Unit 10 Period 5 Lesson 3 Reading Comprehension-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

Period 5　Lesson 3 Anne of Green Gables—Reading Comprehension Ⅰ.匹配单词 1．Additionally A.showing firm determination or purpose 2．frequently B．by way of addition; furthermore 3．bond C．to make sth known to sb 4．freeze D．to continue to do sth that has already been started 5．proceed E．to stop moving suddenly because of fear，etc. 6．reveal F．something that forms a connection between people or groups 7．investigate G．to carefully examine the facts of a situation，an event... 8．resolutely H．many times at short intervals 答案　1.B　2.H　3.F　4.E　5.D　6.C　7.G　8.A Ⅱ.选词填空 1．People burst into applause the moment the expert stepped on the stage. 2．When will you pick your friends up in the airport tomorrow morning? 3．“Just mind your own business and leave me alone，” said the guy impatiently. 4．The girl froze in amazement，seeing her favorite doll lying on the floor，broken. 5．Tomorrow I’ll have an important meeting to attend，but I haven’t decided on what to wear. Step 1　速读——整体理解文意 Ⅰ.明文章大意 What’s the main idea of the text? A．A brother and sister who adopt a girl. B．An adopted girl is welcomed on the farm by the owners. C．A girl is mistakenly adopted by two farm owners and arrives at the farm for the first time. D．How the adopted girl spends her first day on the farm. 答案　D Ⅱ.悉层次结构 Read the text quickly and fill in the blanks. (1)Part 1(Lines )　　Upon (2)Part 2(Lines )　　 time (3)Part 3(Lines )　　 time 答案　(1)1－26　arrival　(2)27－36　Dinner　(3)37－61　Bed Step 2　细读——逐段获取细节 Ⅰ.Read Part 1 and do the following exercises. 1．Why was Marilla disappointed at the sight of Anne? A．Because Anne was a girl. B．Because Anne was very ugly. C．Because Anne was very poor. D．Because Anne was late. 答案　A 2．How did Anne feel after hearing Marilla’s words? A．Excited. B．Depressed. C．Delighted. D．Indifferent. 答案　B 3．Why did Anne burst out crying? A．Because she didn’t have any relatives. B．Because she thought nobody there wanted her. C．Because she missed her parents very much. D．Because she was left alone at the train station. 答案　B 4．What rhetorical device(修辞手法) does the author use in lines 13－16? A．Metaphor(隐喻)． B．Personification(拟人)． C．Parallelism(排比)． D．Exaggeration(夸张)． 答案　C Ⅱ.Read Part 2 and do the following exercise. Why did Anne want to eat nothing when it was time for dinner? A．Because she didn’t like the food. B．Because she didn’t like the new place. C．Because she wanted to go back home. D．Because she was in the depths of despair. 答案　D Ⅲ.Read Part 3 and do the following exercises. 1．For what purpose did the author describe the room Anne slept in? A．To show the poor living condition. B．To tell that Marilla and Matthew had no money and couldn’t raise a girl. C．To create an atmosphere where Anne felt upset and hopeless. D．To imply that Marilla and Matthew treated Anne badly. 答案　C 2．What can we learn from the sentence “The whole room felt cold and unwelcoming”？ A．The room didn’t want her to live here. B．It was cold in the room. C．Anne was scared to be here alone. D．Anne was sad and lonely. 答案　D 3．What can be inferred from the expression “frowning most resolutely” in the last paragraph? A．Anne would be sent back to the orphanage. B．Matthew was angry with Anne. C．Marilla might decide to adopt Anne. D．Marilla was disappointed at Anne. 答案　C Ⅳ.Read the whole passage again and do the following exercises. 1．How does the article mainly develop? A．By giving examples. B．By making comparisons. C．By following the order of time. D．By analyzing causes and effects. 答案　C 2．Which word can best describe the sister，Marilla? A．Strict but caring. B．Organized but unkind. C．Considerate and children-loving. D．Kind and cheerful. 答案　A 3．Which of the following words can best describe Anne? A．Pessimistic and courageous. B．Outspoken and fragile. C．Shy and fragile. D．Determined and optimistic. 答案　B 4．Where is the passage probably chosen from? A．Netnews. B．A novel. C．A biography. D．A diary. 答案　B Step 3　读后——讨论深度理解 1．Do you think Marilla and Matthew are used to being around children? Find examples from the story.(Critical thinking) 2．What might happen to Anne and the sister and brother in the following? (Creative thinking) Step 4　总结——课文语法填空 A brother and sister，Matthew and Marilla live on a farm 1.called(call) “Green Gables”．They apply to adopt a boy from 2.an orphanage as they need help on their farm.So when Matthew arrived with the little girl，Marilla 3.froze(freeze) in amazement because Mrs Spencer promised she was going to send a boy.When Anne grasped the meaning of their conversation，she burst 4.into tears.Marilla had no idea 5.how to comfort her.When she tried，the girl revealed a tear-stained face and told her she was in the 6.depths(deep) of despair.Marilla asked Anne to stay for the night and she 7.would investigate(investigate) the affair.Anne was put in a small bedroom 8.whose walls and floor were bare.She undressed and dived into the bedclothes，with a heavy heart.When Marilla returned and said “good night” 9.awkwardly(awkward)，Anne was still upset and crying.To bed went Matthew.And to bed went Marilla,10.frowning(frown) most resolutely. Step 5　解读——长句难句分析 1．Sitting down on a chair by the table，throwing her arms on it，and burying her face in them，she proceeded to cry stormily. [句式分析]　此句是简单句。sitting down on...，throwing her arms...和burying her face...是三个并列的现在分词短语作伴随状语，表明跟句子的主语she之间是主动关系，句中的proceed to do意思是“继续做……”。 [自主翻译]　她一下坐到桌边的椅子上，扑在桌上，脸埋在臂弯里，继续放声大哭。 2．She lit a candle and told Anne to follow her，which Anne did，taking her hat and bag from the hall table as she passed. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。主句中的谓语动词是lit和told，which Anne did是非限制性定语从句，which指代主句中的to follow her；从句中的as引导时间状语从句。 [自主翻译]　她点了根蜡烛，叫安妮跟着她。安妮跟了上来，路过大厅时从桌上拿起自己的帽子和包。 3．With a sob she quickly undressed，put on her nightclothes and jumped into bed where she pressed her face down into the pillow and pulled the clothes over her head. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。主句的主语是she，谓语动词是undressed，put on和jumped；where引导定语从句，修饰先行词bed，从句中的谓语动词是pressed和pulled。 [自主翻译]　她抽泣着，迅速脱下衣服，穿上睡衣，跳到床上，把脸埋在枕头里，拉过衣服蒙上头。 4．When Marilla came up for the light，she saw the untidy way the clothing had been thrown on the floor. [句式分析]　此句是复合句。when引导时间状语从句；主句的主语是she，the clothing had been thrown on the floor是定语从句，先行词是the untidy way。 [自主翻译]　玛丽拉回来取蜡烛时，看到安妮的衣服乱七八糟地扔在地上。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A (2023·江苏淮安高二统考期末) It was 2 o’clock in the morning when Gatsby called at Nick’s. “Let’s go to Coney Island，old sport，in my car.” “It’s too late，” Nick replied. “Well，what about a swim in my pool? I haven’t used it this summer yet.” “I must go to bed.” “All right.” He appeared to be waiting for something，looking at Nick. “I’m going to phone Daisy tomorrow and invite her to tea.How about the day after tomorrow？” Gatsby paused before answering.“I must cut the grass first.” He then said，“Well，I run a little business that might interest you...You might earn some money.” But Nick refused his offer. It was raining on the day they had fixed to have tea at Nick’s.At three o’clock，the front door opened and Gatsby hurried in. They went into the living room where Gatsby sat down.From time to time，he looked through the windows at the rain.Finally，he got up and said he was going home. “Nobody’s coming to tea.It’s too late! I can’t wait all day.” “Don’t be silly.It’s only two minutes to four.” He sat down miserably and，at the same time，Daisy’s car drove up to Nick’s house. They went in.What a big surprise! The living room was empty.Then there was a knock at the door.Gatsby was standing there in the rain.He disappeared quickly into the living room. Gatsby was standing and staring at Daisy.She was sitting，frightened but composed，on the edge of a chair. “We’ve met before，” Gatsby said. “Not for many years，” Daisy added quickly. “Five years next November，” said Gatsby automatically. Gatsby was quiet but his eyes moved continuously from Nick to Daisy.Nick left them together after a while. When he went back in，Daisy and Gatsby were sitting on the couch，looking each other in the eyes.All their embarrassment had gone.Daisy’s face was covered with tears.But there was a change in Gatsby that really surprised Nick.He radiated a feeling of joy that filled the room.He hadn’t stopped looking at her once，as if nobody else was there. 语篇解读　本文是一篇小说节选。文章节选自《了不起的盖茨比》，主要讲述了盖茨比在尼克的帮助下与黛西见面的情景。 1．Why did Gatsby call on Nick at 2 am? A．To fix the date with Daisy. B．To offer Nick a well-paid job. C．To drive to Coney Island with Nick. D．To invite Nick to swim in his pool. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第7、8段以及后面的情节可推断，盖茨比凌晨2点去拜访尼克是想确定和黛西见面的时间。故选A。 2．What surprised Nick when he and Daisy went in? A．Gatsby had Nick’s house emptied. B．Gatsby was standing in the rain. C．Gatsby left Nick’s house somehow. D．Gatsby should make a “casual meet”． 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第16段可知，尼克和黛西进去时，盖茨比离开了尼克的家。他故意从门外进来，假装比黛西后到达，想让黛西觉得这是一次偶遇。故选C。 3．Which shows the dramatic change of Gatsby’s feelings in the story? A．Frightened→composed→happy. B．Anxious→embarrassed→joyful. C．Tired→surprised→disappointed. D．Impatient→amazed→dedicated. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据第12、13段“From time to time...can’t wait all day.”可知，盖茨比最初是焦虑的。根据最后一段“All their embarrassment had gone.”可知，见面后盖茨比感到尴尬。根据倒数第二句“He radiated a feeling of joy that filled the room.”可知，盖茨比最终是快乐的。在再次见到黛西的整个过程中，盖茨比的情感变化为从焦虑到尴尬再到快乐。故选B。 4．What’s the clue that runs through the story? A．Gatsby’s visit. B．Gatsby’s offer. C．Nick’s grassland. D．Nick’s tea. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。通读整个故事可知，是尼克通过邀请黛西喝茶让盖茨比和黛西见面。所以贯穿故事的线索是尼克的茶。故选D。 B (2023·江苏徐州高二统考期末) People consistently underestimate how much others in their social circle might appreciate an unexpected phone call，text or email just to say hello，and the more surprising the connection，the greater the appreciation，according to a new study. In the study，researchers from the University of Pittsburgh conducted some experiments involving more than 5,900 participants.In one experiment，half of the participants were asked to recall the last time they reached out to someone in their social circle after a prolonged(长期的) period of not interacting with them.The rest were asked to recall a similar situation where someone reached out to them.Participants were then asked to indicate on a 7-point scale how much either they or the person they reached out to appreciated.People who recalled reaching out thought the gesture was significantly less appreciated than those who recalled receiving a communication. In other experiments，participants sent a short note，or a small gift，to someone in their social circle with whom they had not interacted in a while.Similar to the previous experiment，participants who initiated(发起) contact were asked to rate on a 7-point scale the extent to which they thought the recipient would appreciate or feel grateful for the contact.After the notes or gifts were sent，researchers also asked the recipients to rate their appreciation. Across all experiments，those who initiated the communication significantly underestimated the extent to which recipients would appreciate the act of reaching out.Besides，the researchers found that people receiving the communication placed greater focus than those initiating the communication on the surprise element，and this heightened focus on surprise was associated with higher appreciation.“We also found that people underestimated others’ appreciation to a greater extent when the communication was more surprising，as opposed to part of a regular communication pattern，or the social ties between the two participants were weak，” added lead author Peggy Liu. Initiating social contact after a prolonged period of disconnection can be daunting because people worry about how such a gesture might be received.But these findings suggest that their hesitations may be unnecessary，as others are likely to appreciate being reached out to more than people think. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项新研究发现，人们总是低估社交圈里的其他人对意外的联系的感激程度。 5．How did the researchers conduct the experiments? A．By listing arguments. B．By giving examples. C．By making assumptions. D．By making comparisons. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第二段的第二至五句可知，一半的参与者被要求回忆他们在长时间没有互动后最后一次联系社交圈里的人。其余的人被要求回忆有人主动联系他们的情况，且参与者要用7分制来表示他们或他们联系的人的感激程度，两组结果形成了对比，故研究人员通过比较来进行实验。故选D。 6．According to paragraph 3，what were the participants asked to do? A．To rank their appreciation. B．To make an unexpected call. C．To express their thoughts. D．To do the same experiments. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Similar to the...to rate their appreciation.”可知，主动联系的参与者被要求以7分制来评价他们认为接收者对这种联系的感激程度。在纸条或礼物发出后，研究人员还要求接收者评价自己的感激之情，由此可知参与者被要求对他们的感激进行评价。故选A。 7．Based on the research，who would show higher appreciation? A．One receiving a gift of great value. B．One often contacted by a close friend. C．One connected quite unexpectedly. D．One making regular contacts with others. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Besides，the researchers found...was associated with higher appreciation.”可推知，研究表明，一个被出乎意料地联系的人会表现出更高程度的感激。故选C。 8．What does the underlined word “daunting” in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Unbearable. B．Discouraging. C．Illogical. D．Immoral. 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“because people worry about how such a gesture might be received”以及下一句中的their hesitations可知，在长时间不联系后，再次联系他人可能会令人生畏。由此推知，画线词daunting与discouraging(令人气馁的)意思接近。故选B。 C “Shyness can stop you from doing all the things in life that you’d like to，” the Smiths once sang.However，research suggests that may not be the case when working as a team. Researchers have found that when animals temper their personalities because of social rules，the efficiency of a group to undertake risky missions—such as foraging(觅食) for food—is boosted.“We see this phenomenon happening when we mix together a school of fish with wildly different personalities: the very fearless individuals and the very shy individuals tend to control what they would normally be doing when they stick with the rest of the group，” said Dr.Sean Rands，the lead author of the research at the University of Bristol. Writing in the journal PLoS Computational Biology，the researchers reported how they built a computer model to investigate the impact of social conventions and animals’ personalities on the movement of individuals within a group.The model was based on an assumption in which a group of animals in a safe “home” set out to travel to a food-foraging site some distance away. The results revealed that when no social conventions were in place，their movements were governed by their personalities alone—in other words how fearless or shy they were determined how quickly they left home and arrived at the foraging site.However，when social conventions were introduced，so that the individuals had to keep an eye on each other and adjust their movements accordingly，the impact of personality reduced with less variation in how quickly they reached the destination.The team found where social conventions were present，the group foraged more efficiently than when individuals behaved independently.“We find that if individuals pay attention to the other members of the group，the group will tend to remain at the safe site for longer，but then travel faster towards the foraging site，” the team wrote. Rands added that for many social animals，being part of a group can bring huge benefits，and these can outweigh the influence of personality. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究发现，无论是害羞的性格，还是大胆无畏的性格，个体会调整自我行为以适应群体，这反而提高了做事的效率。 9．Why are the Smiths’ words mentioned in paragraph 1? A．To give an example. B．To make a comparison. C．To lead in the topic. D．To introduce the background. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。文章首句提出“害羞会阻碍你做所有想做的事”之后，用转折句否定了这一说法，提出在团队合作时，这种情况并不会发生，并在后文段落进行了详细解释。由此可推知，提到the Smiths的歌词是为了引出文章的话题。故选C项。 10．What will individuals do while staying with a group? A．Adjust their behavior. B．Take on risky missions. C．Ignore social rules. D．Travel to a distant foraging site. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“the very fearless individuals and the very shy individuals tend to control what they would normally be doing when they stick with the rest of the group”可知，当个体在群体中时，个体会控制自己通常会做的事情，即个体会调整自己的行为状态以适应群体。故选A项。 11．What can we infer from the results? A．Personalities alone determine movements. B．Individuals prefer to behave independently. C．Group work increases exposure to potential risks. D．Social conventions contribute to working efficiency. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“The team found where social conventions were present，the group foraged more efficiently than when individuals behaved independently.”可知，研究发现，社会习俗存在的情况下，群体觅食的效率较高。由此可推知，社会习俗的存在有助于提高工作效率。故选D项。 12．What is the best title for the text? A．Be Part of a Group B．Stay True to Yourself C．Get Rid of Your Shyness D．Control Your Personalities 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。根据文章末尾段的总结可知，文章主要通过一系列的研究过程和研究结论总结出成为群体一员的好处，社会习俗的存在可以使个体调整自我行为，从而提高工作效率。选项A“成为群体的一员”贴合文章主旨。故选A项。 Ⅱ.七选五 People take up volunteering for lots of different reasons.Some have a sense that they want to give something back. 1 Whatever the reason，charities in the UK really rely on volunteers because without them，they simply wouldn’t be able to carry out their work.But before you take up volunteering，you should do the following. 2 What sort of organization do you want to help? You might have a particular charity in mind.Perhaps you have been affected by some of the issues that a charity aims to support，like children who need help.Many local schools rely on parents or other members of the community who come in regularly to read with the children or help with their maths. Decide on the kind of work.Once you have decided where you want to volunteer，you then have to decide what sort of volunteer work you want to do. 3 Do you prefer hands-on work? Are you good with people? Do you have a background in administration or secretarial work? Charities need volunteers to work in shops，organize or manage fundraising events. Apply for suitable positions. 4 So the charity can match you to the most appropriate role.You might think that you have no such skills.Don’t let your lack of confidence stop you.Instead，ask your friends and loved ones what they think you have to offer! Consider how much time you want to commit.Finally，think carefully about how much time you want to offer.Don’t overcommit and then regret having no spare time.Most charities would prefer you to offer less time regularly than more time every now and again.They appreciate a little help every week，or month. 5 A．Think about your existing skills. B．Choose a charity or organization. C．You will be welcomed with open arms. D．Others want to meet new people or learn new skills. E．Just ask if there is anything they think you can do to help. F．Be prepared with information about the sort of skills you have. G．In this case，they can plan and make the best use of your valuable time. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述如何成为一名志愿者。 1．答案　D 解析　根据上文“Some have a sense that they want to give something back.”可知，此处是描述人们做志愿者的理由，D项“其他人想认识新朋友或学习新技能”符合语境，D项中的“Others”与上文的“Some”呼应。故选D。 2．答案　B 解析　空处是段落主题句，根据下文“What sort of organization do you want to help? You might have a particular charity in mind.Perhaps you have been affected by some of the issues that a charity aims to support...”可知，本段主要讲述要选择一个组织或慈善机构，B项“选择一个慈善机构或组织”符合语境。故选B。 3．答案　A 解析　下文“Do you prefer hands-on work? Are you good with people? Do you have a background in administration or secretarial work？”是提问自己擅长的领域，A项“考虑你现有的技能”符合语境。故选A。 4．答案　F 解析　根据下文“So the charity can match you to the most appropriate role.”及本段最后一句“Instead，ask your friends and loved ones what they think you have to offer！”可知，要告知自己会什么技能，这样慈善机构才能为你匹配最合适的职位，故F项“准备好有关你所拥有的技能的信息”符合语境。故选F。 5．答案　G 解析　根据上文“They appreciate a little help every week，or month.”可知，此处是描述时间安排，G项“在这种情况下，他们可以计划并充分利用你宝贵的时间”符合语境。故选G。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$