损害友谊。 2．According to a parenting expert，Denise Daniels，communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. [句式分析]　此句为简单句，communicating through a screen作____________，it是____________，真正的宾语是for children to concentrate or show kindness to others。 主语 形式宾语 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法，通过屏幕进行交流会让孩子们更难集中注意力或向他人表达善意。 3．It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships. [句式分析]　本句为强调句句型，其结构为______________________________，被强调部分为__________________。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ it is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who... these skills 正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。 4．Friendships are built on the basis of trust，and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. [句式分析]　此句为复合句，____________连接两个并列分句。在后面的分句中，that引导____________； you are chatting to为省略关系代词that或who的____________，修饰先行词______________；who在介词about后面引导____________，且在从句中作____________。 and 宾语从句 定语从句 the people 宾语从句 表语 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 友谊是建立在信任的基础上的，通过在线交流，你绝不能百分之百地确定与你交谈的人是否以诚相待。 5．Because of this，going online can be particularly dangerous for people who are easily influenced or too trusting. [句式分析]　本句中because of this是介词短语作状语；who引导____________，修饰先行词 ____________。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 定语从句 people 因此，对于那些容易受影响或过于信任别人的人来说，上网可能是特别危险的。 6．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are or what you are doing. [句式分析]　此句为____________。其中no matter where/what引导________________。 [自主翻译]　 ___________________________________________ ________________________________________________________ 主从复合句 让步状语从句 无论你在哪里，又或者在做什么，你都可以和朋友们保持联系。 课时作业 巩固提升 阅读理解 A Kim Stemple found herself in a Boston hospital being treated for one of several diseases she had been identified with. The normally high-spirited Stemple was naturally getting very depressed. And then a friend who had just finished a half marathon gave her a medal and hoped it would give a positive message. Before she got too sick to exercise, Stemple had been a marathon runner, an experience she'd always miss. After Stemple hung the medal above her hospital bed, other patients said they wanted medals too. That got Stemple thinking, “A medal can act as a kind of pick-me-up.” And so was born her charity—We Finish Together, which gathers medals from strangers in different fields—runners, dancers, swimmers, and even spelling bee winners—and donates them to sorts of people in need. Receivers have included hospital patients and residents of homeless shelters. Part of the process involves the donor writing a personalized note. “This gives them a connection to someone，” says Stemple. Can a simple medal really make a difference? “Yes，” says Joan Musarra. “I opened my package containing a new medal and a note of positive, warm thoughts. I was amazed，” she wrote to Stemple. “At that moment, I was sitting on my couch breathing through an oxygen cannula (插管). It seemed that someone was holding my hand.” “I had the privilege of meeting Kim when in Washington, D．C.for the Rock ‘n’ Roll Half Marathon. We chatted about life, sharing stories and of course we talked about her organization，” says Keri, a runner. “Kim talks little about herself and doesn't want the organization or stories to be about her, but rather, about all the wonderful people involved.” [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。金姆·斯坦普尔之前是一名马拉松运动员，生病后得到朋友赠送的奖牌，并受此启发成立了一个名为“We Finish Together”的慈善机构，此机构通过收集并赠送奖牌的方式，激励和帮助了很多身处逆境的人。 2 3 1 4 1．Why did Stemple feel down? A．Because she missed the old days. B．Because she couldn't attend the marathon. C．Because she failed to win a medal. D．Because she was seriously ill in hospital. 答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段前两句可知，金姆·斯坦普尔被诊断出一些疾病，她正在波士顿一家医院接受治疗，因此她变得很沮丧。 2 3 1 4 2．What is the purpose of We Finish Together? A．To raise money for those in need. B．To catch attention to helpless patients. C．To lift up people in poor conditions. D．To collect medals from different fields. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“A medal can act as a kind of pick-me-up.”及“gathers medals from strangers in different fields...to sorts of people in need”可知，该慈善机构通过向不同领域的陌生人收集奖牌并赠送给有需要的人，给他们鼓励。 2 3 1 4 3．What does the medal mean to Musarra? A．It encourages her to forget pain. B．It brings her support and love. C．It allows her to make more friends. D．It helps her make a big change. 答案：B 2 3 1 4 细节理解题。根据第三段中穆萨拉所说的话可知，奖牌给她带来了支持和关爱。 2 3 1 4 4．Which of the following can best describe Stemple? A．Caring and courageous. B．Dependable and determined. C．Helpful and modest. D．Selfless and strong. 答案：C 2 3 1 4 推理判断题。通读全文可知，金姆·斯坦普尔为帮助有需要的人成立了一个慈善机构，由此可推知，她是乐于助人的；再根据最后一段最后一句可知，她为人很谦逊。 2 3 1 4 B For lots of kids, toddlerhood (幼儿期) is an important time for friendship.Studies show that the earlier kids learn to form positive relationships, the better they are at relating to others as teenagers and adults.Playing together also helps these kids practice social behaviors, such as kindness, sharing and cooperation. Even so, how quickly your child develops into a social creature may also depend on his temperament (性格).Some toddlers are very social, but others are shy.In addition, the way that toddlers demonstrate that they like other children is markedly different from what adults think of as expressions of friendship.Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying “I like you” during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior. This seemingly unusual way of demonstrating fondness can result in unpleasant behavior.Regardless of how much they like a playmate, they may still grab his toys, refuse to share, and get bossy.But experts say that this is a normal and necessary part of friendship for kids this age.Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules.That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them. Begin by helping your child learn sympathy (“Ben is crying.What's making him so sad？”), then suggest how he could resolve the problem (“Maybe he would feel better if you let him play the ball.”).When your child shares or shows empathy toward a friend, praise him (“Ben stopped crying! You made him feel better.”). Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words—not fists—to express how they feel.It's also important to be mindful of how your child's personality affects playtime.Kids are easy to get angry when they're sleepy or hungry, so schedule playtime when they're refreshed. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了幼儿时期友谊对儿童社交能力发展的重要性，并探讨了幼儿表达友谊的方式和可能出现的问题。同时，文章还提供了一些建议和方法，帮助家长在幼儿社交互动中发挥积极作用，培养他们的同情心和表达能力，学会发展友谊。 5 6 7 8 5．What does it indicate when toddlers copy their playmates' behavior? A．They are interested in acting. B．They are shy with the strangers. C．They are fond of their playmates. D．They are tired of playing games. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Research at Ohio State University in Columbus found that a toddler's way of saying ‘I like you’ during play is likely to come in the form of copying a friend's behavior.”可知，蹒跚学步的孩子模仿朋友的行为说明他们喜欢玩伴，故选C项。 5 6 7 8 6．What does the author suggest parents do for their kids? A．Design games for them. B．Find them suitable playmates. C．Play together with them. D．Help them understand social rules. 答案：D 5 6 7 8 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Through play experiences, toddlers learn social rules.That's why it's so important to take an active role in your toddler's social encounters by setting limits and offering frequent reminders of what they are.When you establish these guidelines, explain the reasons behind them.”可知，作者建议家长在孩子的社交生活中设定限制，并且经常提醒孩子们这些限制，也就是社交规则，帮助孩子理解社交规则，故选D项。 5 6 7 8 7．What is the function of the quoted statements in paragraph 4? A．Giving examples.　　　 B．Explaining concepts. C．Providing evidence. D．Making comparisons. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容可知，这些引用是通过举例说明这两个建议：帮助孩子学会同情并解决问题，故选A项。 5 6 7 8 8．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．How Children Adapt to Changes B．How to Be a Role Model for Children C．How Your Baby Learns to Love D．How to Communicate with Your Kid 答案：C 5 6 7 8 标题归纳题。根据第一段以及最后一段中的“Another way to encourage healthy social interaction is by encouraging kids to use words—not fists—to express how they feel.”可知，本文主要讲的是家长如何帮助孩子学会爱，学会发展友谊，故选C项。 5 6 7 8 $$