Unit 10 Connections单元检测卷(1)-【步步高】2023-2024学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（北师大版2019）

单元检测卷(一) 第一部分　听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节　(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What will the speakers do this weekend? A．Visit a zoo. B．See a movie. C．Go horse-riding. 2．Why didn’t the man go to the wedding? A．He was busy. B．He had the flu. C．He got food poisoning. 3．What does the woman think of her old roommate? A．Selfish. B．Thoughtful. C．Careful. 4．What does the woman think the city should do? A．Create more jobs. B．Improve the air quality. C．Close some businesses. 5．What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A store. B．Their dormitory. C．The weather. 第二节　(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．How does the woman suggest the man get home? A．By bus. B．By car. C．By taxi. 7．Where are the speakers? A．At home. B．At a bus station. C．At a restaurant. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8．What is the main reason for the woman’s retirement? A．She has reached the legal age. B．She hasn’t recovered from her injury. C．She wants to spend more time with her kid. 9．How does the woman feel about giving up dancing in public? A．Sad. B．Excited. C．Hesitant. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10．Who found the briefcase? A．Margaret. B．Andy. C．Sean. 11．When does the conversation probably take place? A．On Sunday. B．On Saturday. C．On Friday. 12．What can we learn from the conversation? A．The man got promoted. B．The woman will be a director. C．The woman will go to the theater after work. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13．How much did the man pay for the return ticket? A．$20. B．$30. C．$40. 14．How did the man get his ticket today? A．From the ticket office. B．From the ticket machine. C．From the Internet. 15．What does the man say about the train? A．It was late today. B．It needs further improvement. C．It serves expensive food and drinks. 16．What was the man satisfied with today? A．The wireless network signal on the train. B．The reliable train schedule. C．The quick ticketing service. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17．What should the listeners bring on Monday? A．Food. B．A jacket. C．Drinks. 18．What will the listeners do on Tuesday? A．Cycle to the mountaintop. B．Enjoy the fantastic views. C．Cycle to the camp. 19．When can the listeners make a purchase? A．On Tuesday. B．On Wednesday. C．On Thursday. 20．Where will the listeners go on the last day? A．To the beach. B．To the observatory. C．To the factory. 答案　1.B　2.C　3.A　4.A　5.C　6.B　7.C 8．C　9.A　10.B　11.C　12.B　13.B　14.C 15．A　16.A　17.B　18.C　19.B　20.A 听力材料 Text 1 W：The zoo’s closed all weekend.Maybe we could go horse-riding? M：I am not sure I can afford that. W：Hmm，that movie about the woman who rescues animals is on.We could see that. M：Fine. Text 2 W：Tell me all about how the wedding went! M：I wish I could，but I missed. W：Were you too busy to go to it? M：No，I got really sick on Friday night.I thought I had the flu，but it turned out to be food poisoning.So I couldn’t go to the wedding. Text 3 M：How are you and your roommate getting along? W：Pretty well.She usually comes home late，but she’s always careful not to make any noise in case I’m sleeping.She’s very thoughtful. M：That’s nice. W：Yeah.She’s a real change from my old roommate，who only cared about herself. Text 4 M：This town is a healthy place to live in.There are many trees，and the air quality is good.I guess that’s because there isn’t a lot of industry. W：Yeah.But no industry means no jobs.It is difficult to find work around here.The city should bring more businesses here. Text 5 M：What an awful month we are having! W：It’s pretty bad，isn’t it? So hot and wet.It’s hard to sleep at night in our dormitory. M：It’s not usually this hot in the fall.Well，I think I’m going to get some more ice cream in the store. Text 6 W：How are you going to get home from the restaurant later，Harry? M：Oh，I can just take a bus or a taxi.There are usually plenty of taxis around this area at night. W：Yes，but not on a Sunday night.You might wait for a long time.Why don’t you ask Kevin to drive you home? He’s having dinner with us and he lives near you. M：That’s right.I’ll ask him when he’s back from the bathroom. Text 7 M：So，Maria，is it true you’re going to retire soon? W：Yes.I’m going to be thirty-five soon，so it’s getting harder and harder for me physically，and I’m still recovering from that last back injury I had.But the main reason’s that I need to spend time with my little boy.He’s only two and he’s growing up so fast.I don’t want to miss it. M：So you don’t enjoy being on tour any more? W：It’s not that I don’t enjoy.It’s just not practical any more.It’ll actually break my heart to give up dancing in public. Text 8 M：Have you seen a brown briefcase? I had it with me when I came in this morning but I can’t seem to find it anywhere. W：I think Andy was asking around about a briefcase.Why don’t you ask him? M：Thanks.By the way，congratulations on your new position. W：Thank you. M：They couldn’t have appointed anyone better.You’ll make a great director of operations，Margaret. W：That’s very kind of you，Sean.Ah...and there’s Andy. M：With my briefcase under his arm.What a relief! See you at the theater tonight? W：Not sure.I had a really long week so I’ll probably take a hot bath and go to bed. M：Yeah.Tomorrow is the day off and you can have a good rest. W：Absolutely.So what will you do at the weekend? Text 9 W：Can I ask what kind of ticket you bought? I assume it wasn’t a season ticket. M：That’s right.No，I just got a normal return ticket.I don’ t have a railcard so I didn’t get any discount. W：Yes，you’d have saved 40% on your ticket today.The single ticket is $20.So you paid the full price for your return ticket? M：I paid $30. W：Do you usually buy your tickets at the station? M：Well，I do usually but the ticket office closes early and I hate using ticket machines.I think ticket offices should be open for longer hours.There’s always a queue for the machines and they’re often out of order.So I got an e-ticket online. W：And，is there anything you weren’t satisfied with? M：Well，normally，the trains run on time and are pretty reliable but today there was a delay; the train was about 15 minutes behind schedule. W：What would you say you were satisfied with today? M：Well，I like the Wi-fi on the train.It’s improved a lot.It makes it easier for me to work if I want to.And the food and drinks are cheaper than before. Text 10 M：Hello，everyone.Now I’ll tell you about our trips.On Monday，you will have a forest walk.It’s a guided walk of about seven kilometers.There’ll be a stop halfway，and you’ll be provided with a drink and sandwiches.There are some fairly steep climbs up the hills，so you need to be reasonably fit for this one and bring a waterproof jacket in case it rains.Then on Tuesday we’ll organize a cycle trip，which will give you all the fun of biking without effort.We will take you and your bike up to the top of Mount Lama，and leave you to bike back to the camp.It’s a pity that you may not have fantastic views because it isn’t a clear day according to the forecast. On Wednesday you’ll be taken to a factory where jewelry is made.If you want，you can buy some of the souvenirs but that’s entirely up to you.The trip starts after lunch，and you’ll return by 6 pm. On Thursday we can offer trips to the observatory for those who are interested in astronomy.And you’ll be shown the huge telescopes and have a talk from an expert，who’ll explain all about how they work. Finally，the last day，there’s horse riding.It’s a great experience if you’re a keen horseback rider，or even if you’ve never been on a horse before.They take you down to the beach，and you can ride a horse along the sand and through the waves. 第二部分　阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2023·浙江温州高二统考期末) Many popular modern board games were invented in the United States.But some of our favorite games came from other countries and have deep historic roots. Parcheesi Parcheesi came from India，where it is known as pachisi.The Mogul King Akbar，who ruled India in the 1500s，actually had a life-sized version of pachisi in his garden.Parcheesi came to America around 1870，and now has many variations of it—where each player has four pawns(兵) and races to be the first one to get them all safely to a home base. Checkers Though simpler than Chess，Checkers offers plenty of strategic considerations for its players.Developing from a Middle Eastern game called alquerque，Checkers was introduced to America in the 1930s and has a number of variations that have been played since at least 3000 B．C. Backgammon Backgammon originated in Mesopotamia around 3000 B．C.In the game，two players took turns rolling dice in a race to be the first one to get their 15 pieces off the board.Introduced to America in 1920，Backgammon became wildly popular then and remains so today，especially in its electronic version. Mancala Mancala means “to move” in Arabic.Players take turns to move pieces on its special board until all the pieces have been captured.Ancient game boards dating from the 6th and 7th centuries have been found carved in stone in Ethiopia.Mancala was brought into America in 1940 by immigrants from Cape Verde in Africa.And yes—it is played online! 21．Which of the following was first introduced to America? A．Parcheesi. B．Checkers. C．Backgammon. D．Mancala. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第二段的“Parcheesi came to America around 1870...”；第三段的“Checkers was introduced to America in the 1930s...”；第四段的“Introduced to America in 1920，Backgammon became wildly popular then and remains so today...”以及最后一段的“Mancala was brought into America in 1940 by immigrants from Cape Verde in Africa.”可知，Parcheesi最先被引入美国。故选A。 22．What do Backgammon and Mancala have in common? A．Each game has four players. B．They have digital versions. C．Their boards were carved in stone. D．They date back to 3,000 years ago. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段的“Introduced to America in 1920，Backgammon became wildly popular then and remains so today，especially in its electronic version.”以及最后一段的“And yes—it is played online！”可知，Backgammon和Mancala的共同之处是都有电子版。故选B。 23．In which column of a magazine can this text be found? A．Health. B．Economy. C．Entertainment. D．Science. 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段“Many popular modern board games were invented in the United States.But some of our favorite games came from other countries and have deep historic roots.”可知，文章主要介绍了四种游戏的历史以及传播。由此可推知，文章选自杂志的“娱乐”版面。故选C。 B As a young girl growing up in France，Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place.Her passion to help others was awakened when，from the age of nine，she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays.There she organized homework clubs and activities for children. Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification(沙漠化)．“Within 10 years rich farmers became worse off，and in 10 years from now they will be poor.I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change.She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops，using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers(肥料) rather than chemicals. In 2012，Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert.She moved to Tunisia，and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action，“I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are.Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.” By September 2016，more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms，with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate.Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland.She had expected to plant 1 million trees by 2018.In the next couple of years，Toumi hopes to extend the programme to Algeria and Morocco. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是一个在法国长大的小女孩创办了名为Acacias for All的项目，通过种植金合欢树来阻止土地沙漠化。 24．How did Toumi’s holiday trips to Tunisia influence her? A．They made her decide to leave the country. B．They helped her better understand her father. C．They fired her enthusiasm for helping others. D．They destroyed her dream of being a teacher. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“Her passion to help others was awakened when，from the age of nine，she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays.”可知，她陪着父亲返乡之旅唤醒了她帮助别人的热情。故选C。 25．What is the main cause of the desertification of Tunisia’s farmland? A．Less rainfall. B．Soil pollution. C．Cold weather. D．Forest damage. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段末句“A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification.”可知，突尼斯的农业土地受到沙漠化的威胁主要是因为降水量少。故选A。 26．Why did Toumi set up Acacias for All in Tunisia? A．To create job opportunities for young people. B．To help the children obtain a basic education. C．To persuade the farmers not to use fertilizers. D．To strengthen the protection of local farmland. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段的“In 2012，Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert.She moved to Tunisia，and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action...”以及最后一段的“Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed to protect Tunisia’s farmland.”可知，Toumi设立这个项目是为了更好地加强对当地农田的保护。故选D。 27．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Saving Water in Tunisia B．Planting Trees for Money C．Fighting Poverty in North Africa D．Sustainable Farming Against Deserts 答案　D 解析　标题归纳题。根据文章第二段的“Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification(沙漠化)．”可知，Toumi目睹了沙漠化的破坏性；根据第三段的“Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change.”可知，Toumi认为耕作方式需要改变；结合第四段的“In 2012，Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert...set up a programme named Acacias for All...”可以推断，本文主要讲述的是一个小女孩通过可持续农耕来对抗沙漠化，所以“Sustainable Farming Against Deserts”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。 C TikTok has appeared as a major starter of food trends—from mushroom coffee and pancake cereal to cloud bread.But there’s another trend dominating TikTok that’s become bigger than any of these viral recipes.That’s the #whatieatinaday trend，which is nearing 9 billion views.These video food diaries are also popular on Instagram—typically featuring a wellness influencer or celebrity showing their foods they ate that day—often with a full-length yoga clothes mirror selfie. The basic message these posts send is that if you eat like them，then you can eventually look like them.The posts are promoting the idea of a perfect or ideal day of eating，along with a perfect body size. “Younger audience，especially girls and young women，accept the message that they must eat like these creators in order to achieve and maintain not only health，but also social attraction，” says Cara Harbstreet.“The biggest harm I see with this trend is that it normalizes disordered or restrictive eating behaviors.This could prevent someone struggling with an eating disorder from seeking and receiving support or treatment.” Even if the #whatieatinaday posts are displaying a balanced day of eating，the message of “eat like me，and you will look like me” is harmful because people would not necessarily achieve the same body size as the Instagrammer even if they copied their day of eating bite for bite. Rather than a day’s worth of food，many experts suggest posting a single meal instead.Rachael Hartley said an individual meal or recipe could serve as an idea or inspiration versus a full day of eating to copy. “I occasionally share #whyIateWednesday posts，with the aim of showing a wide range of foods，including fast food，desserts，convenience foods and other foods that diet culture might dislike，as well as showing how to include nutrition in a gentle way，” she said. Rumsey says diet culture has changed our sense of how much is “normal” to eat at meals or snacks，so it can be helpful to see a full meal that shows a variety of foods. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了抖音上流行发布“每天吃什么”视频，作者指出其中包含的危害以及建议。 28．What does the author try to explain in paragraph 1? A．What foods are posted on Instagram. B．What role TikTok plays in food diaries. C．What wellness influencers show on TikTok. D．What trend is popular in social networking sites. 答案　D 解析　段落大意题。根据第一段中的“TikTok has appeared as a major starter of food trends...But there’s another trend dominating TikTok that’s become bigger than any of these viral recipes.That’s the #whatieatinaday trend...”可知，作者在第一段中试图解释社交网站的流行趋势。故选D。 29．Why does Cara consider the #whatieatinaday harmful? A．Because it asks people to eat the same food. B．Because it doesn’t promote a perfect day of eating. C．Because it makes disordered eating behaviors normal. D．Because it prevents people from achieving the same body size. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The biggest harm I see with this trend is that it normalizes disordered or restrictive eating behaviors.”可知，卡拉认为“每天吃什么”是有害的是因为它使紊乱的或限制性的饮食行为看起来正常。故选C。 30．What do eating experts suggest posting? A．Diet culture. B．One meal at a time. C．A day’s worth of food. D．A week’s worth of food. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Rather than a day’s worth of food，many experts suggest posting a single meal instead.”可知，饮食专家建议发布一次一餐。故选B。 31．What is the author’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To teach how to share food on TikTok. B．To recommend some famous eating posts. C．To explore the causes of disordered eating behaviors. D．To explain the dangers of video food diaries，such as from the #whatieatinaday. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据文章一二两段可知，社交媒体上兴起了每天吃什么的视频饮食日记；根据第三段中的“The biggest harm I see with this trend is that it normalizes disordered or restrictive eating behaviors.”和第四段中的“Even if the #whatieatinaday posts are displaying a balanced day of eating，the message of ‘eat like me，and you will look like me’ is harmful...”；最后三段则是建议和看法。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是解释视频饮食日记的危害。故选D。 D Those who don’t live in cities often complain about or feel surprised at the fact that strangers don’t talk to each other in urban public places.They feel sorry about the way we seem to increasingly get lost in mobile devices，seemingly oblivious to what’s going on around us.But sociologists recognize that the space we give each other in the urban places serves an important social function. Well known sociologist Erving Goffman developed the concept of “civil inattention” in his book Behavior in Public Places.Far from ignoring those around us，Goffman proved that what we’re actually doing is pretending to be unaware of what others are doing around us，therefore providing them a sense of privacy，as they do the same for us.Goffman proved in his research that civil inattention typically involves at first a mirror form of social interaction，like very brief eye contact，the exchange of head nods，or weak smiles.Following that，both parties then typically move their eyes from the other party. Goffman theorized that what we achieve，socially speaking，with this kind of interaction，is mutual(相互的) recognition that the other present causes no threat to our security，and we both agree，tacitly(默契地)，to let the other alone to do as they please.When we provide civil inattention to others，we effectively approve their behavior.Sometimes，we use civil inattention to save face when we’ve done something we feel embarrassed by，or to help manage the embarrassment that another might feel if we witness them trip，or drop something. Civil inattention is thus not a problem，but an important part of maintaining social order in public.We expect it from others and see it as normal behavior.We may feel threatened by someone who doesn’t give it to us.This is why women feel threatened by those who catcall(发嘘声) to them，and why for some men，simply being stared at by another is enough to cause a physical fight. 语篇解读　本文为一篇说明文。城市中陌生人不愿意在公众场合进行过多交谈，社会学家Goffman提出了“礼貌性疏忽”这一概念，认为这在社交互动生活中有着积极的影响。 32．How does the author begin this text? A．By giving people a warning. B．By describing a way of socializing. C．By comparing some people’s feelings. D．By giving a problem with technology. 答案　B 解析　推理判断题。文章第一段前两句描述了一种社交方式：陌生人在城市公共场所不说话。“我们”貌似越来越沉迷于移动设备。然后末句阐述了社会学家对此的看法。由此推断，文章第一段通过描述一种社交方式来开始叙述。故选B。 33．What does the underlined phrase “oblivious to” in paragraph 1 most probably mean? A．Tired of. B．Unsure about. C．Unaware of. D．Curious about. 答案　C 解析　词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“They feel sorry about the way we seem to increasingly get lost in mobile devices...”可知，“我们”貌似越来越沉迷于移动设备，对于身边发生的事情是不关注的，oblivious to与unaware of为近义词，表示“对……是无意识的”。故选C。 34．What do we actually mean when we look away from a stranger，according to Goffman? A．We are ignoring him on a rude basis. B．We are showing our respect for others’ privacy. C．We are worrying that we could lose belongings. D．We are protecting ourselves from physical attacks. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句可知，当我们把目光从陌生人身上移开时，我们是在表达对他人隐私的尊重。故选B。 35．What can be learned from the text about civil inattention? A．Civil inattention has positive effects on social interaction. B．Civil inattention helps save face when we’ve done wrong to others. C．Civil inattention isn’t linked to social interaction according to Goffman. D．Civil inattention is a type of normal behavior which we may feel threatened. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段的“what we achieve...with this kind of interaction，is mutual(相互的) recognition that the other present causes no threat to our security，and we both agree，tacitly(默契地)，to let the other alone to do as they please.”及最后一段第一句可知，礼貌性疏忽的结果是我们都心照不宣地同意让对方去做他们喜欢做的事，它是维护公共社会秩序的重要组成部分。故礼貌性疏忽对社会互动有积极影响。故选A。 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Like all mammals，whales need to sleep in order to survive.But they are also air-breathers，meaning that they cannot sleep in the water all the time.There are around 90 different types of whale，which can hold their breath for about an hour，depending on the species.However，they usually travel up to the surface to breathe every 15 minutes. 36 Some scientists have found that whales cannot become fully unconscious or they would drown.To deal with living in the water full-time while having to breathe air，these air-breathers have evolved into voluntary ones，as a way to prevent accidentally breathing in water at inappropriate moments. 37 Therefore，they have to be awake and alert at all times to prevent themselves from drowning. Whales have some of the largest brains on the planet. 38 They can actively decide which part of their brains to use at a given time.This particular way of sleeping can be seen most clearly in captive(圈养的) whales.When whales are sleeping，they can be seen keeping one eye closed while the other remains open. 39 Some species，like sperm whales，enter a deeper sleep where they hang in groups，vertically，not too far below the surface for just over an hour.Other species，such as the humpback whales，have been observed resting motionless at the surface of the water for only 30 minutes. 40 And，killer whales，which are very socially complex，never swim too far from the other members of their pod(一小群)，sleeping in close groups. A．So how exactly do they get any sleep? B．They continue to swim slowly and regularly. C．They won’t lose their body temperature by staying still. D．It’s an interesting dilemma for wholly ocean air-breathers. E．This sleeping technique varies slightly among species，however. F．Whales consciously control their blowholes(气孔) with powerful muscles. G．Sperm whales in particular have the biggest brain of any living mammal. 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了鲸鱼在游动过程中保持睡眠的方法和特征。 36．答案　A 解析　根据上文“Like all mammals，whales need to sleep in order to survive.”及“However，they usually travel up to the surface to breathe every 15 minutes.”可知，鲸鱼像其他哺乳动物一样，它们也得睡觉，但通常每隔15分钟要浮出水面呼吸。推测空格处的内容与“鲸鱼如何在这过程中睡觉”有关。故选A。 37．答案　F 解析　根据下文“Therefore，they have to be awake and alert at all times to prevent themselves from drowning.”可知，空格处的内容应该与鲸鱼如何避免吸入海水有关，F项“鲸鱼有意识地用强有力的肌肉控制它们的气孔。”是后文鲸鱼避免吸入海水的原因。故选F。 38．答案　G 解析　根据上文的“Whales have some of the largest brains on the planet.”和下文的“They can actively decide which part of their brains to use at a given time.”可知，鲸鱼有着地球上最大的大脑，可以主动决定在给定的时间使用大脑的哪一部分。所以，空格处的内容应该与鲸鱼的大脑有关，G项“抹香鲸的大脑是现存哺乳动物中最大的。”符合此处语境。故选G。 39．答案　E 解析　根据后文“Some species，like sperm whales...”及“Other species，such as the humpback whales...”可知，本段用举例的方式说明不同的鲸鱼睡眠方式不同。因此，E项“然而，这种睡眠技巧在不同鲸鱼种类间略有不同。”总起全段，是全段的总结。故选E。 40．答案　C 解析　根据上文的“Other species，such as the humpback whales，have been observed resting motionless at the surface of the water for only 30 minutes.”可知，其他物种，例如座头鲸，已经被观察到在水面上静止不动地休息仅仅30分钟。由此推测，C项“它们不会因为静止不动而失去体温。”承接上文，符合此处语境，表示座头鲸通过保持静止不动，可以尽量保持体温不变。故选C。 第三部分　语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节　(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 (2023·江苏镇江高二统考期中) Justin Mutawassim was 5 years old the first time he took a flight.The Delta pilots on board invited him to 41 the cockpit(驾驶舱)．“I remember sitting there and being 42 by all the buttons，” he said.By age 6，he had decided：“I wanted to be a pilot.” His road to becoming a pilot was harder than he had 43 as a child.His middle school teacher wrongly informed him that perfect vision was a requirement to become a pilot.“When I heard that I was really 44 ，” said Mutawassim，who wears glasses. In December 2014，about a year into his studies at a community college，Mutawassim decided to 45 .He got a job as a ramp agent(机坪操作员) carrying bags for Delta Air Lines.During this time，his 46 to pursue a career in aviation became stronger，but he didn’t have the 47 to make it happen. That 48 when he met his mentor，Martin.Martin helped him 49 for written tests and eventually apply for ATP Flight School，where he was able to 50 the necessary licenses in 11 months. In spring 2022，after he learned Delta dropped the college degree 51 for pilots，he 52 applied for a position.To his delight he was offered the job.“It was a fantastic 53 ，” Mutawassim said.He reflected on how far he had come in only six years，from carrying luggage to 54 a Boeing 767.Now，he is working toward his next goal of 55 a captain. 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Justin Mutawassim从小立志成为一名飞行员，经过六年的努力，他终于实现了自己的目标。 41．A.explore B．examine C．operate D．detect 答案　A 解析　根据前文“Justin Mutawassim was 5 years old the first time he took a flight.”可知，Justin只有5岁，应该是探索驾驶舱。故选A。 42．A.trapped B．comforted C．fascinated D．disturbed 答案　C 解析　根据后文“By age 6，he had decided：‘I wanted to be a pilot.’”可知，6岁时，Justin决定成为一名飞行员，由此可推知，此处是被所有的按钮迷住了。故选C。 43．A.continued B．expected C．commented D．remembered 答案　B 解析　根据前文“His road to becoming a pilot was harder...”可知，此处应是表达“比他小时候想象的要艰难”之意。故选B。 44．A.relaxed B．convinced C．annoyed D．defeated 答案　D 解析　根据前文“His middle school teacher wrongly informed him that perfect vision was a requirement to become a pilot.”以及后文“who wears glasses”可知，Justin的老师错误地告诉他，完美的视力是成为飞行员的必要条件，而他戴着眼镜，所以他听到这话之后是被挫败的。故选D。 45．A.calm down B．drop out C．break down D．pass out 答案　B 解析　calm down冷静下来；drop out退学；break down发生故障；pass out昏倒。根据后文“He got a job as a ramp agent(机坪操作员) carrying bags for Delta Air Lines.”可知，他在航空公司找到了工作，所以此处是退学。故选B。 46．A.response B．power C．desire D．memory 答案　C 解析　根据前文“I wanted to be a pilot.”以及后文“became stronger”可知，应该是追求航空事业的愿望变得更加强烈。故选C。 47．A.burden B．duty C．pride D．confidence 答案　D 解析　根据前文“During this time，his to pursue a career in aviation became stronger”以及but可知，他追求航空事业的愿望变得更加强烈，但是没有信心去实现它。故选D。 48．A.changed B．happened C．repeated D．existed 答案　A 解析　根据后文“Martin helped him for written tests and eventually apply for ATP Flight School”可知，马丁帮助他实现了驾驶员之梦，而之前Justin是没有信心去实现的，所以是改变了。故选A。 49．A.call B．prepare C．search D．wait 答案　B 解析　根据后文“eventually apply for ATP Flight School”可知，申请学校，需先考试，所以此处是帮助他准备笔试。故选B。 50．A.purchase B．complete C．suspend D．arrange 答案　B 解析　根据后文“the necessary licenses in 11 months”可知，应该是能够在11个月内完成必要的执照的取得工作。故选B。 51．A.requirement B．application C．description D．assumption 答案　A 解析　根据前文“after he learned Delta dropped the college degree”可知，此处应是取消了对飞行员的大学学历要求。故选A。 52．A.doubtfully B．casually C．secretly D．eagerly 答案　D 解析　根据上文“after he learned Delta dropped the college degree for pilots”可知，当他知道达美航空取消了对飞行员的大学学历要求后，应该是急切地申请了一个职位。故选D。 53．A.balance B．platform C．moment D．angle 答案　C 解析　根据前文“To his delight he was offered the job.”可知，Justin成了一名飞行员，所以是美妙的时刻。故选C。 54．A.checking B．catching C．repairing D．flying 答案　D 解析　根据前文“To his delight he was offered the job.”可知，Justin成了飞行员，所以此处是驾驶波音767飞机。故选D。 55．A.respecting B．imitating C．becoming D．assigning 答案　C 解析　根据前文“he is working toward his next goal”可知，Justin想要成为一名飞行员的目标已经实现了，所以下一个目标应该是成为一名机长。故选C。 第二节　(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2023·江西抚州高二校联考期中) Chinese idiom is one of the priceless legacies(遗产) deeply rooted in traditional culture，making Chinese language more 56. (power)，more functional and thus，more fascinating. Pooling collective wisdom or “Ji Si Guang Yi”，one of Chinese 57. (idiom)，can better ensure success，reminding people to listen to others’ advice before they make major decisions.The idea was first proposed by Zhuge Liang,58. well-known military strategist during the Three Kingdoms Period (220－280)．“A person 59. holds office should pool the ideas and wisdom of the people and widely draw on all well-intended and useful views，” wrote Zhuge Liang in his article，“Instructions to Subjects and Officials”． So far，the expression 60. (develop) into an effective way to improve working efficiency and show respect for the opinions of the masses.All the opinions and ideas 61.________ (collect) from others can give the decision-maker a more comprehensive picture of the current situation and help him or her make a correct decision. Listening 62. (humble) to others’ opinions，especially those that differ 63._________ one’s own，can help one improve the initiative，wisdom and power of the masses.Now the method 64. (adopt) by the Chinese people in their decision-making in daily life 65.__________ (secure) success. 语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了成语“集思广益”的起源、含义和对人们的影响和作用。 56．答案　powerful 解析　考查形容词。根据并列成分“more functional”和“more fascinating”及空处前的“more”可知，此处应为形容词原级，作宾补。故填powerful。 57．答案　idioms 解析　考查名词的复数。由“one of”可知，应用名词idiom的复数。故填idioms。 58．答案　a 解析　考查冠词。此处作定语修饰名词短语“military strategist”；应用不定冠词a，泛指一位著名的军师。故填a。 59．答案　who/that 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子可知，“ holds office”为定语从句，修饰先行词“A person”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词 who/that。故填who/that。 60．答案　has developed 解析　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词；根据句中时间状语“So far”，应用现在完成时，表示从过去到现在已经完成的动作；主语为“the expression”，谓语动词应为第三人称单数。故填has developed。 61．答案　collected 解析　考查非谓语动词。由句中谓语“can give”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，作定语修饰“opinions and ideas”，并与其形成被动关系，故应用过去分词形式。故填collected。 62．答案　humbly 解析　考查副词。分析句子可知，此处应为副词，作状语修饰动词短语“Listening to”。故填humbly。 63．答案　from 解析　考查介词。differ from意为“不同于”。故填from。 64．答案　is adopted 解析　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词；根据Now以及by the Chinese people，此处用一般现在时的被动语态；根据主语the method是单数，谓语动词用第三称单数形式。故填is adopted。 65．答案　to secure 解析　考查非谓语动词。由句中谓语“is adopted”可知，此处应为非谓语动词，作状语；表示“方法被采用的目的”，应为目的状语，故用动词不定式。故填to secure。 第四部分　写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节　(满分15分) 为了减轻学生的压力及丰富学生的校园生活，你校近期开展了精彩纷呈的课外活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1．活动的内容； 2．活动的反响。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文 Students are under a lot of pressure as the mid-term examination approaches.To relieve stress and enrich campus life，our school has held a variety of after-school activities.Everyone gets involved in their favourite events after school.They play rope skipping，basketball，football，and other sports.Also，all kinds of shows are available at the student center，where students can learn about traditional Chinese culture.Furthermore，students could choose a school club to sharpen relevant skills. As everyone is absorbed in these happy moments，these activities are of great benefit to all students，both physically and mentally.They anticipate more such activities in the coming days. 第二节　(满分25分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Two years ago，homeless Minnie was adopted by a single rich woman.Life did get a bit easier ever since she was taken in by her foster mom，but the little girl was still not happy.How she wished she could have a father! One morning in class，Minnie’s teacher，Mr Thompson，made a surprising announcement，making Minnie frown(皱眉) again. “Kids，tomorrow is Father’s Day! And at school，we’re all celebrating it by having breakfast with Dads! All of you get to bring your dads or anyone you look up to as your dad to school tomorrow.We’ll all sit in one circle，share funny stories，and have breakfast together.” “What a terrible idea！” Minnie muttered(嘀咕) under her breath. For the rest of the day，most kids were talking up their fathers：businessmen，policemen，engineers，and even an actor.Everybody had somebody who was a father figure，except for Minnie. After school，Mr Thompson spotted the sad little girl sitting alone by the school gate. “Are you all right，Minnie？” Mr Thompson asked.Suddenly，the child hugged his legs and cried.Minnie told her trouble to her teacher and Mr Thompson comforted her. After getting home that evening，Mr Thompson couldn’t shake off the sadness he had seen on Minnie’s face.Suddenly，he had an idea.He opened his laptop，and as the keys on the keyboard clattered，Mr Thompson began to smile. He was putting out a post on social media，sharing Minnie’s story and asking for a dad to volunteer for Minnie and show up to school the next day as her father figure.Thirty minutes later，his phone buzzed. And it buzzed again and again.By the time the teacher checked his phone，he was shocked to see the number flashing across the screen. “50 volunteers? Am I reading this right？” Mr Thompson gasped.He put on his glasses and read through all the responses on his post.He was so surprised.These 50 volunteers all wanted to come and help Minnie. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 The next day，Minnie went to school sadly，not knowing the surprise was waiting for her. Minnie was confused at first，but when she saw those “dads”，she was obviously happy. 参考范文 The next day，Minnie went to school sadly，not knowing the surprise was waiting for her.She walked along the hallways with her eyes glued to the floor，failing to notice the line of adult men outside her class door.Mr Thompson said her name last after the other kids had introduced their dads to the class.Just as Minnie was about to say that she had no one，Mr Thompson held her shoulders and said，“Minnie，I know you wanted to bring a father figure，and you thought there wasn’t one.You are right about that，my dear.There isn’t one father figure who has shown up for you；there are 50！” Minnie was confused at first，but when she saw those “dads”，she was obviously happy.“You’ve really come for me？” she clapped in excitement.“Certainly，Minnie! Mr Thompson told us all about you，and we wouldn’t miss it for the world！” one of the men said gently.The volunteers joined the other dads and kids for the day，taking part in every game.They had a happy and memorable day.After a thoroughly entertaining day，Minnie was thankful to those kind “dads” and they all promised that they would come to meet Minnie whenever she needed them. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$单元检测。卷一第一节。听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。Text one, the zoo closed all weekend. Maybe we could go horse riding. I am not sure I can afford that. Hm, that movie about the woman who rescues animals is on. We could see . that fine. Text to tell me all about how the wedding went. I wish . I could, but I missed. Were you too busy to go to IT? No, I got really sick on friday night. I thought I had the flu, but IT turned out to be food poisoning, so I couldn't go to the wedding. Text three, how are you in your roommate getting . along pretty well? SHE usually comes home late, but she's always careful not to make any noise in case i'm sleeping. She's very thoughtful. That's nice. Yeah, she's a real change from my old roommate who only cared about herself. Text for this town is a healthy place to live in. There are many trees and the air quality is good. I guess that's because there isn't a lot of industry. yeah, but no industry means no jobs. IT is difficult to find work around here. The city should bring more businesses here. Text five, what an awful month we are having. It's pretty bad. Isn't IT so hot and wet? It's hard to sleep at night in our dmitry. It's not usually this hot in the fall. Well, I think i'm going to get some more ice cream in the store. 第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的ABC3个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。听第六段材料，回答第六、七题。Text six, how are you going to get home from the restaurant later, Harry? Oh, I can just take a bus or a taxi. There are usually plenty of taxis around this area at night. yes, but not on a sunday night. You might wait for a long time. Why don't you ask Kevin to drive you home? He's having dinner with us and he lives near you. That's right. I'll ask him when he's back from the bathroom. How are you going to get home from the restaurant later, Harry? Oh, I can just take a bus or a taxi. There are usually plenty of taxis around this area at night. yes, but not on a sunday night. You might wait for a long time. Why don't you ask Kevin to drive you home? He's having dinner with us and he lives near you. That's right. I'll ask him when he's back from the bathroom. 听第七段材料，回答第八、九题。Text seven so maria is the true you're going to retire soon. Yes, i'm going to be thirty five soon. So it's getting harder and harder for me physically, and i'm still recovering from that last back injury I had. But the main reasons that I need to spend time with my little boy, he's only too, and he's growing up so fast, I don't . want to miss IT enjoy to anymore. It's not that I don't enjoy, it's just not practical anymore. He'd actually break my heart to give up dancing in public. So maria is the true you're going to retire soon. Yes. i'm going to be thirty five soon. So it's getting harder and harder for me physically and i'm still recovering from that last back injury I had. But the main reasons that I need to spend time with my little boy, he's only two and he's growing up so fast, I don't want to miss IT. So you don't enjoy being on tour anymore. It's not that I don't enjoy, it's just not practical anymore. He'd actually break my heart to give up dancing in public. 听第八段材料，回答第10至12题。Test eight, have you seen a Brown brief case? I had IT with me when I came in this morning, but I can't seem to find IT anywhere. I think andy was asking around about a brief case. Why don't you ask him? thanks. By the way, congratulations on your new position. Thank you. They couldn't have appointed anyone Better. You make a great director of Operations market. That's very kind of you, Shawn. Ah and there's andy with . my briefcase under his ARM. What a relief. See you at the . theater tonight. Not sure I had a really long week, so i'll probably take a hot bath and go to bed. Yeah, tomorrow is the day off, and you can have a good rest. absolutely. So what will you do at the weekend? Have you seen a Brown brief case? I had IT with me when I came in this morning, but I can't seem to find IT anywhere. I think andy was asking around about a brief case. Why don't you ask him? thanks. By the way. Congratulations on your new position. Thank you. They couldn't have appointed anyone Better. You will make a great director of Operations market. That's very of you, Shawn. Ah and there's andy with my . briefcase under his ARM. What a relief. See you at the theater tonight. Not sure I had a really long week, so i'll probably take a hot bath and go to bed . yeah tomorrow with the day off and you can have a good rest. absolutely. So what will you do at the weekend? 听第九段材料，回答第13至16题。Text nine, can I ask what kind of ticket you bought? I assume IT wasn't a season ticket. That's right. No, I just got a Normal return ticket. I don't have a rail card, so I didn't get any discount. Yes, you'd have saved forty percent on your ticket today. The single ticket is twenty dollars, so you paid the full Price for your return ticket. I paid thirty dollars. Do you usually buy your tickets at the station? Well. I do usually, but the ticket office closes early, and I hate using ticket machines. I think ticket offices should be open for longer hours. There's always AQ for the machines and they're often out of order. So I got an e ticket online. And is there anything you weren't satisfied with? Well, Normally the trains run on time and are pretty reliable, but today there was a delay. The was about fifteen minutes behind schedule. What would you say were satisfied with today? Well. I like the wifi on the train. It's improved a lot. IT makes IT easier for me to work if I want to. And food and drinks are cheaper than before. Can I ask what kind of ticket you bought? I assume IT wasn't a season ticket. That's right. No, I just got a Normal return ticket. I don't have a rail card, so I didn't get any discount. Yes, you'd have saved forty percent on your ticket today. The single ticket is twenty dollars, so you paid the full Price for your return ticket. I paid thirty dollars. Do you usually buy your tickets at the station? Well, I do usually, but the ticket office closes early, and I hate using ticket machines. I think ticket offices should be open for longer hours. There's always AQ for the machines and they're often out of order. So I got an e ticket online. And is there anything you weren't satisfied with? Well, Normally the trains run on time and are pretty reliable, but today there was a delay. The train about fifteen minutes behind schedule. What would you say you were satisfied with today? Well, I like the wifi on the train. It's improved a lot. IT makes IT easier for me to work if I want to. And the food and drinks are cheaper than before. 听第十段材料，回答第17至20题。Text ten hello, everyone, now i'll tell you about our trip on monday. You will have a forest walk. It's a guided walk about seven kilometers. You'll be a stop half way and you'll be provided with a drink and sandwich. Es, there are some fairly steep climbs up the hills, so you need to be reasonably fit for this one and bring a waterproof jacket in case of rains. That on tuesday, we'll organize a cycle trip, which will give you all the fun of biking without effort. We will take you and your bike up to the top of mount lama and leave you to bike back to the camp. It's a pity that you may not have fantastic views because IT isn't a clear day. According to the forecast on wednesday, you'll be taken to a factory where jewelry is made. If you want, you can buy some of the souvenir, but that's entirely up to you. The trip starts after lunch, and you'll return by six PM. On thursdays. We can offer trip to the observe tory for those were interested in astronomy, and you'll be shown the huge telescopes and have a talk from an expert who will explain all about how they work. Finally, in the last day, there's horse riding. It's a great experience. If you're a keen horseback writer or even if you've never been on a horse before, they take you down to the beach and you can ride a horse along the sand and through the waves. Hello, everyone, now i'll tell you about our trip on monday. You will have a forest walk, is a guide to walk about seven kilometers there. I'll be a stop half way, and you'll be provided with a drink and sandwiches. There are some fairly steep climes up the hills, so you need to be reasonably fit for this one and bring a waterproof jacket in case of rains. Then on tuesday, we'll organize a cycle trip, which will give you all the fun of biking without effort. We will take you and your bike up to the top of mount lama and leave you the bike back to the camp. It's a pity that you may not have fantastic views because IT isn't a clear day. According to the forecast on wednesday, you'll be taking to a factory where jewelry is made. If you want, you can buy some of the souvenirs, but that's entirely up to you. The trip starts after lunch, and you'll return by six PM. On thursdays. We can offer trips to the observe tory, for those were interested in astronomy. And you'll be shown the huge telescopes and have a talk from an expert who will explain all about how they work. Finally, the last day, there's horse riding. It's a great experience if you're a keen horseback writer or even if you've never been on a horse before, they take you down to the beach and you can ride a horse along the sand and through the waves. 第二节到此结束。