Unit 10 Period 3 Topic Talk & Lesson 1—Language Points-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

Period 3　Topic Talk & Lesson 1—Language Points Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The office network allows users to share files and to use a central printer. 2．It might be inconvenient in many aspects if you are living in a suburb(郊区) area. 3．We have helped them build 36 stadiums(体育馆)，many of which have enriched their life. 4．Our monitor hurried into the classroom，with a parcel(包裹) of books under his arm. 5．Scientists have different theories(理论) as to why there are so many frictions between the two. 6．Despite our disagreement，we have been able to find some common ground in the online forum. 7．In addition to the school，the village has a clinic(诊所)，which was also built with government support. 8．There are two galleries in the city with a range of modern arts which can satisfy all kinds of visitors. 9．The clinical experiment was conducted based on a random(随机的) selection of women who were in the shop. 10．There are five canteens(餐厅) on our campus，all of which provide various food and satisfy the taste of different students. Ⅱ.词形变化填空 1．Never be envious of others，because each of us is unique; and maybe you are also the envy of somebody else.(envy) 2．It is widely accepted that random act of kindness can give people great support and encouragement，so never hesitate to encourage those who are in trouble，even if some encouraging comments. (encourage) 3．Our teacher impressed the importance of honesty on us.In one of his impressive speeches，he told us “One’s first impression on others is hard to change，so you must be honest whatever you do.”(impress) 4．I am writing to apologise to you for my not being able to attend your birthday party tomorrow. Please accept my heartfelt regret and sincere apology.(apologise) 5．I am sorry to disturb you with such a piece of disturbing news.But the disturbance has caused three people’s death.(disturb) Ⅲ.完成句子 1．与家人、朋友和社区社会联系越紧密的人往往更快乐。(who引导的定语从句) People who are more socially connected to family，friends and community are happier. 2．一旦你认识了其他所有人，我相信你会在这儿有一段美好的时光。(once引导的时间状语从句) I believe you will have a wonderful time here once you get to know everyone else. 3．正是当我回到公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。(强调句型) It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors. 4．由于埋头于功课，他对外面的事情一无所知。(as引导的原因状语从句) As he was buried in his lessons，he knew nothing about the outside world. 提示：题干中加底纹的词汇为本单元的词汇复现，帮助学生及时巩固，循环复习。 conflict n．抵触，冲突，矛盾 vi.冲突，抵触 ·in conflict with...与……有冲突 come into conflict with...与……产生冲突 ·conflict with...与……相冲突 (1)He often comes into conflict with his classmates，which annoys his parents. (2)如果你的个人利益与团队利益相冲突，你会怎么做？ ①What would you do if your personal interests conflict with that of your team? ②What would you do if your personal interests are in conflict with that of your team? envy vt.羡慕，妒忌n.[U]羡慕，妒忌(envious adj.羡慕的，妒忌的) ·envy sb sth羡慕某人某事 ·out of envy出于羡慕；出于妒忌 with envy羡慕地；妒忌地 be the envy of sb/sth是……羡慕的对象 ·be envious of...羡慕/妒忌…… (1)All his friends and relatives in the room looked at his new car with envy. (2)The talented girl has been the envy of young people since the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics. (3)As far as I am concerned，his unkind attitude to you was totally out of envy. 我认为，他对你的这种不友好的态度完全是出于嫉妒。 (4)Everyone was envious of his achievements，but didn’t realize how hard he had been working. 所有人都羡慕他取得的成就，但没有意识到他工作有多么努力。 encouragement n．鼓励，鼓舞；起激励作用的事物(encourage vt.鼓励，鼓舞encouraging adj.鼓舞人心的，鼓励的) ·an encouragement to sb对某人的鼓励 ·encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人去做某事 encourage sb in sth在某方面鼓励某人 (1)My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career. (2)This month’s unemployment figures are not very encouraging(encourage)． (3)When I come across the problems of learning in my study，my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome(overcome) the difficulties bravely. (4)我非常感激史密斯先生，没有他的鼓舞与帮助我就不可能走那么远。(应用文写作之感谢信) I’m extremely grateful to Mr.Smith，without whose help and encouragement I wouldn’t have gone so far. apologise vi.道歉，谢罪 (apology n．道歉，歉意) ·apologise to sb for (doing) sth因为(做了)某事向某人道歉 ·make an apology to sb for (doing) sth因为(做了)某事向某人道歉 owe sb an apology应该向某人道歉 accept one’s apology接受某人的道歉 (1)I sincerely apologise to you for my impolite attitude which is totally out of envy. (2)I owe you an apology for the fact that I can’t go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon. (3)我写信向你道歉，因为我不能去参加这次活动。 ①I am writing to apologise to you for not being able to participate in the activity.(apologise v．) ②I am writing to make an apology to you for not being able to participate in the activity.(apology n．) hang out闲待，厮混 hang out with与……经常在一起；与……闲逛 hang on (to)抓紧不放；坚持下去；不要挂断(＝hold on) hang up挂断(电话) hang about/around 闲逛，转悠 hang together团结一致 注意：hang表示“悬挂；使低垂”时，其过去式、过去分词分别是hung，hung hang 表示“(被)吊死；(被)绞死”时，其过去式、过去分词分别是hanged，hanged (1)选词填空 I have a close friend with whom I often hang out.Last weekend，with nothing to do，I called her to hang around in our campus.I dialed her number and hung on for quite a moment，but nobody answered it.I was about to hang up when someone else answered the phone，who told me my friend had gone out without her phone. (2)Never hang out with people who are always complaining about everything. 不要跟那些总是事事抱怨的人在一起。 (3)Hang on to the rope and don’t let go or you will fall into the deep valley. 抓紧那条绳子，别松手，否则你就会掉进深谷。 refer to (referred，referred，referring)参考，查阅；涉及，提到；指的是(reference n．[C] & [U]提及；涉及；参考) ·refer to...as...把……当作…… ·for reference 便于查阅/参考 in/with reference to关于；根据……而论 (1)When it comes to human evolution，it is hard not to refer to Darwin’s famous theory. (2)You can get a chain of information on the network for reference(refer) when preparing for your paper. (3)In/With reference to friction and conflicts，most people believe they are unavoidable. 关于矛盾与冲突，大多数人认为它们是不可避免的。 (4)Though it is only a bimonthly version，you can also refer to it as a useful reference material. 尽管这只是一本双月刊，你也可以把它当作有用的参考资料。 强调句 教材原句　It was this research that inspired the phrase “Six Degrees of Separation”．正是这项研究启发了“六度分隔”这一说法。(P9) 本句是强调句型。 其基本结构是It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分。 一般疑问句结构：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？ 特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他成分？ not...until...的强调句型为：It is/was not until...that... 注意：强调句型只能强调主语、宾语、表语、状语，但不能强调谓语动词。 若强调的是人，可用who代替that，否则只能用that。 (1)There are always some ups and downs in our life，but it is the sufferings that make us stronger. (2)It was on the farm where we first worked together that we met each other for the first time. (3)When was it that the People’s Republic of China was founded? (4)He didn’t realize the importance of good health until he got seriously ill. →Not until he got seriously ill did he realize the importance of good health.(升级为倒装句式) →It was not until he got seriously ill that he realized the importance of good health.(升级为强调句型) (5)尽管这份礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来真正重要的是其中所包含的爱。(续写升华) Although the present isn’t worth much，I value it very much.From my point of view/In my view，it’s the love contained in it that really counts.(强调句型) Ⅰ.一词多义 release A.解救；放出　B.出版，发行　C.释放；排出　D.解除责任、合同等 1．His latest album of love songs is intended to release in April. B 2．Firefighters took two hours to release the man from the burning canteen. A 3．Physical exercise is regarded as one of the most effective ways to release mental stress. C 4．Divorce releases both the husband and wife from all marital obligations to each other. D refer to A.提及，涉及　B.指的是　C.参考　D.查阅 5．Now when people refer to England，you will find Wales included as well. A 6．While giving the English speech，one is not allowed to refer to the notes. C 7．I didn’t refer to you when I talked about someone who was whispering in class. B 8．You are not expected to refer to a dictionary when coming across new words. D Ⅱ.熟词生义 1．The journal I like most is bimonthly，so I must wait for it eagerly for two months.双月刊 2．I have this theory that most people prefer being at work to being at home.推测 3．Don’t disturb the papers on my desk，for they are of great significance.搞乱；弄乱 4．Honestly speaking，I agree with what he says，but I’d have phrased it differently.表达 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．I planted some lily seeds in the yard，but they failed to come up. 2．They found that every facial expression was connected to/with a certain color. 3．The person referred to at the conference just now was an expert in this field. 4．The winning numbers are randomly(random) selected by the computer. 5．While it sounds fine in theory，there is still some doubt whether it will work. 6．What made me annoyed was that the disturbing(disturb) noise outside completely ruined our weekend. 7．We would resist any armed intervention(intervene) from outside in the country’s affairs. 8．There were disagreements(disagree) among doctors about the best way to treat the disease. 9．Based an important decision more on emotion than on reason，you will regret it sooner or later. 10．Refused as I was，I still received some great encouragement(encourage)，which gave me confidence to be a writer. Ⅱ.选词填空 1.The textbooks and dictionaries can be used as reference books while the magazines serve as reading materials. 2．The changes are sure to conflict with the old traditions，so we must give them a second thought. 3．By the time he left school，he had participated in a great many after-school activities. 4．How are you getting along with the girl you referred to in your last letter? 5．It is well acknowledged that life consists of not only sunshine but also storm. Ⅲ.单句写作(应用文写作——道歉信) 1．我写信为我昨天的行为向你道歉。(apology) I am writing to make an apology to you for what I did yesterday. 2．我真的非常后悔因为这种小事跟你发生冲突。(come into conflict with) I really regret coming into conflict with you over such a small matter. 3．到家之后我就意识到了，我当时那样做完全是出于对你的嫉妒。 The moment I arrived home，I realized that I did it totally out of envy to you. 4．我的固执也是引起我们之间的冲突并且给你带来伤害的原因。(强调句型) It was also my being stubborn that caused the conflict between us and hurt you so much. 5．如果有可能，请接受我诚挚的道歉，我承诺以后再也不会发生这种事情了。(省略句) If possible，please accept my sincere apology and I promise it won’t happen any more. Ⅳ.阅读理解 (2023·江苏南通高三统考期末) After graduating from Chongqing City Management College，Tan Minyan from Chongqing decided to become a cemetery custodian(守墓人)． “With four colleagues，I don’t need to worry about any complicated relationships，” the 22-year-old shared on her Sina Weibo.“Moreover，my office，dormitory and canteen are in the same building.The pace of work is slow and I almost feel as if I retired early.” Her decision has caused heated discussion on social media in November about how young people nowadays can deal with social anxiety and benefit from genuine interpersonal relationships. According to the survey conducted in 2021 by China Youth Daily，more than 80 percent of the nearly 5,000 college students questioned said they had mild social anxiety disorder.The disorder surfaces most frequently when they speak in front of large groups，communicate with strangers and ask for favors. Cheng Qiang，who works for a media group in Beijing is one of them.The 29-year-old told China Daily he started having social anxiety disorder in middle school. To avoid contact with coworkers，Cheng often wore a mask even when going to the toilet or kitchen so he would encounter fewer people. “The disorder becomes more severe when I am around people who know me but are not close，” he told China Daily.“Their attention makes me nervous，and I don’t know how to respond.” Wang Wenda，a psychology lecturer at Ningxia University’s Xinhua College，found that most of the people who suffer from social anxiety disorder are introverted，lack confidence or social skills，or have suffered traumatic(造成创伤的) interpersonal relationships. He also believes that the disorder is not trivial.It may lead to panic attacks and other psychological problems as a result of a lack of contact with other people. According to China Daily，Wang’s suggested solution was as follows：People with social anxiety disorder should go out and expose themselves to more social gatherings and practice their social skills；through greater social experience and small successes in social encounters，they will reap the benefits of having a real social life and come to enjoy positive interpersonal relations. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章从真实案例出发引出社会对社交焦虑的讨论，主要介绍了社交恐惧症的主要表现以及缓解社交恐惧症的方法。 1．Why is Tan Minyan’s experience mentioned at the beginning of the text? A．To suggest an alternative career path. B．To lead up to the topic of social anxiety. C．To illustrate what young people value in their work. D．To present people’s attitudes toward her profession. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容可知，她的这一决定在社交媒体上引发了关于当代年轻人如何应对社交恐惧并从真正的人际的关系中受益的热烈讨论，所以开头提到谭敏妍的经历是为了引出社交恐惧的话题。故选B项。 2．What do we know about people with social anxiety disorder? A．They are unwilling to help others. B．They find it hard to do everyday tasks. C．They feel uneasy when asking for favors. D．They always feel anxious in public places. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段最后一句可知，有社交恐惧症的人在寻求帮助时会感到不安。故选C项。 3．What does the underlined word “trivial” in the second-to-last paragraph most probably mean? A．Urgent. B．Influential. C．Unimportant. D．Complicated. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“It may lead to panic attacks and other psychological problems as a result of a lack of contact with other people.”可知，这种病症并不是小事，且该词前有否定词not，因此trivial为“小的，无关紧要的”的意思。故选C项。 4．What does Wang suggest people with social anxiety disorder do? A．Join a social anxiety support group. B．Go outside to relax themselves. C．Seek help from a professional. D．Engage in more social activities. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“People with social anxiety disorder should go out and expose themselves to more social gatherings and practice their social skills”可知，王文达建议有社交恐惧症的人们应该多参加社交活动。故选D项。 Ⅴ.完形填空 As physician Michael Shannon drove，a semitruck had suddenly pulled onto the road in front of him.The physician had no time to 1 .“I can remember the sound of breaking glass，and then everything stopped，” he recalls.After that，he knew he had to get out fast.But he was 2 . Help arrived almost instantly.Paramedic(急救护理人员) Chris Trokey could immediately see how urgent it was.The whole front end of the car was 3 under the body of the semi. After 20 minutes’ tense 4 ，Trokey sat with him in the back of an ambulance. 5 ，the paramedic began to 6 the crash victim’s name：Michael Shannon.He wondered whether this could be the same man who had 7 his own life 30 years ago，when he was a preemie(早产儿) and arrived at the very same 8 they were headed to with a life-threatening high temperature；the doctor who slept by Trokey’s side in the hospital until he was 9 enough to go home.At this moment，the feeling of 10 grew stronger. Shannon recognized Chris’s name at once，too.Although he has 11 more children than he can remember，it’s the ones who need him most who 12 in his mind.Both men are amazed at the 13 .They say this feeling—of having someone enter your life at a 14 time and watch over you until you are well，of giving a gift 15 expectations and then getting it back when you need it most—has given them faith in a higher power. 语篇解读　这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了急救护理人员Chris Trokey救治了三十年前救治过他的医生Michael Shannon的故事。 1．A.prepare B．think C．react D．wonder 答案　C 解析　根据上文“a semitruck had suddenly pulled onto the road in front of him”可知，医生没有时间作出反应。故选C。 2．A.pinned B．stopped C．interrupted D．lost 答案　A 解析　根据下文“The whole front end of the car was under the body of the semi.”可知，他的汽车被半挂车压住，他不能动弹。故选A。 3．A.fixed B．folded C．tied D．spread 答案　B 解析　根据上文“a semitruck had suddenly pulled onto the road in front of him”可推知，汽车的整个前端都被压在半挂车的车身下面。故选B。 4．A.separation B．observation C．transport D．rescue 答案　D 解析　根据上文“Help arrived almost instantly.”可知，此处指经过20分钟的紧张救援。故选D。 5．A.Besides B．However C．Meanwhile D．Therefore 答案　C 解析　根据上文的“sat with him”和下文的“began to ”可推知，前后两个动作并无逻辑上的转折或因果关系，所以“与此同时”符合语境。故选C。 6．A.reflect on B．look for C．track down D．turn up 答案　A 解析　reflect on反思；look for寻找；track down追踪；turn up出现。根据下文“He wondered”可知，他开始思考车祸受害者的名字。故选A。 7．A.cherished B．risked C．valued D．saved 答案　D 解析　cherish珍视；risk冒险；value 重视；save挽救。根据下文“his own life 30 years ago...high temperature”可知，此处指30年前救了他一命的那个人。故选D。 8．A.home B．hospital C．office D．clinic 答案　B 解析　根据常识可知，既然高烧已经危及生命，就要去医院就医。故选B。 9．A.well B．relieved C．relaxed D．fortunate 答案　A 解析　根据“enough to go home”可知，此处指直到他康复回家。故选A。 10．A.belonging B．recognition C．loss D．responsibility 答案　B 解析　根据下文“Shannon recognized Chris’s name at once，too.”可知，认出这就是救过他命的医生的感觉越来越强烈。故选B。 11．A.transformed B．owned C．educated D．treated 答案　D 解析　根据上文“As physician Michael Shannon”可知，作为医生，他治疗过的孩子比他能记住的要多。故选D。 12．A.fail B．stick C．leave D．appear 答案　B 解析　根据上文可知，他救治过的孩子比他能记住的要多，但能留在他脑海的是那些最需要他的孩子。故选B。 13．A.relationship B．friendship C．connection D．satisfaction 答案　C 解析　根据上文的叙述以及下文“this feeling”可知，两人都对这种联系感到惊讶。故选C。 14．A.dangerous B．bright C．sensible D．critical 答案　D 解析　根据上文Chris Trokey当年被Michael Shannon救治以及如今Chris Trokey对Michael Shannon的护理可知，此处指在你生命的关键时刻进入你的生活。故选D。 15．A.beyond B．with C．without D．in 答案　C 解析　根据上文“the doctor who slept by Trokey’s side in the hospital until he was enough to go home”可知，有人在你生命的关键时刻进入你的生活，照顾你直到你康复，却不期望任何回报。故选C。 Ⅵ.语法填空 Fourteen years ago，Wu Jingxun started visiting the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture (自治区)，Sichuan Province.1. his surprise，the volunteer found not a single book was in any family in a village.There were only several magazines 2. (leave) by tourists in the local primary school. “There 3. (be) no other reading material besides those magazines 4.________________covers had been worn out，” recalls Wu. After that，Wu donated many books，including picture books that won the Caldecott Medal，to the primary school.One year 5. (late)，when he revisited the school，he was shocked to find the children’s favorite books were Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf and Boonie Bears. “That showed children in the village were not 6. (interest) in reading and didn’t know how.Even if you offered them great books，they just went through the picture books without gaining any 7. (impress)，” Wu says.“If they can take up reading as 8.______________habit，they can benefit more.They can read in their free time rather than watching TikTok on their phones.” By now，thousands of books 9. (donate) to the Liangshan Yi autonomous prefecture to promote reading and to teach children how to read,10. (particular) in poor villages. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了吴敬勋为四川省凉山彝族自治州的孩子们所做出的贡献。 1．答案　To 解析　考查介词。to one’s surprise为固定搭配，意为“让某人惊讶的是”。故填To。 2．答案　left 解析　考查非谓语动词。leave和magazines为动宾关系，因此用过去分词作定语表示被动。故填left。 3．答案　was 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。句中真正主语no other reading material为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，结合语境可知时态为一般过去时，因此用一般过去时。故填was。 4．答案　whose 解析　考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，句中先行词为those magazines，与covers为所属关系，作定语，因此用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。 5．答案　later 解析　考查副词。时间段后加副词later表示“一段时间以后”，用来叙述过去的事情。故填later。 6．答案　interested 解析　考查形容词。be interested in为固定搭配，表示“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 7．答案　impression 解析　考查名词。被形容词any修饰，空处应填名词形式，impression表示“印象”为不可数名词。故填impression。 8．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。habit为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且habit的首字母以辅音音素开头，应用冠词a。故填a。 9．答案　have been donated 解析　考查时态和语态。donate与books为动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，本句的时间状语是By now，因此使用现在完成时。故填have been donated。 10．答案　particularly 解析　考查副词。此处意为“尤其是”，因此使用副词，修饰介词短语。故填particularly。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$