Unit 2 Period 2 Welcome to the unit & Reading-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（译林版2020）

Period 2　Welcome to the unit & Reading—Language points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Nowadays many graduates are looking forward to obtaining(获得) employment in big enterprises. 2．The innocent boy，on the contrary，is more straightforward，preferring to tell the truth in direct ways. 3．Giving examples is a superb way to clarify the statement of your articles because readers can better understand your opinions through these vivid examples. 4．It can provide the photographers with instant feedback(反馈)，including reports about their strengths and weaknesses. 5．The socialist reacted(对……作出反应) strongly against doing anything that was against his moral principles. 6．He said in an angry tone(语气)，“Why haven’t you submitted your entry before the deadline？” 7．Friction is the force that makes it difficult for one object to slide over the surface of another. 8．My nephew is never content with his life and he is always thinking of gaining more wealth. 9．The innocent girl wants to express her deep sympathy to the family that suffered from the flood. 10．He has a large amount of mail to answer every day. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．With your competence，knowledge and experience，I believe you are competent to carry out the work.(competent) 2．Though my plan was not approved by the boss，I managed to earn the approval of many colleagues.(approve) 3．He is a knowledgeable(knowledge) person and has lots of experience on developing new software. 4．It is reported that the pilots are in negotiation(negotiate) with the airline managers for bonus. 5．I don’t have anything suitable(suit) to wear for the party. 6．The boy held the bird gently(gentle) in the palm of his hand for fear of hurting it. 7．Famous paintings are reproduced precisely(precise) with needles and silk thread. 8．She kept her hands folded(fold) on her lap，pretending to be listening carefully. Ⅲ.完成句子 1．She advised me not to say anything unless asked.(状语从句的省略) 她劝我什么都别说，除非有人问起。 2．Only in this way can we solve this problem.(部分倒装) 只有用这种方法，我们才能解决这个问题。 3．Staying in the seashore for a time, you will feel fresh.(现在分词作状语) 如果你在海边待一段时间，你就会感觉精力充沛。 4．She was curious to know where we had been.(where引导宾语从句) 她很想知道我们去了哪里。 react vi.(对……)作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应(reaction n．反应；回应) •react to...对……作出反应 react against (对旧观念等的)抗拒；反对；起反作用 react with...同……起反应 •in reaction to...作为对……的反应 (1)In reaction(react) to the phenomenon，some geophysicists called for raising the air pollution tax. (2)The parents were disappointed that their children tended to react against their will. (3)(应用文写作之议论文)Different people have different reactions(react) to the announcement of garbage sorting. (4)Gases from organic material buried deep in the earth can also escape to the surface，where they react with oxygen. (5)(应用文写作之建议信)Only when we react to emergencies in life calmly can we solve problems in a better way. 只有当我们冷静地应对生活中的紧急状况时，我们才能以更好的方式解决问题。 suit vt.满足需要；相配，合身 n．套装，西装，西服(suitable adj.适当的；相配的) •suit...to...使……适合…… suit one’s needs适合/满足某人的需要 be suited to/for适合于 •be suitable for适合于 be suitable to do sth适合做某事 (1)There is little doubt that graduates now have some difficulty finding suitable(suit) jobs. (2)(应用文写作之活动安排)I sincerely hope that the above arrangements can suit your needs.If not，I will adjust the former arrangements until they suit/are suited to/are suitable for you. 我真诚地希望以上安排能满足你的需要。如果不合适，我会调整之前的安排，直到适合你。 (3)(应用文写作之推荐信)Having a good command of English and possessing superb communication skills，the innocent girl I strongly recommend to you is suitable to take on the reception work.She has the ability to suit exchange students to the new surroundings in our school. 我向您强烈推荐的这位纯真的女孩，英语水平高，沟通能力强，适合担任接待工作。她有能力使交换生适应我们学校的新环境。 巧学助记　“不同的搭配” suit 多指衣服颜色、花样或款式适合某人，还可指合乎需要、口味、地位、条件等。另外，用于比喻意义时多用suit。 match 多指色调、形状、性质、大小等方面的搭配。另外，match还有“比得上……，与……相匹敌”的意思。 fit 多指大小、尺寸、形状等合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。 negotiate vt.& vi.谈判；商定，达成(协议)(negotiation n．谈判；协商) •negotiate with sb for/about sth与某人协商某事 •in negotiation with...和……协商 under negotiation在谈判中 (1)The issue whether it is worthwhile to hold the Olympic Games is still under negotiation(negotiate)． (2)(应用文写作之建议信)Participating in extra-curricular activities enables us to learn how to negotiate and cooperate with other students for/about some urgent matters. 参加课外活动使我们学会如何与其他同学就一些紧急事项进行协商和合作。 sympathy n．同情；赞同(sympathetic adj.同情的，有同情心的；赞同的) •have/express/feel/show sympathy for sb向某人表示体恤；对某人感到同情 in sympathy with同情；赞成 out of sympathy出于同情 •be sympathetic to/towards/with对……同情 (1)As a sympathetic(sympathy) person, I have sympathy for the homeless. (2)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)If you are in sympathy with my proposal，let’s experience the well-equipped study room together. 如果你赞成我的建议，让我们一起体验一下设备齐全的自习室吧。 (3)Out of sympathy for the homeless children，the reliable gentleman gave them a bed for the night. 出于对无家可归的孩子们的怜悯，这位可信赖的绅士让他们留宿过夜。 (4)Meredith太太同情穷人，因此每当她有时间的时候，她都会给他们带来食物和药品。 ①Mrs Meredith was sympathetic to/towards/with the poor, so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathetic) ②Mrs Meredith had sympathy for the poor, so she would bring food and medicine to them whenever she had time.(sympathy) account for sth 是……的说明(或原因)；(数量上、比例上)占 on account of由于；因为 on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装) 考虑…… (1)Tom couldn’t finish his work on time，so his boss called him to account for failing to meet the deadline. (2)(读后续写之片段描写)We had more trouble finding our way home on account of an unexpected heavy rain，but we gritted our teeth.On no account would we resign ourselves to the present difficulty. 由于一场突如其来的大雨，我们找回家的路更加困难，但我们咬紧牙关。我们决不屈服于目前的困难。 (3)(应用文写作之申请信)I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account/consideration at your convenience. 如果您能在方便的时候考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。 approve vi.& vt.赞成；批准，通过(计划、要求等)(approval n．赞成；同意；批准，通过；认可 disapproval n．不赞同，反对 approving adj.赞成的；同意的) •approve of赞同，赞成 approve sth批准/通过某事 •meet with one’s approval得到某人的赞许/认可 give one’s approval to...某人批准…… (1)(读后续写之场景描写)Sensing my disapproval(approve)，she would turn her head so I wouldn’t see her hidden disappointment. (2)(2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写)Dad approved of the twins’ cooking a Mother’s Day breakfast and he gave them an approving nod.After meeting with Dad’s approval，the twins grinned from ear to ear. 爸爸赞同了双胞胎做的母亲节早餐，并点头表示赞成。得到爸爸的认可后，这对双胞胎笑得合不拢嘴。 (3)(应用文写作之感谢信)如果您能批准我们的提议，我们将不胜感激。 ①We would be grateful if you could approve our proposal.(approve) ②We would be grateful if you could give approval to our proposal.(approval) not only...but also...句型 教材原句 Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use，but also on how we use them.我们沟通的许多内容不仅取决于我们所使用的词语，还取决于我们如何运用它们。(P16) •not only...but also...意为“不仅……而且……”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强调后者，其中also有时可以省略； •not only...but also...连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”原则，即谓语动词和最近的主语保持一致； •not only...but also...连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，但but also后的句子不倒装。 (1)Not only my parents but also I am(be) fond of traveling around，so we travel every year. (2)(话题写作之地点介绍)Firstly, Beijing is the capital of China.Besides, Beijing is not only the political center but also the economic center of our country. 首先，北京是中国的首都。此外，北京不仅是我国的政治中心，而且是我国的经济中心。 (3)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)“认识我们身边的植物”活动不仅让我们认识了校园里不同的植物，也激发了我们学生亲近自然的热情。 ①The activity “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” not only enabled us to identify different plants on campus but it also aroused the enthusiasm of us students for getting close to nature. ②Not only did the activity “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us” enable us to identify different plants on campus but it also aroused the enthusiasm of us students for getting close to nature. Ⅰ.一词多义 accent A.n.口音，腔调　B.n.重音　C.n.着重点，强调　D.vt.着重，强调，突出 1．The company will put the accent on improving the quality of its products. C 2．You must accent the points where your product is better than the competitor. D 3．Judging from his accent，he is probably from the south. A 4．In the word “today” the accent is on the second syllable. B Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．Before you begin to make a speech，you should collect your thoughts and ideas.集中 2．With his last jump，he equalled the world record.比得上 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．He was not suitable to take(take) on the job，so he decided to resign from his position. 2．My gentle mother is sympathetic(sympathy) to the homeless girl and has determined to help her. 3．Even if I didn’t meet with his approval(approve)，I wasn’t discouraged at all. 4．What made me rejoice was that I had such a good chance to communicate with him. 5．They have developed some new products，using(use) advanced technology. 6．His parents are disappointed with him，because he often speaks in an unpleasant tone. 7．There was no one in the street to whom I can turn for help and I was at the mercy of helplessness. 8．He has some virtues and I hold the strong belief that he is competent to do(do) the job. 9．On account of his timely guidance，I finally passed the driving test. 10．Not only I but also he has gained(gain) a bonus so far due to our hard work. Ⅱ.选词填空 1．My reliable friend says，“You always put yourself in my shoes and this is why I admire you.” 2．In the end，the ward functioned as the specialist’s office and he discussed some important issues with others. 3．The photographer depended on his wife to help him solve the problem last weekend. 4．Too much pressure may account for your recent low efficiency in study. 5．Honestly speaking，your scarfpin was suitable for yesterday’s special occasion. Ⅲ.完成句子(话题写作之电子交流) 1．With the development of science and economy，e-communications account for a large part of our daily interactions. 随着科学和经济的发展，电子通信占我们日常互动的很大一部分。 2．But I do not approve of e-communications. 但我并不赞同电子通信。 3．Not only do they decrease the effectiveness of communication but they also make people unwilling to talk with each other face to face. 它们不仅降低了沟通的有效性，而且还使人们不愿意面对面地交谈。 4．Therefore，in my opinion，we should react to e-communications in a scientific manner. 因此，在我看来，我们应该以科学的方式应对电子通信。 5．Making full use of e-communications，we should also negotiate with each other about matters face to face. 充分利用电子通信，我们还应该面对面地就问题进行协商。 Ⅳ.阅读理解 Young adults often have a lot to learn in school.However，occasionally，the life skills needed for them to become successful outside of school aren’t learned.This may be why the years after high school can sometimes be the most uneasy and tense times for young adults. Some may say that life skills are to be taught by their household rather than school，but that’s not exactly true.Some students don’t have a parent figure to teach them the necessary moral lessons needed and habitually rely on school to propound them with this essential knowledge.This is why courses of life skills should be set up in schools. Over the course of history，students generally go to an educational institution of some sort to find themselves spending their entire time learning math and science，instead of what is required for real world—communication，which is through behaviors and manners.Manners are important when students have a conversation with family，friends，teachers perhaps or even employers.Schools should find a way to teach manners as a way for students to have respect and be open-minded when it comes to other individuals. In addition，the handling of finances is one of the major life skills for students.For people，especially young people，to survive in today’s financial environment，knowledge of personal finance is a necessity.For example，school’s educating students about building credit scores and keeping up with a credit card is helpful.However，Educational Institutions do not spend a good amount of time talking about the topic of money managing：paying taxes，mortgage，bills，insurance，etc.It is time to extend financial knowledge by making personal finance a required course at US colleges and universities. With the essential instructions of communication and financial management provided to the young adults，they will be more successful in their future life. 1．What does the underlined word “propound” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Bother. B．Charge. C．Provide. D．Treat. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，有些学生不能得到家长的教育，因此他们便要习惯性地依赖学校向他们传授这些基本知识，即由学校向他们提供这些基本知识，因此画线词意为“提供”。故选C。 2．What does the author advise schools to teach students? A．Skills of making money. B．The communication ability. C．The history of their country. D．Ways to study maths and science. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段和最后一段内容可知，作者建议学校教授学生沟通能力。故选B。 3．What can be inferred from paragraph 4? A．It is easy to survive in today’s financial environment. B．Most of the students don’t need to build credit scores. C．Students are lacking in instructions of financial management. D．Educational Institutions spend much time on money managing. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段倒数第二句可知，在财务管理方面，教育机构为学生做的并不充分，可以推断出学生缺乏财务管理方面的指导。故选C。 4．What is the best title for the text? A．What Have Students Learned in School? B．Why Should Life Skills Be Taught in School? C．How Can Students Behave Well in Daily Life? D．Why Should Parents Teach Kids Moral Lessons? 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。通读全文尤其第一段可知，本文主要讲述了学校向学生传授生活基本技能的必要性，即为什么学校要传授生活技能，故选B。 Ⅴ.完形填空 (2023·安徽高二联考) Andrew Chilton was diagnosed with autism(自闭症) at age eight.There was a lot to 1 .Would he ever have a job? Live 2 ？ Doctors and school officials 3 that Andrew might not even graduate from high school. Andrew’s family would do anything for him.Christy Chachere，the boy’s personal care attendant，saw the 4 right away.“You have to let him 5 ，” she told the family.“It’s the 6 way he learns to do things on his own.” No longer would Andrew’s mother write his papers.His younger brother wouldn’t 7 him to operate the computer.Christy wouldn’t help him with homework either. Andrew 8 loudly at times.But then what Christy expected began to 9 .Andrew would come home from school，get a snack and start on his homework.Christy was 10 there.She wouldn’t do his papers for him.But she showed him how to get organized.Best of all，Christy offered 11 once his work was done.She’d 12 him to a store where he could buy Pokémon cards.To the movies.Or out to eat his favorite food. Christy has been with Andrew for six years.She has successfully helped 13 the life of a boy with autism.One 14 at a time，Andrew gained independence.He graduated from high school and entered community college.“Life has never been 15 ，” said Andrew. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。安德鲁·奇尔顿是一个患有自闭症的孩子。幸运的是，他的私人护理员克里斯蒂·查切尔帮助他获得了新生。 1．A.put off B．worry about C．set aside D．settle down 答案　B 解析　根据下文“Would he ever have a job？”可知，安德鲁有很多让人担心的问题，比如是否能找到工作或者独立生活。故选B。 2．A.flexibly B．fortunately C．creatively D．independently 答案　D 解析　根据上文“Andrew Chilton was diagnosed with autism(自闭症) at age eight.”及常识可知，自闭症患者生活、学习都是很难自主的，故大家可能对他能否独立生活很担心。故选D。 3．A.whispered B．desired C．predicted D．witnessed 答案　C 解析　根据下文“Andrew might not even graduate from high school”可知，这是医生和学校对安德鲁今后学业的一个可能性预测。故选C。 4．A.opinion B．chance C．problem D．ability 答案　C 解析　根据下文“‘You have to let him ，’ she told the family.‘It’s the way he learns to do things on his own.’”可知，私人护理员给安德鲁的家人提出建议，这肯定是因为她发现了问题所在。故选C。 5．A.fail B．escape C．protect D．promise 答案　A 解析　根据下一段内容及常识可知，没有家人的帮助，安德鲁很多事情会做不好，会开始体验失败。故选A。 6．A.easy B．normal C．quick D．only 答案　D 解析　根据前后语境可知，让安德鲁体验失败，他才能学会独立做事，故可知这是唯一能够帮助安德鲁独立的方法。故选D。 7．A.help B．inspire C．allow D．refuse 答案　A 解析　根据下文“Christy wouldn’t help him with homework either.”可知，私人助理员也不再帮他完成作业，故前文应提及说妈妈和弟弟也不再帮他。故选A。 8．A.apologized B．complained C．requested D．argued 答案　B 解析　根据上文可知，家人和私人护理员都不再帮他做事，他开始体验失败，应该会抱怨。故选B。 9．A.pass B．reduce C．spread D．happen 答案　D 解析　根据下文“Andrew would come home from school，get a snack and start on his homework.”可知，安德鲁的行为发生了改变，他开始自己独立做事，私人护理员期待看到的事发生了。故选D。 10．A.always B．sometimes C．seldom D．never 答案　A 解析　根据下文“She wouldn’t do his papers for him.But she showed him how to get organized.”可知，私人护理员总是陪着安德鲁，观察他，以她的方式帮助他。故选A。 11．A.quality B．measure C．freedom D．strength 答案　C 解析　根据下文“She’d him to a store where he could buy Pokémon cards.To the movies.Or out to eat his favorite food.”可知，私人护理员在安德鲁完成自己的事情之后，会带他出去做喜欢的事，即给他自由的空间。故选C。 12．A.follow B．take C．force D．introduce 答案　B 解析　根据下文“a store where he could buy Pokémon cards”可知，此处指她会带安德鲁去商店购物。故选B。 13．A.ruin B．change C．occupy D．admire 答案　B 解析　根据下文“Andrew gained independence.”可知，安德鲁从被大家认为无法独立生活变得独立，他的生活在私人护理员的帮助下发生了很大改变。故选B。 14．A.discovery B．competition C．choice D．step 答案　D 解析　根据上文“Christy has been with Andrew for six years.”可知，她陪伴安德鲁六年，看着他慢慢成长，可以说是一步步发生改变的。故选D。 15．A.better B．busier C．easier D．quieter 答案　A 解析　根据上文“He graduated from high school and entered community college.”可知，被认为无法高中毕业的安德鲁竟然考上了大学，这让他自己感觉生活很美好。故选A。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Perhaps knitting our brows，setting our jaws，and narrowing our eyes into a serious，focused or determined 1. (face) expression can help us perform better and ease the stress.Game face，a look of great determination on the face of a game player，accounts 2._________ that. 3． (prove) game face could really help people handle physical or mental challenges，expert Richesin with several 4. (colleague) did some research.They designed two tests，both of 5. were simple to carry out.For the first，they asked 62 people to put hands in ice-cold water for a few minutes.The second experiment required participants to figure out 6. puzzle. For each experiment，the participants 7. (divide) in half.One group were told to keep their expressions serious and determined.The other group were allowed to let their faces do whatever their faces felt like 8. (do) in the moment. What was the result? The “game face” crowd，not only performed，on average，about 20% better，but also recovered from stress more 9. (effective)． “This will give us a better understanding of the benefits 10. (provide) by making a game face，” Richesin said in a release. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，介绍了“游戏脸”确实可以帮助人们应对身体或心理挑战，能够使人们表现更好，而且能更有效地从压力中恢复。 1．答案　facial 解析　考查形容词。分析句子可知，空格处作定语修饰名词expression，表示“面部表情”，应使用形容词。故填facial。 2．答案　for 解析　考查介词。分析句子可知，空格处构成固定短语account for“解释……的原因”。故填for。 3．答案　To prove 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处为句子的目的状语，应使用不定式形式，位于句首首字母大写。故填To prove。 4．答案　colleagues 解析　考查名词复数。分析句子可知，名词colleague是可数名词，前面有several修饰，空格处应使用复数形式。故填colleagues。 5．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句引导词，用于“代词＋of＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是tests 表示“事物”，此处应使用关系代词which。 6．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。分析句子可知，空格处缺少冠词，此处是第一次提到puzzle，表示“泛指”，应使用不定冠词修饰，puzzle的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。 7．答案　were divided 解析　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，动词divide和主语participants之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态；根据上下文可知，应使用一般过去时。又因主语为复数，故填were divided。 8．答案　doing 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处动词do充当动词短语feel like的宾语，使用动名词形式。feel like doing“喜欢做”，故填doing。 9．答案　effectively 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，空格处为状语修饰动词recovered，应使用副词形式。故填effectively. 10．答案　provided 解析　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，空格处充当后置定语修饰名词benefits，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。故填provided。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$