Unit 12 Period 2 Lesson 1 Reading Comprehension （课件）-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

Period 2 Lesson 1 Scientific Breakthroughs—Reading Comprehension Unit 12 INNOVATION 读前清障 精读课文 读前 清障 3 1.well-being　　 A. the state of being exact or correct 2.innovation B. to start an activity，especially an organized one 3.productive C. being not proud or being modest 4.instant D.happening immediately 5.launch E. to suggest a plan or an idea 6.humble F.the introduction of new things，ideas or ways of doing sth 7.propose G.general health and happiness 8.accuracy H.making goods or growing crops，especially in large quantities Ⅰ.匹配单词 1.It took them about one month to just __________ how to start the equipment. 2.Obviously，when the boss arrived，the joyful atmosphere ________ ________________ a serious one. 3.She has never done any exercise，_______________ taking part in any competitions. Ⅱ.选词填空 be dedicated to，replace...with/by，not to mention，figure out，range from...to... figure out was replaced by/with not to mention 4.She has had a number of different jobs，______________ chef ____ swimming instructor. 5.These pioneers of the 20th century _____ all _____________ improving the quality of human life on earth. be dedicated to，replace...with/by，not to mention，figure out，range from...to... ranging from to were dedicated to 返 回 精读 课文 7 By the end of the period, you will be able to: 1. read and learn about the innovations and discoveries in the 20th century; 2.read for general understanding; 3. read for specific information and understand words in context. CONTENTS Pre-reading I While-reading II Post-reading III Sentences analysis IV 9 Can you name a few inventors of the 20th century and their inventions or discoveries? Yuan Longping— Hybrid Rice(1972) J.L.Baird — Television(1926) Balzer Von Platen & Carls Munters — Refrigerator(1923) Pre-reading Martin Cooper — Mobile phone(1973) Wright Brothers — Airplane(1903) Robert Watson Wat — Rader(1935) E=mc2 penicillin computer network Albert Einsteion Alexander Fleming Eckert and Mauchly Tim Berners-Lee What Who Let’s read the article to learn more about these scientists and their inventions or discoveries. Look at the pictures in the article and do you know who they are and what their inventions or discoveries are? 12 While-reading Activity 1　Fast-reading for main ideas 1. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. Scientific discoveries in our daily lives. B. Commitment made by great inventors. C. Changes happen in our everyday lives. D. Pioneers of the 20th century in science. √ _________________of scientific breakthroughs in the 20th century ____________________________________________________________________ The ___________of these breakthroughs Part 1 (________) Part 2 (________) Part 3 (________) A brief introduction Some great pioneers of science and their inventions or discoveries significance Para.1 Paras.2-6 Para.7 2. Read the passage quickly, divide it into three parts and figure out the main idea of each part. 1. What is NOT mentioned as the discovery of human in the 20th century? A. Space exploration. B. Means of transport. C. Entertainment. D. Physics and medicine. √ Part 1 (Para.1) Activity 2　Careful-reading for details 2．What can we infer from the first sentence in paragraph 1? A. There are a number of important discoveries of the 20th century. B. It is easy to choose the most important discovery of the 20th century. C. There are few great discoveries in the 20th century. D. Someone who will choose the discovery will be in trouble. √ Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century. Here are some of them. 1.What function does Para. 2 play in the text? Transition It serves as a connection link between the preceding and the following. Part 2 (Paras.2-6) E=mc2 Who? Significance? How? Albert Einstein Inspired while rocking his baby Showing how a small piece of mass could produce an unbelievble amount of energy Theory of relativity Other achievement? 2. Answer the questions according to Para.3. 3. Tell True(T) or False(F) according to Para.4. (1)Fleming had been studying bacteria in his laboratory when the discovery happened. (　　) (2)Penicillin was discovered by accident. (　　) (3)The discovery of penicillin had a great influence in medical world. (　　) 4.What can you infer about Fleming from what he said? We can infer that Fleming was a modest man though he had made a great discovery. F T T 5．What did Einstein and Fleming share in common? A. They were both physicists. B. Both of their findings were found by accident. C. They were both modest about their discoveries. D. Both of their findings were applied to our daily life. √ 6.What is the meaning of the underlined part? This huge machine was the world’s first computer, but it was nothing like our computers today. It means that the world’s first computer is completely different from the one we use today. 7.How is Para.6 organized? It is organized by the order of time. During the Cold War: a “huge network” (1)_____________; only government leaders can (2)__________________________. By the end of the 1960s：(3)_____________were set up; only a few computers could be connected. In 1990：(4)_________________was invented; (5)_____________ can communicate with each other. Nowadays: the Internet (6)_____________________ in people’s life. was proposed communicate with each other the World Wide Web all computers mini-networks plays an important role 8.Organize information from Para. 6 and complete the diagram. 9.Match the discoveries or inventions with how they came about. (1) E=mc2 (2) penicillin (3) the first computer (4) the Internet A. scientists worked together as a team B. there was a lucky accident C. different scientists worked on it for many years D. a scientist was inspired 10. How is this part of the passage developed? A. By analyzing the causes and effects. B. By making comparisons. C. By listing some examples. D. By the order of importance. √ 1.What is the author’s attitude to the pioneers and their achievements? A．Objective. B．Admirable. C．Indifferent. D．Skeptical. 2.Which of the following can replace the word “dedicated” in the last paragraph? A．Devoted. B．Determined. C．Likely. D．Experienced. √ √ Part 3 (Para.7) 1. How did the author connect the paragraphs? Circle the signal words or phrases. Line 12: Although … Here are some of them. Line 15: One of the 20th century’s premier scientists was … Line 24: ...another important finding was... Line 34: ...when Fleming’s discovery was... Line 49: With the development of computers … Line 57: These pioneers … The whole passage 2. What’s the purpose of the passage? A. To introduce Albert Einstein. B. To introduce the process of scientific breakthroughs. C. To introduce the major scientific discoveries in the 20th century. D. To introduce the contributions scientists made to the world. √ 3. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A．Education. B．History. C．Science. D．Entertainment. √ TXZH 中国英语教师网 1.Work in a group of four and each member picks one of the discoveries or inventions, talking about it with other members.(Creative thinking) inventor purpose Inventions process Post-reading Activity 1　Discussion E 28 Suggested answer: I want to talk about the discovery of penicillin, which could be used to kill bacteria and help to save the lives of millions. In 1929, a famous biologist named Alexander Fleming discovered it by chance. One day, after he returned from his holiday, he noticed something strange happened to a dish of bacteria in his lab. He found a blue mould in the dish and around it the bacteria had been destroyed. He then double-checked it, and did many experiments and finally proved that the mould could kill bacteria. This blue mould was in fact the natural form of penicillin. A few years later, penicillin was being mass-produced and saved many people’s lives. 2. Which discovery or invention do you think has been the most important so far? Why？(Critical thinking) ❊I think the most important invention is the Internet. Before it, people had only TV, newspapers and books to get information, but now people can be kept informed from various convenient ways. Besides, we can chat with friends online or send and receive e-mails because of the Internet... ❊In my opinion, the most influential invention is the airplane, because... E 30 Every once in a while, a new technology, an old problem, and a big idea turn into an innovation. — William James Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower. —Steve Jobs Intelligence is the ability to adapt to change. — Stephen Hawking I am one of those who think like Nobel that humanity will draw more good than evil from new discoveries. — Marie Curie Reflection 31 If you had to choose the single most important 1.__________ (discover) of the 20th century, you would have a real problem on your hands. In just 100 years, the world 2._____________(change) completely. Amazing discoveries were made in different areas. Here are some great pioneers in science of the 20th century. One of the 20th century’s premier scientists was Albert Einstein. He found “E＝ mc2”．He also 3._________(propose) “theory of relativity”. In 1928，another important finding—penicillin was discovered by biologist Alexander Fleming. However, he was humble about the 4.__________ (amaze) outcome of his discovery. discovery has changed proposed amazing Activity 2　Summary 32 What’s more, Eckert, an engineer, and Mauchly, a physicist, in a joint effort, invented the world’s first computer. 5._______the development of computers, people expected to get more things done 6.__________(efficient). During the Cold War, a “huge network” of computers was proposed by two American scientists. But in 1990, Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web, 7._______ enabled computers all over the world to communicate with each other. With these 8.__________(pioneer) of the 20th century dedicated to 9.___________(improve) the quality of human life on Earth, human life has been transformed into 10.______ “global village”． With efficiently which pioneers improving a 1．We started flying around the world, launching satellites into orbit and, at the same time, scientists figured out how to split the atom, previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe. [句式分析]　此句是______句。由连词_____连接，主语分别是_____和________，第二个分句中的谓语动词是____________，how to split the atom是___语；previously thought to be the smallest particle of matter in the universe是过去分词短语作___________，修饰_________。 [自主翻译]　 并列 and We scientists figured out 宾 后置定语 the atom 我们开始坐飞机周游世界，把人造卫星发射至轨道。同时，科学家们发现了如何分裂原子。在此之前，原子被认为是宇宙中最小的物质微粒。 Sentences Analysis: 2. Although it is impossible to choose the most important discovery, it is possible to single out a few pioneers of the 20th century. [句式分析]　此句是______句。Although引导_________从句； 主句是“It is＋adj.＋to do”结构，该结构中it是__________；真正的主语是_______________，意为“___________”。 [自主翻译]　 复合 让步状语 形式主语 尽管不太可能选出哪项发现是最重要的，但是挑选出20世纪的几位先驱还是可能的。 to single out... 挑选出 3. Human life on this planet has been transformed into a “global village”, with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests. [句式分析]　此句是_____句。主语是____________，谓语动词是__________________；with all the different countries linked in the chain of common interests是with复合结构，此处的构成是“________________”，在句中作________。 [自主翻译] 简单 with＋名词＋done 状语 不同国家因共同利益而连接起来，使得这个星球上人类的生活已经转变为“地球村”。 Human life has been transformed 4．Without the breakthroughs of these pioneers in science and technology, whether lucky or planned, the world as we know it today would be a completely different place. [句式分析]　此句是______句。without引导了_______________，表示对现在或将来的虚拟，意为“__________________”；whether lucky or planned是状语从句的__________结构，省略了__________________；as we know it today是______从句，先行词是__________。 [自主翻译] 复合 含蓄虚拟条件句 省略 定语 the world 如果没有这些先驱取得的科技突破，无论这些突破是偶然发现的还是计划之中的，我们今天所熟知的世界将是一个完全不同的地方。 如果没有，要是没有 the breakthroughs are Review what we have learned and preview language points. Homework 返 回 千与千寻 (钢琴版) 昼夜 钢琴翻奏 | 指尖孕育天籁之音, track 50, disc 0 Blues 132184.67 $$