UNIT 9 Section ⅡLESSON1TOCLONEORNOTTOCLONE？（课件PPT）-【状元桥·优质课堂】2024-2025学年高中英语选择性必修第三册（北师大版2024）

HUMAN BIOLOGY UNIT 9 Section Ⅱ　LESSON 1 TO CLONE OR NOT TO CLONE ？ 默写练习(五) 课文研读·发展思维品质 目 录 Contents 课时作业(十二) 语基输入·助力语言输出 默写练习(五) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 课文研读·发展思维品质 definition examples views future 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） developing are successfully named and scientists 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） a that scientific be explored 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 语基输入·助力语言输出 1 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） to By with/to 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） by/in comparison with the first或compared with/to the first 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 2 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） accurately accuracy in/at To be accurate 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） under as to with 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） treat climate change seriously 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 3 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） for in with are bound to achieve success 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 4 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） the first person in the world to receive to tell you 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） the ability to do the challenging work well the simplest way to keep healthy 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 5 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） While traveling can broaden your mind While you stay focused and work hard 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） felt the warmth in good mood sorrow and depression 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） was overjoyed was speechless with shock 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 课时作业(十二) 返回目录 　 英语　选择性必修　第三册（BS） 制 作 者：状元桥 适用对象：高中学生 制作软件：Powerpoint2010、 Photoshop cs3 运行环境：WindowsXP以上操作系统 Lesson 1 To Clone<1> or Not to Clone? Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and developing it either naturally or artificially<2>．Natural cloning has been going on for generations.For example, gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable medium, such as soil.Another example of natural cloning is identical<3> twins<4>， who are produced from the same egg. For years, there had been attempts to clone animals artificially. The first successfully cloned animal was ①a sheep named Dolly<5> in 1996.At first, Dolly grew normally, but later she developed an illness that is more normally found in much older animals.She lived for six and a half years, only half the life of ②the sheep from which she was cloned.After Dolly, scientists have cloned more than 20 mammal<6> species，including camels<7>， cattle<8>， deer, dogs, goats<9> and mice.However, they have found a similar pattern of health problems with these other species as well.This has led to questions such as, “Will this be a major issue for all cloned animals？” “Will it continue to happen forever<10>？”． ①此处过去分词短语 named Dolly作后置定语，修饰名词a sheep。 ②本句含有“介词＋which”引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the sheep。 In January 2018, the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys, Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua<11>， was announced by Chinese scientists.They were the first-ever primates<12> (the order of mammals which include apes<13>， monkeys, and humans) to have been cloned! In comparison<14> with other species, cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”， and doing so with non-reproductive<15> cells was even more complicated. Dr.Sun Qiang, director of the research team, said they had been wholly<16> devoted to<17> the research and had been taking care of more than 1,000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for more than 5 years. There had been a number of failures before they eventually found a way to successfully clone a monkey.③The reason they worked so hard to break this technical barrier<18> was to get animals with edited genes and produce animal models that are helpful for medical research and human health. ③本句中 they worked so hard…为省略关系副词why的定语从句，修饰先行词 reason；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词models。 The successful cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise as a huge breakthrough that might lead to cures for various diseases and may also offer clues<19> on ④how to prevent the aging process.With this technology, we have the potential to raise a large number of monkeys with identical genes in a short amount of time, and we can even change their genes to suit research needs.This could help save research time, reduce the number of animals required for testing, produce more accurate<20> results, and lead to more effective treatments<21>． ④本句中含有“疑问词＋to do sth”结构，在句中作宾语。 Cloning, however, continues to be an issue that causes a great deal of disagreement and provokes<22> strong emotions<23>. While some people believe it is crucial<24> for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns.They believe it is bound<25> to lead to cloning of other species, and they worry about the ethical<26> questions this raises.For example, they wonder if clones should be treated as objects or they worry about the ethical<26> questions this raises.For example, they wonder if clones should be treated as objects or as individuals with their own identity.Furthermore, clones may be viewed as mere<27> copies of originals thus being seen as inferior<28>. Finally, they worry that some organisations may abuse<29> the technology for unethical purposes. So far, it is still unknown ⑤what will happen to Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua as they grow up. Researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced.As Einstein said, “Science is a powerful instrument. How it is used, ⑥whether it is a blessing<30> or a curse<31> to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument. A knife is useful, but it can also kill.” ⑤本句中what引导主语从句；as引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。 ⑥本句whether…or…意为“不管……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。 <1>clone vt.克隆，使无性繁殖 n．克隆动物或植物，无性繁殖的个体 <2>artificially adv.人为地，虚假地 <3>identical adj.完全相同的，非常相似的 <4>twin n．双胞胎中的一个 <5>Dolly(克隆羊)多莉 多莉1996年7月5日诞生于英国爱丁堡市罗斯林研究所，是一只通过现代工程创造出来的雌性绵羊，也是世界上第一个成功克隆的哺乳动物。 <6>mammal n．哺乳动物 <7>camel n．骆驼 <8>cattle n．牛 <9>goat n．山羊 <10>forever adv.永远；长久地 <11>Zhong Zhong and Hua Hua(世界首对体细胞克隆猴)中中和华华首只克隆猴“中中”于2017年11月27日在位于上海的中国科学院神经科学研究所、脑科学与智能技术卓越创新中心的非人灵长类平台诞生；2017年12月5日，第二只克隆猴“华华”诞生。 <12>primate n．灵长目动物 <13>ape n．猿 <14>comparison n．比较 in comparison with 与……相比 <15>reproductive adj.繁殖的，生殖的 <16>wholly adv.完全地 <17>devote to 投入 <18>barrier n．障碍，壁垒 <19>clue n．线索，提示 <20>accurate adj.准确的，正确的 <21>treatment n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式 <22>provoke vt.激起，引起 <23>emotion n．强烈的情感，激情 <24>crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的 <25>bound adj.很有可能，肯定会 be bound to 一定会 <26>ethical adj.关于伦理的；合乎道德的 <27>mere adj.仅仅，只不过；极小的，极不重要的 <28>inferior adj.低级别的，下级的；差的，次的 <29>abuse vt.滥用，妄用；虐待 n．滥用；虐待 <30>blessing n．福气，幸运 <31>curse n．祸因，祸根；诅咒，咒语 克隆还是不克隆？ 克隆是通过自然或人为的方式，对植物或动物进行精确复制、培育的过程。自然克隆由来已久。例如，园丁们从植物上截取一段，放在合适的培养基中(例如土壤)，就是一种克隆。自然克隆的另一个例子是同卵双胞胎，它们是由同一个卵子受精产生的。 多年来，人们一直在尝试人工克隆动物。第一只成功克隆的动物是1996年的克隆羊多莉。起初，多莉发育正常，但后来患上了一种疾病，这种疾病更常见于衰老的动物。多莉活了六年半，寿命只有母体绵羊的一半。继多莉之后，科学家已经克隆了20多种哺乳动物，包括骆驼、牛、鹿、狗、山羊和老鼠。然而，在这些物种的克隆动物身上科学家们也发现了与多莉羊相似的健康问题。由此引发了一些疑问，例如：“这会是所有克隆动物的主要问题吗？”“这个问题会永远持续下去吗？” 2018年1月，中国科学家宣布成功克隆两只长尾猴，中中和华华，它们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括猿、猴子和人类)！与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。研究小组的负责人孙强博士说，他们全身心地投入研究中，5年多来每周7天，每天24小时照看1 000多只猴子。历经多次失败，最终找到成功克隆猴子的方法。他们之所以如此努力地要突破这一技术壁垒，是为了获得经过基因编辑的动物，研制动物模型，为医学研究和人类健康发展做贡献。 灵长类动物的成功克隆获得了全世界的赞誉，被认为是一项巨大的突破，从而为治愈多种疾病、延缓衰老提供线索。有了这项技术，我们就有可能在短时间内培育大量基因相同的猴子，甚至可以改变它们的基因，以适应研究需要。这有助于节省研究时间，减少实验所需动物的数量，使实验结果更准确、治疗方法更有效。 但是，克隆仍是一个会引起很多争议、激起强烈反对情绪的问题。尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。他们认为这项技术必将导致其他物种的克隆，担心由此会引发伦理问题，比如，他们提出克隆体是被当作物体还是具有独特个性的个体。而且，克隆体可能会被看作母体的副本，因此被认为更低等。最后，他们担心某些组织可能会出于不道德的目的滥用该技术。 到目前为止，我们仍不清楚中中和华华长大后会发生什么。研究人员认为，克隆科学应进一步得到探索与发展。正如爱因斯坦所言：“科学是一种强有力的工具。怎样使用它，究竟是给人类带来幸福还是带来灾难，完全取决于人类自己，而不取决于工具。刀子是有用的，但刀子也能杀人。” Skim the passage and fill in the blanks. Para.1：The 1.______________ of cloning. Paras.2～3：Some successful 2.____________ in cloning. Paras.4～5：People's 3._________ on cloning. Para.6：The 4.__________ of cloning. 1．Choose the best answer. (1)Which of the following is not the characteristic of natural cloning? A．It happens only on plants. B．It has been going on for generations. C．It is made either naturally or artificially. D．One of its examples is identical twins. 答案　A (2)What is the main problem with Dolly the sheep? A．Illness's types. B．Health conditions. C．Gene's fail. D．Growth's process. 答案　B (3)What is the purpose of scientists cloning primates? A．Seeking the joy of life. B．Producing animal models. C．Getting animals with edited genes. D．Making contributions to medical research and human health. 答案　D (4)What's the main idea of the text? A．Animal cloning is very valuable and can benefit the world. B．Animal cloning could be misused by bad people so it must be forbidden. C．Animal cloning is well developed because Dolly the sheep was born. D．Animal cloning raised arguments and scientists are not sure about its future. 答案　D (5)What about the writer's attitude towards cloning in the text? A．The writer is against cloning. B．The writer is in favour of cloning. C．The writer does not state any personal opinion about cloning. D．The writer is in agreement about cloning. 答案　C 2．Reread the passage and fill in the blanks. Cloning is the process of making an exact copy of a plant or animal and (1)______________(develop) it either naturally or artificially.Here (2)_______(be) some typical examples about clone.The first (3)_______________(successful) cloned animal was a sheep (4)_________(name) Dolly in 1996. In January 2018, the cloning of two long-tailed monkeys, Zhong Zhong (5)_________ Hua Hua, was announced by Chinese (6) ________________(scientist)．However, people have different views about it.The successful cloning of primates has led to worldwide praise as (7)________ huge breakthrough. Cloning, however, continues to be an issue (8)________ causes a great deal of disagreement and provokes strong emotions.In the future, while some people believe it is crucial for (9)________ (science) advancement, others raise moral concerns. Researchers insist that the science of cloning should (10) _______________(explore) and advanced further. Why do researchers insist that the science of cloning should be further explored and advanced？(Critical Thinking 批判性思维) Although cloning continues to be an issue that causes a great deal of disagreement and provokes strong emotions, as Einstein said, “Science is a powerful instrument.How it is used, whether it is a blessing or a curse to mankind, depends on mankind and not on the instrument.A knife is useful, but it can also kill.” (教材P52)In comparison with other species, cloning primates has proved to be “much harder”， and doing so with non-reproductive cells was even more complicated. 与其他的物种相比，克隆灵长类动物要“困难得多”，而使用非生殖细胞克隆则更为复杂。 comparison　n．比较；对比 ①beyond/without comparison无与伦比 by/in comparison with sb/sth与……相比 by comparison比较起来 ②compare vt.比较；比作 compare A with/to B 比较A和B compare…to… 将……比作…… compared with/to 与……相比 They were living well, in comparison with people elsewhere in the world.和世界上其他地方的人们比起来，他们过着舒适的生活。(人物介绍) [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)As a famous saying goes, “Life is compared ______ a voyage.” (2)____________ comparison, expenditure on education increased last year. (3)Standards in health care have improved enormously compared ___________ 40 years ago. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)与上半场相比，比赛的下半场有些沉闷。(事件介绍) The second half of the game was dull _______________ ________________________________________. (教材P53)This could help save research time, reduce the number of animals required for testing, produce more accurate results, and lead to more effective treatments. 这有助于节省研究时间，减少实验所需动物的数量，使实验结果更准确、治疗方法更有效。 accurate　adj.准确的，正确的 ①become/be accurate in/at在……方面准确 to be accurate精确地说(用作插入语) ②accurately adv.精确地，准确地 accuracy n.精确，准确 Because of your help, my fluent and accurate oral English enables me to communicate with foreign students freely. 由于您的帮助，我流利且准确的英语口语使我能够自由地与外国学生交流。(感谢信) [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)You need to hit the ball ______________(accurate)． (2)There is a need to check the ____________(accurate) of these figures. (3)We hope to become more accurate _______________ predicting the earthquakes. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (4)确切地说，她已经在这里工作了九年零六个月。 ________________, she has been working here for 9 years and 6 months. treatment　n．诊疗，治疗，疗法；对待方式 ①under treatment　在治疗中 ②treat n．招待；款待 v．对待；款待；请客；治疗 treat sb as… 把某人看作…… treat sb to sth 招待某人吃…… treat sb with… 以……方式对待某人 treat sth seriously 认真对待某事/某物 The wastewater treatment plant purifies the water before releasing it into the river.废水处理厂在将水排放到河流之前进行净化。(现象介绍) [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (5)He is _________ treatment and is in stable condition. (6)He always treats his friends ______ family members. (7)I'll treat you ______ lunch at the restaurant in front of our school. (8)He always treats people around him ________ respect. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (9)如果我们想保护地球，就需要认真对待气候变化。(演讲稿) We need to ________________________________ if we want to protect our planet. (教材P53)They believe it is bound to lead to cloning of other species, and they worry about the ethical questions this raises. 他们认为这项技术必将导致其他物种的克隆，担心由此会引发伦理问题。 bound　adj.很有可能，肯定会 be bound to do sth　一定会做某事 be bound for 开往某地；准备前往某地 be bound up with sth 与某事有密切关系 be bound up in sth 忙于某事 Visiting the Summer Palace is bound to greatly promote your understanding of the profound traditional Chinese culture. 游览颐和园一定会大大促进你对博大精深的中国传统文化的了解。(推荐信) [融会练通]——单句语法填空 (1)Several hours later, they finally managed to board a plane bound _______ China. (2)He is bound up ______ his work which is bound up ________ the welfare of the community. [习作练笔]——补全句子 (3)只要我们坚持梦想、永不放弃，我们一定会取得成功。(演讲稿) So long as we hold our dreams and never give up, we ________________________________. (教材P52)They were the first-ever primates (the order of mammals which include apes, monkeys, and humans) to have been cloned! 他们是有史以来首次被克隆的灵长类动物(哺乳动物的一个类别，包括狼、猴子和人类)! 句型公式：动词不定式作后置定语 ①当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰或前有 the next, the only, the last等时，常用动词不定式作后置定语； ②动词不定式作后置定语常修饰的词多是抽象名词，如：ability, chance, ambition, attempt等； ③不定代词something, nothing, little等后常用动词不定式作后置定语。 Beijing has become the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympic Games. 北京成为了第一个既举办过夏季奥运会，又举办冬季奥运会的城市。(地点介绍) [习作练笔]——补全句子 (1)她是世界上第一个获得两项诺贝尔奖的人。 She was _______________________________________ two Nobel Prizes. (2)我有一些关于市区建设的重要事情要告诉你。 I have something important about the construction in the downtown _______________. (3)据说她有能力做好这项具有挑战性的工作。 It's said that she has _____________________________ _____________. (4)步行是保持健康最简单的方式。 Walking is ____________________________________. (教材P53)While some people believe it is crucial for scientific advancement, others raise moral concerns.尽管有些人认为这对于科学的进步至关重要，但也有人提出了道德方面的担忧。 句型公式：while引导让步状语从句 ①while作“当……的时候，和……同时”讲时，引导时间状语从句； ②while作“尽管，虽然”讲时，引导让步状语从句； ③while作“只要”讲时，引导条件状语从句； ④while作“然而，可是”讲时，连接两个并列句，表示对比关系。 While visiting this exhibition, we can not only enjoy the folk art works but also learn a lot. 我们参观这次展览时，不仅可以欣赏民间艺术品，而且可以学到很多东西。(通知) [习作练笔]——补全句子 (1)虽然旅行能开阔你的眼界，但我认为在旅行上花费太多时间和金钱不是一个好主意。 ________________________________________, I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it. (2)只要你保持专注并努力工作，你就可以实现你的人生目标。 ________________________________________, you can achieve your goals in life. 续写词句积累 心理描写 一、课文词汇 1．question　n．怀疑 v．问；怀疑 2．praise v．称赞 3．disagreement n．反对意见 4．provoke vt.激起，引起 5．emotion n．强烈的情感，激情 6．believe v．认为 7．concern n．担心；令人担心的事 v．使担忧 8．worry v．(使)担心，发愁；烦扰 9．be devoted to 致力于…… 二、课文原句 1．For years, there had been attempts to clone animals artificially. 多年来，人们一直在尝试人工克隆动物。 2．This has led to questions such as, “Will this be a major issue for all cloned animals？” “Will it continue to happen forever？”． 这引发了一些疑问，例如：“这会是所有克隆动物的主要问题吗？”“这个问题会永远持续下去吗？”。 3．Furthermore, clones may be viewed as mere copies of originals thus being seen as inferior. 而且，克隆体可能会被看作母体的副本，因此被认为更低等。 1．他感到身体里涌动着一股暖流。 He ___________________ surging through his body. 2．我此刻心情舒畅，就像蓝天上的白云那样自在。 I'm ________________ at the moment, just like the white clouds in the blue sky. 3．人群中弥漫着悲伤和沮丧的气氛。 An air of _________________________ settled over the crowd. 4．我欣喜若狂，三步并作两步跑过去。 I _________________ and ran so quickly. 5．小男孩惊得说不出话。 The little boy _____________________________. $$