(精讲册)13 专题六 介词（课件PPT）-【练客中考】2025年甘肃中考英语提优方案（冀教版）

英语 冀教版 2025甘肃 精讲册 1 专题六 介 词 （兰州：6年12考；省卷：6年25考） 2 1 思维导图串考点 2 核心考点精讲练 3 01 思维导图串考点 4 返回目录 5 02 核心考点精讲练 6 命题点 1 介词的基本用法（兰州：6年4考；省卷：6年13考） 考向 1 时间介词（兰州：2024.1；省卷：6年3考） 介词 用法 示例 on ①用在具体的某一天或特定 某一天的上午/下午/晚上前 on June 1st on a cold winter morning ②用在星期、节日前 on Saturday on Children's Day 返回目录 7 介词 用法 示例 in ①用在某个世纪、年份、月 份、季节或泛指的上午、下 午或晚上前 in the 21st century in the 1980s in 2022 in July in spring in the morning/afternoon/evening ②“in+一段时间”表示在一段 时间之后，用于将来时 in a few days 返回目录 8 介词 用法 示例 at ①用在具体的时刻或正午、黎明、黄昏、午夜前 at 8：00 at noon at midnight ②用于年龄前 at the age of 15 during 在……期间 during the summer holiday 返回目录 9 介词 用法 示例 after ①用于将来时，表示“…… 之后”，后接时间点 The room will be empty after seven o'clock. ②用于过去时，表示“…… 之后”，后接以过去为起点 的时间段 Uncle Tom graduated from his college after 3 years. before 表示“在……之前”，后接时间点 She must finish all the work before ten o'clock. 返回目录 10 介词 用法 示例 since 后接表示过去的时间点，或 表示过去时间点的时间状语 从句，常用于现在完成时中 Mr. Li has taught math in this school since 2003. for 后接时间段，表示动作的延 续，主句常用现在完成时或 一般过去时 We haven't seen each other for years. 返回目录 11 介词 用法 示例 until/ till “到……时；直到……为 止”，后接时间点，表示动 作持续到某一时间结束，常 用“not…until…”，表示“直 到……才……” They must practice playing the piano until/till 10 o'clock. The boys didn't go to bed until 12 o'clock last night. 返回目录 12 介词 用法 示例 by by+时间点，表示“不迟 于……（not later than）”，后接表过去的时 间，则用于过去完成时；后 接表将来的时间，则用于一 般将来时 They had seen 4 English films by the end of last week. from 表示开始时间 From now on, I will exercise every day. 返回目录 13 考向 2 地点、方位介词（兰州：6年2考；省卷：6年7考） 1.on, in, at与to 介词 含义及用法 示例 on 表示“在……（的表面）上” （即：_______） on the desk on the wall 表示A地位于B地的外部且 接壤 （即：_______________） Hunan Province lies on the west of Jiangxi Province. （湖南省同江西省 接壤） 返回目录 14 介词 含义及用法 示例 in 表示“在 （大地方）”“在……内部” 或“在……范围之内” （即：_______） in China in the north in the box 表示A地属于B地 （即：_______________） Taiwan lies in the southeast of China. （台湾是中国的一部分） at 表示“在（小地方）”或 “在……附近，旁边” （即：__________） at the door at the airport at the station at Park Street 返回目录 15 介词 含义及用法 示例 to 表示“到……” This road leads to London. 表示“在……范围之外”，即 A、B两地不接壤 （即：_________________） Japan lies to the east of China. （日本在中国的范围之外,且和中国不 接壤） 返回目录 16 2.over, under, above与below 介词 含义及用法 示例 over “在……正上方”，表示两者不接触 We can build a bridge over the river. under “在……正下方”，表示两者不接触 My cat is lying under the chair. above “在……上方”，表示两者不接触， 不一定垂直 The plane is flying above the clouds. below “在……下方”，表示两者不接触， 不一定垂直 The coat reaches below the knees. 返回目录 17 3.across, through, over与past 详见本书P16 返回目录 18 4.其他常见方位介词 介词 用法 示例 around 绕着 The nurse put a screen around the bed. 四处，在……周围 I went out and had a walk around. along 顺着；沿着…… They walked back along the riverside. outside 在……外面 The car was still outside the building. inside 在……里面 There was a telephone inside the office. behind 在……后面 Li Lei is behind the door. 返回目录 19 介词 用法 示例 beside 在……旁边 Come and sit beside me. into 到……里面，进入 Come into the house. near 在……附近 My home is near the school. opposite 与……相对；在……对 面 Their house is almost opposite ours. 返回目录 20 考向 3 方式介词 介词 用法 示例 by by+表示交通工具的单数名词，且名词 前不加任何修饰词 by plane by bus by subway “by+名词/动名词”表示凭借工具或手段 by hand by selling flowers in in+封闭的交通工具，且名词前有限定 词 Alan goes to work in his sister's car. in+某种材料/语言/声音等 in English 返回目录 21 介词 用法 示例 on on+开放型或大型交通工具，且名词前 有限定词；固定搭配除外，如on foot My father goes to work on a bus every morning. 表示通过网络、电话、收音机、电视等 They talked on the phone and made a deal. with 表示“用；以；借助于”，其后常接具体 的工具 I wrote the letter with a pen. 返回目录 22 考向 4 其他介词（兰州：2019.75；省卷：6年3考） 介词 含义及用法 示例 about 关于（某人或某事） At the museum, I learned a lot about robots. 大约；此处当副词讲，后接 数词 There are about six books in my bag. across 在……对面 There is a big park across from the supermarket. 在……各处；遍及 across the world 返回目录 23 介词 含义及用法 示例 against 反对，违反；倚，靠 No shouting, please!It's against the rules. 与……比赛 I am in our school team and we are going to play against another school next week. as 作为；以……身份 She works as a teacher. 像，如同，跟……一样 He speaks English as an Englishman. 返回目录 24 介词 含义及用法 示例 except 除了……之外（没有），不 包括后面所提到的人或物 Everyone is very happy except Tina. besides “除……之外，还有……”,包 括besides后面提到的人或物 Besides Beijing, I have been to Shanghai. for 因为，由于 Thank you for helping me. 为了（表目的） What can I do for you? 给……（对象、用途等） I'm writing a poem for Grandma. 返回目录 25 介词 含义及用法 示例 like 相似，类似，像 She was like a princess in a fairy tale. 例如，比如 Jane likes many sports, like running and swimming. 像……一样 Let me talk to you like a teacher. under 低于，少于，在……以下 （表示数量、年龄等） Children under 5 can travel half fare. 返回目录 26 介词 含义及用法 示例 through 通过；以，凭借；贯穿；自始至终 Go through this gate， and you'll see the house on your left. The children are too young to sit through a concert. You can only achieve success through hard work. 返回目录 27 介词 含义及用法 示例 with 和……在一起，和，同 She came to school with her classmates. 有，具有 There is a girl with a red hat under the tree. 随着，由于 With the development of society, people pay more attention to their health. 返回目录 28 介词 含义及用法 示例 without 没有，缺乏 He found the place without any difficulty. 不和……在一起；无……相伴 Don't go swimming without your parents! 不（做某事），无 He left without saying anything. among 在……之间（三者及三者以上） The woman who is standing among the students is Lily's mother. 返回目录 29 介词 含义及用法 示例 between 在……之间（两者）；常用词组：between…and… I will be back between five and six. towards 朝；向；对着 She fell back towards the end of the race. 返回目录 30 Ⅰ.语法与情景对话 1.（2019兰州35）Tom watched the World Cup___ 11:30 last night. A.when B.unless C.until D.as soon as 2.（2019省卷Ⅱ.17）I'm going out. I'll be back___ an hour. A.at B.on C.in D.from 3.Many thanks ___ giving us so much useful advice on how to learn English grammar well. A.in B.of C.for D.with √ √ √ 返回目录 31 4.The sunshine gets into the room ___ the window, making the room so warm. A.between B.across C.over D.through 5.Do whatever you can for the community, ___ looking after the old or teaching kids art. A.with B.under C.like D.over 6.When the little boy saw his mother, he ran ___ her with joy. A.against B.towards C.past D.into √ √ √ 返回目录 32 7.Our country was rather weak 100 years ago but now it's ___ the strongest countries of the world. A.among B.including C.above D.between 8.—When will your father come back from Beijing, Jenny? —___ Saturday afternoon, then you can have a talk with him face to face. A.In B.At C.On D.For √ √ 返回目录 33 命题点 2 介词短语及固定搭配（兰州：6年8考；省卷：6年12考） 考向 1 介词+名词（兰州：6年2考；省卷：6年4考） （1）at短语 at home 在家里 at work 在工作 at night 在晚上 at present 目前;现在 at the same time 同时 at the moment 在此刻 at least 至少 at breakfast 早餐时 返回目录 34 （2）in短语 in a hurry 匆忙 in order to 以便，为了 in agreement 达成一致 in need 处于危难中 in person 亲自 in return 作为回报 in hospital 住院 in the end 最后 in order 井井有条，按顺序 返回目录 35 in time 及时 in fact 事实上 in danger 处于危险中 in one's way 挡住某人的路 in some ways 在某种程度上 in the beginning 开始;起初;在开始的时候 返回目录 36 （3）on短语 on fire 着火 on the way 在路上 on Sunday 在星期天 on business 出差 on duty 值日 on foot 步行 on time 准时 on holiday 在休假 on the other hand 另一方面 on sale 在出售;减价出售 on one's way to… 在某人去……的路上 返回目录 37 （4）by短语 by the way 顺便说一下 by accident 偶然地 by hand 手工 by oneself 独自 by the time 到……的时候 by mistake 错误地 by the end of 到……为止 返回目录 38 考向 2 其他常见介词相关搭配（兰州：6年2考；省卷：6年2考） across from 在……的对面 after a while 过了一会儿 after all 毕竟 after breakfast 早饭后 according to 根据 as usual 像往常一样 be away from 远离 because of 因为 返回目录 39 between…and… 在……和……之间 out of breath 上气不接下气 out of control 失控 such as 例如 to one's surprise 令某人吃惊的是 with the help of sb. 在某人的帮助下 返回目录 40 考向 3 介词与形容词的搭配（兰州：6年2考；省卷：6年2考） 介词与形容词的搭配详见本书P110“命题点1 形容词的用法及辨析 考 向3 形容词短语辨析”。 考向 4 介词与动词的搭配（兰州：6年2考；省卷：6年4考） “介词与动词的搭配”详见本书P90“命题点2 动词短语 考向1 同一介 词/副词型”。 返回目录 41 Ⅰ.语法与情景对话 9.（2021省卷Ⅱ.7）We left ___ such a hurry that we forgot our tickets. A.on B.for C.to D.in 10.（2020兰州27）We are looking forward ___ the summer holiday. A.in B.for C.at D.to 11.I met a stranger who was helping save an old lady ___ my way home yesterday. A.in B.at C.by D.on √ √ √ 返回目录 42 12.—___ be honest, volunteering is both a chance to help others and a good way to develop ourselves. —I can't agree more. A.As B.In C.To D.Of 13.I think successful learners have one thing ___ common—they put their time to good use. A.on B.at C.in D.as √ √ 返回目录 43 14.My hometown, Kunming, is famous ___ fresh flowers. No matter when you visit it, they will catch your eyes. A.as B.for C.of D.by 15.My mother often says，“Stand tall like the sunflower and be proud ___ who you are.” A.of B.with C.at D.in 16.The paper is made ___ wood, so saving paper means protecting trees. A.from B.of C.by D.for √ √ √ 返回目录 44 Ⅱ.语法与情景对话 17.（2021省卷Ⅷ.1）书店在超市的对面。 The bookstore is _______ ______ the supermarket. across from 18.（2021省卷Ⅷ.4）这个航班因恶劣天气延误了。 The flight was delayed ________ ___ the bad weather. because of 19.（2019省卷Ⅷ.2）丝绸之路是中西文化间的桥梁。 The Silk Road is a bridge of cultures _________ East _____ West. between and 返回目录 45 20.我现在每天至少读半小时英语。 Now I read English for ___ ______ half an hour every day. at least 21.根据交通规则，你的车是不可以停靠在这里的。 ___________ ___ the traffic rules, your car mustn't be parked here. According to 22.不要打架。毕竟，你们是好朋友。 Don't fight. ______ ____, you are good friends. After all 返回目录 46 Ⅲ.任务型完形填空微语篇 after, of, for, in, at, from, with, between In ancient China, there was a man named Zengzi. His teacher was Confucius. He learned a lot 23.______ Confucius at school. from 返回目录 47 One Sunday morning, Zengzi's wife wanted to go to the market to buy something. Her son also wanted to go 24.______ her. To make him stay at home, she said, “Son, stay at home and I will kill a pig to make a big meal 25.____ you after I come back.” 26.______ hearing the words, the child agreed to stay at home. When his wife got home, Zengzi began to catch the only pig 27.___ once. But his wife stopped him and asked, “Why do you want to catch the pig?” with for After at after, of, for, in, at, from, with, between 返回目录 48 Zengzi answered, “Because I heard the talk 28._________ you and our son this morning. You had better keep your word. If you don't kill the pig, our child will not believe you later.” Then his wife helped him kill the pig. The child jumped up and down happily. They had a nice dinner that evening. When Confucius knew Zengzi killed a pig for his son, Confucius spoke highly 29.___ him. It is very important to keep your word 30.___ Chinese culture. If you fail to keep your word, people will not believe you later. between of in after, of, for, in, at, from, with, between 返回目录 49 温馨提示 请完成《课后提升练》P56习题 返回目录 50 51 $$