专题14 阅读简答题 -2025年中考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（上海专用）

专题14 阅读简答题 目录 题型综述 1 解题攻略 4 特殊疑问句 4 一般疑问句与反义疑问句 8 选择疑问句.................................................................................................................................8 开放式问题及补全答案句子 9 中考练场 11 【题型解读】 “阅读简答题”，考查学生信息查找能力、语篇理解能力和归纳概括能力。要求学生在看懂文章的基础上给出的问题答案。要求学生要有很好的阅读理解和归纳总结的能力，并且能够根据所给题目准确找出解题依据，给出答案，注意细节。。其中，问题类型的设置也是比较固定的。阅读提供的阅读材料一般内容浅显，题材多样，所命题旨在考查学生通过通读全文后能够理解其内容，关注问题中的特殊疑问词，带着问题读文章，然后回答文章后面的题目，同时考查学生语言表达的思想性与精确性。 【命题规律】 分析近3年中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设6个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。 1、文本特点 ☑ 体裁多样化，以信件、故事、人物小传、采访、便条为主； ☑ 人文性强、体验性强、生活性强、哲理性强、探索性强。 2、命题思路 ☑ 在语篇中获取事实信息；☑ 在语篇中推测隐含意义；☑ 在语篇中理解和归纳主旨大意。 ☑ 细节题，能在原文中找到。关键要细心，细心，再细心！答题要信息完整。 ☑ 通常最后一个问题属于开放性题目。做这种题目时，必须看懂有关内容及前因后果，因为开放性题目的答案可以有许多，只要言之有理，都能得分。 ☑ 书面回答问题时，不同问题类型的回答方式不同。 【解题技巧】 · 1.读：先读问题，明确任务。再带着问题去读文章。 · 2.划：划出文章中与问题相关的关键句（答题区）。复读问题，划出问题中的主语和谓语。 · 3.析：先分析问句的人称、时态和数，再翻译问句并分析提问部分的答案在答句中是什么语法成分。 · 4.组：用完整的陈述句式（主谓宾/主系表）回答。组合出语法正确、语意完整、无多余信息的答句。 · 5.查：检查答句的句子结构是否完整，答句的人称、时态、数、单词拼写、标点、大小写是否正确。 【注意事项】 · 1.很多情况下，不能照抄文章中的整个句子，需要重新组织语言。牢记：“准、精、变”三原则。 · 2.所有回答都要注意动词的时态和人称代词的使用。 如：When did his parents realize that Jake was missing? (回答用一般过去时,代词用they ) 【点睛】任务型阅读的答题要领：（回答问题） 通常针对文中的5W和How—即who, when, where, what, why,和how(how long, how far, how fast…)。 what is /are 提问，>>>> 用“名词或名词性从句回答” what do sb do 型提问>>>用“完整句子” 回答 When 提问>>>> 用“时间介词（in, on, at）+时间点” 回答 如 at 10 o’clock. Who 提问>>> 一般是”人名或有特征的人” 回答 Why 提问>>> 用“because + 具体原因“ 回答 Where 提问>>>用“介词+地方” 回答 How 提问>>> 一般用方式状语“介词+名词／动名词” 回答。 如：by car/ by taking a bus How long—- for + 一段时间/ since +时间点 How much—- 问金钱，用数字+货币单位回答 How fast—-  3 meters per hour 其他情况记得用完整的句子回答问题。 【解题步骤】 【考点诠释】 （一）、特殊疑问句： 1. What疑问句 What疑问句通常用完整的句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)等来回答。如： 问：What drew Maddie’s attention in the new school? 答：The big play set. 注意：What用来提问目的时，应当用for短语、不定式短语等来回答。 如： 问：What is the purpose of celebrating the Earth Day? 答：To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth. 2. Why疑问句 Why疑问句提问原因，通常用because＋从句、because of＋短语或不定式(表目的)来回答。如： 问：Why was the teacher surprised when the girl asked to host the class meeting? 答：Because the girl seldom spoke in public. 3. When疑问句 When疑问句提问时间，通常用完整的句子或介词＋时间来回答。如： 问：When was the world record for the most surfers on one board broken? 答：In 1989. 4. Where疑问句 Where疑问句提问地点、位置，通常用完整的句子或(介词＋)地点来回答。如： 问：Where was the name “Black Friday” first used in the 1950s? 答：In Philadelphia. 5. Who疑问句 Who疑问句提问身份或姓名，通常用He/She/It/They＋ be动词＋具体身份或姓名来回答。如： 问：Who has been invited to give speeches on yinsong? 答：Qin Haiqun (a professional actress)． 6. How疑问句 How疑问句提问方式，通常用By doing.../With＋n.或完整的句子来回答。如： 问：How does polluted water get into people’s bodies? 答：By drinking water, swimming or watering their plants. 7. How词组疑问句 How词组 用法 答语 示例 How often 提问频率 次数(once/twice/threetimes/...)＋a day/ week/month/year... 问：How often do you go to see your grandparents, Mary? 答：Three times a week. How soon 提问时间 in ＋一段时间 问：How soon will your mother come back? 答：In two days. How far 提问距离 基数词＋距离单位 (meter/kilome-ter...) 问：How far is the post office from the writer’s home? 答：It’s about three kilometers. How heavy 提问重量 基数词＋重量单位 (pound/kilo-gram...) 问：How heavy is that big box? 答：2 pounds. How wide 提问宽度 基数词＋宽度单位(meter/kilo-meter...) 问：How wide is that new street? 答：About 3 meters. How much 提问不可数名词的量 a little / little... 问：How much meat is there in the fridge? 答：Only a little. 提问价钱 基数词＋价钱单位 (yuan, dollar...) 问：How much did you pay for your new dictionary? 答：About 40 yuan. How old 提问年龄 基数词 (＋year/years old) 问：How old is the writer’s Chinese teacher? 答：Thirty (years old)． How high/tall 提问高度 基数词＋高度单位(meter/kilometer...) 问：How high is the tower in Paris? 答：Two hundred meters. How long 提问长度 基数词＋长度单位(centimeter/meter...) 问：How long is your ruler？ 答：Twenty centimeters. How many 提问可数名词的数量 基数词 问：How many students are there in the writer’s class? 答：Sixty. How long 提问一段 时间 (For＋) 时间段 问：How long have you been studying English so far? 答：(For) nearly 8 years. 【典题举隅】 In the city center, firefighters quickly get ready when they hear the alarm. Within 60 seconds they are dressed and rushing to a burning building. Even though they know the floors might collapse and the ceilings could fall, they still have to go inside. One wrong decision might mean death. Who would do a job like that? Ask firefighter Sam Telfer. One month ago, he signed up for the job. He used to sit in an office of a software company, but now he is trained to break into rooms full of smoke and heat and come up with a rescue strategy. “I wanted a job where I could be active, work with my hands, learn new practical skills, and face different challenges every day,” That’s quite an understatement (保守说法) to describe a career that requires you to keep a cool head while fighting against a fire. But Telfer says that flames (火焰) and nerves can be controlled in the same way: through continuous physical and mental training. Telfer was a runner in college, but now he trains his lungs for dangerous situations instead of races. He has to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear, like oxygen tanks. He also needs to carry unconscious people to safety. No matter what he’s doing, he has to control his breathing. Panic (恐慌) will only waste his limited air supply. His survival depends on more than just being physically fit. Firefighters need a lot of mental preparation too. When they are not dealing with emergencies, they study many subjects like emergency medicine, structural design, and chemical reactions. They practice quickly assessing (评估) the changing conditions of a fire. Shifting from a software expert to a first responder was a big change for Telfer. But he says, “I have never once felt that this isn’t the right job for me.” Even though danger might be waiting every day, his body and mind are trained to stay calm, even in the middle of a fierce fire. 55．Firefighters have to get ready within sixty seconds after hearing the alarm, don’t they? 56．When did Sam Telfer become a firefighter? 57．Where did Telfer work before becoming a firefighter? 58．What physical training does a firefighter take? Give an example. 59．How can a firefighter survive a big fire? 60．Does Sam Telfer love the job as a firefighter? Give your reason. （二）、.一般疑问句与反义疑问句： Be动词开头： 问：Is/Are/Was/Were…? 答：Yes, 代词+is/are/was/were.或No, 代词+isn’t./aren’t/ wasn’t/ weren’t. 助动词开头： 问：Do/Does/Did…? 答：Yes, 代词+do/does/did.或No, 代词+don’t/doesn’t/ didn’t. 情态动词开头：（以will和can为主） 问：Can…? 答：Yes, 代词+can./ No, 代词+can’t. 问：Will…? 答：Yes, 代词+will./ No, 代词+won’t.  【典题举隅】 Hao Shuxin, 24, sees sign language as her mother tongue, as her parents are deaf. “I picked up sign language before I could even talk,” she recalled. In 2018, she became a sign language interpreter at a law firm in Chongqing. Her work takes her to places like courts, where she interprets for deaf people in legal cases. 49．Is Hao Shuxin a deaf person? 【典题举隅】 In the city center, firefighters quickly get ready when they hear the alarm. Within 60 seconds they are dressed and rushing to a burning building. Even though they know the floors might collapse and the ceilings could fall, they still have to go inside. One wrong decision might mean death. 55．Firefighters have to get ready within sixty seconds after hearing the alarm, don’t they? （三）、选择疑问句： 由选择疑问句（A or B）来提问文章的细节。（选择A或者B来回答） 【典题举隅】 “The cables are ropes and are wishes of safety for the fishermen off the coasts. These zigzags remind me of the cliff paths I hope you’ll walk with me and pick flowers along the way. And then my favourite is the diamond. It tells me to treasure all in this life. With each stitch (一针), more love is added to the sweater, and the knitter always knows for whom she is knitting.” I loved the way I connected stitches together, one at a time, just like what Grandma said. 64．Which patterns remind Grandma to value what she has, cables, zigzags, or diamonds? （四）、句子补全填空及开放式问题： 开放性问题往往没有唯一固定答案，所以可以尝试从不同的维度去分析作答。既要依据文章所呈现的内容，又要融入自己合理的思考。注意运用简洁且符合英语语法规范的句子来作答，避免出现表意不明、语法错误等情况，尽量让回答通俗易懂。 句子补全完整：仔细阅读题干句子，明确题目所填的核心内容，确定需要从文章哪些角度去思考和作答。比如是问对某个事件的看法、某种做法的意义，还是关于文中人物行为的启示等。回到原文中，找到与问题相关的部分，再次精读这部分内容，提取关键信息、细节以及作者的一些观点倾向等，这些都可能为自己的回答提供依据或灵感。 .............. All too soon, it was time to go. I wore my sweater Grandma made me, and I gave her the scarf that I had worked so hard on. It showed how I felt about Grandma. I never saw her again. But she is with me often, not only because ________ but also because ________. Especially when I later passed her gift on to my own daughter. We knit in blues and greens, and talk about the colour of the sea in Ireland. One day we hope to see it together. 66．Why does Jane think Grandma is with her often? Complete the sentence. .............. Shifting from a software expert to a first responder was a big change for Telfer. But he says, “I have never once felt that this isn’t the right job for me.” Even though danger might be waiting every day, his body and mind are trained to stay calm, even in the middle of a fierce fire. 60．Does Sam Telfer love the job as a firefighter? Give your reason. 【模拟练】 Passage 1 （2025·上海宝山·模拟预测）Are men ten times better at painting than women? You might think so if you listened to Georg Baselitz. The German artist once said, “Women don’t paint very well. It’s a fact. The market doesn’t lie.” On the market, male artists do perform much better than female artists. The most expensive painting ever sold, Salator Mundi (《救世主》) by Leonardo da Vinci, sold for $450 million. The world record set by a female artist,Georgia Q’ Keeffe, was just $44.4 million (see pictures below). The same is true among living artists. British artist Helen Gorrill has studied the prices of 5,000 paintings. She found that for every one pound a male was able to earn for his work, a woman was only able to earn ten pence—one-tenth of a pound. The painting on the left, by Leonardo da Vinci, is ten times more expensive than the one on the right, by Georgia O’ Keeffe. Why is there such a big pay gap? Could it be that men are simply better at painting? Oxford professor of finance Renee Adams decided to find out. In one study, she showed people five paintings by men and five by women. Then, she asked them to guess the gender (性别) of the artists. They were right 50 percent of the time-no better than tossing (抛，扔) a coin. So art by men is no different from, and thus no better than, art by women. It’s hard to explain the pay gap between male and female artists. For one thing, the world has been ruled by men for much of history. It was hard to find works by female artists in museums, even if they were good. Most museums have never had enough confidence to break this “tradition”. But the value of an artist’s work is unlikely to go up until he or she has been bought by a museum. Moreover, some female artists have even been dropped by museums once they started having babies. The common belief is that, because of this, they will no longer have the necessary time to spend on their careers. So why should people still take their work seriously? The good news is that the world is starting to change. Museums are trying to rebalance their collections. A few are even selling art by men in order to buy more art by women. Prices for work by women are rising 29 percent faster than those for the art that has been created by men. Women can’t paint well? Nonsense. Even the market is telling us so. 1．How much did the world’s most expensive painting sell for? 2．What conclusion did Renee Adams draw from her study? 3．What does the underline word “tradition” in paragraph 4 refer to? 4．Some female artists haven’t been dropped by museums once they started having babies, have they? 5．How is the world starting to change the pay gap between male and female artists? 6．Do you think the gender of the artist will affect the quality of the artwork? Give your reason(s). Passage 2 （2025·上海徐汇·模拟预测）There’s a new kind of AI jobs. It pays six - figure salaries. And it doesn’t require a degree in computer engineering coding. Companies are looking for people to craft prompts that help train AI programs. These people are called prompt engineers (提示工程师). They work on generative artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT. This is AI that creates content, such as text, audio, video, and images, in response to a user’s request. Prompt engineers train AI to deliver better response. Anne Bernstein, a prompt engineer at Copy. ai, writes prompts and feeds them into AI tools. This helps the AI generate text, such as a blog post or email, with accurate information and proper tone. She doesn’t need to write code to do this. She simply types instructions. Bernstein joined Copy. ai in September 2021. “There weren’t many of us prompt engineers,” she says. “For a long time, it really felt like it was just me.” That was about a year before ChatGPT went viral for its ability to generate writing and answer questions. Prompt engineering is now one of the hottest tech jobs. Job surge (激增) AI tools need training. At the moment, they provide results that are not always correct or proper. That’s why companies are looking for prompt engineers. A tech company called Anthropic is advertising a “prompt engineer and librarian.” Applicants must “love solving puzzles.” In Massachusetts, Boston Children’ s Hospital is advertising for a prompt engineer, too. Rob Lennon is an expert on the topic. He teaches people the skills needed for the job. As of April, about 2,000 students had taken his two online courses. “People are clamoring for this knowledge,” Lennon says. Will it last? Some say the need for this job will burn out. Ethan Mollick is an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania. “It’s not clear that prompt engineering is going to matter long - term,” he says. “AI programs are getting better at predicting what users need.” The high salaries may not last either. “These are jobs that probably only 500 people could do right now,” Lennon says. “In six months, 50,000 people will be able to do that job. The value of this knowledge is greater today than it will be tomorrow.” 7．Prompt engineers don’t need a degree in computer engineering or coding, do they? 8．What is the main responsibility of a prompt engineer? 9．What kind of AI tools do prompt engineers work on? 10．Why are companies looking for prompt engineers according to the passage? 11．According to Rob Lennon and Ethan Mollick, why might the high salaries for prompt engineers not last in the future? 12．Do you think prompt engineering will remain a valuable skill in the future? Why or why not? Passage 3 （2025·上海浦东新·一模）I arrived on a freezing night, shivering and tired. I searched for any kind of shelter and found a small empty doghouse. Lying in it, I heard footsteps approaching, but I was too sick to lift my head. A family found me and stopped. Then I got wrapped (包裹) in a thick jacket, carefully and gently. A woman picked me up. She lowered her head looking at me. I could see the worry and sadness in her eyes. “Honey, dogs are everywhere in this area. We can’t save all of them,” said the man. He was right. There were so many of us—homeless and forgotten. The woman replied, “She can’t even stand up. How can we turn our back on such a poor life?” After a moment of silence, the man finally agreed. They soon took me to a nearby pet clinic. I started to believe every dog has its day. But my body told a different story. My legs were broken, my teeth were worn down, and my eyes were clouded. The vet said I had heartworm (犬心丝虫), and it was getting worse because of my age. He suggested letting me pass away naturally. “That will never happen,” the woman refused. After getting back home, she cared for me as if I were her baby. She named me “Pretty Girl”. She allowed me to live inside and prepared the soft bed for me. I ate real food, something I had never tasted. When I didn't want to take medicine, she patted (轻拍) me and encouraged me. Days went by, and now, look at me! I can run fast and jump high. My legs are strong and powerful, and ________. What a truly pretty girl! Every afternoon, I follow the family around the garden, watching over them. In the evening, my family always take me for a relaxing walk. For me, nights are no longer cold. 13．Was the dog healthy when it was found? 14．How did the woman feel when she saw the dog? 15．Where was the dog sent immediately after she was saved? 16．What does the underlined word “That” refer to? 17．How does the dog probably look now? Fill in the blank with one change in her look. 18．Why are the nights no longer cold for the dog? List at least TWO reasons. Passage 4 （2025·上海闵行·一模）根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Eton, a ten-year-old boy, used to go for a walk with his father every day on a nearby hill. One day the boy said, “Dad, let’s have a race today. One who touches top of hill first, wins the race.” Father agreed. Both of them started running toward hilltop. After running for some time, Father suddenly stopped. Eton asked, “What happened? Why did you stop suddenly? Have you accepted your defeat already?” “No, no. Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes. I stopped to remove them,” Father replied. “Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes too, but I don’t care. Once I touch top then I will remove them,” Eton replied. Saying this, the boy ran ahead fast. Father removed pebbles from his shoes and moved ahead. Eton had gone far ahead, but now he started feeling pain in his feet because of the pebbles stuck in his shoes and his running speed started to decrease (下降). Gradually, Father came close to him. Seeing his boy, Father shouted from behind, “Why don’t you remove pebbles from your shoes first?” “But I don’t have time for this!” said the boy. In a short while, Father overtook him. Eton’s pain had increased a lot due to the pricking pebbles and now he was not even able to walk. He stopped there and screamed, “Dad, I can’t run any more.” Father quickly ran back and took off Eton’s shoes and saw that his feet were injured. Father took the boy back home and applied some medicine to the injuries. When pain subsided (消退) a bit, he talked to the boy, “Son, I told you to first remove your pebbles and then go on with the race.” “But ________,” Eton said. “It is not like that son, if any problem come in our life, then we should not delay solving them by saying that we don’t have time right now. It would have taken you hardly one minute to remove that pebble but now to save that one minute, you will have to suffer from pain for one week”, Father said. 19．Did Eton and his father have a race on a nearby hill one day? 20．Why did Father suddenly stop after running for some time? 21．Why did Eton begin to run more and more slowly? 22．How did Father take care of his son’s feet? 23．What might Eton say to his father? Fill in the blank with one sentence. 24．What will Eton possibly do when he meets with problems next time? Why? Passage 5 （2025·上海金山·一模）Read and answer the questions (阅读短文， 根据以下内容回答问题) One day when Kelly, my daughter, was out, I entered her room to look for a book, only to find the room rather messy. I decided to tidy it up and it was no surprise that my daughter was angry about it when she was back. I couldn’t blame her, as no one likes to feel violated (侵犯). After that, it seemed like I saw the CAUTION tape more than I saw my daughter’s face. The door to her room, like the door to her thoughts, was often closed. She spent more and more time by herself and was less and less interested in family movie night. I began to look for a way back into her world. One Saturday evening, we went shopping for some clothes for she grew bigger. The errand (差事) became a totally fun outing because we were together with great joy. We shopped, joked, laughed and laughed. Besides, we entered a tea shop, tried some of their blend (混合茶叶) and bought a box of a flavor we both liked. Once the weather turns cold, it is always tea season in our house. This year, with our new tea flavor on tap, I enjoyed switching the kettle on and shared the tea. A knock on my daughter’s door followed by “Tea, here...” was always welcomed. I no longer nagged (不停唠叨) about her homework. I no longer nagged about the dirty clothes on the floor. I no longer tried to ask for information about her social circle. For that moment, I just brought her a cup of tea, and nothing more. My ticket into her room came with hot water and a bag of tea leaves. By offering this simple comfort, I gained some quality time with my daughter. 25．It was surprising that Kelly was angry with what her mother did, wasn’t it? 26．Please list an example which shows the door to Kelly’s thoughts was closed. 27．Who made the tea, Kelly or the writer? 28．What did the writer no longer nag about? 29．What does the phrase “this simple comfort” refer to? 30．When is the quality time you spend with your parents? Why do you think so? Passage 6 （2025·上海崇明·一模）根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Brooke has just become the 12-ranked rock climbers in the world. One of her coaches explains that she’s so good because she has really strong fingers and the amazing flexibility (柔韧性) of a child. That helps her a lot and means she can do things older climbers have never thought of doing. Brooke comes from a climbing family. Both her parents are past climbing champions (冠军). Her father stopped climbing some years ago, but her mother, Robyn, who won four world cup titles one after another for four years, is still climbing. She runs a club for young climbers in Colorado, USA and coaches Brooke and her teammates. Sometimes it’s difficult for mother and daughter to work together so closely, but they really respect and trust each other and Brooke says her mum is a great coach. Brooke says that her mother gives her a lot of good advice and is a very important part of her climbing life. Robyn can be strict, but she really loves climbing mountains, and she passes this passion on to her students. Robyn says “Brooke is very determined (坚决的) and is very good at encouraging herself. This helps her when she’s facing the challenges of this difficult sport. She is also very hardworking.” Success in rock climbing is something you have to work at. To be a world-class sportswoman of any kind, you have to push yourself and train hard and that’s what Brooke does, every day, at the club and at home. Brooke says that climbing is always a part of her everyday life. They even have a climbing wall in their house! But climbing isn’t only hard work. It’s fun too. Brooke loves climbing and when she’s on a high rock, she feels happy. Strangely, she says that when she looks down, she isn’t scared. All she does is think about how cool it is to be so small compared to the rock. 31．Why is Brooke so successful in climbing according to her coach? 32．Brooke’s mother is very good at climbing, isn’t she? 33．What does Robyn do to train young climbers? 34．Why does Brooke say Robyn is a great coach? 35．How hard does Brooke train herself in rock climbing? 36．Would you like to have a life like Brooke? Why or why not? Passage 7 （2025·上海青浦·一模）Lucy Larcom was one of the most famous poets in America. Today she is best remembered for her book, A New England Girlhood, which tells about her growing-up years as a mill (工厂) girl. Lucy was born in 1824. As a young girl, she enjoyed exploring the woods near her house and playing with her brothers and sisters. When Lucy was 7 years old, her father died suddenly, turning her life upside down forever. Lucy’s mother struggled to find the money to feed and clothe her big family. Not many jobs were open to women then. One of the few places women could find paid work was in the water-powered cloth mills. So Mrs Larcom made a difficult decision. She uprooted her family from the quiet village and moved to the busy factory town of Lowell. In Lowell, Lucy’s older sisters quickly found jobs in the cotton mills. Lucy attended the local elementary school. When Lucy turned 11, her mother told her that it was time for her to follow her older sisters into the cotton mills. The family needs the money Lucy could earn. At first, Lucy was excited about becoming a mill girl. Helping to support her family made her feel grown up. Besides, she disliked her school in Lowell because she was afraid of the schoolmaster, who whipped his students with a leather strap when they forgot their lessons. Yet working at the cotton mill was much harder than Lucy had ever imagined. At the end of her first year in the cotton mill, Lucy got a great chance to go back to school for three months. Those days back at school were a huge success. Her kind and dedicated new teacher made learning a delight. Lucy moved ahead so quickly with her lessons that by the end of her short school term she was ready to progress to high school. Lucy dreamt of leaving her mill girl days behind to attend high school. However, she knew that her family needed the money, so she returned to the hated mill, feeling 82 . When Lucy turned 21, she finally left the mill for good. Eager to continue her education, she then went to a women’s college. When Lucy finished her training in 1853, she became a teacher at Wheaton School. There she founded a literary society. And her poetry began to appear in newspapers and magazines. In the book, Lucy emphasized that she never regretted her years working as a mill girl. “I had early been saved from a great mistake; for it is the greatest of mistakes to begin life with the expectation that is going to be easy, or with the wish to have it so. What a world it would be, if there were no hills to climb! ” 37．What is Lucy’s book A New England Girlhood about? 38．What was the life-changing event in Lucy’s childhood? 39．What did Lucy’s mother decide to do to make money? 40．Why did Lucy change her attitude about going to school? One reason was that . Besides, . 41．How did Lucy feel when she returned to the hated mill? (Fill in each blank with ONE word) …, so she returned to the hated mill, feeling but . 42．What is the implied (隐含的) meaning of the underlined sentence? (Use no more than three sentences) Passage 8 （2025·上海杨浦·一模）Lost luggage By Tom Church Two years ago, I went on holiday to Rome with my family. It was a four-hour train journey from our home, and we all helped to plan the trip. We were looking forward to seeing the famous sights! Everything went really well and we had a great time visiting the amazing tourist attractions. I was in charge of taking all the photos with my brand new phone, which had an excellent camera. We stayed in Rome for two weeks, and it was really amazing. On the train journey back home, I decided to open my backpack, but I couldn’t find it. All my memories of Rome were in that backpack. I was very upset because I’d packed my phone in that backpack, along with my travel diary. I knew I would never see my new phone again. Weeks passed, and then months. At first, I contacted the train company every week, but after some time, it was clear that my backpack was never going to be found. After a while, I forgot all about it. Last month, I took the train to Florence on a school trip. Unbelievably, my backpack went missing again! I searched and searched, but it was nowhere to be seen! After Rome, I always kept my phone and other important items in my pockets. Two weeks after the Florence trip, I received a phone call from the train company. They told me they had my backpack, and they would send it to the station in my city. I assumed it was my backpack from the school trip. But, this time, there were no precious memories inside. Someone from the train company had found the backpack from Rome in a dusty old cupboard! Everything inside it was safe, and I finally got to share the photos with my family. It was so wonderful to see them. I decided we should all go back to Rome for another holiday...but this time, I would be much more careful with my things! 43．Tom lost the same backpack twice, didn’t he? 44．How long was the train journey from Tom’s home to Rome? 45．What items does ‘all my memories of Rome’ most likely refer to? 46．How did Tom feel when he got the call from the train company about his backpack? He felt and . 47．What lesson do you think Tom learnt from the two trips? 48．Suppose you’re Tom. What steps will you take to deal with losing your backpack? (List at least 3 steps) 【真题练】 第一套 （2023·上海中考真题） Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答问题） 第二套 （2022·上海中考真题） （Mike is telling a story. It happened when he was seven.） It was New Year’s Eve. In the morning, I heard Grandma tell Mum she needed a football for the New Year’s Eve dinner. “A football for the dinner? What’s it for?” I wondered. “Anyway, I will get one! I can do something nice for Grandma.” I remembered my friend Joe had an old football. I went out quietly and found him. I gave him my favourite model car in exchange for his football. I took the football home, shined it and put it on the living room table secretly. I waited in my room for Grandma to notice it. “Mike!” Mum shouted. I ran to the living room. “Why can’t you put your things where they belong? Get the football out of here!” “But it’s for Grandma! She said she needed a football for the New Year’s Eve dinner.” I said. “A football for the dinner?” Mum laughed. “No, Grandma needs a fruit bowl, not a football.” “Fruit bowl sounds like football! I have done a silly thing!” I went back to my room, embarrassed and disappointed. Before dinner, Mum came in and asked me to meet my uncles and aunts. When I walked into the living room, Grandma was showing them a pretty fruit bowl with the old football in its centre, I was surprised. “Look!” Grandma said. “Today Mike brought me a nice present, this football. Isn’t it beautiful?” She continued. “It’s beautiful, yes — because anything from a child is beautiful.” 74. How old was Mike when the story happened? ______________________________________________________________ 75 What did Mike give Joe to get the football? ______________________________________________________________ 76. Whom did Mike expect to notice the football? ______________________________________________________________ 77. Why did Mike think he had done a silly thing? ______________________________________________________________ 78. What did Grandma do with the football? ______________________________________________________________ 79. How might Mike feel after hearing Grandma’s words? Explain why. ______________________________________________________________ 第三套 （2021·上海中考真题） Triathlon is a race in which each person swims, rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances. It has been held ten times in Hope Town. Sam, aged 20, finished nine races with his younger brother Luke. Every race was a victory for them. Luke can’t walk, talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth. But Sam wants his brother to know what it feels like to be part of a sport instead of having to sit and watch. A local TV journalist interviewed Sam after he received the Town Hero Award. (J=Journalist, S=Sam) J: How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events? S: When I was ten, my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons. One of the men had a condition like Luke has. I got the idea from that. J: What’s it like having Luke along? S: I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon, for I’m giving something to Luke. He can experience things any other man would. J: What do you get from him? S: It’s the smile on Luke’s face. That smile brightens me. The feeling of knowing that I’ve done something for him is unbelievable. J: When you received the Town Hero Award, you talked about the importance of changing the way you see things. What did you mean? S: People see Luke very differently: “Oh, he can’t do something like that. He’s disabled.” But if you just change how you see things, you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming, biking or even triathlons, like we do. J: What do you want to share with other young men? S: ________ 1．How many races did Sam and Luke finish? 2．Who has suffered from a brain illness, Sam or Luke? 3．What did Sam’s mom show him when he was ten? 4．How does Sam feel during the whole triathlon? 5．What does Sam get from Luke? 6．What might be Sam’s reply to the journalist’s last question? Write TWO sentences. 第四套 （2020·上海中考真题） "Just because you can't see something, that doesn't mean it's not there. "This old saying is quite meaningful for British sculptor（雕刻家） Willard. The items he creates are so small that most of them fit on the head of a pin. You can see them clearly only through a microscope（显微镜）. Many people want to own his art pieces. He's been honored by the Queen of England for his great art achievements. At every one of his exhibitions, the question is always the same. How does he do it? The answer is very, very carefully. So carefully, in fact, that he actually slows his breathing down and works in between breaths. Willard usually works under a microscope using special tools that he creates. To paint his works, he uses the hair from a fly as a paintbrush. Creating these detailed works is a very long and difficult process, and it isn't always enjoyable." It is a terrible dream when I start but a nice dream when I finish," he says. A single item can take at least several weeks to complete. People have asked Willard why he chose to do something that needed effort and took time. His interest in creating small things began when he was five. He started creating houses and playgrounds for ants. Willard was not a strong student. He had difficulty in reading and spelling words. Some kids used to call him a loser. This made him feel small, so focusing on lite things helped him to feel big. The smaller his work got, the bigger he felt. A newspaper reporter said, "Willard has shown the world that he is special. Though_______ , he________." 7．Are Willard's art pieces big or small in size? 8．When people visit Willard's exhibitions, what question do they always ask? 9．What does Willard use to make a paintbrush? 10．What does the underlined word it in paragraph 4 refer to? 11．Why did Willard choose to do something that needed effort and took time? 12．What can be filled in the blanks in the last paragraph? 第五套 （2019·上海中考真题） Ms.Lauren，a school head teacher，has asked the students to put down notes of what they have learned based on their own experiences.Here is some of what she's got. ☀When your mum is mad， hide what you don't want thrown away.☀Never， ever say“I hate you”. ☀Even if nothing is in the fridge，don't eat dog food. Believe me， you won't like it! ☀Don't judge people by their looks.Someone could be bad-looking and still be nice. Katie，age 13 Life is like a"choose your own ending"book-you can take whatever adventures（冒险）you want. Being nice can get you somewhere. Never ask your dad to help you with a maths problem.It will turn out to be a three-hour lesson. If you have a problem，share it with your mum. People who do unkind things to you are not your friends. Sally，age 15 13．Katie probably tried dog food when there was nothing in the fridge，didn't she? ______________________________________________________________ 14．Why doesn't Sally ask Dad for help with a maths problem? ______________________________________________________________ 15．Read Sally's and Jackie's notes.What kind of people won't she/he be friends with? ______________________________________________________________ 16．What is Jackie and Alex's attitude towards telling lies? ______________________________________________________________ 17．Whom do all four kids mention in their notes? ______________________________________________________________ 18．What will Ms.Lauren possibly do with the notes? Why? ______________________________________________________________ 2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题14 阅读简答题 目录 题型综述 1 解题攻略 4 特殊疑问句 4 一般疑问句与反义疑问句 8 选择疑问句.................................................................................................................................8 开放式问题及补全答案句子 9 中考练场 11 【题型解读】 “阅读简答题”，考查学生信息查找能力、语篇理解能力和归纳概括能力。要求学生在看懂文章的基础上给出的问题答案。要求学生要有很好的阅读理解和归纳总结的能力，并且能够根据所给题目准确找出解题依据，给出答案，注意细节。文体主要还是以记叙文为主，其他文体为辅。其中，问题类型的设置也是比较固定的。阅读提供的阅读材料一般内容浅显，题材多样，所命题旨在考查学生通过通读全文后能够理解其内容，关注问题中的特殊疑问词，带着问题读文章，然后回答文章后面的题目，同时考查学生语言表达的思想性与精确性。 【命题规律】 分析近3年中考英语真题可知，回答问题型阅读的话题涉及故事类、介绍类、观点建议类、饮食与健康类、科普知识类、文化风俗类及校园生活类。词数为200－260词， 一般情况下，每篇文章设6个问题， 其中以4个特殊疑问句、1个一般疑问句居多， 少量涉及5个特殊疑问句和3个特殊疑问句、2个一般疑问句。 1、文本特点 ☑ 体裁多样化，以信件、故事、人物小传、采访、便条为主； ☑ 人文性强、体验性强、生活性强、哲理性强、探索性强。 2、命题思路 ☑ 在语篇中获取事实信息；☑ 在语篇中推测隐含意义；☑ 在语篇中理解和归纳主旨大意。 ☑ 细节题，能在原文中找到。关键要细心，细心，再细心！答题要信息完整。 ☑ 通常最后一个问题属于开放性题目。做这种题目时，必须看懂有关内容及前因后果，因为开放性题目的答案可以有许多，只要言之有理，都能得分。 ☑ 书面回答问题时，不同问题类型的回答方式不同。 【解题技巧】 · 1.读：先读问题，明确任务。再带着问题去读文章。 · 2.划：划出文章中与问题相关的关键句（答题区）。复读问题，划出问题中的主语和谓语。 · 3.析：先分析问句的人称、时态和数，再翻译问句并分析提问部分的答案在答句中是什么语法成分。 · 4.组：用完整的陈述句式（主谓宾/主系表）回答。组合出语法正确、语意完整、无多余信息的答句。 · 5.查：检查答句的句子结构是否完整，答句的人称、时态、数、单词拼写、标点、大小写是否正确。 【注意事项】 · 1.很多情况下，不能照抄文章中的整个句子，需要重新组织语言。牢记：“准、精、变”三原则。 · 2.所有回答都要注意动词的时态和人称代词的使用。 如：When did his parents realize that Jake was missing? (回答用一般过去时,代词用they ) 【点睛】任务型阅读的答题要领：（回答问题） 通常针对文中的5W和How—即who, when, where, what, why,和how(how long, how far, how fast…)。 what is /are 提问，>>>> 用“名词或名词性从句回答” what do sb do 型提问>>>用“完整句子” 回答 When 提问>>>> 用“时间介词（in, on, at）+时间点” 回答 如 at 10 o’clock. Who 提问>>> 一般是”人名或有特征的人” 回答 Why 提问>>> 用“because + 具体原因“ 回答 Where 提问>>>用“介词+地方” 回答 How 提问>>> 一般用方式状语“介词+名词／动名词” 回答。 如：by car/ by taking a bus How long—- for + 一段时间/ since +时间点 How much—- 问金钱，用数字+货币单位回答 How fast—-  3 meters per hour 其他情况记得用完整的句子回答问题。 【解题步骤】 【考点诠释】 （一）、特殊疑问句： 1. What疑问句 What疑问句通常用完整的句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句)等来回答。如： 问：What drew Maddie’s attention in the new school? 答：The big play set. 注意：What用来提问目的时，应当用for短语、不定式短语等来回答。 如： 问：What is the purpose of celebrating the Earth Day? 答：To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth. 2. Why疑问句 Why疑问句提问原因，通常用because＋从句、because of＋短语或不定式(表目的)来回答。如： 问：Why was the teacher surprised when the girl asked to host the class meeting? 答：Because the girl seldom spoke in public. 3. When疑问句 When疑问句提问时间，通常用完整的句子或介词＋时间来回答。如： 问：When was the world record for the most surfers on one board broken? 答：In 1989. 4. Where疑问句 Where疑问句提问地点、位置，通常用完整的句子或(介词＋)地点来回答。如： 问：Where was the name “Black Friday” first used in the 1950s? 答：In Philadelphia. 5. Who疑问句 Who疑问句提问身份或姓名，通常用He/She/It/They＋ be动词＋具体身份或姓名来回答。如： 问：Who has been invited to give speeches on yinsong? 答：Qin Haiqun (a professional actress)． 6. How疑问句 How疑问句提问方式，通常用By doing.../With＋n.或完整的句子来回答。如： 问：How does polluted water get into people’s bodies? 答：By drinking water, swimming or watering their plants. 7. How词组疑问句 How词组 用法 答语 示例 How often 提问频率 次数(once/twice/threetimes/...)＋a day/ week/month/year... 问：How often do you go to see your grandparents, Mary? 答：Three times a week. How soon 提问时间 in ＋一段时间 问：How soon will your mother come back? 答：In two days. How far 提问距离 基数词＋距离单位 (meter/kilome-ter...) 问：How far is the post office from the writer’s home? 答：It’s about three kilometers. How heavy 提问重量 基数词＋重量单位 (pound/kilo-gram...) 问：How heavy is that big box? 答：2 pounds. How wide 提问宽度 基数词＋宽度单位(meter/kilo-meter...) 问：How wide is that new street? 答：About 3 meters. How much 提问不可数名词的量 a little / little... 问：How much meat is there in the fridge? 答：Only a little. 提问价钱 基数词＋价钱单位 (yuan, dollar...) 问：How much did you pay for your new dictionary? 答：About 40 yuan. How old 提问年龄 基数词 (＋year/years old) 问：How old is the writer’s Chinese teacher? 答：Thirty (years old)． How high/tall 提问高度 基数词＋高度单位(meter/kilometer...) 问：How high is the tower in Paris? 答：Two hundred meters. How long 提问长度 基数词＋长度单位(centimeter/meter...) 问：How long is your ruler？ 答：Twenty centimeters. How many 提问可数名词的数量 基数词 问：How many students are there in the writer’s class? 答：Sixty. How long 提问一段 时间 (For＋) 时间段 问：How long have you been studying English so far? 答：(For) nearly 8 years. 【典题举隅】 In the city center, firefighters quickly get ready when they hear the alarm. Within 60 seconds they are dressed and rushing to a burning building. Even though they know the floors might collapse and the ceilings could fall, they still have to go inside. One wrong decision might mean death. Who would do a job like that? Ask firefighter Sam Telfer. One month ago, he signed up for the job. He used to sit in an office of a software company, but now he is trained to break into rooms full of smoke and heat and come up with a rescue strategy. “I wanted a job where I could be active, work with my hands, learn new practical skills, and face different challenges every day,” That’s quite an understatement (保守说法) to describe a career that requires you to keep a cool head while fighting against a fire. But Telfer says that flames (火焰) and nerves can be controlled in the same way: through continuous physical and mental training. Telfer was a runner in college, but now he trains his lungs for dangerous situations instead of races. He has to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear, like oxygen tanks. He also needs to carry unconscious people to safety. No matter what he’s doing, he has to control his breathing. Panic (恐慌) will only waste his limited air supply. His survival depends on more than just being physically fit. Firefighters need a lot of mental preparation too. When they are not dealing with emergencies, they study many subjects like emergency medicine, structural design, and chemical reactions. They practice quickly assessing (评估) the changing conditions of a fire. Shifting from a software expert to a first responder was a big change for Telfer. But he says, “I have never once felt that this isn’t the right job for me.” Even though danger might be waiting every day, his body and mind are trained to stay calm, even in the middle of a fierce fire. 55．Firefighters have to get ready within sixty seconds after hearing the alarm, don’t they? 56．When did Sam Telfer become a firefighter? 57．Where did Telfer work before becoming a firefighter? 58．What physical training does a firefighter take? Give an example. 59．How can a firefighter survive a big fire? 60．Does Sam Telfer love the job as a firefighter? Give your reason. 【答案】55．Yes, they do. 56．Telfer became a firefighter one month ago. 57．He worked in a software company. 58．Firefighters have to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear like oxygen tanks. 59．They should be physically fit and need a lot of mental preparation. 60．Yes. He does. Because in this job, he can be active, work with hands. learn new practical skills and face different challenges every day. 【导语】本文讲述了消防员Sam Telfer的故事。 55．根据“Within 60 seconds they are dressed and rushing to a burning building.”可知，消防员在听到警报声后，需要在60秒内准备好，故此处用肯定回答。故填Yes, they do. 56．根据“Ask firefighter Sam Telfer, One month ago, he signed up for the job.”可知，他一个月之前签约成为一名消防员。故填Telfer became a firefighter one month ago. 57．根据“He used to sit in an office of a software company”可知，他曾经在一件软件公司工作。故填He worked in a software company. 58．根据“He has to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear, like oxygen tanks.”可知，必须穿着 34 公斤重的装备例如，氧气瓶，爬上数百级台阶。故填Firefighters have to climb hundreds of steps while wearing 34 kilograms of gear like oxygen tanks. 59．根据“His survival depends on more than just being physically fit. Firefighters need a lot of mental preparation too.”可知，消防员的生存不仅仅取决于身体健康。消防员也需要做好充分的心理准备。故填They should be physically fit and need a lot of mental preparation. 60．根据“But he says, ‘I have never once felt that this isn’t the right job for me.’ ”可知，他认为消防员是最适合他的工作，因此可知他喜欢这份工作，因此用肯定回答。故填Yes, he does. Because in this job, he can be active, work with hands. learn new practical skills and face different challenges every day. （二）、.一般疑问句与反义疑问句： Be动词开头： 问：Is/Are/Was/Were…? 答：Yes, 代词+is/are/was/were.或No, 代词+isn’t./aren’t/ wasn’t/ weren’t. 助动词开头： 问：Do/Does/Did…? 答：Yes, 代词+do/does/did.或No, 代词+don’t/doesn’t/ didn’t. 情态动词开头：（以will和can为主） 问：Can…? 答：Yes, 代词+can./ No, 代词+can’t. 问：Will…? 答：Yes, 代词+will./ No, 代词+won’t.  【典题举隅】 Hao Shuxin, 24, sees sign language as her mother tongue, as her parents are deaf. “I picked up sign language before I could even talk,” she recalled. In 2018, she became a sign language interpreter at a law firm in Chongqing. Her work takes her to places like courts, where she interprets for deaf people in legal cases. 49．Is Hao Shuxin a deaf person? 【答案】49．No, she isn’t. 【导语】本文主要讲述了手语译员郝舒欣在帮助聋人群体进行法律翻译工作中的挑战和努力。 49．根据“Hao Shuxin, 24, sees sign language as her mother tongue, as her parents are deaf.”和“I picked up sign language before I could even talk”可知，因为父母都是聋人，郝舒欣将手语视为自己的母语，在会说话之前就学会了手语，她自己不是聋人。故填No, she isn’t. 【典题举隅】 In the city center, firefighters quickly get ready when they hear the alarm. Within 60 seconds they are dressed and rushing to a burning building. Even though they know the floors might collapse and the ceilings could fall, they still have to go inside. One wrong decision might mean death. 55．Firefighters have to get ready within sixty seconds after hearing the alarm, don’t they? 【答案】55．Yes, they do. 【导语】本文讲述了消防员Sam Telfer的故事。 55．根据“Within 60 seconds they are dressed and rushing to a burning building.”可知，消防员在听到警报声后，需要在60秒内准备好，故此处用肯定回答。故填Yes, they do. （三）、选择疑问句： 由选择疑问句（A or B）来提问文章的细节。（选择A或者B来回答） 【典题举隅】 “The cables are ropes and are wishes of safety for the fishermen off the coasts. These zigzags remind me of the cliff paths I hope you’ll walk with me and pick flowers along the way. And then my favourite is the diamond. It tells me to treasure all in this life. With each stitch (一针), more love is added to the sweater, and the knitter always knows for whom she is knitting.” I loved the way I connected stitches together, one at a time, just like what Grandma said. 64．Which patterns remind Grandma to value what she has, cables, zigzags, or diamonds? 【答案】 64．The diamonds. 【导语】本文讲述了作者小时候去祖父母家时，跟祖母学习编织毛衣的经历，以及这段经历对作者后来的深远影响。 64．根据“And then my favourite is the diamond. It tells me to treasure all in this life”可知，菱形图案让祖母珍惜她所拥有的东西。故填The diamonds. （四）、句子补全填空及开放式问题： 开放性问题往往没有唯一固定答案，所以可以尝试从不同的维度去分析作答。既要依据文章所呈现的内容，又要融入自己合理的思考。注意运用简洁且符合英语语法规范的句子来作答，避免出现表意不明、语法错误等情况，尽量让回答通俗易懂。 句子补全完整：仔细阅读题干句子，明确题目所填的核心内容，确定需要从文章哪些角度去思考和作答。比如是问对某个事件的看法、某种做法的意义，还是关于文中人物行为的启示等。回到原文中，找到与问题相关的部分，再次精读这部分内容，提取关键信息、细节以及作者的一些观点倾向等，这些都可能为自己的回答提供依据或灵感。 .............. All too soon, it was time to go. I wore my sweater Grandma made me, and I gave her the scarf that I had worked so hard on. It showed how I felt about Grandma. I never saw her again. But she is with me often, not only because ________ but also because ________. Especially when I later passed her gift on to my own daughter. We knit in blues and greens, and talk about the colour of the sea in Ireland. One day we hope to see it together. 66．Why does Jane think Grandma is with her often? Complete the sentence. 【答案】 66．But she is with me often, not only because I wear the sweater Grandma made me but also because I continue the tradition of knitting that Grandma taught me. 【导语】本文讲述了作者小时候去祖父母家时，跟祖母学习编织毛衣的经历，以及这段经历对作者后来的深远影响。 66．根据“I wore my sweater Grandma made me,”以及“Especially when I later passed her gift on to my own daughter.”并结合文章内容可知，作者觉得奶奶一直和自己在一起，不仅是因为她穿着奶奶给自己做的毛衣，也因为作者延续了奶奶教自己的编织传统。故填But she is with me often, not only because I wear the sweater Grandma made me but also because I continue the tradition of knitting that Grandma taught me. .............. Shifting from a software expert to a first responder was a big change for Telfer. But he says, “I have never once felt that this isn’t the right job for me.” Even though danger might be waiting every day, his body and mind are trained to stay calm, even in the middle of a fierce fire. 60．Does Sam Telfer love the job as a firefighter? Give your reason. 【答案】 60．Yes. He does. Because in this job, he can be active, work with hands. learn new practical skills and face different challenges every day. 【导语】本文讲述了消防员Sam Telfer的故事。 60．根据“But he says, ‘I have never once felt that this isn’t the right job for me.’ ”可知，他认为消防员是最适合他的工作，因此可知他喜欢这份工作，因此用肯定回答。故填Yes, he does. Because in this job, he can be active, work with hands. learn new practical skills and face different challenges every day. 【模拟练】 Passage 1 （2025·上海宝山·模拟预测）Are men ten times better at painting than women? You might think so if you listened to Georg Baselitz. The German artist once said, “Women don’t paint very well. It’s a fact. The market doesn’t lie.” On the market, male artists do perform much better than female artists. The most expensive painting ever sold, Salator Mundi (《救世主》) by Leonardo da Vinci, sold for $450 million. The world record set by a female artist,Georgia Q’ Keeffe, was just $44.4 million (see pictures below). The same is true among living artists. British artist Helen Gorrill has studied the prices of 5,000 paintings. She found that for every one pound a male was able to earn for his work, a woman was only able to earn ten pence—one-tenth of a pound. The painting on the left, by Leonardo da Vinci, is ten times more expensive than the one on the right, by Georgia O’ Keeffe. Why is there such a big pay gap? Could it be that men are simply better at painting? Oxford professor of finance Renee Adams decided to find out. In one study, she showed people five paintings by men and five by women. Then, she asked them to guess the gender (性别) of the artists. They were right 50 percent of the time-no better than tossing (抛，扔) a coin. So art by men is no different from, and thus no better than, art by women. It’s hard to explain the pay gap between male and female artists. For one thing, the world has been ruled by men for much of history. It was hard to find works by female artists in museums, even if they were good. Most museums have never had enough confidence to break this “tradition”. But the value of an artist’s work is unlikely to go up until he or she has been bought by a museum. Moreover, some female artists have even been dropped by museums once they started having babies. The common belief is that, because of this, they will no longer have the necessary time to spend on their careers. So why should people still take their work seriously? The good news is that the world is starting to change. Museums are trying to rebalance their collections. A few are even selling art by men in order to buy more art by women. Prices for work by women are rising 29 percent faster than those for the art that has been created by men. Women can’t paint well? Nonsense. Even the market is telling us so. 1．How much did the world’s most expensive painting sell for? 2．What conclusion did Renee Adams draw from her study? 3．What does the underline word “tradition” in paragraph 4 refer to? 4．Some female artists haven’t been dropped by museums once they started having babies, have they? 5．How is the world starting to change the pay gap between male and female artists? 6．Do you think the gender of the artist will affect the quality of the artwork? Give your reason(s). 【答案】1．$450 million. 2．Art by men is no different from, and thus no better than, art by women. 3．The tradition of museums rarely displaying works by female artists. 4．Yes, some female artists have been dropped by museums once they started having babies. 5．Museums are rebalancing their collections, selling art by men to buy more art by women, and prices for women’s art are rising faster. 6．No, the gender of the artist does not affect the quality of the artwork because art by men is no different from, and thus no better than, art by women. 【导语】本文主要讨论了艺术市场中男女艺术家之间的薪酬差距，并探讨了造成这种差距的原因。 1．根据“The most expensive painting ever sold, Salator Mundi (《救世主》) by Leonardo da Vinci, sold for $450 million.”可知有史以来售价最高的画作是达·芬奇的《救世主》，其售价为4.5亿美元。故填$450 million. 2．根据“Oxford professor of finance Renee Adams decided to find out. In one study, she showed…So art by men is no different from, and thus no better than, art by women.”可知，Renee Adams的研究结论是男性艺术家的作品与女性艺术家的作品并无不同，因此男性艺术家的作品并不比女性艺术家的作品更好。故填Art by men is no different from, and thus no better than, art by women. 3．根据“It was hard to find works by female artists in museums, even if they were good. Most museums have never had enough confidence to break this ‘tradition’.”可知，“tradition”指的是博物馆中很少展示女性艺术家作品的传统。故填The tradition of museums rarely displaying works by female artists. 4．根据“Moreover, some female artists have even been dropped by museums once they started having babies.”可知，一些女性艺术家在开始生育后甚至被博物馆放弃。故填Yes, some female artists have been dropped by museums once they started having babies. 5．根据“Museums are trying to rebalance their collections. A few are even selling art by men in order to buy more art by women. Prices for work by women are rising 29 percent faster than those for the art that has been created by men.”可知，世界正在通过博物馆重新平衡其收藏、出售男性艺术家的作品以购买更多女性艺术家的作品，以及女性艺术家作品价格的上涨速度更快来改变男女艺术家之间的薪酬差距。故填Museums are rebalancing their collections, selling art by men to buy more art by women, and prices for women’s art are rising faster. 6．开放性试题，言之有理即可。故填No, the gender of the artist does not affect the quality of the artwork because art by men is no different from, and thus no better than, art by women. Passage 2 （2025·上海徐汇·模拟预测）There’s a new kind of AI jobs. It pays six - figure salaries. And it doesn’t require a degree in computer engineering coding. Companies are looking for people to craft prompts that help train AI programs. These people are called prompt engineers (提示工程师). They work on generative artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT. This is AI that creates content, such as text, audio, video, and images, in response to a user’s request. Prompt engineers train AI to deliver better response. Anne Bernstein, a prompt engineer at Copy. ai, writes prompts and feeds them into AI tools. This helps the AI generate text, such as a blog post or email, with accurate information and proper tone. She doesn’t need to write code to do this. She simply types instructions. Bernstein joined Copy. ai in September 2021. “There weren’t many of us prompt engineers,” she says. “For a long time, it really felt like it was just me.” That was about a year before ChatGPT went viral for its ability to generate writing and answer questions. Prompt engineering is now one of the hottest tech jobs. Job surge (激增) AI tools need training. At the moment, they provide results that are not always correct or proper. That’s why companies are looking for prompt engineers. A tech company called Anthropic is advertising a “prompt engineer and librarian.” Applicants must “love solving puzzles.” In Massachusetts, Boston Children’ s Hospital is advertising for a prompt engineer, too. Rob Lennon is an expert on the topic. He teaches people the skills needed for the job. As of April, about 2,000 students had taken his two online courses. “People are clamoring for this knowledge,” Lennon says. Will it last? Some say the need for this job will burn out. Ethan Mollick is an associate professor at the University of Pennsylvania. “It’s not clear that prompt engineering is going to matter long - term,” he says. “AI programs are getting better at predicting what users need.” The high salaries may not last either. “These are jobs that probably only 500 people could do right now,” Lennon says. “In six months, 50,000 people will be able to do that job. The value of this knowledge is greater today than it will be tomorrow.” 7．Prompt engineers don’t need a degree in computer engineering or coding, do they? 8．What is the main responsibility of a prompt engineer? 9．What kind of AI tools do prompt engineers work on? 10．Why are companies looking for prompt engineers according to the passage? 11．According to Rob Lennon and Ethan Mollick, why might the high salaries for prompt engineers not last in the future? 12．Do you think prompt engineering will remain a valuable skill in the future? Why or why not? 【答案】7．No, they don’t. 8．The main responsibility of a prompt engineer is to craft prompts that help train AI programs. 9．Prompt engineers work on generative artificial intelligence tools, such as ChatGPT. 10．Because AI tools need training and they provide results that are not always correct or proper. 11．Because as more people learn the skills, the value of this knowledge will decrease. 12．(开放性回答)Yes, I think prompt engineering will remain a valuable skill in the future. As AI continues to develop, there will always be a need for skilled professionals to train and improve these systems. While AI programs may become better at predicting user needs, there will still be a demand for human input and expertise to ensure that these systems operate effectively and efficiently. 【导语】本文主要介绍了“提示工程师”（Prompt Engineer）这一新兴职业的背景、职责及其在人工智能领域的应用。 7．根据“It pays six - figure salaries. And it doesn’t require a degree in computer engineering coding.”可知，提示工程师不需要计算机工程或编码的学位。故填No, they don’t. 8．根据“Companies are looking for people to craft prompts that help train AI programs.”可知，提示工程师的主要职责是编写提示，帮助训练AI程序以提供更好的响应。故填The main responsibility of a prompt engineer is to craft prompts that help train AI programs. 9．根据“They work on generative artificial intelligence, such as ChatGPT.”可知，提示工程师主要工作在生成式人工智能工具上，如ChatGPT。故填Prompt engineers work on generative artificial intelligence tools, such as ChatGPT. 10．根据“AI tools need training. At the moment, they provide results that are not always correct or proper. That’s why companies are looking for prompt engineers.”可知，人工智能工具需要培训。目前，它们提供的结果并不总是正确或适当的。故填Because AI tools need training and they provide results that are not always correct or proper. 11．根据“AI programs are getting better at predicting what users need.”和“In six months, 50,000 people will be able to do that job. The value of this knowledge is greater today than it will be tomorrow.”可知，在6个月内，将有5万人能够胜任这项工作。这种知识的价值今天比明天更大。故填Because as more people learn the skills, the value of this knowledge will decrease. 12．主观题，合理即可。故填Yes, I think prompt engineering will remain a valuable skill in the future. As AI continues to develop, there will always be a need for skilled professionals to train and improve these systems. While AI programs may become better at predicting user needs, there will still be a demand for human input and expertise to ensure that these systems operate effectively and efficiently. Passage 3 （2025·上海浦东新·一模）I arrived on a freezing night, shivering and tired. I searched for any kind of shelter and found a small empty doghouse. Lying in it, I heard footsteps approaching, but I was too sick to lift my head. A family found me and stopped. Then I got wrapped (包裹) in a thick jacket, carefully and gently. A woman picked me up. She lowered her head looking at me. I could see the worry and sadness in her eyes. “Honey, dogs are everywhere in this area. We can’t save all of them,” said the man. He was right. There were so many of us—homeless and forgotten. The woman replied, “She can’t even stand up. How can we turn our back on such a poor life?” After a moment of silence, the man finally agreed. They soon took me to a nearby pet clinic. I started to believe every dog has its day. But my body told a different story. My legs were broken, my teeth were worn down, and my eyes were clouded. The vet said I had heartworm (犬心丝虫), and it was getting worse because of my age. He suggested letting me pass away naturally. “That will never happen,” the woman refused. After getting back home, she cared for me as if I were her baby. She named me “Pretty Girl”. She allowed me to live inside and prepared the soft bed for me. I ate real food, something I had never tasted. When I didn't want to take medicine, she patted (轻拍) me and encouraged me. Days went by, and now, look at me! I can run fast and jump high. My legs are strong and powerful, and ________. What a truly pretty girl! Every afternoon, I follow the family around the garden, watching over them. In the evening, my family always take me for a relaxing walk. For me, nights are no longer cold. 13．Was the dog healthy when it was found? 14．How did the woman feel when she saw the dog? 15．Where was the dog sent immediately after she was saved? 16．What does the underlined word “That” refer to? 17．How does the dog probably look now? Fill in the blank with one change in her look. 18．Why are the nights no longer cold for the dog? List at least TWO reasons. 【答案】13．No, it wasn’t. 14．She felt worried and sad. 15．It was sent to a nearby pet clinic. 16．Letting the dog pass away naturally. 17．my eyes are bright. 18．Because it no longer needs to find a shelter to hide in during the night and it has a warm family to care about it. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一家人救助一只受伤小狗的故事。 13．根据“I was too sick to lift my head. "以及“My legs were broken, my teeth were worn down, and my eyes were clouded.”可知，小狗被发现时不健康，身体状况很差。故填No, it wasn’t. 14．根据“A woman picked me up. She lowered her head looking at me. I could see the worry and sadness in her eyes.”可知，女士看到小狗时是担忧和难过的。故填She felt worried and sad. 15．根据“They soon took me to a nearby pet clinic.”可知，小狗获救后被送往附近的诊所救治。故填It was sent to a nearby pet clinic. 16．根据“The vet said I had heartworm (犬心丝虫), and it was getting worse because of my age. He suggested letting me pass away naturally. “That will never happen,” the woman refused.”可知，兽医说小狗得了犬心丝虫，而且由于年龄，情况变得更糟了，他建议让小狗自然去世。所以That指代上文所说的“letting me pass away naturally.”。故填Letting the dog pass away naturally. 17．根据前文小狗眼睛浑浊“my eyes were clouded”以及现在小狗恢复健康“I can run fast and jump high. My legs are strong and powerful, and…”等描述，可推测眼睛可能变清澈了。故填my eyes are bright. 18．文中提到小狗被家庭收养，家人照顾它，带它散步等，它有了温暖的家以及舒适的生活环境，所以夜晚不再寒冷。答案不唯一，合理即可。故填Because it no longer needs to find a shelter to hide in during the night and it has a warm family to care about it. Passage 4 （2025·上海闵行·一模）根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Eton, a ten-year-old boy, used to go for a walk with his father every day on a nearby hill. One day the boy said, “Dad, let’s have a race today. One who touches top of hill first, wins the race.” Father agreed. Both of them started running toward hilltop. After running for some time, Father suddenly stopped. Eton asked, “What happened? Why did you stop suddenly? Have you accepted your defeat already?” “No, no. Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes. I stopped to remove them,” Father replied. “Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes too, but I don’t care. Once I touch top then I will remove them,” Eton replied. Saying this, the boy ran ahead fast. Father removed pebbles from his shoes and moved ahead. Eton had gone far ahead, but now he started feeling pain in his feet because of the pebbles stuck in his shoes and his running speed started to decrease (下降). Gradually, Father came close to him. Seeing his boy, Father shouted from behind, “Why don’t you remove pebbles from your shoes first?” “But I don’t have time for this!” said the boy. In a short while, Father overtook him. Eton’s pain had increased a lot due to the pricking pebbles and now he was not even able to walk. He stopped there and screamed, “Dad, I can’t run any more.” Father quickly ran back and took off Eton’s shoes and saw that his feet were injured. Father took the boy back home and applied some medicine to the injuries. When pain subsided (消退) a bit, he talked to the boy, “Son, I told you to first remove your pebbles and then go on with the race.” “But ________,” Eton said. “It is not like that son, if any problem come in our life, then we should not delay solving them by saying that we don’t have time right now. It would have taken you hardly one minute to remove that pebble but now to save that one minute, you will have to suffer from pain for one week”, Father said. 19．Did Eton and his father have a race on a nearby hill one day? 20．Why did Father suddenly stop after running for some time? 21．Why did Eton begin to run more and more slowly? 22．How did Father take care of his son’s feet? 23．What might Eton say to his father? Fill in the blank with one sentence. 24．What will Eton possibly do when he meets with problems next time? Why? 【答案】19．Yes, they did. 20．Because some peddles got stuck in his shoes and he stopped to remove them. 21．Because the peddles stuck in his shoes made his feet hurt. 22．By taking the boy back home and applying some medicine to the injuries. 23．I want to win the race first/the time is so limited/doing that will probably waste my time 24．Eton will probably stop to solve the problems first. Because he has learned from this experience that delaying solving problems will cause more pain and trouble in the long run. 【导语】本主要讲述了伊顿和父亲在山上赛跑，伊顿因不愿停下清除鞋中石子而受伤，父亲借此教育他的故事，传达出生活中遇到问题不应拖延，需及时解决，否则会带来更大的困扰。 19．根据“Eton, a ten-year-old boy, used to go for a walk with his father every day on a nearby hill. One day the boy said, ‘Dad, let’s have a race today. One who touches top of hill first, wins the race.’ Father agreed.”可知，他们进行了赛跑。故填Yes, they did. 20．根据“No, no. Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes. I stopped to remove them”可知，父亲突然停下来是因为一些小石子卡在他的鞋子里了。它停下来把它们弄出来。故填Because some peddles got stuck in his shoes and he stopped to remove them. 21．根据“Eton had gone far ahead, but now he started feeling pain in his feet because of the pebbles stuck in his shoes and his running speed started to decrease (下降)”可知，因为卡在他鞋子里的鹅卵石让他的脚很疼，所以他跑得越来越慢。故填Because the peddles stuck in his shoes made his feet hurt. 22．根据“Father took the boy back home and applied some medicine to the injuries.”可知，父亲把男孩带回家，并在伤口上涂了些药。故填By taking the boy back home and applying some medicine to the injuries. 23．根据“Some pebbles got stuck in my shoes too, but I don’t care. Once I touch top then I will remove them”和“But I don’t have time for this!”可知，伊顿很想赢得比赛，没有时间把石头弄出来，故他可能会说：“我想第一个赢得比赛。/时间很有限。/那样做可能会浪费我的时间。”故填I want to win the race first/the time is so limited/doing that will probably waste my time。 24．根据“if any problem come in our life, then we should not delay solving them by saying that we don’t have time right now. It would have taken you hardly one minute to remove that pebble but now to save that one minute, you will have to suffer from pain for one week”可知，如果生活中出现任何问题，那么我们不应该说我们现在没有时间来拖延解决它们。你移走那块石头几乎不需要一分钟，但现在为了节省这一分钟，你将不得不忍受一周的疼痛，故下一次伊顿遇到问题，他可能会先停下来解决问题。因为他从这次经历中学到，拖延解决问题从长远来看会带来更多的痛苦和麻烦。故填Eton will probably stop to solve the problems first. Because he has learned from this experience that delaying solving problems will cause more pain and trouble in the long run. Passage 5 （2025·上海金山·一模）Read and answer the questions (阅读短文， 根据以下内容回答问题) One day when Kelly, my daughter, was out, I entered her room to look for a book, only to find the room rather messy. I decided to tidy it up and it was no surprise that my daughter was angry about it when she was back. I couldn’t blame her, as no one likes to feel violated (侵犯). After that, it seemed like I saw the CAUTION tape more than I saw my daughter’s face. The door to her room, like the door to her thoughts, was often closed. She spent more and more time by herself and was less and less interested in family movie night. I began to look for a way back into her world. One Saturday evening, we went shopping for some clothes for she grew bigger. The errand (差事) became a totally fun outing because we were together with great joy. We shopped, joked, laughed and laughed. Besides, we entered a tea shop, tried some of their blend (混合茶叶) and bought a box of a flavor we both liked. Once the weather turns cold, it is always tea season in our house. This year, with our new tea flavor on tap, I enjoyed switching the kettle on and shared the tea. A knock on my daughter’s door followed by “Tea, here...” was always welcomed. I no longer nagged (不停唠叨) about her homework. I no longer nagged about the dirty clothes on the floor. I no longer tried to ask for information about her social circle. For that moment, I just brought her a cup of tea, and nothing more. My ticket into her room came with hot water and a bag of tea leaves. By offering this simple comfort, I gained some quality time with my daughter. 25．It was surprising that Kelly was angry with what her mother did, wasn’t it? 26．Please list an example which shows the door to Kelly’s thoughts was closed. 27．Who made the tea, Kelly or the writer? 28．What did the writer no longer nag about? 29．What does the phrase “this simple comfort” refer to? 30．When is the quality time you spend with your parents? Why do you think so? 【答案】25．No, it wasn’t. 26．Kelly spent more and more time by herself and was less and less interested in family movie night. 27．The writer. 28．She no longer nagged about Kelly’s homework and the dirty clothes on the floor. 29．It refers to the hot water and a bag of tea leaves. 30．I think eating together is the quality time I spend with my parents. Because during the process of eating, we can share a lot of daily things, which undoubtedly can strengthen the connection of us. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了凯丽因妈妈进她私人空间整理房间而生气，妈妈意识到错误后，努力调整自己对待女儿的方式以重新走进女儿的世界的故事。 25．根据“I decided to tidy it up and it was no surprise that my daughter was angry about it when she was back.”可知，我决定帮她整理一下，而当她回来发现后生气也就不足为奇了。故填No, it wasn’t. 26．根据“She spent more and more time by herself and was less and less interested in family movie night.”可知，她房间的门就像她思想的门一样，经常紧闭着，表现是她越来越多时间独自度过，对家庭电影之夜也越来越不感兴趣。故填Kelly spent more and more time by herself and was less and less interested in family movie night. 27．根据“I enjoyed switching the kettle on and shared the tea. A knock on my daughter’s door followed by ‘Tea, here...’ was always welcomed.”可知，我总是很享受打开水壶沏茶并与她分享的时刻，敲敲女儿的门，然后说“茶，来了……”总是受到欢迎的，可知茶是作者煮的。故填The writer. 28．根据“I no longer nagged (不停唠叨) about her homework. I no longer nagged about the dirty clothes on the floor.”可知，作者不再唠叨女儿的作业和地板上的脏衣服。故填She no longer nagged about Kelly’s homework and the dirty clothes on the floor. 29．根据“My ticket into her room came with hot water and a bag of tea leaves. By offering this simple comfort, I gained some quality time with my daughter.”可知，我进入她房间的“门票”就是热水和一包茶叶，通过提供这种简单的安慰，我和女儿共度了一些宝贵的时光。可知此处简单的安慰指热水和一包茶叶。故填It refers to the hot water and a bag of tea leaves. 30．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I think eating together is the quality time I spend with my parents. Because during the process of eating, we can share a lot of daily things, which undoubtedly can strengthen the connection of us. Passage 6 （2025·上海崇明·一模）根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Brooke has just become the 12-ranked rock climbers in the world. One of her coaches explains that she’s so good because she has really strong fingers and the amazing flexibility (柔韧性) of a child. That helps her a lot and means she can do things older climbers have never thought of doing. Brooke comes from a climbing family. Both her parents are past climbing champions (冠军). Her father stopped climbing some years ago, but her mother, Robyn, who won four world cup titles one after another for four years, is still climbing. She runs a club for young climbers in Colorado, USA and coaches Brooke and her teammates. Sometimes it’s difficult for mother and daughter to work together so closely, but they really respect and trust each other and Brooke says her mum is a great coach. Brooke says that her mother gives her a lot of good advice and is a very important part of her climbing life. Robyn can be strict, but she really loves climbing mountains, and she passes this passion on to her students. Robyn says “Brooke is very determined (坚决的) and is very good at encouraging herself. This helps her when she’s facing the challenges of this difficult sport. She is also very hardworking.” Success in rock climbing is something you have to work at. To be a world-class sportswoman of any kind, you have to push yourself and train hard and that’s what Brooke does, every day, at the club and at home. Brooke says that climbing is always a part of her everyday life. They even have a climbing wall in their house! But climbing isn’t only hard work. It’s fun too. Brooke loves climbing and when she’s on a high rock, she feels happy. Strangely, she says that when she looks down, she isn’t scared. All she does is think about how cool it is to be so small compared to the rock. 31．Why is Brooke so successful in climbing according to her coach? 32．Brooke’s mother is very good at climbing, isn’t she? 33．What does Robyn do to train young climbers? 34．Why does Brooke say Robyn is a great coach? 35．How hard does Brooke train herself in rock climbing? 36．Would you like to have a life like Brooke? Why or why not? 【答案】31．Because she has really strong fingers and the amazing flexibility of a child. 32．Yes, she is. 33．She runs a club for young climbers, coaches them and passes the passion on to her students. 34．Because her mother gives her a lot of good advice and is a very important part of her climbing life. 35．She trains at the club and at home every day. 36．Yes, I’d love to. Because it can make me more courageous to face difficulties, and I can also be full of hope and confidence in life, which will be of great help to my future life. 【导语】本文介绍了Brooke的攀岩经历。她很喜欢攀岩也为之付出了很多努力。 31．根据“One of her coaches explains that she’s so good because she has really strong fingers and the amazing flexibility (柔韧性) of a child.”可知她之所以如此出色，是因为她的手指非常有力，而且具有惊人的柔韧性。故填Because she has really strong fingers and the amazing flexibility of a child. 32．根据“but her mother, Robyn, who won four world cup titles one after another for four years, is still climbing.”可知Brooke的妈妈也是很擅长攀岩，故填Yes, she is. 33．根据“She runs a club for young climbers in Colorado, USA and coaches Brooke and her teammates....Robyn can be strict, but she really loves climbing mountains, and she passes this passion on to her students.”可知Robyn经营一个登山俱乐部，为年轻登山者提供场所并训练他们，同时也把对喜爱攀岩的热情传递给她的学生。故填She runs a club for young climbers, coaches them and passes the passion on to her students. 34．根据“Brooke says that her mother gives her a lot of good advice and is a very important part of her climbing life.”可知她的妈妈给了她很多建议，也是她攀岩旅程中非常重要的一部分，故填Because her mother gives her a lot of good advice and is a very important part of her climbing life. 35．根据“To be a world-class sportswoman of any kind, you have to push yourself and train hard and that’s what Brooke does, every day, at the club and at home.”可知Brooke每天在俱乐部和在家都很努力训练，故填She trains at the club and at home every day. 36．开放性题目，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I’d love to. Because it can make me more courageous to face difficulties, and I can also be full of hope and confidence in life, which will be of great help to my future life. Passage 7 （2025·上海青浦·一模）Lucy Larcom was one of the most famous poets in America. Today she is best remembered for her book, A New England Girlhood, which tells about her growing-up years as a mill (工厂) girl. Lucy was born in 1824. As a young girl, she enjoyed exploring the woods near her house and playing with her brothers and sisters. When Lucy was 7 years old, her father died suddenly, turning her life upside down forever. Lucy’s mother struggled to find the money to feed and clothe her big family. Not many jobs were open to women then. One of the few places women could find paid work was in the water-powered cloth mills. So Mrs Larcom made a difficult decision. She uprooted her family from the quiet village and moved to the busy factory town of Lowell. In Lowell, Lucy’s older sisters quickly found jobs in the cotton mills. Lucy attended the local elementary school. When Lucy turned 11, her mother told her that it was time for her to follow her older sisters into the cotton mills. The family needs the money Lucy could earn. At first, Lucy was excited about becoming a mill girl. Helping to support her family made her feel grown up. Besides, she disliked her school in Lowell because she was afraid of the schoolmaster, who whipped his students with a leather strap when they forgot their lessons. Yet working at the cotton mill was much harder than Lucy had ever imagined. At the end of her first year in the cotton mill, Lucy got a great chance to go back to school for three months. Those days back at school were a huge success. Her kind and dedicated new teacher made learning a delight. Lucy moved ahead so quickly with her lessons that by the end of her short school term she was ready to progress to high school. Lucy dreamt of leaving her mill girl days behind to attend high school. However, she knew that her family needed the money, so she returned to the hated mill, feeling 82 . When Lucy turned 21, she finally left the mill for good. Eager to continue her education, she then went to a women’s college. When Lucy finished her training in 1853, she became a teacher at Wheaton School. There she founded a literary society. And her poetry began to appear in newspapers and magazines. In the book, Lucy emphasized that she never regretted her years working as a mill girl. “I had early been saved from a great mistake; for it is the greatest of mistakes to begin life with the expectation that is going to be easy, or with the wish to have it so. What a world it would be, if there were no hills to climb! ” 37．What is Lucy’s book A New England Girlhood about? 38．What was the life-changing event in Lucy’s childhood? 39．What did Lucy’s mother decide to do to make money? 40．Why did Lucy change her attitude about going to school? One reason was that . Besides, . 41．How did Lucy feel when she returned to the hated mill? (Fill in each blank with ONE word) …, so she returned to the hated mill, feeling but . 42．What is the implied (隐含的) meaning of the underlined sentence? (Use no more than three sentences) 【答案】37．It’s about her growing-up years as a mill girl. 38．Her father died suddenly. 39．Lucy’s mother decide to move to the busy factory town of Lowell. 40． working at the cotton mill was much harder than Lucy had ever imagined her kind and dedicated new teacher made learning a delight 41． disappointed (合理即可) resigned (合理即可) 42．生活不应是容易的，克服挑战对个人成长至关重要。(合理即可) 【导语】本文讲述了美国最著名的诗人之一——Lucy Larcom的成长经历。 37．根据“Today she is best remembered for her book, A New England Girlhood, which tells about her growing-up years as a mill (工厂) girl.”可知，这本书讲述了她作为一个工厂女孩的成长经历。故填It’s about her growing-up years as a mill girl. 38．根据“When Lucy was 7 years old, her father died suddenly, turning her life upside down forever.”可知，Lucy父亲的突然去世对她的童年生活造成了变化，这是一个决定性事件。故填Her father died suddenly. 39．根据“So Mrs Larcom made a difficult decision. She uprooted her family from the quiet village and moved to the busy factory town of Lowell.”可知，Lucy的妈妈决定举家离开了这个安静的村庄，搬到了繁忙的工业城镇洛厄尔。故填Lucy’s mother decide to move to the busy factory town of Lowell. 40．根据“Yet working at the cotton mill was much harder than Lucy had ever imagined.”和“Her kind and dedicated new teacher made learning a delight.”可知，棉纺厂的工作很辛苦和遇到了亲切而敬业的新老师改变了Lucy上学的态度。故填：①working at the cotton mill was much harder than Lucy had ever imagined；②her kind and dedicated new teacher made learning a delight。 41．根据“However, she knew that her family needed the money, so she returned to the hated mill, feeling 82 .”可知，Lucy返回她不喜欢的工厂工作时，感觉到失望，但依然顺从，因为她知道家庭需要她的工资。故填disappointed；resigned。(合理即可) 42．根据“What a world it would be, if there were no hills to climb!”可知，划线句子的隐含意义在于，生活不应是容易的，克服挑战对个人成长至关重要。Lucy珍视在工厂工作的经历，因为这教会了她坚韧。她相信困难有助于发展力量和品格。故填：生活不应是容易的，克服挑战对个人成长至关重要。(合理即可) Passage 8 （2025·上海杨浦·一模）Lost luggage By Tom Church Two years ago, I went on holiday to Rome with my family. It was a four-hour train journey from our home, and we all helped to plan the trip. We were looking forward to seeing the famous sights! Everything went really well and we had a great time visiting the amazing tourist attractions. I was in charge of taking all the photos with my brand new phone, which had an excellent camera. We stayed in Rome for two weeks, and it was really amazing. On the train journey back home, I decided to open my backpack, but I couldn’t find it. All my memories of Rome were in that backpack. I was very upset because I’d packed my phone in that backpack, along with my travel diary. I knew I would never see my new phone again. Weeks passed, and then months. At first, I contacted the train company every week, but after some time, it was clear that my backpack was never going to be found. After a while, I forgot all about it. Last month, I took the train to Florence on a school trip. Unbelievably, my backpack went missing again! I searched and searched, but it was nowhere to be seen! After Rome, I always kept my phone and other important items in my pockets. Two weeks after the Florence trip, I received a phone call from the train company. They told me they had my backpack, and they would send it to the station in my city. I assumed it was my backpack from the school trip. But, this time, there were no precious memories inside. Someone from the train company had found the backpack from Rome in a dusty old cupboard! Everything inside it was safe, and I finally got to share the photos with my family. It was so wonderful to see them. I decided we should all go back to Rome for another holiday...but this time, I would be much more careful with my things! 43．Tom lost the same backpack twice, didn’t he? 44．How long was the train journey from Tom’s home to Rome? 45．What items does ‘all my memories of Rome’ most likely refer to? 46．How did Tom feel when he got the call from the train company about his backpack? He felt and . 47．What lesson do you think Tom learnt from the two trips? 48．Suppose you’re Tom. What steps will you take to deal with losing your backpack? (List at least 3 steps) 【答案】43．No, he didn’t. 44．Four hours. 45．It refers to the photos and travel diary that Tom had packed in his backpack. 46． surprised happy 47．He will be much more careful with his things. 48．First, I will contact the train company immediately to report the lost backpack and provide details and description of the backpack. Second, I will check the lost and found sections of the train station or transportation website for any updates on found items. Third, I will follow up with the train company for a few weeks to see if it has been turned in. 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者丢失背包并找到背包的经历。 43．根据“my backpack was never going to be found”以及“Last month, I took the train to Florence on a school trip. Unbelievably, my backpack went missing again”可知作者去罗马时背的背包还没有找到，他参加学校旅行时又丢了一个背包，所以两个背包不是同一个。故填No, he didn’t. 44．根据“I went on holiday to Rome with my family. It was a four-hour train journey from our home”可知从他家到罗马坐火车要四个小时。故填Four hours. 45．根据“All my memories of Rome were in that backpack. I was very upset because I’d packed my phone in that backpack, along with my travel diary”可知手机和旅行日记都放在背包里了，所以对罗马的所有记忆都在那个背包里，故划线部分指代“汤姆放在背包里的手机和旅行日记”。故填It refers to the photos and travel diary that Tom had packed in his backpack. 46．根据“Two weeks after the Florence trip, I received a phone call from the train company. They told me they had my backpack, and they would send it to the station in my city”可知他接到火车公司的电话，告诉作者他的背包找到了，可推知他应该很惊讶很开心。故填surprised；happy。 47．根据“I would be much more careful with my things!”可知作者会更加小心他的东西。故填He will be much more careful with his things. 48．开放性试题，言之有理即可。参考答案为First, I will contact the train company immediately to report the lost backpack and provide details and description of the backpack. Second, I will check the lost and found sections of the train station or transportation website for any updates on found items. Third, I will follow up with the train company for a few weeks to see if it has been turned in. 【真题练】 第一套 （2023·上海中考真题） Answer the questions（根据短文内容回答问题） 78. Yes, he was. （根据文章 “He knew everything about gardening.” 可知，吉姆的爷爷擅长园艺，故答案为 Yes, he was.） 79. Because they needed to get the weeds out first. （根据文章 “We need to get the weeds (杂草) out first.” 可知，他们需要先除掉杂草，故答案为 Because they needed to get the weeds out first.） 80. He promised her to plant daffodils every year. （根据文章 “So when we got married, I promised her to plant daffodils every year.” 可知，爷爷答应奶奶每年种水仙花，故答案为 He promised her to plant daffodils every year.） 81. I will do the gardening. （根据文章 “He isn't here but he surely has taught you something, hasn't he?” 和 “Jim thought about how happy Grandpa would be when he came back and saw the daffodils. He put on his rubber boots and spent the whole day tidying, digging, planting and watering.” 可知，吉姆会说他会做园艺，故答案为 I will do the gardening.） 82. He planted daffodils in the garden. （根据文章 “He put on his rubber boots and spent the whole day tidying, digging, planting and watering.” 可知，吉姆在花园里种了水仙花来欢迎爷爷回家，故答案为 He planted daffodils in the garden.） 83. Because Grandpa taught him gardening, how to plant daffodils and the meaning of love. Grandma taught him to be independent and do something meaningful when Grandpa was not at home. （根据文章 “Every weekend Jin got his hands dirty in the soil with Grandpa.”“For Grandma,” said Grandpa, “On the day we first met, I gave her a bunch of daffodils. Seeing the sweet smile on her face, I knew she loved them. So when we got married, I promised her to plant daffodils every year.” 和 “He isn't here but he surely has taught you something, hasn't he?” 可知，爷爷教吉姆园艺、如何种水仙花以及爱的意义，奶奶教他在爷爷不在家时独立并做有意义的事情，故答案为 Because Grandpa taught him gardening, how to plant daffodils and the meaning of love. Grandma taught him to be independent and do something meaningful when Grandpa was not at home.） 第二套 （2022·上海中考真题） （Mike is telling a story. It happened when he was seven.） It was New Year’s Eve. In the morning, I heard Grandma tell Mum she needed a football for the New Year’s Eve dinner. “A football for the dinner? What’s it for?” I wondered. “Anyway, I will get one! I can do something nice for Grandma.” I remembered my friend Joe had an old football. I went out quietly and found him. I gave him my favourite model car in exchange for his football. I took the football home, shined it and put it on the living room table secretly. I waited in my room for Grandma to notice it. “Mike!” Mum shouted. I ran to the living room. “Why can’t you put your things where they belong? Get the football out of here!” “But it’s for Grandma! She said she needed a football for the New Year’s Eve dinner.” I said. “A football for the dinner?” Mum laughed. “No, Grandma needs a fruit bowl, not a football.” “Fruit bowl sounds like football! I have done a silly thing!” I went back to my room, embarrassed and disappointed. Before dinner, Mum came in and asked me to meet my uncles and aunts. When I walked into the living room, Grandma was showing them a pretty fruit bowl with the old football in its centre, I was surprised. “Look!” Grandma said. “Today Mike brought me a nice present, this football. Isn’t it beautiful?” She continued. “It’s beautiful, yes — because anything from a child is beautiful.” 74. How old was Mike when the story happened? ______________________________________________________________ 75 What did Mike give Joe to get the football? ______________________________________________________________ 76. Whom did Mike expect to notice the football? ______________________________________________________________ 77. Why did Mike think he had done a silly thing? ______________________________________________________________ 78. What did Grandma do with the football? ______________________________________________________________ 79. How might Mike feel after hearing Grandma’s words? Explain why. ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】74. He was seven.## He was 7. 75. His favourite model car. 76. His Grandma. 77. Because he misunderstood his Grandma’s words “fruit bowl” as “football”. 78. She put the football in the centre of a fruit bowl and praised it. 79. He might feel happy because Grandma loved his gift.（无标准答案，言之成理即可） 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了麦克与奶奶之间的一件感人故事。在弄清楚自己将“水果盘”听成“足球”造成了尴尬的局面之后，麦克羞愧难当。但是奶奶将足球放在了水果盘里并赞美了它。这个暖心之举化解了麦克的尴尬，体现了长辈对晚辈的宽容与爱。 【74题详解】 根据原文“It happened when he was seven”可知，当这个故事发生时麦克7岁。故填He was seven/7. 【75题详解】 根据原文“I gave him my favourite model car in exchange for his football”可知，麦克用自己最喜欢的模型飞机从乔手中换到了一个旧足球。故填His favourite model car. 【76题详解】 根据原文“I waited in my room for Grandma to notice it”可知，麦克希望奶奶能注意到这个旧足球。故填His Grandma. 【77题详解】 根据原文“Fruit bowl sounds like football! I have done a silly thing!”可知，麦克错把奶奶说的“水果盘”听成了“足球”，然后自己去拿了一个足球给奶奶，所以他觉得自己做了一件蠢事。故填Because he misunderstood his Grandma’s words “fruit bowl” as “football”. 【78题详解】 根据原文“Grandma was showing them a pretty fruit bowl with the old football in its centre … It’s beautiful, yes — because anything from a child is beautiful”可知，奶奶将旧足球放到了水果盘中间并赞美了它。故填She put the football in the centre of a fruit bowl and praised it. 【79题详解】 本题没有标准答案，学生言之成理即可。故参考答案为He might feel happy because Grandma loved his gift. 第三套 （2021·上海中考真题） Triathlon is a race in which each person swims, rides a bicycle and runs over very long distances. It has been held ten times in Hope Town. Sam, aged 20, finished nine races with his younger brother Luke. Every race was a victory for them. Luke can’t walk, talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth. But Sam wants his brother to know what it feels like to be part of a sport instead of having to sit and watch. A local TV journalist interviewed Sam after he received the Town Hero Award. (J=Journalist, S=Sam) J: How did you get the idea to include Luke in these events? S: When I was ten, my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons. One of the men had a condition like Luke has. I got the idea from that. J: What’s it like having Luke along? S: I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon, for I’m giving something to Luke. He can experience things any other man would. J: What do you get from him? S: It’s the smile on Luke’s face. That smile brightens me. The feeling of knowing that I’ve done something for him is unbelievable. J: When you received the Town Hero Award, you talked about the importance of changing the way you see things. What did you mean? S: People see Luke very differently: “Oh, he can’t do something like that. He’s disabled.” But if you just change how you see things, you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming, biking or even triathlons, like we do. J: What do you want to share with other young men? S: ________ 1．How many races did Sam and Luke finish? 2．Who has suffered from a brain illness, Sam or Luke? 3．What did Sam’s mom show him when he was ten? 4．How does Sam feel during the whole triathlon? 5．What does Sam get from Luke? 6．What might be Sam’s reply to the journalist’s last question? Write TWO sentences. 【答案】1．Nine. 2．Luke. 3．A video of two young men from another city doing triathlons. 4．He felt good and proud. 5．The smile on Luke’s face. 6．Sometimes we need to change how we see things. And we can see there are many possibilities where we can do. 【分析】本文讲述了Sam带着患有脑部疾病的弟弟Luke一起参加铁人三项比赛，他们一起赢得了九场比赛。Sam获得了城市英雄奖，记者对他进行采访。 1．根据“Sam, aged 20, finished nine races with his younger brother Luke.”可知，他们一起完成了九场比赛，故填Nine. 2．根据“Luke can’t walk, talk or feed himself because of a rare brain illness since birth.”可知，Luke患有脑部疾病，故填Luke. 3．根据“When I was ten, my mom showed me a video of two young men from another city doing triathlons.”可知，他妈妈给他看了一段视频，视频里两个来自另一个城市的年轻人在做铁人三项。故填A video of two young men from another city doing triathlons. 4．根据“I feel good and proud during the whole triathlon,”可知，他感觉很好，很自豪，故填He felt good and proud. 5．根据“J: What do you get from him? S: It’s the smile on Luke’s face.”可知，Sam从Luke那里得到了他脸上的笑容，故填The smile on Luke’s face. 6．根据“But if you just change how you see things, you can see there are many possibilities where Luke can do swimming, biking or even triathlons, like we do.”可知，Sam对记者最后一个问题的回答可能是：有时我们要改变我们对事物的看法；那样的话我们就会发现自己有很多可能可以做的事。故填Sometimes we need to change how we see things. And we can see there are many possibilities where we can do. 第四套 （2020·上海中考真题） "Just because you can't see something, that doesn't mean it's not there. "This old saying is quite meaningful for British sculptor（雕刻家） Willard. The items he creates are so small that most of them fit on the head of a pin. You can see them clearly only through a microscope（显微镜）. Many people want to own his art pieces. He's been honored by the Queen of England for his great art achievements. At every one of his exhibitions, the question is always the same. How does he do it? The answer is very, very carefully. So carefully, in fact, that he actually slows his breathing down and works in between breaths. Willard usually works under a microscope using special tools that he creates. To paint his works, he uses the hair from a fly as a paintbrush. Creating these detailed works is a very long and difficult process, and it isn't always enjoyable." It is a terrible dream when I start but a nice dream when I finish," he says. A single item can take at least several weeks to complete. People have asked Willard why he chose to do something that needed effort and took time. His interest in creating small things began when he was five. He started creating houses and playgrounds for ants. Willard was not a strong student. He had difficulty in reading and spelling words. Some kids used to call him a loser. This made him feel small, so focusing on lite things helped him to feel big. The smaller his work got, the bigger he felt. A newspaper reporter said, "Willard has shown the world that he is special. Though_______ , he________." 7．Are Willard's art pieces big or small in size? 8．When people visit Willard's exhibitions, what question do they always ask? 9．What does Willard use to make a paintbrush? 10．What does the underlined word it in paragraph 4 refer to? 11．Why did Willard choose to do something that needed effort and took time? 12．What can be filled in the blanks in the last paragraph? 【答案】7．（They are） small （in size） 8．How does he do it? 9．（The）hair from a fly 10．（It refers to） the process of creating the detailed works. 11．Because focusing on lttle things helped him to feel big. 12．his works are small； is great.观点题,言之有理即可. 【分析】文章介绍了英国雕塑家威拉德,因为他创作的物品非常小,大部分都放在一个别针的头上,只有通过显微镜才能看清楚。威拉德向全世界展示了他是特别的。 7．根据文中This old saying is quite meaningful for British sculptor（雕刻家） Willard. The items he creates are so small that most of them fit on the head of a pin. You can see them clearly only through a microscope.（这句老话对英国雕塑家威拉德来说是很有意义的,他创作的物品非常小,大部分都放在大头针的头上,只有通过显微镜才能看清楚）可知是小的。故答案填（They are） small （in size）. 8．根据文中At every one of his exhibitions, the question is always the same. How does he do it？（每次他的展览,问题总是一样的.他是怎么做到的）可知。故答案填How does he do it？ 9．根据文中To paint his works, he uses the hair from a fly as a paintbrush.他用苍蝇的头发作画笔来画画。可知答案填（The） hair from a fly. 10．根据文中Creating these detailed works is a very long and difficult process, and it isn't always enjoyable.（创作这些详细的作品是一个非常漫长和困难的过程,并不总是令人愉快的）可知答案填（It refers to） the process of creating the detailed works. 11．根据文中This made him feel small, so focusing on lite things helped him to feel big. The smaller his work got, the bigger he felt.可知。故答案填Because focusing on lttle things helped him to feel big. 12．his works are small； is great.观点题,言之有理即可。 第五套 （2019·上海中考真题） Ms.Lauren，a school head teacher，has asked the students to put down notes of what they have learned based on their own experiences.Here is some of what she's got. ☀When your mum is mad， hide what you don't want thrown away.☀Never， ever say“I hate you”. ☀Even if nothing is in the fridge，don't eat dog food. Believe me， you won't like it! ☀Don't judge people by their looks.Someone could be bad-looking and still be nice. Katie，age 13 Life is like a"choose your own ending"book-you can take whatever adventures（冒险）you want. Being nice can get you somewhere. Never ask your dad to help you with a maths problem.It will turn out to be a three-hour lesson. If you have a problem，share it with your mum. People who do unkind things to you are not your friends. Sally，age 15 13．Katie probably tried dog food when there was nothing in the fridge，didn't she? ______________________________________________________________ 14．Why doesn't Sally ask Dad for help with a maths problem? ______________________________________________________________ 15．Read Sally's and Jackie's notes.What kind of people won't she/he be friends with? ______________________________________________________________ 16．What is Jackie and Alex's attitude towards telling lies? ______________________________________________________________ 17．Whom do all four kids mention in their notes? ______________________________________________________________ 18．What will Ms.Lauren possibly do with the notes? Why? ______________________________________________________________ 【答案】13．Yes，she did.. 14．Because Sally's father will give her a three-hour lesson. 15．People who do something unkind. 16．（They think）it's wrong to tell lies. 17．Mum/Their mums. 18．She'll possibly ask the students to share the notes because she wants them to learn something from others' experiences/to avoid making the same mistakes... （Any reasonable answer is acceptable.） 【分析】这篇短文主要是介绍了劳伦是一位学校的校长，她要求学生根据自己的经验写下他们所学的东西的笔记。以下是她收到的一些同学们写的。 13．根据文中Even if nothing is in the fridge，don't eat dog food. Believe me， you won't like it!  Katie，age 13可知，凯蒂可能在冰箱里什么都没有的时候吃过狗粮。这里做肯定回答。一般过去时态，助动词借助did。根据题意，故填Yes，she did. 14．根据文中Never ask your dad to help you with a maths problem.It will turn out to be a three-hour lesson. 可知，因为Sally的父亲将给他一个三个小时的课程。故填Because Sally's father will give her a three-hour lesson. 15．根据文中People who do unkind things to you are not your friends.及When your friend does something stupid, you don't have to follow可知，做一些不友好事情的人们。故填People who do something unkind. 16．根据Alex  Don't tell the teacher that your dog ate your homework, especially if you don't have a dog.及Jackie When you tell a lie, you have to keep telling lies.可知，他们认为说谎是不对的。故填（They think）it's wrong to tell lies. 17．通读这四个学生写的，他们在笔记中都提到了他们的母亲。故填Mum/Their mums。 18．通读整篇短文可知，Ms.Lauren可能会怎么处理这些笔记。她可能会要求学生分享笔记，因为她希望他们从别人的经验中学习一些东西/避免犯同样的错误。故填She'll possibly ask the students to share the notes because she wants them to learn something from others' experiences/to avoid making the same mistakes... 【点睛】1.明确阅读任务 同学们在做题的时候，首先要先阅读所给的任务，明确任务是什么，再带着任务去阅读，这样就能做到心中有数，有针对性地去读，才能提高阅读效率。 2.读全文，了解大意 明确任务后，要迅速阅读全文来了解文章主要内容，以及文章的感情基调、作者的意图等。因为大家知道在材料后的问题设置中，经常有对文章大意的考查。对于概括大意的题目，需要全篇考虑，这类题目有时可以从文中直接找到答案，但有时需要用自己的话来概括。这类题难度较大，对文章还得再读一读，才能总结出来。 除此之外，还经常考查给文章拟标题。这类题目可以通过寻找主题句和高频词来完成。主题句往往是首句或尾句，但如果没有主题句，就可以从短文中去提炼、概括。确定标题同学们必须遵循两个原则，第一个是标题要有概括性，就是说标题应在最大程度上覆盖全文，体现文章的中心大意；第二个是标题要醒目，即标题要吸引读者的注意力。 最后一道是需要自己发挥，如6小题，Ms.Lauren可能会怎么处理这些笔记，她可能会让学生们彼此分享。 2 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$