UNIT 4 Section Ⅲ Using Language（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2024）

Section Ⅲ　Using Language 教材助读8 THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island.It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them.Would they ever return to find us? What might happen to them? What if① they were delayed②？ We felt so alone and desperate.But it was not for long.There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up③. Life fell into a regular pattern.Staying alive took all our time and energy.For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none.We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it.But how could we make fire④？ There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.【1】 This gave off⑤ oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds. 【1】本句为so 引导的并列句，前一分句为there be 句型，其中growing on Antarctica 为现在分词短语作定语，修饰trees，后一分句中we could use 为定语从句，前面省略关系代词that。 Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island.One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted in his diary about how bored he was with the meals：“The food now is pretty well all meat of sea creatures.”【2】 If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve⑥.As a chef⑦，it was my duty to cook, so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could.【3】 But it was difficult. 【2】句中how 引导感叹式宾语从句。 【3】本句为so 引导的并列句，whatever引导介词宾语从句。 We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill.It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few.【4】 The sweat could freeze very quickly.Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat⑧ we burnt for our fires.It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs. 【4】本句为as…as…结构。 The twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months.Our discipline⑨ and team spirit kept us optimistic⑩ and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal.This was an episode⑪ in my life that I would never forget. When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief⑫ and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.【5】 We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food, and the care of our family and friends.Our optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive.And he paid us back⑬ by his commitment⑭ to save us from a slow but painful death. 【5】when 引导时间状语从句，主句为such…that…句型。 ①What if…？ 假使……将会怎么样？ ②delay/dIˈleI/ vt.延期；(使)耽搁；推迟 ③cheer sb up 使某人振作起来 ④make fire生火 ⑤give off放出(热、光、气味或气体) ⑥starve/stɑːv/vi.饿死；挨饿；渴望 vt.使饿死；使挨饿 ⑦chef/ʃef/n.厨师；大师傅 ⑧fat/fæt/n.脂肪；肥肉 ⑨discipline/ˈdIsəplIn/n．学科；纪律；训练 ⑩optimistic/ˌɒptIˈmIstIk/adj.乐观的；乐观主义的 ⑪episode/ˈepIsəʊd/n．(人生的)一段经历；(小说的)片段；插曲 ⑫relief/rIˈliːf/ n．救济；减轻；解除；安慰 ⑬pay back 偿还；报答 ⑭commitment/kəˈmItmənt/ n．承诺；保证；奉献 对坚持不懈的奖赏 我们看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离象岛。很容易想象他们面前的危险。他们还会回来找我们吗？他们会怎么样呢？如果他们被耽搁了怎么办？我们感到如此孤独和绝望。但很快消失。没有什么比一顿丰盛的晚餐和一些音乐更让我们高兴的了。 生活有了规律。活下去花了我们所有的时间和精力。例如，我们需要水，而象岛没有。我们发现，我们可以融化海洋里的冰，喝下冰融化后的水。但是我们怎么生火呢？南极洲没有树木生长，也没有石油，所以我们唯一能使用的燃料就是动物脂肪。脂肪释放出油乎乎的黑烟，但即使在强风中它仍在燃烧。 食物也是个问题，因为我们在岛上没有找到任何蔬菜和水果。我们小组的一名成员莱昂内尔·格林斯特里特(Lionel Greenstreet)在他的日记中记录了他对这些食物的厌倦：“现在的食物基本上都是海洋生物的肉。”如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。作为一名厨师，做饭是我的职责，所以我试着用任何可能的方式使食物多样化。但这很困难。 我们必须小心，不要经常出去，因为变化的温度会使我们生病。因为穿太多衣服而变得太热和穿太少而变得太冷几乎是同样危险的。汗水很快就会凝结。我们中的许多人因为燃烧动物脂肪的黑烟而生病。它损害了我们的眼睛，灼伤了我们的肺。 我们二十二个人就这样在寒冷中生活了四个月。我们的纪律和团队精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极和成功的方式应对我们的恐惧。我们也庆祝我们的生日，节日，甚至当我们抓住一个海洋动物的时候。这是我生命中的一个插曲，我永远不会忘记。 当我们终于获救时，我们感到如释重负，喜极而泣。我们终于可以自由地回家，睡温暖的床，吃美味的食物，关心我们的家人和朋友。我们对沙克尔顿的乐观和信心帮助了我们坚持活下去。他回报了我们，他承诺要把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡中拯救出来。 Ⅰ.Read the text (P44～45), then choose the best answer. 1．How did the sailors cheer themselves up? A．By enjoying meals and music. B．By imagining beautiful things. C．By looking out over the ocean. D．By sailing around the island. 答案　A 2．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4? A．Illnesses.　　　 B．Hunger. C．Weather. D．Clothes. 答案　A 3．What was it that helped the sailors survive? A．Adequate food. B．Excellent life skills. C．Fearless spirit. D．Positive attitude. 答案　D 4．What is the sailors' attitude to Shackleton? A．Respectful. B．Grateful. C．Sympathetic. D．Negative. 答案　B Ⅱ.课文语法填空 We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island.It was easy 1. to imagine (imagine) the danger ahead of them.We felt so alone and desperate.2. But it was not for long.Life fell into a regular pattern.3. Staying (stay) alive took all our time and energy.We needed water, and Elephant Island had none.Food was also 4. a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island.If it weren't for sea animals, we 5. would starve (starve)．We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the 6. changing (change) temperatures could make us ill.Many of us also became ill 7. from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires.Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and 8. helped (help) us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way.When we were 9. finally (final) rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears.10. Our (we) optimism and faith in Shackleton had helped us persevere in staying alive. 1 (教材P44)What if they were delayed? 如果他们延误了会怎么样呢？ 句型：What if…？如果……会怎样？ What/How about…？　……怎么样？ How come? 为什么？ So what? 那又怎么样？ Why not do…？ 为什么不做……呢？ What if I am assigned the most challenging task? 如果把最具有挑战性的任务分派给我，怎么办呀？ [习作练笔]——补全句子/句型转换 (1)明天早上8点在学校门口碰面怎么样？ What/How about meeting at the school gate at 8 a．m.tomorrow? (2)如果你的朋友总是忙得无法和你见面，又总是看起来有很好的理由怎么办？ What if your friend is always too busy to get together but always seems to have a good excuse? (3)Why don't you join in discussion groups so that you can find friends with similar interests? → Why not join in discussion groups so that you can find friends with similar interests? 2 (教材P44)But how could we make fire? 可是我们怎么生火呢？ make fire　生火 be on fire　着火了 catch fire 着火 set sth on fire＝set fire to sth 放火；放火烧某物 play with fire 玩火；冒险 Every year on that day folks mourned for Qu Yuan and ate cold meals, which avoided making fire.每年在那一天人们哀悼屈原，吃冷食，这就避免了生火。 [习作练笔]——补全句子/一句多译 (1)橱柜十分钟前突然着火了。换句话说，橱柜已经着火十分钟了。 The cupboard suddenly caught fire ten minutes ago.In other words, the cupboard has been on fire for ten minutes. (2)如果你即将靠近一位脾气暴躁的人，你的母亲或许会告诉你“不要玩火”。 If you are about to approach a bad-tempered man, your mother might tell you “not to play with fire ”． (3)我尽力用火柴烧着木头，但是只冒出了烟。 ①I attempted to set fire to the wood with a match, but produced only smoke. ②I attempted to set the wood on fire with a match, but produced only smoke. 3 (教材P44)There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat.南极洲不长树，也没有石油，因此我们唯一可用的燃料是动物脂肪。 句型：There be＋主语＋非谓语动词 该句式中，非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰前面的主语。具体形式如下： There be＋主语＋ (2023·全国乙)There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. 也有研究表明，盆栽植物可以通过去除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)There are still many problems to be solved (solve) before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon. (2)In 1812, the year Charles Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published (publish) in Britain. 4 (教材P44)This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds. 脂肪燃烧散发出油腻的黑烟，但任是强风也无法吹灭。 give off　放出(热、光、气味或气体) give away　捐献；赠送；颁发；泄露(秘密) give back 归还 give in 屈服；让步；上交 give up 放弃 give out 分发；发出(光、热、信号等)；公布；精疲力竭 Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won't give off waste gas. 自行车是环保的，因为它们不会排放废气。 [融会练通]——用give相关短语填空 (1)To create an eco-friendly campus, the Student Association appeals to Senior Three students to give away their used books. (2)With great perseverance, I will never give in to any hardship.Neither will I give up my dream of being admitted to Peking University. (3)Those flowers look pretty but don't give off a nice smell. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)梅雷迪思太太是一位非常善良、体贴的女人。 当她有时间的时候，她会给穷人分发食物和药品。 Mrs Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman.When she had time, she would give out food and medicine to the poor . 5 (教材P44)If it weren't for sea animals, we would all starve. 如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。 句型：if 引导虚拟条件句 虚拟条件句 主句 与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事实相反的假设 ①动词的过去式 ②were to＋动词原形 ③should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形 If I were a dustman, I would make our city cleaner with no rubbish lying on the street. 如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，街上没有任何垃圾。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)If we had booked (book) a table earlier, we wouldn't be standing here in the long queue now. (2)If you should accept my application, I would spare (spare) no effort to commit myself to your satisfaction. (3)If I hadn't submitted myself to difficulties, I would have been admitted (admit) to my ideal university. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)如果今天下午下雨的话，篮球赛就会延期。 If it rained/should rain/were to rain this afternoon, the basketball match would be put off. 6 (教材P45)When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. 当我们最终获救时，我们如释重负，感到无比喜悦，以至于许多人都无法掩饰自己的泪水。 句型：such…that…如此……以至于…… ①such…that…句型的基本结构： ②so…that…句型的基本结构： ③当so/such及其后成分放在句首时，主句用部分倒装。 He has made such great progress that the teachers are pleased with him. 他取得了如此大的进步，老师们对他很满意。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. (2)Trust is such an important part of a parent-child relationship that it's something that can't afford to lose. [习作练笔]——句式升级 (3)The volleyball match is so important that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule. → So important is the volleyball match that everyone should arrive at our school stadium ahead of schedule.(倒装句) 7 (教材P45)And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death. 他也兑现了他的承诺，将我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡之中拯救了出来。 commitment　n．承诺；保证；奉献 ①make a commitment (to do/doing sth)做出承诺(做某事) ②commit　v.犯(错误、罪行等)；保证；投入 commit a crime/mistake犯罪/错误 commit sb/oneself to (doing) sth承诺(做)某事 ③committed　adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的 be committed to (doing) sth承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事 Committed to scientific research to a great extent, he couldn't spare any time to go on holiday.他致力于科学研究，以至于没有多余的时间去度假。 [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)He made a commitment (commit) that he would attend the ceremony on behalf of his school. (2)Countries around the world have already committed themselves to setting (set) up a Climate Adaptation Fund. (3)Tom is a committed (commit) member of the team and is highly thought of by other players. [习作练笔]——补全句子/一句多译 (4)为了提高写作技能，我强烈建议你每天早上投入一小时的时间读报纸。 To improve your writing skills, I strongly suggest that you commit an hour to reading the newspaper every morning. (5)老师已承诺会全力帮助我学习心理学。 ①The teacher has made a commitment to thoroughly helping me with my Psychology study.(commitment) ②The teacher has committed himself to thoroughly helping me with my Psychology study.(commit) ③The teacher has been committed to thoroughly helping me with my Psychology study.(committed) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$