UNIT 4 课时作业10 阅读专项（Word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（人教版2024）

课时作业(十)　阅读专项 (建议用时：35分钟) Ⅰ.第一节 Ayung River Rafting About the trip Explore Ayung River Rafting, the longest river rafting in Ayung River, a white-water rafting! The river is classified to level Ⅱ to Ⅲ and your rafting trip will be approximately 2 hours.Our friendly and experienced raft guides will take you on a safe and fun trip.You'll find a level of professionalism that offers unique insights into Bali's natural wonders and memorable experiences through the rainforest.Don't miss out on this unforgettable adventure that showcases the beauty of Ayung River and the excitement and thrills of tackling the rapids of the Ayung River. Prices Ayung River Rafting Packages Price Ayung River Rafting Own Transport IDR 350/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 2, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 550/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 3～4, including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 485/Person Ayung River Rafting Group of 5＋，including Return Hotel Transfer IDR 430/Person Tips •We suggest you bring short pants or a swimsuit, a pair of changing clothes, sunscreen and extra money for drinks and souvenirs(纪念品)． •Steep road lies at the beginning and at the end of the tour, please be ready to walk with reliable shoes! •Plastic bags for wet clothes are available, but you are advised to bring your own to reduce plastic use. •Single-use raincoats are available if it rains.However, please bring your own to reduce plastic use. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自然/自然环境。本文为广告，介绍了阿荣河漂流旅游项目，包括漂流的时间、难度、导游服务以及漂流过程中可以欣赏到的自然美景。 1．What do we know about Ayung River Rafting? A．It's an exciting guided adventure. B．It helps to conserve the rainforest. C．It offers unique insights into society. D．It's operated on the world's fastest river. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据About the trip部分后三句可知，阿荣河是一次令人兴奋的有向导的冒险，故选A项。 2．What's the charge for an Ayung River Rafting Group of 4 including Return Hotel Transfer? A．IDR 430.　　　　　 B．IDR 485. C．IDR 1,940. D．IDR 2,200. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Prices部分内容可知，回程包括酒店接送的4人团需要支付485×4＝1 940印尼盾，故选C项。 3．What are the tourists advised to wear on a walk? A．Swimsuits. B．Strong shoes. C．Raincoats. D．Wet clothes. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Tips部分第2条可知，建议游客在走路时穿结实的鞋子，故选B项。 Meet Ben Saunders：adventurer, athlete, motivational speaker.Ben, at the age of 23, was the youngest man to ski solo (单人滑雪) to the North Pole.He dragged a 180-kilogramme sledge over 1,420 miles through the worst Arctic conditions.This year, as well as planning a return to the Arctic.Ben plans to ski solo from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back in the autumn, carrying all his supplies on his sledge. Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm to support his disorganised first adventure.“Everything that could go wrong did go wrong.We were attacked by a bear.We started running out of food.It was just desperate.And we didn't get to the Pole：we didn't get there, so we had no media interest.No one heard about it; no book deal, and no speaking.I was so unhappy.” “People said it was impossible for me to get to the Pole.I said, ‘No, I can get there，’ and I did.Self-belief, I see it as being a bit like a muscle—it's my belief that the more you stretch yourself, the stronger it gets.If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker.So that's one of the lessons I've figured out along the way.The thing that I've stretched and tested is my self-belief.” “My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me.If I knew it was possible, if I knew I could do it without too much bother, I wouldn't be interested.Why? Personally I'm attracted by the human performance element to it.Not that long ago, running a marathon was seen as the top point of human attempt, and now I wouldn't be that surprised if my mom said she was going to run one next year.” People's horizons are changing.“I'm not particularly gifted, and I'm absolutely average.I've just chosen this one goal to achieve and I've been working hard to realise it.That's it.And that's the thing that attracts me：with enough training and enough determination, enough focus and preparation, how far can we go？And I don't think I've found out yet.” 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为记叙文，主要讲述了英国“极地探险勇士”本·桑德斯的探险故事。 4．What do we know about Ben Saunders' first adventure? A．There was no press coverage. B．It was supported by his company. C．It was well planned and organised. D．He actually reached the North Pole. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在本·桑德斯的第一次北极探险中，由于他们没有到达北极，所以没有媒体的报道，故选A项。 5．According to Ben Saunders, what should you do if you want to stretch your self-belief? A．Often test your confidence. B．Try something adventurous. C．Aim to reach the North Pole. D．Always stretch your muscles. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段第四句可知，本·桑德斯认为如果你从不做任何不舒服或有风险的事情，那么你的自我信念就会变弱，因此，如果想增强自我信念，就需要尝试一些有挑战的事情，故选B项。 6．Why was Ben Saunders excited about his Antarctic adventure? A．Because he liked running a marathon. B．Because he wanted to exercise his body. C．Because he knew it might be achievable. D．Because he was sure he could do it easily. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，令本·桑德斯感到兴奋的是他的南极探险是可行的、可以实现的，故选C项。 7．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．We have to change our views about adventure. B．We can never know our possibilities and energies. C．We should have a reason for going on an adventure. D．We have to be especially talented to have an adventure. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，本·桑德斯认为我们永远不会知道我们能走多远，即我们不会知道我们的潜能和力量，故选B项。 An obstacle usually refers to a difficulty or problem that prevents you from achieving something.Whether it was in your past, or you're presently facing an obstacle, you have to resolve it.Some people avoid obstacles or deny their existence.Others let obstacles control them, and they feel defeated.Your attitude towards obstacles will define the outcome of whether you rise from the challenge, or remain stuck in it.Here are some more great things to love about obstacles. First, obstacles give you purposes.Sometimes obstacles can reset your goals.You might have always had a particular way of doing things, or wanted to pursue certain goals; but when you're faced with setbacks or difficulties, you're forced to re-think, and re-examine your path.You may end up focusing on something new and exciting.Or, you may concentrate on something that you otherwise wouldn't have if not for the particular setback.By having to overcome an obstacle, you'll be fulfilling a purpose, rather than just going through the motions.Second, obstacles prepare you for the unexpected.Obstacles serve as guides for where to go next.Even though obstacles can bring out many negative emotions in us, such as frustration, anger, or sadness, it's important to realize that they don't stop you from reaching your intended goals.Instead, they, in a way, give you time to stop and think if perhaps there is a new and better path to take and what you can prepare for what will happen along the way.Obstacles shift your perspective. Obstacles, whether you like them or not, are unavoidable.Life will never stop throwing you new obstacles.So, the best thing to do is to know how to better see and deal with these obstacles, and transform them into opportunities for self-improvement.　The more you're able to see obstacles as being an advantage to your life, the better you'll be at managing them. Accepting obstacles will be rewarding.It will make you constantly change and adapt to new situations, allowing you to grow into a better version of yourself. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为议论文，主要阐述了以积极的态度对待人生中的障碍，因为它们有益于人的成长和提升。 8．What determines the outcome of obstacles you face? A．Your own attitude. B．Your quick adaptation. C．Your adequate preparation. D．Your optimistic perseverance. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知，决定人生障碍的最终结果的是人的态度，故选A项。 9．What does the underlined part probably mean? A．Acting enthusiastically. B．Acting half-heartedly. C．Being more motivated. D．Being more determined. 答案　B 解析　词句猜测题。根据画线部分所在句及上文rather than just可知，画线部分的意思与句中的you'll be fulfilling a purpose(你会实现一个目标)意思相反，故画线部分指并未集中全部力量去做事，而只是走过场，故选B项。 10．How would obstacles result in benefits? A．They prevent your negative emotions. B．They give you advantages over others. C．They make you think quickly and critically. D．They allow you to view things from new angles. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，障碍会使人寻找更新、更好的途径，转变人看待问题的视角，故选D项。 11．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Avoiding obstacles does harm to life. B．Loving obstacles benefits a lot. C．Obstacles are actually unavoidable. D．Obstacles are double-edged swords. 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。第一段指出障碍值得人们去爱；第二段从两个方面阐述了障碍可能带给人的好处；第三、四段结题，指出把障碍看作有利因素、阐明克服障碍会使人得到提升。故全文的主旨在于阐述接受障碍对人有益的观点，故选B项。 In the opening scenes of the new film Good Night Oppy, the Opportunity rover(漫游车) rolls along through Perseverance Valley on Mars in June 2018. But a storm forming on the horizon changed everything.This storm was different.It rapidly grew in size, encircling the planet and blocking out the sun.The solar-powered rover's last message to mission control translated to this: “My battery is low and it's getting dark.” This chapter is just the beginning of the documentary, available to stream on Amazon Prime on November 23, 2022.The film traces the journey of the twin rovers—Opportunity and Spirit—and the people who dedicated their lives to them from concept to that last transmission. These two rovers built by NASA engineers in the early 2000s were to search for past evidence of water on Mars.Both were launched in 2003 inside Delta rockets and landed in 2004 on opposite sides of the red planet.The dual mission's first 90 days came and went, and NASA engineers realized the two rovers were ready for more adventure. Spirit and Opportunity's findings rewrote the textbooks with new information about Mars and its watery past while they both got into all sorts of trouble in between discoveries, like getting stuck in the sand and nearly rushing down the sides of steep craters(火山口)．The bonds between team members and the rovers quickly deepened, despite the vast distance between Earth and Mars, making it more difficult when Spirit's journey ended in 2011 and Opportunity fell silent in 2018.Spirit and Oppy's missions have ended, but Mars exploration continues today through next-generation rovers like Curiosity and Perseverance. The film shines a light on the hope of space exploration and captures the emotional attachment between humans and the robotic ambassadors that explore on our behalf. 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自然/人与环境。本文为说明文，介绍了一部纪录片电影《晚安，机遇号》。 12．What caused the death of Opportunity? A．A slide in the valley. B．A sand trap. C．A fall in a crater. D．A huge storm. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，巨大的风暴遮住了太阳，让“机遇号”火星漫游车无法获取太阳能，因此结束了生命，故选D项。 13．Why did NASA send the two rovers to Mars? A．To discover water sources on Mars. B．To record the data of storms on Mars. C．To map the shape of valleys on Mars. D．To detect signs of past water on Mars. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，美国宇航局发送这两辆火星漫游车是为了发现火星上曾经存在水的迹象，故选D项。 14．What do the underlined words “robotic ambassadors” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Delta rockets. B．Spirit and Opportunity. C．NASA engineers. D．Curiosity and Perseverance. 答案　B 解析　词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句和倒数第二段倒数第二句可知，这部电影围绕“机遇号”和“勇气号”漫游车展开，两个漫游车和团队成员之间建立了深厚的感情联系。由此推知，robotic ambassadors指的就是“机遇号”和“勇气号”火星漫游车，故选B项。 15．What's the purpose of this text? A．To recommend a documentary. B．To appreciate engineers' devotion. C．To honor the Opportunity rover. D．To present NASA's achievements. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段、第三段第一句和最后一段可知，文章主要围绕纪录片电影《晚安，机遇号》展开，文中穿插了对背景信息的介绍。由此推知，文章的目的是推荐一部纪录片电影，故选A项。 Ⅱ.第二节 Exploring the North Pole People have always had the desire to explore new places.Explorers throughout history have been motivated by the prospect of fame and fortune.　1　.The first North Pole explorers were in search of the Northwest Passage, a way through the Arctic that would make trade easier for the country that discovered it.　2　, the world started seeing the Arctic as a frozen treasure chest.In fact, a US Geological Survey guesses that nearly 25 percent of the world's undiscovered oil and gas are buried in the Arctic, which is a big reason for the disagreements among the countries that are claiming the region for themselves. There were occasional North Pole expeditions in the 18th century.In 1755, the British Parliament offered a reward to the first ship to go to the Pole.　3　.In 1908, American Frederick Albert Cook became the first person to claim to have reached the North Pole.But his countryman Robert Edwin Peary disputed the claim.Peary claimed that with a team of 24 men, 19 sleds and 133 sled dogs, he made the first visit to the North Pole, on April 6, 1909.　4　.The doubt rests mostly on the length of Peary's trip：37 days.　5　.However, in April, 2005, explorer Tom Avery recreated Peary's sled expedition with the same materials and supplies, and beat Peary's time by five hours.Some still doubt whether Peary actually made it to the North Pole, but he's now generally referred to be the first. A．The North Pole isn't the coldest place on Earth B．Most expeditions of the era took months—at least C．But there's still some argument attached to the claim D．However, it was until the early 1900s that things really got going E．When these explorers came back with tales of diamonds and coal near the Pole F．North Pole exploration is no exception G．There continues to be many North Pole “firsts” 语篇导读 主题语境：人与自然/人与环境。本文为说明文，介绍了一些到北极去探险的探险家。 1.答案　F 解析　顺承关系。根据下一句可知，此处要讲述北极探险这个话题。F项(北极探险也不例外)符合语境。North Pole exploration呼应The first North Pole explorers，故选F项。 2.答案　E　 解析　条件关系。根据下文可知，此处在讲述探险家们讲述的关于北极宝藏的故事让人憧憬。由此可知，E项(当这些探险家带着关于北极附近的钻石和煤的故事回来时)能够承接下文，符合语境。tales of diamonds and coal near the Pole呼应a frozen treasure chest，故选E项。 3.答案　D 解析　并列关系。根据下文以及本段叙述的顺序可知，此处是按照时间的顺序叙述的。D项中的the early 1900s呼应In 1908，故选D项。 4.答案　C 解析　解释关系。根据上句中的关键词claimed，利用关键词复现法可知，C项(但是这个声明还存在一些争议)符合语境，故选C项。 5.答案　B 解析　例证关系。根据上文可知，此处讲述人们质疑的原因。由此可知，B项(那个时代的大多数探险至少需要几个月的时间)正是人们质疑的一个原因，符合语境，故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$