Unit 2 Period 6 Extended reading & Other parts-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（译林版2020）

Period 6　Extended reading & Other parts—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．You should recite more passages to have your vocabulary enriched，which is of vital importance to English learning. 2．I’m strongly opposed to tearing down these ancient buildings，which are part of the culture. 3．The two criminals slipped(溜) out of the diamond shop，disappearing in the darkness. 4．My teacher approved of me taking part in the speech contest to be held by my school next Friday. 5．Judging from the linguist’s accent(口音)，he must be from southeast of Shandong Province. 6．My proposal got rejected，which made me quite disappointed. 7．In principle，these programs can be integrated(合并) with our existing software. 8．It is my great privilege to talk about how to change a pessimistic(悲观的) attitude to our life. 9．When it comes to the present dilemma，it is worthwhile to tighten greater government intervention(干预)． 10．He has cited(引用) some living examples to show his friend’s good virtues. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．I think we should cooperate with each other more closely and our cooperation will benefit us all.(cooperate) 2．Although people tend to live in cities，there is a growing tendency for the young to return to the hometown to start their enterprises.(tend) 3．We sincerely hope we can establish sincere business relationship with all of you.(sincere) 4．To speak English fluently，she practices every day.Finally she can speak English with greater fluency.(fluent) 5．I came with the intention of staying，but now I’ve intended to leave.(intend) 6．The girl has a preference for processed food while her twin sister prefers to eat fresh food.(prefer) 7．It was evident that he was embarrassed about the situation and attempted to disguise his embarrassment.(embarrass) 8．I must say your behaviour at the party was a bit out of line.Do behave yourself next time！(behave) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．I was thinking of this when I heard my name called.(when引导时间状语从句) 我正想着这件事时，突然听到有人叫我的名字。 2．Although/Though/While I try to talk to my classmates，I still find it hard to make friends with them.(让步状语从句) 虽然我试着和班上的同学交谈，但是，我发现还是很难和他们成为朋友。 3．While you can’t turn back the clock，you can control your life.(while引导让步状语从句) 虽然你不能使时钟倒转，但你可以把握自己的生活。 4．We have to take measures to control it quickly before things become worse.(before引导时间状语从句) 我们必须趁着事态还没有恶化尽快采取措施来控制它。 5．Suddenly there appeared a young woman dressed in green.(过去分词作后置定语) 突然出现了一个穿绿衣服的青年女子。 preference n．偏爱；偏爱的事物(prefer vt.更喜欢) •have/show a preference for喜好……，偏爱…… in preference to sb/sth而不是某人/某事 give (a) preference to...给……以优惠；优待…… •prefer to do/doing sth更喜欢做某事 prefer sb to do sth宁愿某人做某事 prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth＝prefer to do sth rather than do sth宁愿(做)某事也不愿(做)某事 (1)I prefer the school uniform to the traditional Chinese dress at the welcome ceremony next month. (2)(应用文写作之口头通知)Attention，please! We will give preference to those who can speak English fluently and have outgoing personalities. (3)I preferred my son to choose science; on the contrary，my son selected arts in preference to science. 我更希望儿子选择理科；相反，我儿子选择了文科而不是理科。 (4)(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)David preferred running/preferred to run/had a preference for running，so I sat beside him，gently persuading him not to give up the cross-country run. 大卫喜欢跑步，所以我坐在他旁边，温柔地说服他不要放弃越野赛。 (5)He said determinedly，“I prefer dying to giving in to difficulties/I prefer to die rather than give in to difficulties.” 他毅然决然地说：“我宁死也不向困难屈服。” intention n．意图，计划(intend vt.计划，打算) •with the intention of...目的是…… have no/every intention of doing sth完全无意/有心做某事 •intend to do/doing sth打算/想要做某事 intend sb to do sth打算让某人做某事 be intended to do...为了做…… be intended for...专供……所用，专为……而设计的 (1)The headmaster intended Jim to deliver(deliver) a speech in front of the whole school. (2)Please forgive me.Actually I had no intention(intend) of hurting you. (3)(应用文写作之告知信)I’m writing with the intention of informing you that I intend to join/joining a Handwriting Training Class this summer holiday.The course is specially intended for beginners and is intended to enhance participants’ interest in calligraphy. 我写信的目的是想告诉你我打算这个暑假参加书写训练班。这个课程专为初学者而设，旨在提高学员对书法的兴趣。 correspond vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信(correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系corresponding adj.相应的；对应的) •correspond to/with和……一致 correspond with和……通信 •in correspondence with与……有通信联系 (1)The editor welcomes correspondence(correspond) from readers on any subject.So his fans often correspond with him and some even have been in correspondence with him for two years. (2)只有当你言行一致时，你才能和其他人建立更好的关系。 ①You can make better relationships with others only when what you do corresponds to/with what you say. ②Only when what you do corresponds with what you say can you make better relationships with others.(用倒装句改写) behave vi.& vt.表现得体，有礼貌；表现 (behaviour/behavior n．行为；举止；表现) •behave well/badly to/towards sb对待某人好/差 behave oneself守规矩；表现得体 •well-behaved adj.表现好的 badly-behaved adj.表现差的 (1)The following are some reasonable suggestions on how to behave ourselves in public places.Only when you behave well to/towards others can you win their respect. 下面是在公共场合我们如何表现得体的一些合理化建议。只有当你善待他人时，你才能赢得他们的尊重。 (2)Generally speaking，well-behaved people are more popular with others than the badly-behaved. 一般来说，守规矩的人比不守规矩的人更受欢迎。 broaden one’s mind 拓宽视野，开阔眼界 make up one’s mind to do sth决心做某事 change one’s mind改变主意 bear/keep sth in mind记住某事 never mind不要紧；没关系 选词填空 (1)(利弊对比的议论文)While travelling can broaden your mind，I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend substantial time and money on it. (2)There is no possibility that the linguist will give up the plan once he has made up his mind to carry it out. (3)It never occurred to me that you could succeed in persuading him to change his mind. (4)As students，we should bear/keep in mind that it is worthwhile to take exercise. integrate vt.& vi.(使)合并；(使)加入(integration n．整合，结合；一体化；融合) integrate A with/and B　使A与B结合，使A与B成为一体 integrate A into B　使A加入/融入B (1)(应用文写作之活动报道)Those buildings integrated Chinese with/and Western architectural styles，which left a deep impression on us. (2)It was astonishing that they had begun to integrate teamwork into their games. (3)As has been reported，the aim of these enterprises is to promote closer economic integration(integrate)． tendency n．趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好(tend vi.& vt.趋向；易于；照顾) •have a tendency to do sth倾向于做某事 There is a tendency (for sb) to do sth.(某人)有做某事的倾向。 •tend to do sth倾向于做某事 tend (to) sb/sth照料；照管；护理 tend to/towards倾向于，趋于 (1)As is often the case，students tend to be judged(judge) by their performance in exams. (2)Personally，I tend to/towards the second plan that you offered，because it is much easier than the first one. (3)There is a growing tendency(tend) for people to work at home instead of in office. (4)Children tend to behave properly in the presence of strangers. →Children have a tendency to behave properly in the presence of strangers. given that... 教材原句 This comes as no surprise，given that English has borrowed words from more than 300 different languages，including Latin，Greek，French and Chinese. 这并不奇怪，因为英语已从300多种不同的语言中借用了词汇，包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语。(P25) •句中given that...为独立成分作状语，不受逻辑主语的影响，意为“考虑到……，鉴于……”。 •常见的独立成分作状语的还有： considering that...鉴于……；考虑到…… generally speaking总的来说 judging by/from...从……来看；依据……来判断 supposing that...假定…… providing/provided that...假定…… to tell the truth实话实说 to be honest老实说 (1)(应用文写作之节日介绍)Given(give) that you are keen on the Chinese traditional festival, Dragon Boat Festival, I am writing to introduce it to you. (2)Judging from/by his accent，he is from Hong Kong. (3)(2022·天津，书面表达)Supposing that/Providing that you join our Spoken English Club，you will be amazed by how much progress you will make by taking part in colorful activities. 假如你加入我们的英语口语俱乐部，你会惊讶于通过参加丰富多彩的活动你会取得多大的进步。 强调句型 教材原句 It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.也正是通过那些外来词，新思想的传播以及不同的观念的交流得以更加便捷、迅速。(P26) 强调句型基本结构： •陈述句式：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who(强调部分为主语，指人)＋句子其余部分。 •一般疑问句式：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其余部分？ •特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋句子其余部分？ •含有not...until...的强调句式：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其余部分。 (1)(2021·全国甲)It is with your assistance that I will make full preparations for the meeting. (2)(2021·天津)More importantly, it is the famous tourist spots of Beijing that attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year. (3)It was my head teacher I respect most that/who helped me out whenever I was in trouble. (4)I didn’t realize a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness until I experienced the event. →Not until I experienced the event did I realize a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness.(倒装句) →It was not until I experienced the event that I realized a small act of care can melt people’s loneliness.(not until的强调句型) Ⅰ.一词多义 slip A.vi.滑倒；滑落　B.vi.溜　C.vt.悄悄塞　D.n.差错　E.n.纸条 1．He recited the whole poem without making a single slip. D 2．She slipped over on the ice and broke her leg. A 3．She slipped out of the house before the others were awake. B 4．She wrote her name and address on a slip of paper. E 5．He found a coin in his pocket and slipped it into her hand. C Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．She came up with a novel solution to the problem.新奇的；新颖的 2．At the meeting，everyone had a chance to air their views.发表 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．What made me embarrassed was that my son didn’t behave himself(he)． 2．The audience reacts positively to the practice that traditional elements are integrated into modern films. 3．The geophysicist remains deeply pessimistic about the environmental protection issue. 4．I applied for a job as a mechanic in a famous local enterprise，but I was rejected(reject)． 5．The criminal tried to slip the note into him while the policeman wasn’t looking. 6．I sincerely made an apology to my gentle teacher and she finally forgave me. 7．No sooner had the kids in the kindergarten entered the room than the bell rang. 8．The athlete had to contest against a very strong opponent for the championship，so she was somewhat nervous. 9．I approve of the opinion that greater government intervention(intervene) in business would represent a step backwards. 10．Under/In the circumstances，it seemed better to tell him about the accident in a cautious tone. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．As far as I am concerned，a wide vocabulary is related to how much you have read. 2．We are negotiating with each other about how to deal with those devices which are out of style. 3．Referring to your notes is a taboo when you deliver a speech in public. 4．The knowledgeable expert has/had a preference for swimming in his spare time. 5．We are pessimistic about his future because what he says never corresponds with what he does. Ⅲ.完成句子(话题写作之汉语热) 1．With the improvement of China’s international status，more and more people have a tendency to/tend to learn Chinese. 随着中国国际地位的提高，越来越多的人倾向于学习汉语。 2．For one thing，foreigners should speak fluent Chinese with the intention of adapting to living in China. 一方面，外国人应该说流利的中文，以适应在中国生活。 3．For another，learning Chinese can significantly broaden their mind. 另一方面，学习汉语可以大大拓宽他们的视野。 4．However，given that Chinese has rich contents，some people find it difficult to learn Chinese. 但是，鉴于汉语内容丰富，一些人认为学汉语有困难。 5．It is young people who/that should learn Chinese well and carry forward fine traditional culture. 年轻人应该学好汉语并弘扬优秀传统文化。 Ⅳ.阅读理解 The British may be made fun of for their weather-related small talk，but a recent study suggests that just four minutes of chatting can reveal aspects of our personality and influence subsequent social interactions. Researchers divided 338 participants into two groups before meeting in person and asked each participant to complete a personality and IQ test.Within each group，participants were paired and either conversed by text for 4 minutes or had no contact with their partner.Participants were then required to infer aspects of their partner’s personality and predict whether they would act cooperatively or selfishly in two money-based strategy games. The results showed that those who chatted scored higher in predicting their partners’ IQ and personality test responses，but were also more likely to project their own personality characteristics on to their partners.“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk，we begin to form a mental model of the person we’re talking to，” says Professor Sgroi. Participants then met and played with their conversation partner or，in the case of the no-contact group，met and played with strangers. The researchers then gave each participant ￡20 and asked them to contribute to a joint pot shared with their partners，an experiment called the Public Goods Game. The team says people who have chatted with their partners are more likely to correctly predict their contributions to the pot.In addition，those who chatted beforehand contributed 30% more than those who did not.The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk. Georgie Nightingall，founder of Trigger Conversations，says that small talk is a great way to encourage cooperation in the workplace.“People are bad at small talk because it feels like there is no end to it.It can feel awkward and pointless once you have all the information you need.While asking questions helps build relationships with people，people will be happy to have a chat if you show that you care about others.My advice is to be sincere and considerate.” 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以揭示我们的性格，并影响随后的社交互动，专家由此建议我们在谈话中表现出真诚和体贴的特质。 1．What does the underlined word “reveal” mean in paragraph 1? A．Contribute to. B．Give away. C．Limit. D．Change. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据第三段中对研究结果的表述可知，研究结果表明，通过四分钟闲聊，我们的性格就会显露出来，被交谈的另一方知晓。因此reveal意为“透露，揭示”，与give away意思相近。故选B。 2．What helps conversation partners predict their contributions correctly? A．Their common interests and hobbies. B．The differences of their personalities. C．The accurate judgments of each other’s IQ. D．Their previous impressions and connections. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Our research suggests that in just a few minutes of small talk，we begin to form a mental model of the person we’re talking to”和倒数第二段中的“The results also depended on the relationships they established through small talk.”可知，通过对话，我们得以了解对方的性格等心理特质，并建立一定的关系，从而可以比较准确地预测对方的行为。A项和B项文中未提及，C项也是对话的结果，但与预测捐款这样的社会性行为无关。故选D。 3．What does Nightingall suggest we do to inspire others to communicate with us? A．Avoid asking them questions. B．Share our personal privacy. C．Show genuine concern for them. D．Start with our strengths and virtues. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，Nightingall建议通过做到真诚和体贴来与他人建立良好的关系。故选C。 4．What’s the purpose of this text? A．To present a research outcome. B．To describe a cultural phenomenon. C．To assess British people’s social skills. D．To motivate people to interact by texting. 答案　A 解析　写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以揭示我们的性格，并影响随后的社交互动，具体陈述了研究的对象、过程和数据来解释这一研究结果。因此，A项“呈现一项研究结果”符合文章的目的。故选A。 Ⅴ.完形填空 (2023·江苏连云港高二期中) A few months ago，I felt pain in my stomach and went to every expert to find out why.Some physician’s assistant called me，telling me that I had stage Ⅳ cancer，and that I need to come to the hospital 1 .All I could think of to 2 was，“But I have a son.I can’t end.” And then I called my husband，and he 3 to find me and put himself in my shoes. As I began the walk to the hospital，it 4 my mind for the first time，“Oh.How ironic(讽刺的)．” I had just 5 a book called Blessed.I’m an expert in the 6 that good things 7 good people.If you’re good，good things will always 8 you.I spent a decade talking to patients and talked with people in hospital waiting rooms.I held hands with people in wheelchairs， 9 to be cured. But when I got my 10 ，it was a mindset that served me well until it didn’t，until I was 11 with something I couldn’t manage my way out of; 12 I found myself saying into the phone，“But I have a son，” because it was all I could think of to say. Today，I’m doing quite well.The drugs appear to be 13 ，and we’re watching and waiting with scans.I hope I’ll live long enough to 14 my son and to watch my husband 15 his beautiful hair.And I think I might. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者被诊断患了癌症，带着“好人有好报”的心态，作者接受治疗，药物也似乎起作用了。 1．A.barely B．immediately C．gently D．sincerely 答案　B 解析　根据上文“I had stage Ⅳ cancer，and that I need to come to the hospital”可知，作者得了第四期癌症，需要马上去医院。故选B。 2．A.hear B．forgive C．say D．tolerate 答案　C 解析　根据后文“because it was all I could think of to say”可知，此处指作者当时说的话。故选C。 3．A.ran B．headed C．moved D．rushed 答案　D 解析　根据后文“to find me and put himself in my shoes”可知，此处指丈夫急忙来找作者。故选D。 4．A.crossed B．hit C．struck D．rejected 答案　A 解析　根据后文“my mind”可知，此处为短语it crosses one’s mind表示“某人想到”。故选A。 5．A.lost B．remarked C．attained D．written 答案　D 解析　根据上文“Oh.How ironic(讽刺的)．”可知，作者得了癌症，但是刚刚写了一本叫《有福》的书。故选D。 6．A.empathy B．field C．idea D．comprehension 答案　C 解析　根据后文“good things good people”可知，此处指“好人有好报”的想法，应用idea。故选C。 7．A.stick to B．happen to C．amount to D．rise to 答案　B 解析　根据后文的解释“If you’re good，good things will always you.”可知，作者相信好事会发生在好人身上。故选B。 8．A.award B．reward C．offer D．afford 答案　B 解析　上文提到作者相信好事会发生在好人身上，即如果你是好人，好事总会回报你。故选B。 9．A.praying B．promising C．conveying D．pretending 答案　A 解析　根据后文“to be cured”可知，作者祈求这些病人被治愈。故选A。 10．A.analysis B．reference C．diagnosis D．account 答案　C 解析　呼应上文“Some physician’s assistant called me，telling me that I had stage Ⅳ cancer”指得到自己得癌症的诊断，故选C。 11．A.ashamed B．worried C．entitled D．faced 答案　D 解析　根据后文“with something I couldn’t manage my way out of”可知，此处指面对无法摆脱的事情，be faced with表示“面对”。故选D。 12．A.after B．before C．unless D．until 答案　D 解析　呼应上文“until it didn’t，until I was”应用until引导时间状语从句。故选D。 13．A.stopping B．blessing C．working D．maturing 答案　C 解析　根据后文“and we are watching and waiting with scans”可知，正在观察并等待，说明药物似乎起作用了。故选C。 14．A.confuse B．embrace C．embarrass D．criticize 答案　B 解析　根据后文“my son”可知，作者想拥抱自己的儿子，故选B。 15．A.lose B．gain C．hide D．integrate 答案　A 解析　根据上文“I will live long enough to”可知，作者希望自己长寿，可以看到丈夫失去头发。故选A。 Ⅵ.语法填空 With the development of our society，the 1. (connect) between people becomes inevitable(不可避免的)．People need to communicate with others as long as they are in the world.As a result，the interpersonal(人际的) relationship which is 2. benefit to people’s success is becoming increasingly important.Throughout human history，we can know that no one can do everything well and become 3. (success) alone.Most great men have a good relationship with other people.For many people，the interpersonal relationship and their abilities are 4. (equal) important to their success.By 5. (keep) a good relationship with others，people can easily get help from others when facing problems.In other words，excellent interpersonal communication skills can help people smooth out 6.____________ (difficulty) on the way to success.Besides，a good interpersonal relationship can help people live a happy life.7. (create) a harmonious environment，people should keep a good relationship with the people 8. keep company with them.These friendly people form 9. happy atmosphere，which will make people work efficiently and put them in a good mood in daily life.It is certain that people 10. (receive) happiness in the end. 1．答案　connection 解析　考查名词。根据句意和空格前the可知，空格处应用名词，在句中作主语，根据becomes可知，空格处应用名词的单数形式。故填connection。 2．答案　of 解析　考查介词。固定短语be of benefit to意为“对……有益”。故填of。 3．答案　successful 解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，在become后作表语，故填successful。 4．答案　equally 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，important为形容词，前面应用副词修饰。故填equally。 5．答案　keeping 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，By为介词，后面应用动名词作宾语，故填keeping。 6．答案　difficulties 解析　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，difficulty“困难”为可数名词，句中解决的不止一个困难，故应用其复数形式，故填difficulties。 7．答案　To create 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词keep，且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“创造一个和谐的环境”是“与人保持良好的关系”的目的，故空格处应用不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填To create。 8．答案　who/that 解析　考查定语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为people，指人，在从句中作主语，故填关系代词who/that。 9．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。分析句子可知，句中atmosphere“气氛”为可数名词，句中泛指一种愉快的气氛，故空格处应用不定冠词，happy发音以辅音音素开头，故应用不定冠词a。 10．答案　will receive 解析　考查动词时态。根据句意和句中“in the end”可知，句子陈述的是将来发生的事，应用一般将来时。故填will receive。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$