课时作业6（Word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2024）

课时作业(六) (限时：30分钟) 层级一　语用巩固 Ⅰ.品句填词 1．Taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity(成熟)． 2．Financial experts have detected(发现) signs that the economy is beginning to improve. 3．The resort has changed somewhat(有点) over the last few years. 4．If you are not sure about your self-control(自制力), ask your parents for help. 5．It's high time that you made a compromise with your parents.After all, they love you so much. 6．He is being constantly monitored with regular checks on his blood pressure. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1．It was really annoying(annoy) that my car was stuck in the mud the other day. 2．I was ashamed(shame) that I'd made so little effort. 3．The exact details of the agreement are still under negotiation(negotiate)． 4．He showed great resolution(resolve) in facing the robbers. 5．I've been making inquiries(inquire) about the cost of a round-the-world ticket. 6．He took this award-winning photograph while on assignment(assign) in the Middle East. 7．We had the inconvenience(inconvenient) of being unable to use the kitchen for several weeks. Ⅲ.单句写作 1．It would be convenient(会很方便) for you to bring your laptop to the meeting. 2．After he assigned roles to everyone(为每个人分配角色), we began to practise. 3．We are often ashamed to admit our shortcomings(经常羞于承认我们的缺点), our mistakes and our failures. 4．He was beginning to get very annoyed with me about/at my carelessness(对我的粗心大意非常恼火)． 层级二　素养提升 Ⅳ.阅读 Explore the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden, which offers a relaxing setting for you to enjoy works of modern sculpture. Chair Transformation Number 20B, made in 1996—by Lucas Samaras 　　Here, Samaras explores the double meaning of “flight”， referring to both the starlike form created by the stacked chairs, and the movement of a single chair moving through space.From different viewpoints, the sculpture appears to be upright, leaning back, or springing forward.From the side, it even appears like a zigzagging(之字形的) line. Typewriter Eraser, Scale X, made in 1998—by Coosje van Bruggen 　　The artist chose the typewriter eraser as his model for this work based upon childhood memories of playing with the object in his father's office.Here the brush arcs(作弧形运动) back, conveying a sense of motion, as if the wheel-like eraser were rolling down the hill and making its way towards the gate of the garden. Moondog, model 1974, made in 1998～1999—by Tony Smith 　　The title itself comes from two sources: Moondog was the name of a blind poet and folk musician who lived in New York City, and Smith has also compared this sculpture to Dog Barking at the Moon, a painting by Joan Miro.He first created Moondog in 1974 as a 33-inch cardboard model and cast it in bronze as a garden sculpture in 1980.This version was designed by Smith, but it was not completed until after his death. Cheval Rouge (Red Horse), made in 1964—by Alexander Calder 　　During the last two decades of his life, Alexander Calder devoted his greatest efforts to large-scale mobiles and stabiles(立式抽象派雕塑), many of which have become popular public landmarks in cities around the world.Here the silky legs and tensile (张力的) up-thrust “neck” recall the power of a horse.This stabile reflects Calder's statement, “I want to make things that are fun to look at.” 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/艺术。本文为应用文，介绍了国家美术雕塑馆中的几个现代雕塑作品。 1．Which was based on its creator's early life? A．Moondog. B．Cheval Rouge (Red Horse)． C．Typewriter Eraser, Scale X. D．Chair Transformation Number 20B. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据表格中Typewriter Eraser, Scale X部分第一句可知，Typewriter Eraser, Scale X是基于创作者孩童时期的记忆创作出来的，故选C项。 2．What can we learn about the sculpture Moondog? A．It was originally intended for a garden. B．It was the only work of its creator. C．It was inspired by a modern painter. D．It wasn't completed by its designer. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据表格中Moondog部分最后一句可推知，Moondog在设计者死后才完成，所以它不是由设计者完成的，故选D项。 3．Whose work was created the earliest? A．Tony Smith's.　 B．Lucas Samaras'. C．Alexander Calder's. D．Coosje van Bruggen's. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据全文可知，Alexander Calder在1964年的作品最早，故选C项。 Born to an adventure-loving mom and a National Geographic's photographer dad, Alison Teal was already exploring the world as a baby.The family traveled the globe staying not at five-star hotels but in a six-foot-wide tent.From cold mountaintops to hot jungles, they completely involved themselves in local nature and culture. Between journeys, they would return home to a quiet and faraway part of the Big Island of Hawaii, where they built a solar-powered oceanfront rest center.The front yard was the ocean, and Alison's friends were dolphins.She would dive into the water and release seaweed.A dolphin would catch it on its nose or fin and throw it to the next player.Over the years, the dolphins grew to trust Alison.They looked for her and came close to her in the water. After graduating from university, she continued her world travels.Her adventurous childhood and life skills landed her a spot in the reality show Naked and Afraid, in which she and her partner had to live on an unwelcoming island for 21 days.Alison's deep knowledge of how to live in a wilderness saved the pair, but what shocked her was the amount of trash washed upon the shore. “After that, I couldn't ignore our plastic problem.I shifted my focus and started to protect our greatest resource, the ocean，” says Alison.Swimming in familiar waters back home, she also found her dolphin friends were no longer tossing (抛) seaweed to each other, but plastic. “That was distressing，” she says. Her book, Alison's Adventures: Your Passport to the World, is fled with travel tales and environmental lessons.She also offers free adventure films to go along with each chapter on her YouTube and TikTok.Alison believes all of us can make changes to protect the Earth and, in turn, those we love. “Whether you're a lawyer, a gardener, an artist, a teacher or a surfer, we can all help in our own ways，” she says. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自然/环境保护。本文为记叙文，主要讲的是Alison Teal探索世界的故事以及她的环保理念。 4．What can we infer from the first paragraph? A．Alison Teal had a comfortable life when she was young. B．Alison Teal was fond of photography when she was young. C．Alison Teal's parents were strict with her when she was young. D．Alison Teal led a life close to nature when she was young. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段后两句可知，Alison年幼时过着亲近自然的生活，故选D项。 5．What alarmed Alison Teal during her participation in the reality show? A．The amount of trash washed upon the shore. B．The unwelcoming island where they had to live. C．The lack of resources in the wilderness. D．The dangerous situations they encountered. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段末句可知，让Alison震惊的是海岸上的垃圾数量，故选A项。 6．When did Alison Teal decide to shift her focus and start protecting the ocean? A．During a journey with her parents. B．After her participation in a show. C．Before her graduation from university. D．When visiting the Big Island of Hawaii. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段前两句可知，在参加了真人秀节目后，Alison决定转变关注重点并开始保护海洋，故选B项。 7．What's Alison Teal's opinion about protecting the Earth? A．Everyone can contribute in their own ways. B．Only certain professions can make a difference. C．It is impossible to make any significant changes. D．It is the responsibility of governments and organizations. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段后两句可知，Alison相信每个人都可以为保护地球作出贡献，无论是什么职业，我们都可以用自己的方式提供帮助，故选A项。 An obstacle usually refers to a difficulty or problem that prevents you from achieving something.Whether it was in your past, or you're presently facing an obstacle, you have to resolve it.Some people avoid obstacles or deny their existence.Others let obstacles control them, and they feel defeated.Your attitude towards obstacles will define the outcome of whether you rise from the challenge, or remain stuck in it.Here are some more great things to love about obstacles. First, obstacles give you purposes.Sometimes obstacles can reset your goals.You might have always had a particular way of doing things, or wanted to pursue certain goals; but when you're faced with setbacks or difficulties, you're forced to re-think, and re-examine your path.You may end up focusing on something new and exciting.Or, you may concentrate on something that you otherwise wouldn't have if not for the particular setback.By having to overcome an obstacle, you'll be fulfilling a purpose, rather than just going through the motions.Second, obstacles prepare you for the unexpected.Obstacles serve as guides for where to go next.Even though obstacles can bring out many negative emotions in us, such as frustration, anger, or sadness, it's important to realize that they don't stop you from reaching your intended goals.Instead, they, in a way, give you time to stop and think if perhaps there is a new and better path to take and what you can prepare for what will happen along the way.Obstacles shift your perspective. Obstacles, whether you like them or not, are unavoidable.Life will never stop throwing you new obstacles.So, the best thing to do is to know how to better see and deal with these obstacles, and transform them into opportunities for self-improvement.The more you're able to see obstacles as being an advantage to your life, the better you'll be at managing them. Accepting obstacles will be rewarding.It will make you constantly change and adapt to new situations, allowing you to grow into a better version of yourself. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为议论文，主要阐述了以积极的态度对待人生中的障碍，因为它们有益于人的成长和提升。 8．What determines the outcome of obstacles you face? A．Your own attitude. B．Your quick adaptation. C．Your adequate preparation. D．Your optimistic perseverance. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句可知，决定人生障碍的最终结果的是人的态度，故选A项。 9．What does the underlined part probably mean? A．Acting enthusiastically. B．Acting half-heartedly. C．Being more motivated. D．Being more determined. 答案　B 解析　词句猜测题。根据画线部分所在句及上文rather than just可知，画线部分的意思与句中的you'll be fulfilling a purpose(你会实现一个目标)意思相反，故画线部分指并未集中全部力量去做事，而只是走过场，故选B项。 10．How would obstacles result in benefits? A．They prevent your negative emotions. B．They give you advantages over others. C．They make you think quickly and critically. D．They allow you to view things from new angles. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句可知，障碍会使人寻找更新、更好的途径，转变人看待问题的视角，故选D项。 11．What's the main idea of the passage? A．Avoiding obstacles does harm to life. B．Loving obstacles benefits a lot. C．Obstacles are actually unavoidable. D．Obstacles are double-edged swords. 答案　B 解析　主旨大意题。第一段指出障碍值得人们去爱；第二段从两个方面阐述了障碍可能带给人的好处；第三、四段结题，指出把障碍看作有利因素、阐明克服障碍会使人得到提升。故全文的主旨在于阐述接受障碍对人有益的观点，故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$