课时作业8（Word练习）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2024）

课时作业(八) (限时：30分钟) 层级一　语用巩固 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Tom nodded a greeting(greet) but didn't say anything. 2．I would like to express my appreciation(appreciate) and thanks to you all. 3．Keep your eyes firmly(firm) fixed on the road ahead. 4．Alex jumped up so violently(violent) that he overturned his glass of milk. 5．When his painting was displayed(display) to the public for the first time, it was a hit. 6．The food finally arrived at the end of last week and distribution(distribute) began. 7．I panicked(panic) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine. 8．The painting is not a representative(represent) of his works of the period. 9．The woman who was on passport control asked me if I had any further identification(identify)． 10．He gave a press conference confirming it was the best option to withdraw(withdraw) from the competition. Ⅱ.选词填空 on behalf of, do well in, put forward, set up, be fed up with, together with, deal with, present…with, respond to, in surprise 1．Over the years several similar theories have been put forward. 2．I do well in Chinese so I want to major in Chinese in college. 3．The small river would fill up with mud if not dealt with properly. 4．“Where did that come from？” the little girl asked in surprise. 5．On his birthday party, his colleague presented him with a fishing rod. 6．In the end, I just was fed up with his constant complaining and said goodbye to him. 7．On behalf of the department I would like to thank you all. 8．The teacher, together with the students, is going to attend the lecture tomorrow. 9．They've set up road blocks around the village to prevent strangers coming. 10．I want to know how she responded to the news that she got the first prize in the competition. Ⅲ.单句写作 1．我花了20分钟写这篇作文。(spend some time doing sth) I spent twenty minutes writing the composition. 2．我正想着这件事，突然听到有人叫我的名字。(be doing…when…) I was thinking of this when I suddenly heard my name called. 3．令他们感到惊讶的是，他们的要求被拒绝了。(have sth done) To their surprise, they had their request refused. 4．汤姆来自纽约，那里有很多好的中餐馆。(where引导定语从句) New York, where Tom comes from, has a lot of good Chinese food restaurants. 5．他和汤姆一样是个诚实的人。(as＋adj.＋n.＋as) He is as honest a man as Tom. 层级二　素养提升 Ⅳ.阅读 Mogao Grottoes is located at the western end of the Hexi Corridor along the ancient Silk Road in Dunhuang, China.Until now, most mural paintings at Mogao Grottoes have been dated by directly referring to the mural texts or historical documents.However, some are still left with the creation era(年代) uncertain due to the lack of reference materials or the disagreement of art experts. The drawing style of mural paintings was changing throughout history and can be learned and quantified through painting data.A new dating method has been developed by encoding(编码) the drawing styles using visual codes learned through deep learning.This new method successfully discovered the creation era of six mural paintings at Mogao Grottoes.This new research work is led by Qingquan Li from Shenzhen University. With the help of experts from Dunhuang Academy, seven mural paintings from two grottoes (No.205 and No.206) were chosen as subjects for this dating research. To reveal the creation era of these paintings, Qin Zou, a researcher from Wuhan University, collected 3,860 mural paintings from 194 different grottoes with confirmed creation-era labels.To find the visual codes that can identify the era in these paintings, the authors constructed a deep convolutional neural network(卷积神经网络) and classified(将……分类) these painting images into the right eras.Based on the classification model, a dating method was built and applied to date the seven paintings. Six of the new dating results were approved by experts from Dunhuang Academy. “These dating results are correct and the method is great，” said Mr Hui-Min Wang, a distinguished expert from the Archaeological Institute of Dunhuang Academy. “To the best of our knowledge，” wrote the researchers, “this work represents the first account of a scientific and quantitative manner to support the era prediction and reduce the uncertainties in dating ancient paintings by using deep learning.” 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/艺术。本文为说明文，讲述了敦煌莫高窟壁画断代研究的新方法。 1．In which way can most mural paintings be directly dated? A．By checking painting data. B．By identifying the drawing styles. C．By referring to reference materials. D．By adopting a convolutional neural network. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，大部分壁画都可以通过题记和历史资料直接断代，故选C项。 2．What can be learned about the new dating method? A．It requires a large number of visual codes. B．It dated the seven chosen mural paintings correctly. C．It was developed by experts in Dunhuang Academy. D．It involves collecting information from the mural texts. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，新的研究方法将不同时期的绘画风格进行视觉编码，通过确定风格来对壁画断代，故选A项。 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The importance of creation-era labels. B．How the classification model is created. C．The influence of the new dating research. D．Why the researchers chose 3,860 mural paintings. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。根据第四段最后一句可知，本段主要介绍了分类模型的建立过程，故选B项。 4．What was Mr Wang's attitude toward this new method? A．Doubtful.　　　　　 B．Critical. C．Positive. D．Uninterested. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段中的These dating results are correct and the method is great可知，王先生对新方法持积极的态度，故选C项。 Ⅴ.完形填空 In 2019, Wang Jibing, a food delivery rider, had an 　1　 experience due to the wrong address left by a customer.Wang searched three buildings and climbed 18 floors before he finally managed to 　2　 the food to the customer, who rudely spoke to Wang 　3　 arriving late.As the primary breadwinner for his family, Wang silently 　4　 financial responsibilities, leading him to express his 　5　 through poetry. Wang's poems, simple yet real, are seen as a(n) 　6　 to process his emotions, especially the personal 　7　 he has during his work.His heart is 　8　 by writing the poems, and he has 　9　 them with his friends.In 2022, one of his friends 　10　 Man in a Hurry online.It quickly became a 　11　 and was viewed for over 20 million times.The same year, Wang published a 　12　 of more than 180 poems, under the same title.So far, Wang has written about 4,000 poems.This April, Wang published his second poetry collection, titled I Love This World Clumsily, featuring about 130 poems he has written since July 2022. Wang views poetry as both a 　13　 from stress and an opportunity to document and understand his life.He expressed gratitude for the encouragement received from readers but remained 　14　 his regular job and family responsibilities, 　15　 that his poetry springs from a real love for life's challenges. 1．A．unpleasant B．unclear C．unequal D．unreasonable 2．A.apply B．turn C．reply D．deliver 3．A.before B．by C．for D．in 4．A.shouldered B．refused C．endured D．saved 5．A.demands B．emotions C．wishes D．requirements 6．A.job B．direction C．experiment D．tool 7．A.judgements B．qualities C．ambitions D．experiences 8．A.shocked B．comforted C．protected D．regretted 9．A.copied B．shared C．recovered D．translated 10．A.received B．searched C．posted D．downloaded 11．A.hit B．start C．story D．center 12．A.collection B．magazine C．excerpt D．biography 13．A.skill B．partner C．shelter D．dream 14．A.referred to B．missed out C．brushed aside D．focused on 15．A.promising B．highlighting C．assuming D．suspecting 语篇导读　主题语境：人与自我/做人与做事。本文为记叙文，讲述了外卖员王计兵根据自己送外卖的日常经历创作诗歌，表达自己的真情实感，并在网上走红的故事。 1．答案　A 解析　2019年，外卖骑手王计兵就因为顾客留下错误的地址而经历了一段不愉快的(unpleasant)经历。unclear不清楚的；unequal不平等的；unreasonable不合理的。 2．答案　D 解析　王找了三栋楼，爬了18层才把食物送到(deliver)顾客那里，顾客粗鲁地指责王迟到了。 3．答案　C 解析　arriving late是指责王的原因，应用for。 4．答案　A 解析　此处指作为家里的主要经济支柱，他默默地承担着(shoulder)经济责任，故选A项。 5．答案　B 解析　根据下文可知，此处指他通过诗歌来表达自己的情感(emotion)。 6．答案　D 解析　王的诗歌简单而真实，被视为一种处理情感的工具(tool)，尤其是他在工作中的个人经历(experience)。 7．答案　D 解析　参见上题解析。 8．答案　B 解析　王通过写诗来表达情感，因此他的心在写诗的过程中得到了安慰(comfort)。 9．答案　B 解析　下文them with his friends中them指代诗歌，即和朋友分享(share)他的诗歌。 10．答案　C 解析　2022年，他的一个朋友在网上发布(post)了《赶时间的人》。 11．答案　A 解析　该诗歌迅速走红，点击量超过2000万次。固定短语become a hit表示“大受欢迎”。 12．答案　A 解析　同年，王以同样的名字出版了180多首诗集(collection)。 13．答案　C 解析　王认为诗歌既是逃避压力的庇护所(shelter)，也是记录和理解自己生活的机会。 14．答案　D 解析　句意：他对来自读者的鼓励表示感谢，但仍然专注于(focus on)他的日常工作和家庭责任，并强调(highlight)他的诗歌源于对生活挑战的真正热爱。refer to参考；miss out错过；brush aside不予理会。 15．答案　B 解析　句意参见上题解析。promise承诺；assume认为；suspect怀疑。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Kunqu, also known as Kunju, 1. (be) one of the oldest existing forms of Chinese opera.It developed originally 2. the local music of Kunshan, part of the Wu cultural area, and 3. (late) came to show its importance in Chinese theater from the 16th to the 18th centuries. Due to the extensive performance activities, Kunqu, ranking among the most influential operas now, 4. (introduce) to Beijing in the last years of Wanli.During the end of the Ming Dynasty and the 5. (begin) of the Qing Dynasty, Kunqu spread to Sichuan, Guizhou and Guangdong, and developed into a national drama.6. (enter) various places, Kunqu eventually formed a rich and colorful opera system in combination with local dialects(方言) and folk music.With further development, 7. opera became more well-known and a 8. (represent) art form of the whole nation. In the Qing Dynasty, Kangxi loved Kunqu, 9. led to its increasing popularity, but it was during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty that Kunqu entered its heyday(全盛时期) 10. began to influence the “pear garden” greatly. 语篇导读　主题语境：人与社会/戏剧。本文为说明文，简要介绍了昆曲这一中华文化瑰宝的历史。 1．答案　is 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。本句是主系表结构，also known as Kunju是非谓语动词作定语，空处应是系动词作谓语。此处描述客观情况，应用一般现在时；主语为Kunqu，系动词应用第三人称单数形式，故填is。 2．答案　from 解析　考查介词。此处指昆曲最初是从昆山当地音乐发展而来的，故应用介词from “从”。 3．答案　later 解析　考查词性转换。此处表示后来，在16世纪至18世纪期间，昆曲在中国戏剧中开始展示它的重要性。此处应用副词作状语修饰整个句子，表示“后来”，故填later。 4．答案　was introduced 解析　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处是谓语部分，描述的是过去的事，应用一般过去时；动词introduce与其主语Kunqu之间为动宾关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，故填was introduced。 5．答案　beginning 解析　考查词性转换。根据空前的the和空后的of可知，空处应填名词，故用begin的名词形式 beginning，表示“……的开始”。 6．答案　Having entered 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：流传到很多地方后，昆曲结合当地方言和民间音乐，终于形成了一个丰富多彩的戏剧体系。该句已有谓语动词formed，空处位于句首，应用非谓语动词作状语；enter与其逻辑主语Kunqu之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词。结合语境可知，非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，应用现在分词的完成式作状语，空处位于句首，故填Having entered。 7．答案　the 解析　考查冠词。此处的opera指代的就是前面提到的昆曲，因此应用定冠词表示特指，故填the。 8．答案　representative 解析　考查词性转换。此处表示一种全国的代表性艺术形式，空处作定语修饰后面的名词短语 art form，应用形容词，故填 representative。 9．答案　which 解析　考查引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面提到的康熙喜欢昆曲这件事，故用which。 10．答案　and 解析　考查并列连词。空处连接两个并列的谓语entered和began，且这两个动作之间是顺承关系，应用并列连词and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$