精品解析：上海市浦东新区建平中学2024-2025学年高二下学期3月月考英语试题

上海市建平中学2024学年第二学期 第一次阶段质量检测（高二英语） 说明：（1）本场考试时间为120分钟，总分150分； （2）请认真答卷，并用规范文字书写。 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A coach. B. A musician. C. A journalist. D. A secretary. 2. A.7:30. B. 8:00. C. 6:30. D. 8:30. 3. A. In a hospital. B. In a restaurant. C. In a kitchen. D. In a bank. 4. A. Attend a wedding ceremony. B. Organize a family reunion. C. Go on a spring outing. D. Stay home doing nothing. 5. A. A significant quote from a wise man. B. The inspiration from a man in desperation. C. The advice for those in desperation to resign. D. A lesson learnt through fighting against nature. 6. A. The course is becoming more interesting. B. The professor asks students to take notes. C. The fascination of the course is declining. D. He's not as bored in the class as the woman. 7. A. The woman shouldn't watch the program either. B. He did not know that the television was on. C. The TV program will be over before long. D. The woman can turn the television off. 8. A. The woman's work is all in her head. B. The woman has to do two experiments. C. It's a good idea to work together. D. It is the first time for him to study maths. 9. A. The woman is sensitive to the paint. B. The woman likes the decoration of the room. C. The furniture comes from a secondhand store. D. The man is glad that he needn't repaint the walls. 10. A. No one qualifies as the study group leader. B. He is the right person to lead the study group. C. He will recommend someone else as the group leader. D. They shouldn't count on anyone for help with the selection. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. His parents. B. College art students. C. His fellow farmers. D. Art professors. 12. A. Its location in Central China and snacks. B. Its natural landscape and farm products. C. Its farmer paintings and rural tourism. D. Its overseas business and good harvests. 13. A. Xiaohe town sells pens and brushes. B. Villagers give up farming to seek wealth. C. Artists in college integrate art into farming. D. Farmers learn to paint their way out of poverty. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Because it can increase employees' productivity and well-being. B. Because it can help build a harmonious company culture. C. Because it can promote employees' devotion and loyalty. D. Because it can strengthen the ties between employees. 15. A. Production of quality work. B. Dependency on mental therapy. C. A close connection with the world. D. Employees' increasing anxiety and stress. 16. A. Banning the use of mobile devices during work. B. Developing apps to block distracting messages. C. Dividing employees' screen time among different apps. D. Arousing employees' awareness of the importance of digitalization. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. To find someone to fix her car. B. To earn money with her skills. C. To teach others how to play the piano. D. To exchange life necessities with Mark. 18. A. To live with less stuff. B. To publicize consuming desire. C. To raise money for the poor. D. To save money for rainy days. 19. A. They can buy bargains when there is a promotion campaign. B. They can borrow, visit a charity shop, or exchange with others. C. They can make a purchase of whatever stuff within their budget. D. They can only exchange for things with other members of the Compact. 20. A. She needs time for a second thought. B. She can't resist the temptation of shopping. C. She doubts whether it will make a difference. D. She has already joined the City Exchange Network. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Creativity Peaks at Different Ages There are two types of creativity that can blossom at different points in a person’s life. Conceptual innovators do their best work in their mid-twenties, while experimental innovators peak in their fifties. The reason for this difference is that radical thinkers usually come up with ___1___ new before they are immersed in the conventions of their field. Experimenters, however, ___2___ take decades of trial and error and accumulate knowledge to make unusual connections, going beyond the conventions of their area. Conceptual thinkers tend to have precise goals for their works and execute them systematically. Pablo Picasso, T. S. Eliot and Albert Einstein all did their greatest work in youth. Experimental innovators, on the other hand, are ambitious but vague, which leads them ___3___ (take) much longer to develop. The paper cites Paul Cezanne, Virginia Woolf and Charles Darwin all as late bloomers. The researchers focused on the Nobel Prize laureates in economics, applying the distinctions ___4___ conceptual and experimental innovations. They found that just like the artists and scientists, the conceptual innovators did their ___5___ (groundbreaking) work early in careers, while the experimental innovators tended to produce their best work later in life. In other words, whether your creativity peak ___6___ (hit) early or late in your career depends on whether you have a conceptual or experimental approach. After the classification, the researchers determined the age when each made their most important contribution to economics. They determined peak creativity by the point ___7___ the subjects’ scientific papers had the most citations. Their analysis showed that conceptual laureates peaked between the ages of 25 and 29 while experimental laureates did best when they were about twice as old, in their mid-fifties. Lawrence Summers, former president of Harvard University, once refused to offer tenured (终身的) professorships to two 54-year-old scholars out of concern for ___8___ the university called the problem of “extinct volcanoes”. The new findings suggest that this kind of biased thinking ___9___ (lead) to bad decision. It ignores the fact that there are different types of innovators and ____10____ different problems demand different kinds of contributions and solutions. The researchers hope that their work will reduce the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accountable B. blessed C. candidates D. capture E. distinctly F. guaranteed G. likelihood H. match I. scholars J. thankfully ·K. unprepared Good Luck Is Made, Not Borrowed When the gaokao results are announced each year, many successful students share their excitement with videos posted on Bilibili. These clips ____11____ their joy and good fortune, drawing millions of “jie” bullet comments in response. Most of these comments come from other students who hope that some of the “good luck” of the successful ____12____ will also rub off on them. But is good luck really “infectious”? Or does good luck even exist? In one sense, good luck is “infectious.” If you are around successful people, you are likely to achieve success yourself. You learn valuable lessons from their examples of hard work and positive attitudes. The gaokao “winners,” for instance, are ____13____ hard-working students with good study habits. They do not walk into the test room ____14____ and just hope that good fortune will smile upon them. If hard work is ____15____ for success, then does good luck even exist? Well, many people think it does. The ancient Chinese emperors used to go to the Temple of Heaven to pray for a good harvest, but the “luck” often depended on properly maintaining the dykes (堤) along the Yellow River to prevent floods from destroying crops. Today, we understand that there are no “magical forces” at work in the universe — only something called “probability.” Probability is a field of mathematics which studies the ____16____ of outcomes. A random event may have multiple possible results, but we can’t predict the actual one until it occurs. For example, in a football match between China and Argentina, it’s likely, but not ____17____. that Argentina will win. Similarly, it’s possible, though highly unlikely, that all the questions on the gaokao just happen to ____18____ only the ones you’ve studied. Logic, then, tells us that good luck does not exist, but, ____19____, human beings are not completely logical. That’s why we are _____20_____. with the emotional feeling of “hope”— the idea that something good will happen beyond what “probability” suggests. Hope also gives the strength to persevere after we’ve failed, and reminds us that, with hard work, we can change our fortune instead of relying on someone else’s. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Why Play Is Important Play is easy to recognize in children and animals — like a game of tag or chase — but what does it look like in adults? How we play is as ____21____ to an individual as a fingerprint. Play ____22____ evolved to teach children all kinds of skills. While other activities, such as observation or imitation, also contribute to learning, play stands out as the most important and central mechanism for skill development in early life. Its extension into adulthood may have helped to foster cooperation and sharing among early human societies. ____23____, for our earliest ancestors, play wasn’t just about adding fun to their lives but may have been a way of keeping the peace. This was critical for ____24____. There is a ____25____ that adult play exists in modern society. One theory is that we play because it’s wholesome — and there’s research to back that up. At work, play has been found to speed up learning, enhance productivity and increase job satisfaction. And at home, playing together, like going to a movie or a concert, can ____26____ bonding and communication. In fact, play is an important means of reducing stress and promoting overall well-being. Playful adults can transform everyday situations, even stressful ones, into something ____27____. Studies found that highly playful young adults—those who ____28____ themselves high on personality characteristics such as being spontaneous or energetic, or open to “clowning around (逗乐)” — reported less stress in their lives and possessed better coping skills. They have these ____29____ perhaps because they are better able to keep stress in perspective. Play is a human need as _____30_____ to our well-being as sleep. When we are _____31_____ of it, our minds and bodies take notice. Over time, lack of play can cause us to get bad-tempered, rigid or feel stuck in a rut and victimized by life. To fully benefit from play, we need to incorporate it into our everyday lives, not just _____32_____ it for vacations. It’s also important to _____33_____ the kind of play that would be most meaningful to you. Reflect on the activities you enjoyed as a child and consider how they might _____34_____ your adult life. For example, someone who was very active as a child may find recreational sports particularly _____35_____ as an adult. 21. A. controversial B. brilliant C. unique D. fancy 22. A. luckily B. roughly C. consequently D. primarily 23. A. For example B. On the other hand C. By contrast D. In other words 24. A. survival B. application C. success D. promotion 25. A. chance B. principle C. reason D. challenge 26. A. prioritize B. facilitate C. restore D. maintain 27. A. appealing B. magical C. practical D. entertaining 28. A. emphasized B. applauded C. rated D. interpreted 29. A. attributes B. concepts C. visions D. emotions 30. A. characteristic B. complicated C. favored D. essential 31. A. composed B. accused C. deprived D. required 32. A. reserve B. delete C. pray D. approve 33. A. enroll B. cease C. identify D. imagine 34. A. result in B. delight in C. fit into D. venture into 35. A. exhausting B. rewarding C. demanding D. outgoing Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When Olivia Munn was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2023, she struggled even to tell her family. Her now husband, comedian John Mulaney, had to break the news to her relatives because “the words got stuck in my throat,” the actress says. Later, she found her voice in a big way. In a March 2024 Instagram post, Munn detailed her winding health journey. Just months before her diagnosis, she was tested negative for numerous genetic signatures associated with cancer. It wasn’t until her doctor used the Tyrer-Cuzick Risk Assessment Calculator—a simple tool that concluded Munn had a 37% chance of developing breast cancer—that she pursued additional testing, which revealed fast-growing cancer in both breasts. She went through multiple surgeries and had her uterus (子宫) removed to stop production of hormones that could feed her disease. It was because her diagnosis was so unexpected that Munn decided to speak out. “I look at videos of me laughing with my son, running around in the park, feeling and looking healthy——all the while having this really aggressive, fast-moving cancer spreading through my breasts,” she says. “I thought, ‘Man, there’s so many women out there just like me.’ They might have no idea. And it may be too late by the time they find out.” Munn’s candor has had a tangible impact. After she came forward, the National Cancer Institute saw an increase in use of the type of screening test she took, and at least one person—journalist Alison Hall—has gone public about being diagnosed as a result. “It was everything that I had hoped would happen,” Munn says. Although Munn,44, is still recovering, taking a range of medications and weathering the effects of medically induced menopause (更年期), she is also easing back into work, co-starring in the forthcoming Apple TV+ drama Your Friends and Neighbors. These days, Munn says, she has a simple standard for roles: “If something comes around that makes me really happy, then I will do it.” She’s applying the same philosophy to life. Conscious of the crucial role hormones play in her health, she’s lowering her stress levels as much as possible. In difficult situations, “the first thing I ask myself is, “If this stress feeds any cancer that could possibly be in my body, would it be worth it?” Munn says. “The answer is always no.” 36. What does “the words got stuck in my throat” imply about Olivia Munn’s initial reaction to her breast cancer diagnosis? A. She refused to accept the reality of her diagnosis despite the test result from her doctor. B. She felt overwhelmed and unable to communicate her feelings with her family. C. She was angry at her doctor for not identifying her condition earlier. D. She was relieved to finally know the cause of her symptoms. 37. How does Olivia Munn’s description of her pre-diagnosis videos with her son contribute to the narrative of her cancer journey? A. It emphasizes the importance of family support during illness. B. It shows that her cancer was slow-growing and non-threatening. C. It highlights how her healthy appearance is misleading. D. It implies that her cancer was a result of stress from acting career. 38. The underlined word “candor” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to ______? A. openness B. severity C. tolerance D. positivity 39. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Rising Trend of Breast Cancer Screenings B. How Breast Cancer Affects Munn’s Career C. Raising Awareness about Breast Cancer D. Munn Celebrates Recovery from Breast Cancer (B) What Is Plagiarism? Plagiarism means using someone else’s work without giving them proper credit. In academic writing, plagiarizing involves using words, ideas, or information from a source without citing it correctly. Examples of plagiarism Why is it wrong? Copying parts of a text word for word without quotation marks. It makes it seem like these are your own words. Giving incorrect information about a source. If readers can’t find the cited source, they can’t check the information themselves. Reusing work you’ve submitted for a previous assignment, without citing yourself. Though it’s your own work, the reader should be informed that it comes from previous research. Common questions about plagiarism Students often struggle with the details of quoting, paraphrasing, and citing sources. Below, we address some questions and misconceptions students often have about plagiarism. I need to quote and paraphrase a lot Won’t my paper be full of distracting citations? It’s true that some papers do feature a lot of citations. There are ways to reduce clutter by citing more efficiently, such as: Not repeating the full citation when you cite the same source multiple times in a row Omitting citations for information that is common knowledge Is it better to just avoid using sources so I don't risk accidental plagiarism? No, using sources is an essential part of academic writing. Drawing on other sources, and positioning your own ideas in relation to them, is not optional. If you’re worried about the possibility of accidental plagiarism, make sure to: Manage and cite your sources using a citation generator Use generative AI tools responsibly (outputs may be detected by an AI detector) How to make correct citations? In-text citations should be included whenever you quote or paraphrase a source in your text. Author-date citations (used in APA) include the author’s last name, the year of publication, and a page number when available. Author-page citations (used in MLA) are the same except that the year is not included. Both types are divided into parenthetical and narrative citations. In a parenthetical citation, the author’s name appears in parentheses along with the rest of the information. In a narrative citation, the author’s name appears as part of your sentence, not in parentheses. Examples of different types of in-text citation Parenthetical citation Narrative citation Author-date (APA) The treatment proved highly effective! (Smith,2018, p.11). Smith states that the treatment was highly effective (2018, p.11). Author-page (MLA) The treatment proved highly effective (Smith 11) Smith states that the treatment was highly effective (11). 40. Which of the following actions would be considered academically appropriate and honest? A. The cited source in your essay can’t lead to readers checking the information themselves. B. You use generative AI tools to rephrase a text word for word without citations. C. You responsibly cite yourself when you reuse your own previous research paper. D. You include citations for information such as “Water freezes at zero degree Celsius”. 41. Which of the following in-text citations is correct? A. The evolutionary process consists of a series of incremental changes over a long period of time (Darwin,1859). B. Darwin believes that the evolutionary process consists of a series of incremental changes over a long period of time (1859,510). C. Evolution is a gradual process that can act only by very short and slow steps (Darwin,1859, p.510). D. Darwin states that evolution is a gradual process that can act only by very short and slow steps (Darwin,1859,p.510). 42. The passage is most likely to be included in ______. A. a news article about academic misconduct B. a legal document about copyright violation C. an advertisement for plagiarism-detection tools D. a writing guide or student handbook (C) Thieves should be punished — but always and maximally? In Victor Hugo’s “Les Misérables”, Inspector Javert relentlessly pursues Jean Valjean, imprisoned for stealing bread to feed his starving family. Valjean, a lawbreaker, is the novel’s hero, and Javert, who pitilessly enforces the law, its rival. In a slim, thoughtful book, Barry Lam, a philosophy professor at the University of California, warns that liberalism’s tendency towards legalism — coming up with unbiased rules to govern all possible outcomes — is creating a society of Javerts. He has a point: well-intentioned rule-making can inadvertently kill productivity and block moral judgment. As a general principle, people should prefer enforcers as attuned to the law’s spirit as its letter. He approvingly tells the story of a police officer who persuaded a shopkeeper not to press charges against a young man caught stealing food for his starving brother. But some of the same readers who would support this display of compassion no doubt cheered a measure passed in San Francisco last year to limit police discretion (裁量权) by barring them from stopping drivers with a missing number plate or broken tail-light. The measure’s advocates say it will reduce racial bias (police stop black and Latino drivers, they argue, more often than white ones). However, many police stop cars because they suspect the drivers of more serious crimes; now their hands are tied. Discretion is as neutral a value as obedience: people like it when they like the outcome. Mr. Lam often ignores that distinction, along with the motivation for rule-making. He complains that getting a second shot for his daughter’s vaccine was difficult because no record existed of the first. But a health system that enforces no rules (such as requiring records) would soon find itself sued. His opposition to legalism, too, runs to extremes. A bureaucrat at a round-table event where Mr. Lam was speaking refused to approve a coffee purchase at 9.30 am, when it was due to begin, because the preferred vendor started work 30 minutes later. The “by-the-book bureaucrat”, Mr. Lam thunders, “is no less to be feared” than the tyrant (暴君). In fact, Adolf Hitler is far more fearsome than the functionary who requires a short wait for coffee. It is never quite clear which way the book’s title, “Fewer Rules, Better People”, runs. Will less reliance on rules create better people (unlikely), or should societies have fewer rules enforced by better people (great, though fantastical)? Either way this book is as enjoyable and irritating as a university philosophy seminar. 43. Which of the following exercises of discretion would Mr. Lam likely support? A. A government official refuses to approve funding for a community project because the application was submitted after the deadline, despite the project’s potential benefits. B. A school expels a student for bringing a pocketknife to class, though the student had no bad intent and was using it to help a friend fix a piece of equipment. C. A librarian chooses not to charge a late fee for a customer who returns a book a day late, recognizing that the customer has never been late before. D. A hospital refuses to treat a patient in critical condition because the patient can’t provide proof of insurance or medical records. 44. What should enforcers “who are as attuned to the law’s spirit as its letter” do? A Enforcers should prioritize the strict and harsh punishment of lawbreakers above everything. B. Enforcers should apply the law with flexibility, considering context and moral judgment. C. Enforcers should avoid using personal judgment and preference because they invite bias. D. Enforcers should enforce the law only when it aligns with popular opinion or public sentiment. 45. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage? A. The writer thinks the flaw in Mr. Lam’s argument lies in his overemphasis on the importance of motivation for rule-making. B. The writer agrees with Mr. Lam that requiring vaccination records is unnecessary and could lead to legal suits. C The writer describes Lam’s comparison of a “by-the-book bureaucrat” to a tyrant as an overstatement. D. The writer suggests Mr. Lam’s understanding of rules and people is plainly reflected in the book’s title. 46. What is the writer’s overall tone towards Mr. Lam’s book? A. respectful and critical B. appreciative and enjoyable C. opposing and ironic D. emotional and one-sided Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Don’t be afraid of being a mess We all carry some secrets that we would rather not share with the people around us. In much the same way that we may only invite visitors into the “good rooms” of our house while the rest is an absolute tip, we often hide the chaos of our personal lives behind a polished look. This may be a serious mistake, since it’s precisely those vulnerabilities that can offer rich opportunities to bond with the people around us. ____47____ One striking example of it playing out in the public sphere is in the life of Diana, Princess of Wales. At the time, even those who had criticized her in the harshest way would have admitted that she had an incredible capacity to connect with people. And the widespread admiration for her seems to have arisen because of her vulnerabilities, rather than in spite of them. A growing body of research in social psychology suggests that the beautiful mess effect is a common phenomenon. We tend to be overly fearful of negative reactions to our flaws and failures, while underestimating how much people will appreciate our honesty or courage. ____48____ Experiments have shown that the beautiful mess effect applies in all kinds of contexts. Expressing vulnerability can even benefit people in positions of power, who may feel the need to present a flawless image to their followers. ____49____ In an age when perfectly presented portraits fill our Instagram feeds, it’s worth keeping the beautiful mess effect in mind. In today’s digitally polished world, acknowledging your vulnerabilities can seem especially difficult. ____50____ Rather than isolating us, the things that cause us shame are often a sign of our humanity, and a source of intimacy and connection. A. In general, others’ perceptions of our vulnerabilities (脆弱) are far more positive than we imagine. B. Successful people often strategically hide their weaknesses to seek public support and empathy. C. This is sometimes known as the “beautiful mess effect”. D. Leaders who admit to potentially embarrassing weaknesses score highly and inspire greater loyalty. E. However, it will bring about jealousy and hatred among the competitors. F. But if you can calm your inner critic and recognize that frustration and disappointment are universal, you will find it easier to share your perceived flaws with others. Ⅳ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Nature of Genius The nineteenth century saw considerable interest in the nature of genius, and produced not a few studies of famous prodigies. However, the difficulty with the evidence produced by these studies, fascinating as they are in collecting together apparent similarities and exceptions, is that they fail to take into account information from other historical sources about how common or exceptional these were at the time. For instance, infant mortality was high and life expectancy much shorter than today, and for the most part, the cases studied were members of the privileged classes. But nowadays, studies are carried out on a more objective basis. What we appreciate or marvel at in the works and achievements of genius, according to modern psychology, are skills or abilities which are similar to, but so much superior to, our own. But that their minds are not different from our own is demonstrated by the fact that the hard-won discoveries of scientists like Kepler or Einstein become the commonplace knowledge of schoolchildren and the once outrageous shapes and colors of an artist like Paul Klee so soon appear on the fabrics we wear. This does not minimize the supremacy of their achievements, which cap our own as the sub-four-minute milers cap our jogging. To think of geniuses as having uniquely different brains is only reasonable if we accept that each human brain is uniquely different. The purpose of education is to make us even more different from one another, and in the process of being educated we can learn from the achievements of those more gifted than ourselves. We may envy their achievements and fame, but we should also recognize the price they may have paid in terms of perseverance, single-mindedness, dedication, and how often they had to display great courage to make their way to the top. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅴ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 他在比赛中获得了一等奖，迈出了他成为职业小提琴家的关键一步。(mark) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 当父亲看见幼年莫扎特(Mozart)毫无困难地演奏乐曲时，他恍然大悟，儿子身上蕴藏非凡的音乐天赋。(occur) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 评委们为他的成绩鼓掌，不是因为他解题耗时最短，而是他的方法精妙绝伦。(reason) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 这位作曲家毕生倾注于在昆曲中运用通俗艺术元素，为百年雅韵注入生机，使其跨越时空，吸引全球观众。(so that) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ Ⅵ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. QUIZ TODAY 你是李平，今天你在英文报上看到了一幅有趣的漫画（如图所示），令你有感而发，你回家写了篇日记，内容包括： 1.描述漫画； 2.你从中获得的启发。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 上海市建平中学2024学年第二学期 第一次阶段质量检测（高二英语） 说明：（1）本场考试时间为120分钟，总分150分； （2）请认真答卷，并用规范文字书写。 Ⅰ. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. A coach. B. A musician. C. A journalist. D. A secretary. 2. A.7:30. B. 8:00. C. 6:30. D. 8:30. 3. A. In a hospital. B. In a restaurant. C. In a kitchen. D. In a bank. 4. A. Attend a wedding ceremony. B. Organize a family reunion. C. Go on a spring outing. D. Stay home doing nothing. 5. A. A significant quote from a wise man. B. The inspiration from a man in desperation. C. The advice for those in desperation to resign. D. A lesson learnt through fighting against nature. 6. A. The course is becoming more interesting. B. The professor asks students to take notes. C. The fascination of the course is declining. D. He's not as bored in the class as the woman. 7. A. The woman shouldn't watch the program either. B. He did not know that the television was on. C. The TV program will be over before long. D. The woman can turn the television off. 8. A. The woman's work is all in her head. B. The woman has to do two experiments. C. It's a good idea to work together. D. It is the first time for him to study maths. 9. A. The woman is sensitive to the paint. B. The woman likes the decoration of the room. C. The furniture comes from a secondhand store. D. The man is glad that he needn't repaint the walls. 10. A. No one qualifies as the study group leader. B. He is the right person to lead the study group. C. He will recommend someone else as the group leader. D. They shouldn't count on anyone for help with the selection. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. His parents. B. College art students. C. His fellow farmers. D. Art professors. 12. A. Its location in Central China and snacks. B. Its natural landscape and farm products. C. Its farmer paintings and rural tourism. D. Its overseas business and good harvests. 13. A. Xiaohe town sells pens and brushes. B. Villagers give up farming to seek wealth. C. Artists in college integrate art into farming. D. Farmers learn to paint their way out of poverty. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. Because it can increase employees' productivity and well-being. B. Because it can help build a harmonious company culture. C. Because it can promote employees' devotion and loyalty. D. Because it can strengthen the ties between employees. 15. A. Production of quality work. B. Dependency on mental therapy. C. A close connection with the world. D. Employees' increasing anxiety and stress. 16. A. Banning the use of mobile devices during work. B. Developing apps to block distracting messages. C. Dividing employees' screen time among different apps. D. Arousing employees' awareness of the importance of digitalization. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. To find someone to fix her car. B. To earn money with her skills. C. To teach others how to play the piano. D. To exchange life necessities with Mark. 18. A. To live with less stuff. B. To publicize consuming desire. C. To raise money for the poor. D. To save money for rainy days. 19. A. They can buy bargains when there is a promotion campaign. B. They can borrow, visit a charity shop, or exchange with others. C. They can make a purchase of whatever stuff within their budget. D. They can only exchange for things with other members of the Compact. 20. A. She needs time for a second thought. B. She can't resist the temptation of shopping. C. She doubts whether it will make a difference. D. She has already joined the City Exchange Network. Ⅱ. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Creativity Peaks at Different Ages There are two types of creativity that can blossom at different points in a person’s life. Conceptual innovators do their best work in their mid-twenties while experimental innovators peak in their fifties. The reason for this difference is that radical thinkers usually come up with ___1___ new before they are immersed in the conventions of their field. Experimenters, however, ___2___ take decades of trial and error and accumulate knowledge to make unusual connections, going beyond the conventions of their area. Conceptual thinkers tend to have precise goals for their works and execute them systematically. Pablo Picasso, T. S. Eliot and Albert Einstein all did their greatest work in youth. Experimental innovators, on the other hand, are ambitious but vague, which leads them ___3___ (take) much longer to develop. The paper cites Paul Cezanne, Virginia Woolf and Charles Darwin all as late bloomers. The researchers focused on the Nobel Prize laureates in economics, applying the distinctions ___4___ conceptual and experimental innovations. They found that just like the artists and scientists, the conceptual innovators did their ___5___ (groundbreaking) work early in careers, while the experimental innovators tended to produce their best work later in life. In other words, whether your creativity peak ___6___ (hit) early or late in your career depends on whether you have a conceptual or experimental approach. After the classification, the researchers determined the age when each made their most important contribution to economics. They determined peak creativity by the point ___7___ the subjects’ scientific papers had the most citations. Their analysis showed that conceptual laureates peaked between the ages of 25 and 29 while experimental laureates did best when they were about twice as old, in their mid-fifties. Lawrence Summers, former president of Harvard University, once refused to offer tenured (终身的) professorships to two 54-year-old scholars out of concern for ___8___ the university called the problem of “extinct volcanoes”. The new findings suggest that this kind of biased thinking ___9___ (lead) to bad decision. It ignores the fact that there are different types of innovators and ____10____ different problems demand different kinds of contributions and solutions. The researchers hope that their work will reduce the world’s favoritism for precocious geniuses and its ignorance of the creativity that comes with age. 【答案】1. something 2 must 3. to take 4. between 5. most groundbreaking 6. is hit 7. where 8. what 9. leads 10. that 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了不同类型的创造力在不同的年龄达到顶峰，概念性创新者在20多岁出成果，而实验性创新者则在50多岁出成果。 【1题详解】 考查代词。句意：产生这种差异的原因是，激进的思想家通常在沉浸在他们所在领域的惯例之前就提出了一些新的东西。空后的形容词new作后置定语修饰空处，所以空处应用不定代词。这里表示“提出一些新的动词”，在肯定句中应用something。故填something。 【2题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：然而，实验者必须经过几十年的反复试验，积累知识，才能建立不同寻常的联系，超越他们所在领域的惯例。空后的take和accumulate是动词原形，所以空处应用情态动词。这里表示“必须”，应用must。故填must。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：另一方面，实验性创新者雄心勃勃，但含糊不清，这导致他们需要更长的时间来发展。lead sb. to do sth.意为“导致某人做某事”。故填to take。 【4题详解】 考查介词。句意：研究人员专注于诺贝尔经济学奖获得者，应用了概念创新和实验创新之间的区别。根据空前的“the distinctions”和空后的“conceptual and experimental innovations”可知，这里指概念创新和实验创新之间的区别，应用介词between。between...and...意为“在……和……之间”。故填between。 【5题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：他们发现，就像艺术家和科学家一样，概念性创新者在职业生涯的早期做了最具开创性的工作，而实验性创新者往往在稍晚的生活中创作出最好的作品。根据句中的“their best work”可知，这里与其对应，表示最具开创性的工作，应用形容词最高级。groundbreaking的最高级为most groundbreaking。故填most groundbreaking。 【6题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：换句话说，你的创造力高峰是在职业生涯的早期还是晚期达到，取决于你是采用概念性还是实验性的方法。根据depends可知，本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。主语your creativity peak和hit之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且be动词用is。故填is hit。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：他们通过受试者的科学论文被引用次数最多的阶段来确定创造力的峰值。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词point，表示抽象地点，所以用where引导。故填where。 【8题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：哈佛大学前校长Lawrence Summers曾出于对该大学所谓的“死火山”问题的担忧，拒绝向两名54岁的学者提供终身教授职位。空处引导宾语从句，在从句中作called的宾语，应用what。故填what。 【9题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：新的研究结果表明，这种有偏见的思维会导致糟糕的决定。本句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为this kind of biased thinking，谓语用单数形式。故填leads。 【10题详解】 考查同位语从句。句意：它忽略了这样一个事实，即有不同类型的创新者，不同的问题需要不同类型的贡献和解决方案。and连接并列的同位语从句，修饰the fact，且从句的成分和意义完整，所以用that。故填that。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accountable B. blessed C. candidates D. capture E. distinctly F. guaranteed G. likelihood H. match I. scholars J. thankfully ·K. unprepared Good Luck Is Made, Not Borrowed When the gaokao results are announced each year, many successful students share their excitement with videos posted on Bilibili. These clips ____11____ their joy and good fortune, drawing millions of “jie” bullet comments in response. Most of these comments come from other students who hope that some of the “good luck” of the successful ____12____ will also rub off on them. But is good luck really “infectious”? Or does good luck even exist? In one sense, good luck is “infectious.” If you are around successful people, you are likely to achieve success yourself. You learn valuable lessons from their examples of hard work and positive attitudes. The gaokao “winners,” for instance, are ____13____ hard-working students with good study habits. They do not walk into the test room ____14____ and just hope that good fortune will smile upon them. If hard work is ____15____ for success, then does good luck even exist? Well, many people think it does. The ancient Chinese emperors used to go to the Temple of Heaven to pray for a good harvest, but the “luck” often depended on properly maintaining the dykes (堤) along the Yellow River to prevent floods from destroying crops. Today, we understand that there are no “magical forces” at work in the universe — only something called “probability.” Probability is a field of mathematics which studies the ____16____ of outcomes. A random event may have multiple possible results, but we can’t predict the actual one until it occurs. For example, in a football match between China and Argentina, it’s likely, but not ____17____. that Argentina will win. Similarly, it’s possible, though highly unlikely, that all the questions on the gaokao just happen to ____18____ only the ones you’ve studied. Logic, then, tells us that good luck does not exist, but, ____19____, human beings are not completely logical. That’s why we are _____20_____. with the emotional feeling of “hope”— the idea that something good will happen beyond what “probability” suggests. Hope also gives the strength to persevere after we’ve failed, and reminds us that, with hard work, we can change our fortune instead of relying on someone else’s. 【答案】11. D 12. C 13. E 14. K 15. A 16. G 17. F 18. H 19. J 20. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了好运是自己创造的，不是借来的，论述了好运和努力工作之间的关系。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：这些视频捕捉到了他们的快乐和好运，吸引了数百万“借”的弹幕评论。根据“their joy and good fortune”以及句意“捕捉”可知应用动词capture，作谓语，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语用原形。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些评论大多来自其他学生，他们希望高考成功的考生的一些“好运”也能传染给他们。根据“some of the “good luck” of the successful”以及句意“候选人（高考成功的考生）”可知应用复数名词candidates，作宾语，故选C。 【13题详解】 考查副词。句意：例如，高考的“优胜者”显然都是努力学习、有良好学习习惯的学生。根据“hard-working students with good study habits”以及句意“显然”可知应用副词distinctly，修饰形容词。故选E。 【14题详解】 考查形容词。句意：他们不会毫无准备地走进考场，只是希望好运会向他们微笑。根据“just hope that good fortune will smile upon them”以及句意“毫无准备的”可知应用形容词unprepared，故选K。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果努力工作是成功的原因，那么运气还存在吗？根据“for success, then does good luck even exist?”以及句意“是……的原因”可知短语为be accountable for，作表语。故选A。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：概率论是研究结果可能性的数学领域。根据“Probability is a field of mathematics which studies the”以及句意“可能性”可知应用名词likelihood，作宾语，故选G。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：例如，在中国和阿根廷之间的足球比赛中，阿根廷很可能会赢，但不能保证会赢。根据“that Argentina will win”以及句意“保证”可知应用形容词guaranteed，作表语。故选F。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：同样，也有可能（尽管可能性很小），高考中的所有题目都恰好与你学过的题目相匹配。根据“only the ones you’ve studied”以及句意“匹配”可知应用动词match，上文为短语happen to do sth.。故选H。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：那么，逻辑告诉我们，好运是不存在的，但谢天谢地，人类并不是完全合乎逻辑的。根据“human beings are not completely logical”以及句意“谢天谢地”可知应用副词thankfully，修饰后文句子。故选J。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这就是为什么我们被“希望”的情感所祝福——好事会发生的想法超出了“概率”所暗示的。根据“the emotional feeling of “hope” — the idea that something good will happen beyond what “probability” suggests.”以及句意“被……所祝福”可知短语为be blessed with，故选B。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Why Play Is Important Play is easy to recognize in children and animals — like a game of tag or chase — but what does it look like in adults? How we play is as ____21____ to an individual as a fingerprint. Play ____22____ evolved to teach children all kinds of skills. While other activities, such as observation or imitation, also contribute to learning, play stands out as the most important and central mechanism for skill development in early life. Its extension into adulthood may have helped to foster cooperation and sharing among early human societies. ____23____, for our earliest ancestors, play wasn’t just about adding fun to their lives but may have been a way of keeping the peace. This was critical for ____24____. There is a ____25____ that adult play exists in modern society. One theory is that we play because it’s wholesome — and there’s research to back that up. At work, play has been found to speed up learning, enhance productivity and increase job satisfaction. And at home, playing together, like going to a movie or a concert, can ____26____ bonding and communication. In fact, play is an important means of reducing stress and promoting overall well-being. Playful adults can transform everyday situations, even stressful ones, into something ____27____. Studies found that highly playful young adults—those who ____28____ themselves high on personality characteristics such as being spontaneous or energetic, or open to “clowning around (逗乐)” — reported less stress in their lives and possessed better coping skills. They have these ____29____ perhaps because they are better able to keep stress in perspective. Play is a human need as _____30_____ to our well-being as sleep. When we are _____31_____ of it, our minds and bodies take notice. Over time, lack of play can cause us to get bad-tempered, rigid or feel stuck in a rut and victimized by life. To fully benefit from play, we need to incorporate it into our everyday lives, not just _____32_____ it for vacations. It’s also important to _____33_____ the kind of play that would be most meaningful to you. Reflect on the activities you enjoyed as a child and consider how they might _____34_____ your adult life. For example, someone who was very active as a child may find recreational sports particularly _____35_____ as an adult. 21. A. controversial B. brilliant C. unique D. fancy 22. A. luckily B. roughly C. consequently D. primarily 23. A. For example B. On the other hand C. By contrast D. In other words 24. A. survival B. application C. success D. promotion 25. A. chance B. principle C. reason D. challenge 26. A. prioritize B. facilitate C. restore D. maintain 27 A. appealing B. magical C. practical D. entertaining 28. A. emphasized B. applauded C. rated D. interpreted 29. A. attributes B. concepts C. visions D. emotions 30. A. characteristic B. complicated C. favored D. essential 31. A. composed B. accused C. deprived D. required 32. A. reserve B. delete C. pray D. approve 33. A. enroll B. cease C. identify D. imagine 34. A. result in B. delight in C. fit into D. venture into 35. A. exhausting B. rewarding C. demanding D. outgoing 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. C 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了玩耍为什么对人来说十分重要以及如何将玩耍融入生活。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们玩耍的方式对每个人来说都是独一无二的，就像指纹一样。A. controversial有争议的；B. brilliant出色的；C. unique独一无二的；D. fancy时髦的。根据后文“as a fingerprint”可知，突出玩耍方式像指纹一样独一无二。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：玩耍最初是为了教会孩子各种技能而进化的。A. luckily幸运地；B. roughly大概；C. consequently因此；D. primarily最初。根据后文“evolved to teach children all kinds of skills”指玩耍最初的作用是为了帮助孩子获得技能。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：换句话说，对于我们最早的祖先来说，玩耍不仅仅是为他们的生活增添乐趣，而且可能是一种保持和平的方式。A. For example例如；B. On the other hand另一方面；C. By contrast相比之下；D. In other words换句话说。上文“While other activities, such as observation or imitation, also contribute to learning, play stands out as the most important and central mechanism for skill development in early life. Its extension into adulthood may have helped to foster cooperation and sharing among early human societies.(虽然观察或模仿等其他活动也有助于学习，但玩耍是早期生活中技能发展的最重要和最核心的机制。它延伸到成年期可能有助于促进早期人类社会的合作和分享)”是对玩耍的官方解释，后文“for our earliest ancestors, play wasn’t just about adding fun to their lives but may have been a way of keeping the peace”则是为了进一步解释这一概念所概括出的内容，即换句话说，对于我们最早的祖先来说，玩耍不仅仅是为他们的生活增添乐趣，而且可能是一种保持和平的方式。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对生存至关重要。A. survival生存；B. application申请；C. success成功；D. promotion晋升。根据上文“for our earliest ancestors, play wasn’t just about adding fun to their lives but may have been a way of keeping the peace”可知，对古代祖先来说，玩耍可以增添乐趣，还能保持和平，说明对生存很重要。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：成人玩耍存在于现代社会是有原因的。A. chance机会；B. principle原则；C. reason理由；D. challenge挑战。后文“One theory is that we play because it’s wholesome — and there’s research to back that up. At work, play has been found to speed up learning, enhance productivity and increase job satisfaction.(一种理论是，我们玩耍是因为它有益健康——有研究支持这一观点。研究发现，在工作中，玩耍可以加快学习速度，提高工作效率，提高工作满意度)”主要论述的是大人玩耍的理由。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在家里，一起玩，比如去看电影或听音乐会，可以促进联系和交流。A. prioritize优先考虑；B. facilitate促进；C. restore储存；D. maintain维持。根据上文“playing together, like going to a movie or a concert”以及后文“bonding and communication”指一起玩可以促进联系和交流。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爱玩的成年人可以把每天的情况，甚至是有压力的情况，变成有趣的事情。A. appealing吸引人的；B. magical神奇的；C. practical实际的；D. entertaining娱乐的。根据上文“In fact, play is an important means of reducing stress and promoting overall well-being.(事实上，玩耍是减轻压力和促进整体健康的重要手段)”以及“Playful adults can transform everyday situations, even stressful ones, into something”可知，爱玩的成年人通过玩耍来减压，把有压力的情况，变成有趣的事情。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究发现，那些非常爱玩的年轻人——那些在性格特征上评价自己很高的人，比如自发的、精力充沛的、或者喜欢“胡闹”的人——报告说他们的生活压力更小，应对能力也更好。A. emphasized强调；B. applauded鼓掌；C. rated认为；D. interpreted解释。根据后文“themselves high on personality characteristics such as being spontaneous or energetic”指那些在性格特征上评价自己很高的人，rate oneself high表示“对自己评价高”。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们有这些特质——也许是因为他们更能正确看待压力。A. attributes特质，属性；B. concepts概念；C. visions视野；D. emotions情绪。此处指上文“themselves high on personality characteristics such as being spontaneous or energetic, or open to “clowning around””提到的自发的、精力充沛的、或者喜欢“胡闹”这些性格特质，故选A。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：玩耍是人类的一种需要，就像睡眠一样对我们的健康至关重要。A. characteristic独特的；B. complicated复杂的；C. favored有利的；D. essential至关重要的。根据后文“our well-being as sleep”指玩耍和睡眠一样对健康至关重要。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们被剥夺了它，我们的思想和身体就会注意到。A. composed组成；B. accused控告；C. deprived剥夺；D. required需要。根据后文“Over time, lack of play can cause us to get bad-tempered, rigid or feel stuck in a rut and victimized by life.(随着时间的推移，缺乏玩耍会导致我们脾气暴躁、死板或感觉陷入窠臼，并成为生活的受害者)”可知，指剥夺了玩耍的乐趣，思想和身体会发生变化。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了从玩耍中充分受益，我们需要将它融入我们的日常生活，而不仅仅是留着假期才去玩。A. reserve保留；B. delete删除；C. pray祈祷；D. approve赞成。根据上文“we need to incorporate it into our everyday lives, not just”可知，要把玩耍融入日常生活，而不是留着假期才去玩，短语reserve…for…表示“为了……而保留”。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：确定对你来说最有意义的玩耍类型也很重要。A. enroll登记；B. cease停止；C. identify确定，识别；D. imagine想象。根据后文“the kind of play that would be most meaningful to you”以及“Reflect on the activities you enjoyed”可知，要确定有意义的玩耍类型，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：回想一下你小时候喜欢的活动，并考虑一下它们如何适合你的成年生活。A. result in导致；B. delight in喜爱；C. fit into适合；D. venture into敢于。呼应上文“we need to incorporate it into our everyday lives”指反思小时候喜欢的活动，并且考虑融入成年生活。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，小时候非常活跃的人长大后可能会发现休闲运动特别有益。A. exhausting使人疲惫不堪的；B. rewarding有益的；C. demanding要求高的；D. outgoing外向的。根据上文“someone who was very active as a child may find recreational sports particularly”以及文章主要强调了玩耍的重要性和好处，所以此处的例子是说小时候非常活跃的人长大后可能会发现休闲运动特别有益。故选B。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) When Olivia Munn was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2023, she struggled even to tell her family. Her now husband, comedian John Mulaney, had to break the news to her relatives because “the words got stuck in my throat,” the actress says. Later, she found her voice in a big way. In a March 2024 Instagram post, Munn detailed her winding health journey. Just months before her diagnosis, she was tested negative for numerous genetic signatures associated with cancer. It wasn’t until her doctor used the Tyrer-Cuzick Risk Assessment Calculator—a simple tool that concluded Munn had a 37% chance of developing breast cancer—that she pursued additional testing, which revealed fast-growing cancer in both breasts. She went through multiple surgeries and had her uterus (子宫) removed to stop production of hormones that could feed her disease. It was because her diagnosis was so unexpected that Munn decided to speak out. “I look at videos of me laughing with my son, running around in the park, feeling and looking healthy——all the while having this really aggressive, fast-moving cancer spreading through my breasts,” she says. “I thought, ‘Man, there’s so many women out there just like me.’ They might have no idea. And it may be too late by the time they find out.” Munn’s candor has had a tangible impact. After she came forward, the National Cancer Institute saw an increase in use of the type of screening test she took, and at least one person—journalist Alison Hall—has gone public about being diagnosed as a result. “It was everything that I had hoped would happen,” Munn says. Although Munn,44, is still recovering, taking a range of medications and weathering the effects of medically induced menopause (更年期), she is also easing back into work, co-starring in the forthcoming Apple TV+ drama Your Friends and Neighbors. These days, Munn says, she has a simple standard for roles: “If something comes around that makes me really happy, then I will do it.” She’s applying the same philosophy to life. Conscious of the crucial role hormones play in her health, she’s lowering her stress levels as much as possible. In difficult situations, “the first thing I ask myself is, “If this stress feeds any cancer that could possibly be in my body, would it be worth it?” Munn says. “The answer is always no.” 36. What does “the words got stuck in my throat” imply about Olivia Munn’s initial reaction to her breast cancer diagnosis? A. She refused to accept the reality of her diagnosis despite the test result from her doctor. B. She felt overwhelmed and unable to communicate her feelings with her family. C. She was angry at her doctor for not identifying her condition earlier. D She was relieved to finally know the cause of her symptoms. 37. How does Olivia Munn’s description of her pre-diagnosis videos with her son contribute to the narrative of her cancer journey? A. It emphasizes the importance of family support during illness. B. It shows that her cancer was slow-growing and non-threatening. C. It highlights how her healthy appearance is misleading. D. It implies that her cancer was a result of stress from acting career. 38. The underlined word “candor” in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to ______? A. openness B. severity C. tolerance D. positivity 39. What is the best title for the passage? A. The Rising Trend of Breast Cancer Screenings B. How Breast Cancer Affects Munn’s Career C. Raising Awareness about Breast Cancer D. Munn Celebrates Recovery from Breast Cancer 【答案】36. B 37. C 38. A 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述Olivia Munn公开乳腺癌经历，提醒女性提高筛查意识的故事。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“ Her now husband, comedian John Mulaney, had to break the news to her relatives because “the words got stuck in my throat,” the actress says. (她现在的丈夫，喜剧演员约翰·穆拉尼，不得不把这个消息告诉她的亲戚，因为“我说不出话来，”这位女演员说。)”可知，Olivia Munn确诊后，话卡在喉咙里说不出口，因此她的丈夫替她向家人传达了消息。这句话表明她感到不知所措，无法与家人交流自己的感受。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I look at videos of me laughing with my son, running around in the park, feeling and looking healthy——all the while having this really aggressive, fast-moving cancer spreading through my breasts (我看我和儿子一起笑的视频，在公园里跑来跑去的视频，感觉很健康，看起来也很健康——与此同时，我的乳房里却有这种侵袭性强、快速扩散的癌症)”可知，Olivia确诊前的视频中她看起来健康、快乐，但实际上体内已存在侵袭性强的快速扩散的癌症。这一对比强调了她表面健康的假象，即表象具有误导性。故选C。 【38题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段“It was because her diagnosis was so unexpected that Munn decided to speak out. (这是因为她的诊断结果太出乎意料了，所以穆恩决定说出来。)”及第四段“After she came forward, the National Cancer Institute saw an increase in use of the type of screening test she took, and at least one person—journalist Alison Hall—has gone public about being diagnosed as a result. (在她站出来之后，美国国家癌症研究所发现她所做的筛查测试的人越来越多，至少有一个人——记者艾莉森·霍尔——公开了自己的诊断结果。)”可知，国家癌症研究所的相关筛查使用率上升，并有人因她的发声而被确诊。是因为她告知公众自己患病，这直接引发了公众关注和行动，由此推断candor的含义是“公开，告知公众”。故选A。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“When Olivia Munn was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2023, she struggled even to tell her family. Her now husband, comedian John Mulaney, had to break the news to her relatives (当奥利维亚穆恩在2023年被诊断出患有乳腺癌时，她甚至很难告诉她的家人。她现在的丈夫，喜剧演员约翰·穆拉尼不得不把这个消息告诉她的亲戚)”，第三段“It was because her diagnosis was so unexpected that Munn decided to speak out. (这是因为她的诊断结果太出乎意料了，所以穆恩决定说出来。)”，第四段“Munn’s candor has had a tangible impact. After she came forward, the National Cancer Institute saw an increase in use of the type of screening test she took (穆恩的坦率产生了切实的影响。在她站出来后，美国国家癌症研究所发现，她所做的这种筛查测试的使用有所增加)”可知，文章核心是Olivia Munn通过公开自身经历，呼吁公众重视乳腺癌筛查，即提高对乳腺癌的认识。故选C。 (B) What Is Plagiarism? Plagiarism means using someone else’s work without giving them proper credit. In academic writing, plagiarizing involves using words, ideas, or information from a source without citing it correctly. Examples of plagiarism Why is it wrong? Copying parts of a text word for word, without quotation marks. It makes it seem like these are your own words. Giving incorrect information about a source. If readers can’t find the cited source, they can’t check the information themselves. Reusing work you’ve submitted for a previous assignment, without citing yourself. Though it’s your own work, the reader should be informed that it comes from previous research. Common questions about plagiarism Students often struggle with the details of quoting, paraphrasing, and citing sources. Below, we address some questions and misconceptions students often have about plagiarism. I need to quote and paraphrase a lot. Won’t my paper be full of distracting citations? It’s true that some papers do feature a lot of citations. There are ways to reduce clutter by citing more efficiently, such as: Not repeating the full citation when you cite the same source multiple times in a row Omitting citations for information that is common knowledge Is it better to just avoid using sources so I don't risk accidental plagiarism? No, using sources is an essential part of academic writing. Drawing on other sources, and positioning your own ideas in relation to them, is not optional. If you’re worried about the possibility of accidental plagiarism, make sure to: Manage and cite your sources using a citation generator Use generative AI tools responsibly (outputs may be detected by an AI detector) How to make correct citations? In-text citations should be included whenever you quote or paraphrase a source in your text. Author-date citations (used in APA) include the author’s last name, the year of publication, and a page number when available. Author-page citations (used in MLA) are the same except that the year is not included. Both types are divided into parenthetical and narrative citations. In a parenthetical citation, the author’s name appears in parentheses along with the rest of the information. In a narrative citation, the author’s name appears as part of your sentence, not in parentheses. Examples of different types of in-text citation Parenthetical citation Narrative citation Author-date (APA) The treatment proved highly effective! (Smith,2018, p.11). Smith states that the treatment was highly effective (2018, p.11). Author-page (MLA) The treatment proved highly effective (Smith 11). Smith states that the treatment was highly effective (11). 40. Which of the following actions would be considered academically appropriate and honest? A. The cited source in your essay can’t lead to readers checking the information themselves. B. You use generative AI tools to rephrase a text word for word without citations. C. You responsibly cite yourself when you reuse your own previous research paper. D. You include citations for information such as “Water freezes at zero degree Celsius”. 41. Which of the following in-text citations is correct? A. The evolutionary process consists of a series of incremental changes over a long period of time (Darwin,1859). B. Darwin believes that the evolutionary process consists of a series of incremental changes over a long period of time (1859,510). C. Evolution is a gradual process that can act only by very short and slow steps (Darwin,1859, p.510). D. Darwin states that evolution is a gradual process that can act only by very short and slow steps (Darwin,1859,p.510). 42. The passage is most likely to be included in ______. A. a news article about academic misconduct B. a legal document about copyright violation C. an advertisement for plagiarism-detection tools D. a writing guide or student handbook 【答案】40. C 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章全面介绍了抄袭的相关知识，包括其定义、表现形式、常见问题以及如何避免。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一个表格内容“Reusing work you’ve submitted for a previous assignment, without citing yourself.(重用自己以前提交的作业内容，如果不引用自己，是不恰当的。)”和“Though it’s your own work, the reader should be informed that it comes from previous research.(尽管这是你自己的工作，但读者应该知道它来源于之前的研究。)”可知，当你重用自己以前的研究论文时，应该负责任地引用自己，这是学术上恰当和诚实的行为。故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据How to make correct citations?部分的“Author-date citations (used in APA) include the author’s last name, the year of publication, and a page number when available.(APA格式的作者-日期引用需要包括作者的姓氏、出版年份，以及如果可用的话，还包括页码。)”可知，C项“Evolution is a gradual process that can act only by very short and slow steps (Darwin,1859, p.510).(进化是一个渐进的过程，只能通过非常微小且缓慢的步骤来进行（达尔文，1859年，第510页）。)”符合APA格式的引用规则，包括了作者的姓氏、出版年份和页码。故选C。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据首段“Plagiarism means using someone else’s work without giving them proper credit. In academic writing, plagiarizing involves using words, ideas, or information from a source without citing it correctly.(抄袭是指在未给予他人适当认可的情况下使用他人的作品。在学术写作中，剽窃涉及在未正确引用来源的情况下使用其文字、思想或信息。)”可知，此处介绍了抄袭的定义，结合下文介绍的抄袭的表现形式、常见问题以及如何避免可知，这是典型的写作指南或学生手册中的内容。故选D。 (C) Thieves should be punished — but always and maximally? In Victor Hugo’s “Les Misérables”, Inspector Javert relentlessly pursues Jean Valjean, imprisoned for stealing bread to feed his starving family. Valjean, a lawbreaker, is the novel’s hero, and Javert, who pitilessly enforces the law, its rival. In a slim, thoughtful book, Barry Lam, a philosophy professor at the University of California, warns that liberalism’s tendency towards legalism — coming up with unbiased rules to govern all possible outcomes — is creating a society of Javerts. He has a point: well-intentioned rule-making can inadvertently kill productivity and block moral judgment. As a general principle, people should prefer enforcers as attuned to the law’s spirit as its letter. He approvingly tells the story of a police officer who persuaded a shopkeeper not to press charges against a young man caught stealing food for his starving brother. But some of the same readers who would support this display of compassion no doubt cheered a measure passed in San Francisco last year to limit police discretion (裁量权) by barring them from stopping drivers with a missing number plate or broken tail-light. The measure’s advocates say it will reduce racial bias (police stop black and Latino drivers, they argue, more often than white ones). However, many police stop cars because they suspect the drivers of more serious crimes; now their hands are tied. Discretion is as neutral a value as obedience: people like it when they like the outcome. Mr. Lam often ignores that distinction, along with the motivation for rule-making. He complains that getting a second shot for his daughter’s vaccine was difficult because no record existed of the first. But a health system that enforces no rules (such as requiring records) would soon find itself sued. His opposition to legalism, too, runs to extremes. A bureaucrat at a round-table event where Mr. Lam was speaking refused to approve a coffee purchase at 9.30 am, when it was due to begin, because the preferred vendor started work 30 minutes later. The “by-the-book bureaucrat”, Mr. Lam thunders, “is no less to be feared” than the tyrant (暴君). In fact, Adolf Hitler is far more fearsome than the functionary who requires a short wait for coffee. It is never quite clear which way the book’s title “Fewer Rules, Better People”, runs. Will less reliance on rules create better people (unlikely), or should societies have fewer rules enforced by better people (great, though fantastical)? Either way this book is as enjoyable and irritating as a university philosophy seminar. 43. Which of the following exercises of discretion would Mr. Lam likely support? A. A government official refuses to approve funding for a community project because the application was submitted after the deadline, despite the project’s potential benefits. B. A school expels a student for bringing a pocketknife to class, though the student had no bad intent and was using it to help a friend fix a piece of equipment. C. A librarian chooses not to charge a late fee for a customer who returns a book a day late, recognizing that the customer has never been late before. D. A hospital refuses to treat a patient in critical condition because the patient can’t provide proof of insurance or medical records. 44. What should enforcers “who are as attuned to the law’s spirit as its letter” do? A. Enforcers should prioritize the strict and harsh punishment of lawbreakers above everything. B. Enforcers should apply the law with flexibility, considering context and moral judgment. C. Enforcers should avoid using personal judgment and preference because they invite bias. D. Enforcers should enforce the law only when it aligns with popular opinion or public sentiment. 45. Which of the following statements is true, according to the passage? A. The writer thinks the flaw in Mr. Lam’s argument lies in his overemphasis on the importance of motivation for rule-making. B. The writer agrees with Mr. Lam that requiring vaccination records is unnecessary and could lead to legal suits. C. The writer describes Lam’s comparison of a “by-the-book bureaucrat” to a tyrant as an overstatement. D. The writer suggests Mr. Lam’s understanding of rules and people is plainly reflected in the book’s title. 46. What is the writer’s overall tone towards Mr. Lam’s book? A. respectful and critical B. appreciative and enjoyable C. opposing and ironic D. emotional and one-sided 【答案】43. C 44. B 45. C 46. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论了加州大学哲学教授Barry Lam在其著作中对自由主义法律主义的批评，以及他对规则制定与执行的看法。文章通过对Lam观点的分析，探讨了法律执行中的灵活性与道德判断的重要性，同时也指出了Lam观点中的极端之处。 【43题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“He approvingly tells the story of a police officer who persuaded a shopkeeper not to press charges against a young man caught stealing food for his starving brother.(他赞赏地讲述了一位警察说服店主不对一个为饥饿的兄弟偷食物的年轻人提起指控的故事)”可推知，Mr. Lam支持在特定情况下灵活运用法律，考虑道德判断。C选项“图书管理员认识到顾客以前从来没有迟到过，所以选择不向逾期一天还书的顾客收取滞纳金”可能是Mr. Lam支持的。故选C。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“As a general principle, people should prefer enforcers as attuned to the law’s spirit as its letter.(作为一般原则，人们应该更喜欢那些既遵循法律条文又理解法律精神的执法者)”可推知，执法者应该在应用法律时保持灵活性，考虑法律条文内容和道德判断。故选B。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“The “by-the-book bureaucrat”, Mr. Lam thunders, “is no less to be feared” than the tyrant (暴君). In fact, Adolf Hitler is far more fearsome than the functionary who requires a short wait for coffee.(Lam怒斥道，“照本宣科的官僚”和暴君“一样可怕”。事实上，阿道夫·希特勒远比那些只需要等一会儿就能喝咖啡的公务员可怕得多)”可推知，作者认为Lam将“按书办事的官僚”与暴君相比较是夸张的。故选C。 【46题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Either way this book is as enjoyable and irritating as a university philosophy seminar.(无论如何，这本书既令人愉快又令人恼火，就像大学哲学研讨会一样)”可推知，作者对Lam的书持有尊重和批评的态度。故选A。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Don’t be afraid of being a mess We all carry some secrets that we would rather not share with the people around us. In much the same way that we may only invite visitors into the “good rooms” of our house while the rest is an absolute tip, we often hide the chaos of our personal lives behind a polished look. This may be a serious mistake, since it’s precisely those vulnerabilities that can offer rich opportunities to bond with the people around us. ____47____ One striking example of it playing out in the public sphere is in the life of Diana, Princess of Wales. At the time, even those who had criticized her in the harshest way would have admitted that she had an incredible capacity to connect with people. And the widespread admiration for her seems to have arisen because of her vulnerabilities, rather than in spite of them. A growing body of research in social psychology suggests that the beautiful mess effect is a common phenomenon. We tend to be overly fearful of negative reactions to our flaws and failures, while underestimating how much people will appreciate our honesty or courage. ____48____ Experiments have shown that the beautiful mess effect applies in all kinds of contexts. Expressing vulnerability can even benefit people in positions of power, who may feel the need to present a flawless image to their followers. ____49____ In an age when perfectly presented portraits fill our Instagram feeds, it’s worth keeping the beautiful mess effect in mind. In today’s digitally polished world, acknowledging your vulnerabilities can seem especially difficult. ____50____ Rather than isolating us, the things that cause us shame are often a sign of our humanity, and a source of intimacy and connection. A. In general, others’ perceptions of our vulnerabilities (脆弱) are far more positive than we imagine. B. Successful people often strategically hide their weaknesses to seek public support and empathy. C. This is sometimes known as the “beautiful mess effect”. D. Leaders who admit to potentially embarrassing weaknesses score highly and inspire greater loyalty. E. However, it will bring about jealousy and hatred among the competitors. F. But if you can calm your inner critic and recognize that frustration and disappointment are universal, you will find it easier to share your perceived flaws with others. 【答案】47. C 48. A 49. D 50. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述承认脆弱能促进人际关系，即“美丽混乱效应”的积极作用。 【47题详解】 根据下文“One striking example of it playing out in the public sphere is in the life of Diana, Princess of Wales. (威尔士王妃戴安娜（Diana）的生活就是一个明显的例子)”可知，划线处后的内容提到戴安娜王妃的例子，说明她的脆弱帮助她连接他人，并且公众的钦佩源于她的脆弱。这应该是在引入“美丽混乱效应”的概念，所以选项C“This is sometimes known as the “beautiful mess effect (这有时被称为“美丽的混乱效应”)”符合逻辑，即划线处首次提出这个术语，后面的例子作为例证。故选C。 【48题详解】 根据上文“We tend to be overly fearful of negative reactions to our flaws and failures, while underestimating how much people will appreciate our honesty or courage. (我们往往过于害怕对我们的缺点和失败的负面反应，而低估了人们对我们的诚实和勇气的欣赏程度)”可知，前文提到研究显示人们过于担心负面反应，而低估他人的欣赏。则划线处会进一步说明他人对脆弱的看法比我们想象的积极，与研究结果一致。选项A“In general, others' perceptions of our vulnerabilities are far more positive than we imagine. (一般来说，别人对我们弱点的看法比我们想象的要积极得多)”符合逻辑。故选A。 【49题详解】 根据上文“Expressing vulnerability can even benefit people in positions of power, who may feel the need to present a flawless image to their followers. (表达自己的脆弱甚至对身居要职的人也有好处，因为他们可能会觉得有必要向自己的追随者展示一个完美无瑕的形象)”可知，前文讲有权势的人展示脆弱的好处，因此下文可以举例说明领导者承认弱点带来的积极效果，选项D“Leaders who admit to potentially embarrassing weaknesses score highly and inspire greater loyalty. (承认自己可能存在令人尴尬的缺点的领导者得分较高，也能激发更大的忠诚度)”符合逻辑。故选D。 【50题详解】 根据上文“In today’s digitally polished world, acknowledging your vulnerabilities can seem especially difficult. (在当今这个数字化的世界里，承认自己的弱点似乎特别困难)”可知，前文提到在社交媒体时代承认脆弱困难，但后面转折说这些羞耻的事情反而是人性的标志，带来亲密和联系。选项F“But if you can calm your inner critic and recognize that frustration and disappointment are universal, you will find it easier to share your perceived flaws with others. (但如果你能平息内心的批评，认识到挫折和失望是普遍存在的，你会发现更容易与他人分享你的缺点)”承接前文，建议如何应对困难，符合逻辑。故选F。 Ⅳ. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Nature of Genius The nineteenth century saw considerable interest in the nature of genius, and produced not a few studies of famous prodigies. However, the difficulty with the evidence produced by these studies, fascinating as they are in collecting together apparent similarities and exceptions, is that they fail to take into account information from other historical sources about how common or exceptional these were at the time. For instance, infant mortality was high and life expectancy much shorter than today, and for the most part, the cases studied were members of the privileged classes. But nowadays, studies are carried out on a more objective basis. What we appreciate or marvel at in the works and achievements of genius, according to modern psychology, are skills or abilities which are similar to, but so much superior to, our own. But that their minds are not different from our own is demonstrated by the fact that the hard-won discoveries of scientists like Kepler or Einstein become the commonplace knowledge of schoolchildren and the once outrageous shapes and colors of an artist like Paul Klee so soon appear on the fabrics we wear. This does not minimize the supremacy of their achievements, which cap our own as the sub-four-minute milers cap our jogging. To think of geniuses as having uniquely different brains is only reasonable if we accept that each human brain is uniquely different. The purpose of education is to make us even more different from one another, and in the process of being educated we can learn from the achievements of those more gifted than ourselves. We may envy their achievements and fame, but we should also recognize the price they may have paid in terms of perseverance, single-mindedness, dedication, and how often they had to display great courage to make their way to the top. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 19th-century genius studies were not objective because the samples were limited to the privileged class and historical background was ignored. Modern research indicates that the abilities of genius are essentially the same as those of ordinary people. Genius does not result from a uniquely different brain, but from the efforts, perseverance and courage brought about by the differentiation in education. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章先指出19世纪对天才本质的研究存在缺陷，如今的研究更客观。接着表明根据现代心理学，天才的头脑与我们相似但能力更出众，还提到教育让我们彼此不同，我们能从天才的成就中学到东西，也应看到他们成功背后的付出。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①The nineteenth century saw considerable interest in the nature of genius, and produced not a few studies of famous prodigies. ②For instance, infant mortality was high and life expectancy much shorter than today, and for the most part, the cases studied were members of the privileged classes. ③But nowadays, studies are carried out on a more objective basis. ④The purpose of education is to make us even more different from one another, and in the process of being educated we can learn from the achievements of those more gifted than ourselves. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 19th-century genius studies were not objective because of the limited samples and ignored historical background. Modern research suggests that the abilities of genius are essentially the same as those of ordinary people. Genius does not result from a uniquely different brain, but from the efforts, perseverance and courage which are brought about by the differentiation in education. 【点睛】[高分句型1] 19th-century genius studies were not objective because the samples were limited to the privileged class and historical background was ignored.运用because连接的原因状语从句对第一段进行总结，表达精炼。 [高分句型2]：Modern research indicates that the abilities of genius are essentially the same as those of ordinary people. 用that连接的宾语从句对第二段进行了概括，表达非常高级。 [高分句型3]：Genius does not result from a uniquely different brain, but from the efforts, perseverance and courage brought about by the differentiation in education.运用了not…but…句型和brought about...作后置定语，用法比较高级。 Ⅴ. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 他在比赛中获得了一等奖，迈出了他成为职业小提琴家的关键一步。(mark) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】He won first prize in the competition, which marked a critical step in his journey to becoming a professional violinist. 【解析】 【详解】考查句子结构和时态。“他在比赛中获得了一等奖”在句中充当主句，主语“他”译为he，“在比赛中”译为in the competition，“获得一等奖”译为win first prize；后半句“迈出了他成为职业小提琴家的关键一步”可用which引导的非限制性定语从句表达，先行词为前面的主句，“迈出关键一步”译为mark a critical step，“成为职业小提琴家”译为becom a professional violinist，in his journey to...(在……的旅途上)强调过程，to为介词，后跟动词的动名词形式。本句陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故答案为：He won first prize in the competition, which marked a critical step in his journey to becoming a professional violinist. 53. 当父亲看见幼年莫扎特(Mozart)毫无困难地演奏乐曲时，他恍然大悟，儿子身上蕴藏非凡的音乐天赋。(occur) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When the father saw young Mozart playing the music effortlessly, it occurred to him that his son possessed extraordinary musical talent. 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、从句和固定句型。根据汉语提示可知，本句为when引导的时间状语从句，陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。“父亲”为 the father；“看到”为see，“看到某人正在做某事”为see sb doing sthl；“毫无困难地演奏乐曲”为play the music effortlessly；“恍然大悟”为it occurred to sb that；“他的儿子”为his son；“蕴藏”为possess；“非凡的音乐天赋”为extraordinary musical talent。故翻译为：When the father saw young Mozart playing the music effortlessly, it occurred to him that his son possessed extraordinary musical talent. 54. 评委们为他的成绩鼓掌，不是因为他解题耗时最短，而是他的方法精妙绝伦。(reason) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The reason why the judges applauded his achievement was not that he solved the problem in the shortest time, but that his method was brilliant. 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句和表语从句。根据提示词reason和“不是因为……而是……”可知，要用The reason why… is/was not that…, but that…，why引导定语从句，that引导表语从句。“为他的成绩鼓掌”译为applaud his achievement；“解题耗时最短”译为solve the problem in the shortest time；“方法”译为method；“精妙绝伦”译为brilliant。本句陈述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故答案为：The reason why the judges applauded his achievement was not that he solved the problem in the shortest time, but that his method was brilliant. 55. 这位作曲家毕生倾注于在昆曲中运用通俗艺术元素，为百年雅韵注入生机，使其跨越时空，吸引全球观众。(so that) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The composer has devoted his lifetime to applying popular art elements in Kunqu Opera so that he could breathe new life into the centuries-old elegant art, enabling it to transcend time and space and attract global audiences 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和短语以及非谓语动词。陈述过去动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。“倾注于”为 devoted his lifetime to doing sth；“运用”为apply；“通俗艺术元素”为popular art elements。“以至于”为 so that,引导目的状语从句。“注入生机”为“breathe new life into...”；“百年雅韵”为the centuries-old elegant art。“使其跨越时空，吸引全球观众”处理成非谓语动词，“使某人能够做某事”为enable sb to do sth, 与上文为主动关系，用现在分词作状语。“跨越时空，吸引全球观众”为 transcend time and space and attract global audiences。故翻译为The composer has devoted his lifetime to applying popular art elements in Kunqu Opera so that he could breathe new life into the centuries-old elegant art, enabling it to transcend time and space and attract global audiences。 Ⅵ. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. QUIZ TODAY 你是李平，今天你在英文报上看到了一幅有趣的漫画（如图所示），令你有感而发，你回家写了篇日记，内容包括： 1.描述漫画； 2.你从中获得的启发。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Today I read a cartoon in the newspaper, which shows a boy telling his teacher that once he learns how to use Google, he will have all the education he needs. In the picture, the boy holds a smartphone and looks confident, while the teacher stands by with a quiz paper in her hand. This cartoon reminds me that relying too much on technology can hinder our ability to think independently. Although the Internet is a valuable source of information, we still need real learning experiences to develop our critical thinking skills. Simply searching for answers online does not teach us how to analyze problems or understand concepts deeply. Therefore, I believe a balanced approach is necessary. We can benefit from technological tools while also building a strong foundation of knowledge and creativity through active study and practice. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于图画类作文，要求考生根据图画写一篇短文。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 依赖：rely on→be dependent on/depend on 阻碍：hinder→prevent/hold back 独立地：independently→on one’s own 因此：therefore→as a result 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Simply searching for answers online does not teach us how to analyze problems or understand concepts deeply. 拓展句：Simply searching for answers online does not teach us how we analyze problems or understand concepts deeply. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Today I read a cartoon in the newspaper, which shows a boy telling his teacher that once he learns how to use Google, he will have all the education he needs.(使用了which引导非限制性定语从句、现在分词作后置定语、that引导宾语从句、once引导时间状语从句、how to do…结构) 【高分句型2】Although the Internet is a valuable source of information, we still need real learning experiences to develop our critical thinking skills. (使用了Although引导让步状语从句、不定式作目的状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$