课时作业13（Word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2024）

课时作业(十三) (限时：40分钟) 层级一　语用巩固 Ⅰ.品句填词 1．We need to take a more global (globe) approach to the problem. 2．They went about their business in a systematic (system) way. 3．The company's exports have been increasing steadily (steady)． 4．There are lots of people there who can actually (actual) help you. 5．Looking for a job these days can be very depressing (depress)． 6．I have rarely (rare) seen her display any sign of emotion. 7．She remained bitterly opposed (oppose) to the idea of moving abroad. 8．The hotel is centrally located (locate) for all major attractions. 9．A variation (vary) of a gene can influence people's social behavior. 10．Since her marriage ended, she has buried (bury) herself in her work. Ⅱ.选词填空 on record, get over, as a result of, come into contact with, be classified as, as long as, die of, as opposed to, in the course of, up to 1．Many seabirds died as a result of the oil spill. 2．This substance should not come into contact with food. 3．We can stay here for as long as our supplies hold out. 4．One movie is classified as pure art, the other as entertainment. 5．The strongest ant can lift up to 100 times its own body weight. 6．He has seen many changes in the course of his long time. 7．If we can get over our present difficulties, then everything should be all right. 8．Kids need a range of authentic role models— as opposed to members of pop stars. 9．Due to global warming, we experienced the warmest year on record last year. 10．Over three hundred people have died of starvation since the beginning of the year. Ⅲ.单句写作 1．I was angry because I played so badly . 我生气是因为我弹得这么糟。 2．There was no escaping the fact that he was overweight . 他身体超重这一事实是无法回避的。 3．I've been so alone since you went away . 你走了以后我一直很寂寞。 4．Scientists disagree about how the universe was created . 科学家对宇宙是怎样形成的有分歧。 5．Having set himself this goal, he began to write novels based on his personal experiences . 定下这一目标之后，他开始写小说，这些小说都是基于他自己的经历。 6． With the summer vacation coming , students are becoming happier and happier. 随着暑假的到来，学生们变得越来越快乐。 层级二　素养提升 Ⅳ.阅读 Health is wealth, which is why many focus on Health and Well-being series events from New Scientist events. Specially recommended talk： Brain Power: Everything you need to know for a healthy, happy brain Time：3rd November；Thursday, 6：00 p.m.～7：00 p.m. Venue: Live online and on demand Highlights: What does it mean to have a healthy, happy brain？The more we understand about the human brain, the more we are learning about what we can do to keep it in shape and healthy as we age.In this talk, Catherine de Lange will shine a spotlight on the latest science on brain health, including what we know about preventing cognitive(认知的) decline as we get older and what we can do about improving our mental well-being today.She will unpack the latest understanding on the way that sleep, diet, exercise and our social lives are very important for maintaining our gray matter and will share practical tips and lifestyle changes that can produce long-term brain benefits. Extra content from New Scientist The new Health and Well-being series from New Scientist events feature four online talks(live and available on demand): Sleep Engineering(live in September), Nutrition(live in October), Brain Power(live in November) and Laughter(live in December)． You can purchase a single ticket to one lecture for just ￡13, or save 25% off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all 4 talks. What's included in your ticket： Live lecture lasting 60 minutes including Q&A with Catherine de Lange On-demand access to a recording of the lecture and Q&A for 12 months 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自我/健康的生活方式。本文为应用文，介绍了“新科学家活动”中的健康系列讲座。 1．What does Catherine de Lange's lecture focus on? A．A slow-down in brain aging. B．A good understanding of gray matter. C．Approaches to mastering brain research. D．Ways to maintain the brain young forever. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据Highlights部分第三句可知，Catherine de Lange的讲座会集中在减缓大脑老化上，故选A项。 2．Which month's lecture should you attend to make your diet healthier? A．September.　　　 B．October. C．November. D．December. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据Extra content from New Scientist部分第一段中的Nutrition(live in October)营养(10月直播)可知，为了改善饮食你应该参加十月份的讲座，故选B项。 3．How much should you pay if you buy a series ticket to all 4 talks? A．￡13. B．￡25. C．￡39. D．￡52. 答案　C 解析　数字计算题。根据Extra content from New Scientist部分第二段可知，购买4场讲座的系列讲座票应付13×4×75%＝39英镑，故选C项。 Ⅴ.完形填空 Kimberly and I had planned a trip to Europe for a long time, but we encountered some curveballs.Getting the departure time wrong, we had to 　1　 from the original train trip to a ship one. Boarding the ship, we 　2　 it was not like a spacious hotel.The room was incredibly tight.The 　3　 in the small bathroom was a spout(喷头) connected to the sink.You turned it on and sprayed yourself, 　4　 the rest of the room. The week-long ship travel was full of 　5　.There were people from diverse backgrounds speaking different languages.We had stopovers on 　6　 of all sizes, where we cycled 30～40 kilometers.Then there were whole gales(狂风)—so fierce that even the buses couldn't pass for safety 　7　.So finally we 　8　 back home. We still appreciated the experience.Our real passion was about the 　9　 rather than the destination—the missed rides, the 　10　 ship, the mixture of cultures, and all the 　11　. Sometimes people are so 　12　 to their comfortable life that it scares them to be off the beaten track.Yet, once out of their comfort zone, the different experiences are what actually 　13　.Mixing things up, trying new things, seeing something through another person's eyes, being 　14　 to adventure—this is how you create 　15　. 1．A．shift B．range C．abandon D．deliver 2．A.admitted B．regretted C．fancied D．realized 3．A.stove B．shower C．drier D．wardrobe 4．A.rather than B．let alone C．along with D．in particular 5．A.risks B．barriers C．conflicts D．adventures 6．A.islands B．harbors C．malls D．decks 7．A.measures B．consequences C．concerns D．expectations 8．A.emerged B．jogged C．returned D．headed 9．A.journey B．adversity C．scenery D．culture 10．A.sunk B．luxurious C．overcrowded D．expensive 11．A.listed B．recommended C．canceled D．unsettled 12．A.close B．accustomed C．opposed D．enthusiastic 13．A.fall over B．stand out C．set off D．go by 14．A.open B．alert C．blind D．limited 15．A.hope B．opportunities C．passion D．changes 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自我/生活与学习。本文为夹叙夹议文。作者通过自身不同的旅行经历告诉我们：人们有时候要走出他们的舒适区，尝试新事物。 1．答案　A 解析　根据上文的Getting the departure time wrong以及下文提到是乘船旅行可知，此处交通方式是从火车换成了(shift)轮船。 2．答案　D 解析　根据下文的incredibly tight可知，此处指上了船，作者他们意识到(realize)它不像一个宽敞的宾馆。 3．答案　B 解析　根据空后内容及常识可知，此处指小浴室里的淋浴器(shower)是一个连接水槽的喷头。 4．答案　C 解析　根据语境可知，你一打开淋浴头，它就开始朝你喷水，当然也连同(along with)浴室的其他地方。 5．答案　D 解析　句意：为期一周的乘船旅行充满了冒险(adventure)。 根据下文being 14 to adventure可知，此处是信息词adventure的词汇复现。 6．答案　A 解析　根据语境和ship travel可知，作者他们曾在各种大大小小的岛屿上(island)中途停留，在那里他们骑行了30～40公里。 7．答案　C 解析　句意：然后又刮起了大风——大风如此猛烈，以至于出于安全考虑(concern)，连公共汽车都无法通过。 8．答案　D 解析　根据上一句可知，旅途受阻所以调转回去。 head back转身，折回。 9．答案　A 解析　根据首段第一句的trip及语境可知，此处指作者他们真正热爱的是旅程(journey)而不是目的地——错过的旅程、拥挤的船、文化的融合以及所有的不安。 10．答案　C 解析　根据上文可知，作者他们坐的那个轮船很小，空间紧张，过度拥挤(overcrowded)符合语境。 11．答案　D 解析　根据上文Then there were whole gales可知，这里指不安定的(unsettled)有可能是旅途中的大风等各种经历。 12．答案　B 解析　句意：有时，人们太习惯于舒适的生活，以至于害怕偏离常规的生活。be accustomed to习惯于，为固定搭配。 13．答案　B 解析　句意：然而，一旦走出他们的舒适区，不同的体验才是真正突出的(stand out)。 14．答案　A 解析　句意：融合各种事物，尝试新事物，打开(open)眼界去冒险——这就是你如何通过别人的眼光去创造激情。 15．答案　C 解析　此处呼应上文Our real passion was about the 9 rather than the destination，指创造激情(passion)。 Ⅵ.语法填空 The buzzwords(时髦术语) “brittle college students” have gone viral on the Internet recently among mounting concerns over 1. serious decline in the physical health of Chinese college students.The words refer to the new generation of college students generally 2. (suffer) from many physical problems.“Brittle，” which 3. (apparent) means tender and fragile(脆弱), has been used by netizens jokingly 4. (describe) how easily college students can get injured and sick. Such comments have caused heated discussions over the declining physical 5. (fit) of contemporary college students, 6. is confirmed by the astonishing record of visits to one hospital in the city of Zhengzhou, north-central Henan Province.It is reported that Zhengzhou Central Hospital 7. (receive) some 1,700 young people aged between 18 and 25 in its emergency department in September alone. “These young people were mainly diagnosed(诊断) with trauma, abdominal pain, chest tightness, hyperventilation, acute alcoholism, and cholecystitis.Most cases were caused by 8. (regular) daily routine, staying up late and unhealthy diet，” said Cheng Xiaodan, deputy director of the hospital's emergency department. A report pointed out that unhealthy lifestyle is common 9. college students.Many participants said they had experienced health 10. (issue) such as poor skin condition, lack of sleep, and emotional problems. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/社会热点问题。本文为新闻报道。“脆皮大学生”这一流行语在网上疯传，揭示了中国大学生身体健康状况严重恶化的问题。 1．答案　a　 解析　考查冠词。句意：最近，“脆皮大学生”这个流行词在网络上疯传，人们越来越担心中国大学生的身体健康状况严重恶化。此处表泛指，应用不定冠词；serious的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 2．答案　suffering　 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：这个词指的是普遍患有许多身体问题的新一代大学生。此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰college students，college students和suffer为逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。 3．答案　apparently　 解析　考查词性转换。句意：“脆”，显然是指柔弱和脆弱，被网友们开玩笑地用来形容大学生是多么容易受伤和生病。空处作状语修饰动词means，应用副词形式。 4．答案　to describe　 解析　考查非谓语动词。sth be used to do sth意为“某物被用来做某事”，此处为动词不定式形式作目的状语。 5．答案　fitness　 解析　考查词性转换。句意：这样的评论引发了关于当代大学生体质下降的热烈讨论，河南中北部郑州市一家医院的惊人就诊记录证实了这一点。根据空前形容词physical可知，此处为名词形式作宾语，故填fitness。 6．答案　which　 解析　考查引导词。句意参见上题解析。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整句话，在从句中作主语成分，故用关系代词which。 7．答案　received　 解析　考查时态。句意：据报道，仅在9月份，郑州中心医院的急诊科就接收了约1 700名年龄在18至25岁之间的年轻人。此处为谓语动词，陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。 8．答案　irregular　 解析　考查形容词。句意：大多数病例是由不规律的日常生活、熬夜和不健康的饮食引起的。此处应为形容词作定语修饰名词短语daily routine，结合句意可知，此处应为regular的反义词irregular(不规律的)。 9．答案　among　 解析　考查介词。句意：一份报告指出，不健康的生活方式在大学生中很普遍。根据句意以及空后college students可知，此处为介词among表示“在……之间”。 10．答案　issues　 解析　考查名词的数。句意：许多参与者表示，他们经历过皮肤状况不佳、睡眠不足和情绪问题等健康问题。根据下文列举的三种问题可知，此处应为名词复数形式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$