Unit 4 Exploring Literature Grammar and usage 情态动词课件-2024-2025学年高中英语译林版（2020）必修第二册

B2U4Grammar Modal verbs情态动词 Suggestion建议 Ability能力 Necessity必要性 Possibility可能性 Permission许可 Others 情态动词的基本用法 应该 能够 必须 不得不 shall/should/ought to can/could must have to need 需要 mustn't 禁止 needn't 没必要 don't have to 不必 may/might/can/could 可能 should/ought to 应该会 must 一定 can't/couldn't 不可能 may/might+not 可能不 may/might/can/could 可以(吗) will/would 将会;常常 dare/need (to) do sth 敢于/需要 情态动词的特殊用法 1. shall 表示命令,规定 e.g.: One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school. 2. should 表示意外或愤怒,"竟然"/"怎么" e.g.: ①I'm shocked that he should be so rude to you. ②How should I know where you've left your bag? ③Why should I help him? He's never done anything for me. 情态动词的特殊用法 4. may 表示祝愿 e.g.: May you get more than you wish for every year. 6. must "偏要";"坚持要"; (n.)"必须做的事" e.g.: ①Must you play the piano at such a late time? ②If you must smoke, please go outside. ③His new novel is a must for all lovers of science fiction. 5. might (n.)强大力量 e.g.: I pushed the rock with all my might. 3. may/might as well"最好" e.g.: We may as well stay at where we are. 情态动词的特殊用法 e.g.: ①I can't thank you enough/too much for all your help to me. ②You can never be too careful when crossing the road. ③老师再怎么强调记单词的重要性都不为过。 7. can/could+not/never+v adj./adv.+enough too+adj./adv. 越…越好; 再…也不为过 无论如何都不够 The teacher can't stress enough the importance of remembering English words. 情态动词的不同形式 一般式 进行式 完成式 情态V+do 情态V+be done 情态V+be doing 情态V+be being done 情态V+have done 情态V+have been done 情态V+have done的特殊用法 1. 表示对过去发生的事情的推测 must have done may/might have done can't/couldn't have done (过去)一定做过… (过去)可能做过… (过去)不可能做过… e.g.: ①She didn't answer the door. She must have been asleep. ②The train might have been delayed by the storm. ③You couldn't have met him at the party; he was abroad that day. 情态动词的不同形式 2. [虚拟语气]:表示"与过去事实相反" could have done needn't have done should have done should'nt have done might have done (过去)本可以做…但未做 (过去)本不必做…但做了 (过去)本应该做…但未做 (过去)本不该做…但做了 (过去)本可能做…但未做 e.g.: ①You could have called me before coming. ②I might have accepted the offer if the salary was higher. ③You should have told me the truth earlier. ④They shouldn't have trusted him; he lied many times. ⑥我们本可以一起面对困难，但是你为什么不告诉我？ We could have faced the difficulty together, but why didn't you tell me? ⑦我们本不必匆忙，会议推迟了。 We needn't have hurried; the meeting was delayed. Language points e.g.: ①何时开始是一个问题。 When to start is a question.   ②你最好弄清楚把它放在哪里。 You may as well find out where to put it. ③他问我如何学好英语。 ④这个男孩太小而不知道在遇到麻烦时该怎么办。 “特殊疑问词+不定式”在句中作主语/宾语/表语 He asked me how to learn English well. The boy is too young to know what to do when in trouble. e.g.: ①The film’s special effects are ____________ (particular) impressive.   ②Is there anything ___ particular you’d like for dinner? ③He is an open-minded man, and won’t be particular __________ these small things. (1)in particular 尤其,特别 be particular about/over sth 对…讲究/挑剔 (2)particularly (adv.) 尤其;特别;格外地,特别地,特定地 particular (adj.)特别的,格外的;特指的;挑剔的 particularly in about/over e.g.: ①Don’t be so mean.I think he sings well.   ②What she means is that there’s no point in waiting here. ③He is the meanest person I know.You will get nothing from him. ④Is there any means of getting in touch with him. ⑤She gave me a meaningful look. ⑥We can solve this problem by means of cooperation. (1)be mean with sth 在某方面小气 be mean to sb 对某人刻薄 (2)mean to do sth 打算做… mean doing sth 意味着… (3)means (n.)方法,手段 a means of (doing) sth 做某事的方法 by means of… 依靠…方法 by no means 绝不 (4)meaning (n.)意义,意思 (5)meaningful (adj.)有意义的;意味深长的 meaningless (adj.)无意义的 mean (adj.)吝啬的,小气的;不善良的,刻薄的 (vt.)意思是 e.g.: ①He treated them with generosity and thoughtfulness.   ②He was generous _____ his time, for which I was grateful. ③Although he was poor, he was quite generous ____ his friends. ④She is generous in ________ (give) help. ⑤It was generous of him ________ (offer) to pay for us both. ⑥We should show love and appreciation ____________ (generous) to our family and friends. (1)generous (adj.)慷慨的;大方的 be generous with sth 在某方面大方 be generous to sb 对某人大方 be generous in doing sth 大方做某事 It is generous of sb to sth 某人做某事是大方的 (2)generously (adv.)慷慨地 generosity (n.)慷慨,大方,宽宏大量 with to giving to offer generously 1.particular (adj.)特别的,格外的;特指的;挑剔的 (1)in particular 尤其,特别 be particular about/over sth 对…讲究/挑剔 (2)particularly (adv.) 尤其;特别;格外地,特别地,特定地 2.mean (adj.)吝啬的,小气的;不善良的,刻薄的 (vt.)意思是 (1)be mean with sth 在某方面小气 be mean to sb 对某人刻薄 (2)mean to do sth 打算做… mean doing sth 意味着… (3)means (n.)方法,手段 a means of (doing) sth 做某事的方法 by means of… 依靠…方法 by no means 绝不 (4)meaning (n.)意义,意思 (5)meaningful (adj.)有意义的;意味深长的 meaningless (adj.)无意义的 3.generosity (n.)慷慨,大方,宽宏大量 (1)generous (adj.)慷慨的;大方的 be generous with sth 在某方面大方 be generous to sb 对某人大方 be generous in doing sth 大方做某事 It is generous of sb to sth 某人做某事是大方的 (2)generously (adv.)慷慨地 4.“特殊疑问词+不定式”在句中作主语/宾语/表语 $$