UNIT 5 Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures（Word教参）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册（人教版2024）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures 复习情态动词和过去将来时 1．(教材P52)Oliver believes that with a million-pound bank note a man could live a month in London. 2．(教材P52)Young man, would you step inside a moment, please? 3．(教材P52)Well, I can't say that I have any plans. As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident. 4．(教材P52)Patience. If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have? 5．(教材P52)Now if you'll excuse me, I ought to be on my way. [自我感知] 1．句1、3情态动词表 能力 。 2．句2、4情态动词表 请求 。 3．句5 情态动词表 推测 。 项目一　情态动词 一、情态动词的意义 情态动词本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度，表示“需要、可以、必须、应当”等意义。 ►Where does happiness come from? The answer given by President Xi Jinping must be encouraging. 幸福来自哪里？习近平主席给出的答案一定会让人们备受鼓舞。 ►(2024·全国甲)What should be done with such a beautiful place？对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？ ►Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the books on the top shelf.塞缪尔在我们班个子最高，能轻易地够到书架顶上的书。 ►Jim says we can stay in his house as long as we leave it clean.吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们让它保持干净。 [提示] (1)情态动词不能单独作谓语，除ought to和used to以外，情态动词后面接不带to的动词原形。 (2)情态动词没有人称和数的变化，但是有些情态动词，如can, will, may等有一般式和过去式的变化。 (3)情态动词的“时态”的形式并不是区分时间的主要标志。不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间或将来时间。 二、情态动词的基本用法 1．can/could (1)表示能力，指有能力做某事。could为can的过去式。 ►In my opinion, you can finish the work on time.依我看来，你能按时完成这项工作。 (2)表示请求或允许。could比can语气更加委婉。 ►It will be good for your health if you could squeeze some time to take more exercise in future. 要是你今后可以挤出一些时间多锻炼身体，这将对你的健康有好处。 (3)表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中。 ►He is such a gentle man, so he can't be rude to you.他是如此温柔的人，因此他不可能对你粗鲁的。 (4)表示推测，意为“有时会”，常用于肯定句中。 ►(2023·全国乙)Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape can be quite a challenge. 生活在爱荷华州，想要成为一名专门拍摄风景的摄影师可能是一项相当大的挑战。 (5)can的其他用法。 ①“can't＋be/行为动词＋比较级”表示“再没有……比……更……”。 ►It cannot be better to have such a nice audience like you. 有你这样的听众，真是再好不过了。 ②“can't＋动词原形＋too/enough”表示“无论怎么……也不为过”。 ►When it comes to making friends, you cannot be too careful. 一谈到交朋友，你再怎么小心也不为过。 ③“can't＋help＋动词-ing”表示“禁不住做某事”。 ►On hearing the funny story, we can't help laughing. 一听到这个滑稽的故事，我们就禁不住大笑。 ④“can't＋(choose/help) but＋动词原形”表示“不得不，只好”。 ►He is such an unselfish man. You cannot help but him.他是这样一个毫无私心的人。你不得不尊敬他。 [巧学助记]口诀记忆can/could can表“能力”和“可以”， 否定、疑问(在否定句及疑问句中)表猜疑。 could为can的过去式， 语气比can更客气。 [即时训练1]——用适当的情态动词填空 (1)(2023·全国乙)I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood. (2)Traveling around can help us build up our body and keep . (3)Shirley can't be in the classroom now, for I saw her in the library just now. (4)When the girl was five years old, she could skate very well. 2．may/might (1)表示允许、许可。might在语气上比may更委婉。以may/might开头的问句在否定回答中要用mustn't。 ►(2023·1月浙江)Perhaps your household won't entirely make the switch, but you may have some control over your own personal spaces to make the changes you desire.也许你的家庭不会完全改变，但你可以控制自己的个人空间，做出你想要的改变。 (2)表示把握不大的推测，意为“可能，也许”。用于肯定句或否定句中；might语气更加不肯定。 ►In your lifetime, you may succeed at some point due to your talent or . 在你的一生中，你或许会由于你的才华或运气而在某个时间点成功。 (3)may和might的其他用法。 ①“may＋主语＋动词原形”表示祝愿。 ►May you have a good time and enjoy your stay here. 祝你玩得高兴，享受在这儿逗留的时光。 ②“may/might as well＋动词原形”表示“最好，不妨，还不如”。 ►Lastly, we may as well walk or cycle to school, which won't cause air pollution. 最后，我们最好走着或骑自行车去上学，这不会造成空气污染。 [即时训练2]——补全句子 (1)上床睡觉吧。或许明天我们就想出解决这个难题的办法了。 Let's go to bed. We may/might work out the solution to the difficult problem tomorrow. (2)如果可能的话，你最好提前到校参观一下。 If possible， you may/might as well visit the school in advance. 3．will/would (1)表示意愿。would是will的过去式。 ►I would like to work as a volunteer for the international summer camp. 我想成为国际夏令营的志愿者。 (2)表示征求意见或提出请求。would的语气更加委婉。 ►Would you be kind enough to spare some time for us？您可以为我们挤出点时间来吗？ (3)表示习惯或特性以及自然的规律性。will用于现在，would用于过去。 ►Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水面上。 ►He would get up early when he lived in the countryside.他住在乡下时总是早起。 (4)表示推测，意为“可能，大概”。 ►Ask him. He will know. 问他，他大概知道。 [即时训练3]——意义匹配(A.意志、意愿；B.请求；C.自然规律) (1)Would you like to tell me some good ideas? I'm looking forward to your reply.(　　) (2)They will not lend us any more money.(　　) (3)These trees will die without air and water.(　　) 答案　(1)B　(2)A　(3)C 4．shall/should (1)shall ①shall用于疑问句中，征求对方的意见，这时可以用第一人称和第三人称。 ►Shall we go there together this Friday afternoon? 我们可以在本周五下午一块儿去那里吗？ ②shall用于陈述句，与第二人称或第三人称连用，表示允诺、命令、警告和强制，或表示说话人的决心等。 ►A famous quote from the Bible goes, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” 《圣经》中有这么一句名言：“你要像爱自己一样爱你的邻居。” (2)should ①表示责任和义务，意为“应该”。 ►In my opinion, some measures should be taken to protect traditional culture effectively. 在我看来，应该采取一些措施有效地保护传统文化。 ②表示推测，指有一定根据的推测，意为“按道理应该”。 ►If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. 如果你的烟雾报警器正常运转，红灯应该亮着。 ③表示惊讶，意为“竟会，居然”。 ►It's strange that he should have taken the books without the owner's permission. 真奇怪，他竟然未经主人许可就拿走了书。 [即时训练4]——意义匹配(A.应该；B.征求对方意见；C.警告；D.允诺；E.可能) (1)The school should make it a rule to drive students from the classroom to the library.(　　) (2)It is such a good opportunity that you shall never miss it.(　　) (3)Shall we go to the theater this evening？(　　) (4)They should be home by now.(　　) 答案　(1)A　(2)C　(3)B　(4)E 5．must (1)must表示义务或强制。 ①must用于一般疑问句时，其肯定答语应用Yes, you must。其否定答语应用No, you needn't或No, you don't have to。 ②must的否定式must not/mustn't表示禁止。 ►(2023·全国Ⅰ)To serve its function, a book must be activated by a user. 一本书要发挥其功能，就必须由用户激活。 ►Colleges must shape next generation to lead country with socialist core values.大学必须用社会主义核心价值观塑造下一代来领导国家。 ►—Must I go there with you? ——我必须和你一起去那里吗？ —Yes, you must.(No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.) ——是的，必须。(不，没必要。) (2)must表示说话人有把握的猜测，仅限于肯定句。 ►They must be anxious to know the result. 他们一定急于知道结果。 (3)must表示“偏要，偏偏”。 ►If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over. 如果你非要走的话，至少等到暴风雨结束。 [即时训练5]——补全句子 (1)为解决这些问题，必须立刻采取措施。 To solve the problems, measures must be taken right away. (2)这些书不准带出图书馆。 These books must not be taken away from the library. (3)在我给了她建议之后，她非要做相反的事。 After I gave her advice, she must do the opposite. 项目二　过去将来时 一、过去将来时的用法 过去将来时表示在过去某一时间看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时常用在主句谓语动词是过去时的宾语从句中。过去将来时的句子中有时包含时间状语the next day, soon等。 ►Carol said the work would be done by October, which personally I doubt very much.卡罗尔说在十月前就要把工作做完，我个人对此非常怀疑。 ►He told us that he would go on a holiday the next week.他告诉我们，他下周要去度假。 二、过去将来时的否定式 过去将来时的否定式是在would后加not。 ►My friend told me that he wouldn't go to America for further study. 我的朋友告诉我他不去美国深造。 ►He promised that he wouldn't play computer games.他保证不打电脑游戏。 三、过去将来时的其他表达方式 1．be to do sth表示“按照计划或安排将要做某事”。 ►I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time.我觉得有些紧张，因为我很快就要第一次离开家了。 2．be about to do…表示“即将发生的动作”。 ►Colin was about to get off the camel when a child ran towards him.科林正要从骆驼上下来，这时一个小孩向他跑来。 3．be going to do…多用于口语，强调事先打算、计划要做某事或根据某种迹象要发生某事。 ►He said he was going to visit a friend. 他说他要拜访一个朋友。 4．go, come, leave, take等少数动词可用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的情况。 ►The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. 第二天，萍玉要离开伦敦前往温莎城堡。 [即时训练6]——单句语法填空/补全句子 (1)They made (make) up their minds that they would buy a new house once Larry changed jobs. (2)He stressed that China would continue (continue) its efforts to safeguard world peace in the years to come. (3)我们接到通知说领导很快要来我们学校。 We were informed that the leaders were coming to our school soon . (4)这两家公司说他们在多个领域会进行深层次的合作。 The two companies said they would conduct in-depth cooperation on many areas. Ⅰ.选词填空 1．Robert is good at languages and can (can/must) speak four languages. 2．The meeting is very important and you should (would/should) attend it on schedule. 3．I managed to find the street, but I couldn't (couldn't/mustn't) find her house. 4．Every Sunday afternoon, the boy will (will/may) sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by. 5．In his childhood, Jack would (would/could) be nervous when he met strangers. 6．—Do you have any plan for this weekend? —I have not decided yet. I may (may/need) take my daughter to the museum. 7．According to the skilled doctor's advice, the medicine must (might/must) be taken three times a day. 8．No one shall (shall/must) stop us from carrying out the plan. 9．Rose can't (can't/needn't) be in the classroom now because I saw her leave school several minutes ago. 10．Jane asked whether she could (must/could) take the books out of the library. 11．One of the windows of the classroom won't (won't/mustn't) close, so I'll have it repaired. 12．The head teacher warned him not to be late for school, but Jack wouldn't (wouldn't/shouldn't) listen. Ⅱ.语法与写作 1．你不许把真相告诉我的父母，否则，我会挨打的。 You mustn't tell the truth to my parents, or I will be beaten. 2．彼得是一个诚实的孩子，因此他不可能拿走抽屉里的钱。 Peter is an honest boy, so he can't have taken away the money in the drawer. 3．我想提前警告你，如果你在这里吸烟的话，你会被罚款的。 I would like to warn you in advance that you will be fined if you smoke here. 4．你已经为考试准备了好几个月了， 你理应通过考试的。 You have been preparing for the examination for several months; you should pass it. 5．耐心一点。你不能期望你的儿子一夜之间就爱上学习。 Please be patient. You can't expect your son to fall in love with study overnight. 6．所有的孩子在5点以前就离开了校园。你儿子现在应该到家了。 All the children left school before 5 o'clock. Your son should be home now. 7．杰克来晚了。他应该向我们道歉，因为我们等了他将近一个小时。 Jack came late. He should apologise to us because we have waited for him for nearly an hour. 8．当你过那条马路时，你一定要小心来往的车辆。 When you cross the road, you must be careful with the passing cars. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$